Traditionally, it is believed that connecting a chandelier is a complex matter that must be performed by a professional electrician. But, there is nothing difficult in connecting two or four wires, so any man can easily hang a new chandelier in his house with his own hands.

Connecting a chandelier in a new home

If it's just built a private house and if it is built on its own, then it all starts with wiring. Usually, it is done internally. Although, you can also use external wiring, which is hidden in a decorative casing.

Internal wiring

In concrete, brick or wooden wall a special groove is made under electric wires... This groove is called a groove. You can make it either with a special device, a chasing cutter, or with an ordinary chisel. In case of wooden wall- chisel. The same groove is made in the ceiling.

Create a conduit for wires

The wire is placed in a special casing, which is closed from above during interior decoration premises. Don't forget about junction box, from which the wires should diverge to the chandelier, to other lamps, to the outlet and to the switch.

Junction box

The presence of a junction box will facilitate the replacement of the fragment electrical wiring if necessary.

External wiring

The principle of laying external wiring is the same, with the only difference that the strobe is not made, and the wire is fixed directly to the wall in an insulating decorative casing.

The wires in the insulating casing are hidden in the wall

If the switch is single-key, then two wires go from it to the chandelier. And if the two-key - then four. Usually, the pairs of wires in the chandelier itself are of different colors, so there are no problems with the connection.

One-button switch wiring diagram

When conducting the wiring, it must be borne in mind that to connect the chandelier, it is necessary to leave sufficiently long ends. So it will be more convenient to connect it. The surplus can always be hidden either in a hole in the wall, or behind a decorative chandelier cover.

Chandelier mounting types

There are chandeliers that are quite heavy. And the safety of people under it depends on how well it is fixed. How it will be attached, you need to decide by looking at the mount provided by the manufacturer. Usually, it is of two types:

• fastening with a bar;
• fastening with a hook.

How to hang a chandelier with a bar

Almost all modern chandeliers are fastened with a plank. It is a strip of metal that is fixed to the ceiling with self-tapping screws. For the fastening to be reliable, you need to drill two holes in the ceiling. Plastic chopiks are hammered into the holes, to which the bar is attached with self-tapping screws. Self-tapping screws, entering the chopiks, expand them, which makes such a fastening even more reliable.

Photo: fixing the chandelier with a strip

After the strip is fixed to the ceiling, you need to connect the wires to the chandelier. Here it is better to use the services of an assistant who will hold the product. Although, you can temporarily hang the chandelier at some distance from the ceiling using a strong and thin nylon rope. And having connected the wires, outweigh it as it should hang. In this case, all the work can be done by one person.

You should always use a stepladder for this kind of work. There is no need to put stools, tables, etc. on top of each other. This is dangerous for your health.

The fastening of the wires can be different. On modern products, special couplings are sometimes made at the ends of the wires. The wires that protrude from the ceiling are inserted into these sleeves and secured with a bolt. If there are no couplings, then the ends of the wiring and the wires of the chandelier are simply twisted together. They curl exactly. You cannot connect wires simply by making hooks at their ends, since the connection must be strong.

Photo: wire connections using a terminal block

Everything is insulated with high quality insulating tape. If the wires are copper, consisting of many cores, then before connecting all the cores must be twisted together. Of course, the ends of the wires must first be cleaned of insulation.

On the modern chandeliers at the ends of the wires there are special couplings for connection: you just need to squeeze the spring with a button or a lever, insert the wire and that's it!

After the wires are fastened and insulated, you need to lift the chandelier and hang it on the bar. Usually, there is no difficulty with this. Each chandelier has a decorative cover with which you can close the ends of the wires. This work is facilitated when, when channeled, in the place where the chandelier will hang, provide an additional recess.

How to hang a chandelier on a hook

If fastening to the bar is not provided, then a hole is drilled in the ceiling, a plastic chopik is driven into it, and a hook is screwed into it. Typically, the claw is equipped with a special retainer that is driven into drilled hole and further expands the strut by screwing it in. The concrete ceiling is drilled with a victory drill to a depth of about 7-8 cm.

The task becomes more complicated when, having come home with a new thing, you find that the new chandelier is attached to the bar, and a hook sticks out of the ceiling after the old one. How to hang a chandelier with a bar on a hook, where to start?

If the hook is built into the floor slab during construction and is located in a recess, then you can use it to your advantage as additional installation strength. Take the steel wire and fasten it to the hook in such a way that two free edges come off, pass them through the holes for fastening on the bar, tighten the wire, pressing the rail to the ceiling, fix it. Then screw the strip to the ceiling using fasteners with a smaller diameter than the hole for it, putting on a washer at the beginning.

In a situation where the hook still gets in the way, bend it with a hammer to the ceiling and attach the chandelier to the mounting plate.

How to hang a chandelier on a hook?

If the hook was not provided for by the construction, then it is easier than ever to make it, given the material of the floor.

When installing to a concrete ceiling, you need to drill a hole with a 7-8 cm long drill bit, insert a plastic dowel, and screw a threaded metal hook into it until it stops. Such fasteners will withstand a chandelier no heavier than 4 kg.

If the ceiling is wooden, screw the hook without a dowel, directly into the ceiling.

Can a ceiling chandelier be hung on a hook if the ceiling is plasterboard?

You can, only you need to screw the hook into the main ceiling, and fill the height between the base and drywall with a metal chain and hang the chandelier on the link.

When the weight of the chandelier exceeds 5 kg, for installation you need to purchase anchor bolts with a spacer hook with a diameter of 10-12 mm. Drill a hole for the anchor of the required diameter, insert the mount, knock on it and turn it all the way. When clamped, such bolts expand along the entire length and provide reliable fastening - the chandelier will hang for years.

The installation of a new chandelier is a rather important and significant event. Before hanging it, you need to assemble it correctly. However, most products have a fairly simple device, so this step can be skipped. To figure out how to hang a chandelier, you need to determine the type of ceiling covering, as well as the method of fixing the lighting fixture.

Wire connection

It is worth starting with elementary actions. Before starting work, you should ask a few questions:

• how many keys to install the switch;
• how many wires will go from the ceiling.

If there are only two wires, you do not have to think about the possibility of turning on individual parts of the luminaire using a two-button switch. Without the presence of a third wire, such a task would be impossible.

If you have three wires and want to turn on the light in different parts chandeliers in different time, the wires that go to the socket, and the ground are collected in 1 bundle. The rest are divided into 2 other bundles.

Attention! It is important to ensure good wire contact. Otherwise, the wires will become very hot, and the housekeeper will be out of order.

In order to carry out the work, you should prepare the following tools:

• screwdriver not big size;
• open-end wrench for 12;
• indicator screwdriver;
• pliers;
• terminal block.

The key must be collected for one task - during the assembly of the chandelier itself. An indicator screwdriver is needed in order to determine where the wire is connected. If the tool lights up from touching its tip, then it is working.

After that, you need to touch the end of the screwdriver to the chuck. The free hand is used to hold the wires. If you touch one of them with a screwdriver, the indicator built into the tool will light up. Wires in the same color will be ground.

Bundles that are separated must be inserted into terminal block and secure.

Chandelier installation

To understand how to hang a chandelier, you need to choose how to mount it. There are 2 main options:

• on the fixing bar;
• on the hook.

Hanging a chandelier on a hook is one of the oldest and most common options. Today this method is used less often. However, there are still a lot of chandeliers that have such attachments.

Some DIYers can solve this problem on their own. They simply change the plastic hook for a homemade one that is made from a welding electrode.

The fixing strip is a special product for ceiling mounting. It is usually sold complete with a chandelier. Before installation, the bar must be in the right way prepared. It is necessary to fix the screws on it so that the caps are in the inner part of the bar. However, you should not pinch them. Then you need to insert the strip into the chandelier. This must be done in a certain way. The strip should be flush with the edges of the luminaire bowl. It is also possible that it will be below the edges of the bowl.

After completing the check, it is necessary to tighten the screws in the bar to avoid twisting them. Then the strip is applied to the ceiling in order to mark the attachment points. After that, holes for dowels are drilled in the ceiling. With their help, a bar is installed, and then mounted hanging chandelier... In the presence of wooden base the ceiling should be fastened with self-tapping screws.

Connection

Checking the presence of voltage is quite simple. To determine it, you should use an indicator screwdriver. When touched with a sting to the wires, it should not glow. After the power is turned on, the indicator will show the voltage on only 2 wires. The rest is "ground". It must be connected to a common beam.

Attention! You cannot mount a housekeeper if the lamp was connected through a special device that regulates the brightness of the glow.

To figure out how to hang a chandelier on different ceilings, it is worth getting to know their types and features.

Chandelier with power supply

Often, owners of apartments or private houses want to increase the brightness of the glow using more powerful lamps. As a result of such modifications, the pendant chandelier may cease to function. To protect the transformer, it is worth monitoring the total electricity consumption of all lamps. It needs to be less than the output power of the device.

For halogen lamps, the pendant chandelier is connected to a transformer. This avoids overheating and explosion of light bulbs. This is because halogen products are rated for 12V.

Important! If a direct connection is made, the bulbs must be rated at 220V. If the condition is not met, the halogen lamps will simply explode.

It is worth remembering that all wires are carefully insulated. It is necessary to check their integrity throughout. This condition is mandatory requirement security.

Fastening to concrete slab

To carry out the installation of the chandelier on the bar, you should first mark the location of its installation. To do this, you need to drill holes for fasteners. When making a ceiling made of slabs with voids, you should check how thick the concrete is in the place where you will be drilling. In some cases, you have to step aside in order to secure the dowel more securely.

If it is impossible to hammer a dowel in a certain area of ​​the ceiling, you can simply change the position of the planks. You can also insert a wooden lath into the cavity of the slab. In this case, the bar is screwed in with screws. To perform such work, it is necessary to prepare the appropriate tools:

• puncher;
• anchors, dowels or screws;
• victorious drill;
• screwdriver.

Note! Before starting drilling, care must be taken that the tool is not dusty. Also, debris should not fall on it. To protect the hammer drill, you will need to install a disposable cup on the drill. You can also use half a rubber ball as protection.

It is worth remembering that the bar must be fastened carefully, without extra effort... Otherwise, it can be bent. The part is installed depending on the selected method of fastening. An impact drill can be used instead of a hammer drill. However, it is worth choosing it taking into account the capacity and volume of the proposed work.

Plasterboard ceiling

What are the features of hanging a chandelier on plasterboard ceiling? It is important to keep it attractive appearance as well as high mechanical strength... To do this, you need to determine what type of chandelier will be. There are several guidelines:

• The place where the large pendant chandelier will be installed should be strengthened with metal profile... This work is done even when creating the final ceiling frame.
• If you are installing a small chandelier, you should purchase special fasteners. These include butterflies and folding dowels. In this case, amplification is not required.

When working, it is worth following the safety requirements. Electrical system must be de-energized and ceiling structure installed as firmly as possible.

Attention! If it is impossible to de-energize the room, it is necessary to work with rubber gloves. This will ensure complete safety of the installer. Also, all work should be carried out only with high-quality tools.

Drywall is highly durable, which allows installation directly to the material. However, in this case, there are corresponding restrictions:

• Since a drywall sheet is able to withstand a load of up to 6 kg / sq. m, you should prefer a chandelier, which is lightweight.
• It should also be noted that gypsum plasterboard may become deformed during the repair of the device. For example, when a lamp needs to be replaced, the chandelier should be handled with great care. Also, do not frequently change the pendant. In addition, it is impossible to make new ones next to the old holes for fixing the chandelier.

First, you need to consider the main options for attaching a pendant chandelier. First, a hole is made in the ceiling material, into which a dowel is then inserted.

Attention! The spring fastening element should be tightened with a nut. The butterfly is tightened with a self-tapping screw. A click will be heard. There is a hook included with the dowel. After such work, you can mount the chandelier. Then the connection is made.

The wiring is connected while holding the chandelier to the ceiling. Only after that suspension device can be fully attached to the ceiling. This kind of work is best done by 2 people. One will hold the chandelier, the other will connect the electrical wiring. If no help is implied, it is best to make a small hook to temporarily hang the chandelier. This will eliminate mechanical damage to the suspended product.

Stretch ceiling

If the ceiling is stretched, it is worth considering in advance what type of pendant chandelier will be installed. You also need to decide on the mounting of the lighting device.

In order not to spoil the appearance of the ceiling, as well as not to violate its integrity, you should choose the right chandelier. It can be designed for both energy-saving bulbs and incandescent bulbs. In the latter case, the cartridges should look to the side, not up. They should also be hidden in the ceiling. In the case of the energy-saving option, the pendant chandelier will not heat up.

Attention! When hanging the luminaire from a tensioning structure, remember that from high temperature its surface may deform. To avoid this, it is better to screw the bulbs into the LED holders.

In addition, the base of the lighting structure should be checked before starting work. If it has sharp edges, the film can easily tear. There are several ways to mount a chandelier to a stretch ceiling:

• If the apartment is installed stretch ceiling, The best decision- hang the chandelier on the hook. This method will be the simplest and most reliable. However, this method can only be used with hanging chandeliers.
• If over tensile structure located concrete slab, and the hook is already fixed by the builders, it is necessary to determine the height of its installation. It may not have been selected correctly.
• If you need to change the location of the chandelier hook, use an anchor to install a new fastener. The old one is cut with a grinder.
• There is also another way - a wooden insert is mounted at the point where the chandelier is attached. The hook is fixed on it.

Chandelier is not just ordinary lighting fixture, which is an attribute of any interior. She also plays the role of an additional decorative element... Fashion does not stand still; for the sake of it, it often has to change the chandelier when repairing or changing the environment. However, it is not necessary to resort to the help of outsiders, you can hang the lamp from the ceiling yourself, the main thing is to follow the algorithm of work.
And even if you never happen to fix the lamp to the ceiling yourself, it will not be superfluous to at least just know how to do it correctly in order to be able to control the work of employees. Therefore, let's figure out how to hang a chandelier so that it is reliable and safe.

The basics

Initially, the installation of the chandelier begins with an inspection of the existing fixing system.
According to the type of attachment, there are three types of suspension - they are used most often (meaning precisely for chandeliers).

• mounting on heavy-duty ceiling-mounted hooks.
• suspension on the mounting bar.
• installation on an extended platform

Mount installation

The first option is most suitable for massive lamps with a leg or suspended on a chain (or wire) different lengths... The hook is able to withstand constant, substantial loads. Previously, it was always built in by default - even at the stage of laying floor slabs. Today builders do not always do this.
Modern lamp models are made, as a rule, of lightweight materials, and it is not at all necessary to make powerful fasteners for them. In addition, usually the hook is located clearly in the center of the room, and designers often shift the visual center or zone the space with the help of lighting. And then what to do with the ugly hook, which is tightly mounted in the ceiling?
Therefore, in the buildings of a new model, new settlers, at their discretion, plan the location of the chandelier, shifting it in the desired direction. For the suspension of the luminaire, a simple and reliable fastening bar(shown in the second photo), which successfully copes with light loads. This mounting option allows you to use flat models of lamps, which, according to the idea, should fit closely to the ceiling. Such systems can be mounted on suspended ceiling structures.
The latter type is used on hollow stretch and plasterboard ceilings. By themselves, these materials are not strong and stable, so the holder (in the form of a wooden block, for example) is attached directly to concrete slab... And then a lamp is suspended from it, flush with the suspended surface.
Holder profiles must be strictly parallel so that there is no increased load on one side. The only exception is a significant difference in the planes of the ceiling, when it is necessary to level the platform using suspensions of different heights.

Work safety

During work, you need to remember three main rules: adhere to the basics of safety precautions, observe polarity when connecting wires and use reliable fastening... These prescriptions, like the three whales, must be strictly observed.
In addition, in order to correctly (and without health consequences) carry out the installation ceiling lamp remember also the recommendations below.

The most important thing is to ensure absolute safety at work. This means that you need to replace the lamp during the day in order to be able to completely de-energize the apartment throughout the entire installation period.

Even if the circuit is de-energized, be sure to check it with a special tester screwdriver with a built-in light bulb. Sometimes the residual stress can hit very hard.

Always de-energize and check the lighting circuit when hanging fixtures from the ceiling. Fastening chandeliers is work at height, so even a slight electric shock is enough to get more serious injury when falling from a ladder.

New chandelier and old wiring

You need to be especially careful if your wiring is old and made of aluminum wire. Ideally, it should be completely replaced with copper, with a large cross section. This is absolutely justified, since much lower rated loads were previously placed on the chain. Therefore, it would be correct to expand its bandwidth. If it is not possible to change the wiring, then protect yourself as much as possible by following our recommendations.
Remember - never connect directly copper wires chandeliers with thick cable aluminum wiring. In close contact, both substances react, and as a result of corrosion, there is a real threat of a short circuit, and, as a result, a fire.
Therefore, put insulating soldering on the copper wires, and only then screw them to the aluminum ones. Thus, all three wires are processed, for fidelity, additionally solder all the joints (especially if the chandelier is installed in wet rooms, such as a bathroom). And it is better to use special clamping terminals that provide a safe and reliable connection. Models their mass and cost is very small.
Do not be lazy to ground both the lamp itself and the switch. This will minimize the risk of electric shock if the neighbors suddenly flood you.

Let's analyze the features of the installation in rooms with different starting conditions in order to carry out the installation correctly. We present three main types of ceilings: concrete, tension and plasterboard.

Concrete ceilings

Chandelier hook

The most common option for attaching chandeliers to concrete surfaces- regular hooks. If you do not have a hook, or after a long time it has become unreliable, it is better to play it safe and change it, strengthening the structure properly.
To do this, you will have to re-embroider the seams between the plates, going slightly to the sides. A strong metal plate (or pin) is inserted into the resulting opening - it is much easier to do this if the floors are hollow. For wet rooms it will not be superfluous to treat the plate with any enamel paint, then it will corrode less.

Then the hook itself clings to the plate. As a result, it turns out reliable system capable of withstanding heavy loads.
Durable concrete base allows you to use the other two methods of fastening, if suddenly there is a need for this.

Stretch ceiling

Many inexperienced craftsmen often have a question - how to hang a chandelier on a tension surface (canvas or PVC film)?
In fact, if you have a stretch ceiling installed in your room, you can fix the chandelier as described above. With the only amendment that you need to hang the lamp away from the canvas so that the heated lamps do not touch the bulb's surface with the bulbs. However, most often installers resort to the third type of fastening - with platform extension.
In order to attach the chandelier flush with the canvas, you will need to do strong frame... It could be simple wooden block installed flush with the film surface. Screwed onto it with self-tapping screws mounting plate... The fastening of all elements of the base must be rigid so that the vibrations of the tension film do not cause the luminaire to dangle.

Fixing the chandelier

In addition, special spacers are installed on both sides of the stretch film, which reinforce the perforation site. They prevent the canvas from stretching under its own weight, and also serve as a thermal insulating layer that protects the canvas from heating. They look like rings. The one that needs to be attached from the outside is usually transparent and cannot be seen at all behind decorative overlay chandeliers.

Stretch ceiling preparation

The wires also need to be well insulated at the connections. And it is better to use special clamping terminals that connect and seal the joints with high quality.

Plasterboard ceilings

You can attach a chandelier to a plasterboard ceiling using the same technology as on a stretch one. The second type of attachment is also used - if you plan to install a heavy chandelier. Then a bar is used suitable size... It is attached to the ceiling using a special collet pin. It allows you to significantly enhance the potential of the structure.

Drywall mount

A mounting plate is screwed to the base, and almost any chandelier can be safely attached to it.

Low ceilings and other nuances

Usually than bigger room, so large sizes pendant lights can be installed. And they weigh a lot, and in fact represent a real danger to residents - in the event of an unforeseen breakage of fasteners and fall.
Depending on the type of chandeliers, there are some mounting features. For example, traditional hooks are not suitable for hanging flat luminaire models that do not have a rod. Therefore, if you have low ceilings, and you want to smooth out this flaw with a flat lamp, you will have to redo the mounting base. Change the massive hook to a flat bar. If the chandelier is small and light, it is enough to mount it on aluminum ceiling hangers.
A massive and heavy chandelier must be hung on a thick steel hook deeply embedded in the ceiling. Today you can buy a special, very easy-to-use and practical hook. It is equipped with spacer bars that unfold during installation - like butterfly wings, and do not allow the mount to dangle and fall out.
After installing such a hook, the hole surrounding it must be primed and cemented. Wait at least a day for the mixture to set. As a result, such a mount will be able to withstand even a heavy chandelier.

Fixing the chandelier

Please note that the wiring is not attached to the hook. A special chandelier holder is suspended on it, and the cables are freely, without tension, located next to or around.

Schemes

Another important point in the installation of a ceiling lamp is to connect the wires correctly. Typically, three wires are used in lighting systems: phase, earth, and neutral.
It's great if they differ in the color of the insulation - then you don't have to guess where which one.
The "phase" has brown (or black) insulation, the yellow braid can be used to identify the ground, and "zero" is usually blue. In high-quality chandelier models, the wires are always marked different colors so that there is no need to "ring" where is the phase, where is zero. Then your task is reduced to connecting the wiring with the luminaire cables - by color.
If all three cables look the same, you will have to experimentally determine where the "phase" is. It can be identified by holding an indicator screwdriver in turn to each wire. When the light comes on - this cable is the "phase". Although this popular method is far from safe, it is better to use a special tester. To avoid confusion, mark the cables with a colored marker or electrical tape.

When it is planned to install a luminaire with the most simple control- a one-button switch is sufficient. The lighting circuit assembly diagram is as follows:

Single switch

If you want to be able to turn on each lamp separately (or all together) - put two-button switch... Then the connection diagram will look like this (for example, a chandelier with three bulbs is taken).

Double switch

By analogy, a three-key switch is installed.
Before twisting (or terminal connection), strip 3-4 cm of wires from insulation. Do this carefully so as not to damage individual wires. It is better to use a special insulation stripper for this.
Now you can connect the luminaire, it will be correct to first connect the "zero", and then the "phase". If you have three wires in the circuit (that is, an additional ground is laid), then the corresponding cables with yellow insulation are also simply connected in pairs.

Finishing repairs or moving to new apartment, many inexperienced builders ask themselves: a how to hang a chandelier to the ceiling? Let's make a reservation right away that this is difficult only at first glance. But after mastering the initial skills of fixing the chandelier, the problems will disappear by themselves.

Note! Of course, you can always go to the housing office and call an electrician to your house who will do everything for you, but this option is definitely not ours (we do everything with our own hands!), Especially in such a simple matter.

The electrical aspect of the question

You most likely saw a hole in the ceiling from which wires stick out (usually three - two phases and one zero). First, determine "xy from xy", for which take an induction screwdriver and touch the wires one by one. And if the light in the screwdriver lights up, then the cable is phase, and if not, then, accordingly, zero.

Note! Use a screwdriver to touch only the bare part of the wire, and in the absence of such, perform a stripping, having previously de-energized it (using a switch or a shield in the entrance).

Then do the same with the chandelier - determine by ringing or "by eye" all the wires. If there are several lamps in the chandelier, then put the switch on two keys and make sure that when one button is pressed, only part of the lamps is lit, and when the second is pressed, the entire chandelier is lit. This can be done by a special connection of wires through terminal blocks, shown in more detail in the diagram.

Video - Correct connection of the chandelier

Having decided on the wires, you can hang the chandelier: zero to zero, phase to phase.

How to hang a chandelier correctly?

Now that everything is clear with the "electrical" question, you can hang the chandelier. This can be done in one of two ways - on a hook or on a decorative strip. Let's talk about each of the methods.

We hang the chandelier on the hook

Take and drill small hole in the ceiling. If there is such a hole, simply insert a plastic dowel there and screw in the previously prepared hook. Connect the wires, wrap the joints with insulating tape, cover everything with a decorative "cup" (it should be included in the kit) and make a test switch.

We hang the chandelier on the decorative strip

To hang the chandelier in this way, you again need a hammer drill. First, attach the strip to the place of the planned attachment and mark the places for the holes. Make holes of the appropriate diameter, insert plastic dowels there (only be sure to grooved!).

In the next step, take self-tapping screws or screws and use them to screw the decorative strip to the ceiling. As in the previous version, connect the pre-prepared wires, fix the chandelier and cover everything with a decorative "cup".

Video - Installing a chandelier

This concludes the lesson, now you know how to hang a chandelier right and what is needed for this. And remember about safety precautions. Happy work!

How to choose the right chandelier
How to choose the right one gas water heater
How to properly apply liquid wallpaper to the wall?