Warm plaster on the sales market appeared not so long ago. But for some jobs, it will simply not be replaceable.

Today we will consider warm plasters, you will learn their application and instructions will be given on the application rules. Also in the video in this article you can see the range of products offered and be able to make the right choice.

Material types

Kinds warm plaster divided according to the use of the components.

If we look, we can see the following:

• The basis of one of the types of warm plaster is expanded vermiculite., which is a mineral additive obtained as a result of a special heat treatment of a rock of volcanic origin. Vermiculite fillers have antiseptic properties and can be used both indoors and outdoors.
• The basis of the following type of heat-insulating plaster is paper, sawdust, clay and cement. This composition does not allow it to be used outside buildings, but is excellent for indoor use.

Consumption ecology.Usadba:Insulating plaster is easy to use, easy to apply, dries quickly. You don't need any additional skills to use it. Warm plaster will not only create additional thermal insulation, but also align the walls.

If you pay attention to the multilayer structure that you have to create indoors or on the facade of buildings to keep them warm, there is always a desire to simplify it. Should be modern materials, which will help facilitate the work of plasterers and finishers, while increasing the speed of work.The main thing is that their quality does not suffer.

Currently, in the construction of residential buildings and apartment buildings not used brickwork, a monolithic slabs. The heat and sound insulation of such houses is not so good, so when buying an apartment, the question becomes how to create additional insulation. After all, no one wants to hear what their neighbors are doing or freeze on the cold floor. In this case, one of the methods of insulation is heat-insulating plaster. It consists on the basis of cement with special additives that endow it with such properties. This method of insulation is simple and economical. After all, apart from the material itself, you do not need anything else.

Insulating plaster is easy to use, easy to apply, dries quickly. You don't need any additional skills to use it. Warm plaster will not only create additional thermal insulation, but also align the walls. Such versatility makes it possible to distinguish this material from a number of others. In addition to the fact that heat-insulating plaster will insulate your home, it will also save energy resources of the entire building. This is especially true in our time, when prices for different kind public Utilities are growing every day. Heat-insulating plaster will not only reduce heating costs, but also reduce the number of special additional materials to insulate the building. Warm plaster is applicable not only for interior decoration but also for outdoor work.

How to replace, for example, the wall insulation with polystyrene boards that has become common? The way out was found - insulating plaster. The process, it must be said right away, is more laborious, but the effect of it is much higher. The use of building dry mixes for outdoor work has again shown a wide range of applications, and you can buy them today in stores and on construction markets is not difficult.

In order to replace 2 standard insulating layers, consisting of a fixing mesh and insulation, with insulating plaster, there are the following ways:

Take dry building mix, which is based on cement, but, it should use perlite sand instead of the usual one. In addition, the composition should contain a powder of pumice, expanded vermiculite, expanded clay chips, sawdust or expanded polystyrene balls. These components give the plaster good insulating properties. Gradually, the sand is already being replaced with foam glass in granules.

Use special insulating plaster boards. They are usually used in construction not often because of mistrust. Many cannot decide whether it can really become an alternative to conventional insulation or a dry mix. Although manufacturers strongly advise this way insulation, hoping that over time the builders will believe in it. published

Warm plaster for interior work is a relatively young construction material, which simultaneously performs three functions: aligns and decorates the walls, and also provides a comfortable indoor temperature. Some types of this material also have soundproofing properties.

Most often, heat-insulating plaster for interior work consists of the following substances:

1. Fillers. They can be very diverse: from sawdust to foamed polystyrene.
2. Astringent component. Most often, cement grade 400 or 500 is used. Gypsum and slaked lime are also used, but extremely rarely.
3. Additional components. Used to increase viscosity, plasticity and water repellency.

The composition of warm plaster most often includes cement, additional components and a filler, on which the level of thermal insulation depends

Varieties of material

Main performance characteristics plasters depend on the type of filler:

• Styrofoam. It has the same level of thermal insulation as foam. In addition, its cost is relatively low. But the material is highly flammable, and when burned, it releases harmful substances.
• Sawdust. This is the most cheap material which is considered environmentally friendly. The level of thermal insulation is low, but you can use it to make warm plasters yourself.
• Perlite. This material obtained from a natural substance - volcanic glass. The substance is processed high temperatures, as a result of which it acquires a porous structure. Perlite is resistant to temperature extremes, pathogens, it is easy to process and lay, but at the same time it absorbs moisture well.
• Vermiculite. It is made from mica. The main advantages are fire safety, mechanical strength and biological safety. But just like the previous material, vermiculite has a high level of hygroscopicity.
• Foam glass. It is made from quartz sand. Compared to the above materials, foam glass loses in terms of thermal insulation. But it can be used for finishing wet rooms.

Types of fillers for heat-insulating plaster

Advantages and disadvantages

Insulating plaster has the following positive aspects:

1. High level of thermal insulation. plaster layer 5 cm has the same thermal insulation value as two rows of bricks.
2. Good level of soundproofing.
3. Fire safety. Most of the materials that are used for insulation are non-flammable. The exception is expanded polystyrene, but it is not very popular.
4. Relatively light weight. This type finishing material lighter than most conventional plasters, so the walls and base of the house will not be unduely affected.
5. Adhesion. Warm plaster mixtures have good adhesion to most building materials.
6. Environmental friendliness. In most cases, substances of natural origin are used for the manufacture of this material.
7. Ease of installation. Such plaster is applied in a thin layer, so the installation of a reinforcing mesh is not required.

The main disadvantage is the fact that warm plaster loses a little to standard heaters in terms of thermal conductivity. In addition, mixtures are quite expensive.

Brief overview of prefabricated plasters

Knauf Grünband. Plasters of this brand are considered the highest quality and most popular on modern market. This material is made on the basis of cement, and expanded polystyrene with a fraction of about 1.5 mm acts as a filler. In addition, the composition contains additional components that increase performance. finished coatings. After drying, the plaster is not afraid of water and has a structural coating. The thermal conductivity of the mixture is 0.55 W/m°C. Minimum Thickness layer - 10 mm, maximum - 30 mm. The material can be applied manually or with a machine. Supplied in 25 kg bags average consumption is 12 kg per square meter with a layer of 10 mm.

Knauf Grűnband - warm plaster filled with polystyrene foam

AuBenputzPerlit FS-402. Lightweight plaster based on Portland cement to which perlite is added. The mixture was developed specifically for finishing cellular concrete surfaces, but it can be used on any surface, including old plaster. Insulated surfaces do not have the highest thermal conductivity - 0.16 W / m ° C. The filler fraction does not exceed 0.6 mm, resulting in a textured coating that requires further decoration. The maximum layer is 50 mm, and the consumption is 10 kg per square meter with a layer of 10 mm.

AuBenputzPerlit FS-402 - heat-insulating composition with perlite filler

Unis Teplon. Quite a popular material that is intended exclusively for internal surfaces. It is made on the basis of gypsum and perlite. The maximum layer without the use of a reinforcing mesh is 50 mm, with a mesh - 70 mm. After drying, a coating is obtained, which is not necessary to be subjected to further finishing. The mixture comes in two varieties: gray and white. It can be used to prepare the base for wallpaper or paint. The thermal conductivity of the plaster is 0.23 W / m ° C. The material is packaged in bags of 5, 15 and 25 kg, the consumption is 8 kg per square meter.

Unis Teplon - plaster with a gypsum base and perlite filler

De Luxe Teplolux. Warm plaster based on cement with the addition of foam glass with a fraction of 3 mm. After drying, the surface requires further finishing. The recommended layer is 40 mm, it will dry in 28 days. Mixtures are packaged in bags of 12 kg, the consumption is approximately 5 kg per square meter.

De Luxe Teplolux - warm plaster with foam glass filler

Paladium Palaplaster-207. The main advantage of this material is high level sound absorption. It is made from cement and foam glass. Typically, plaster is used to create rough surfaces for wallpapering or painting. The solution dries fairly quickly: 2-3 days. The consumption is only 4 kg per square meter, and it is supplied in 12 kg bags.

Paladium Palaplaster-207 – heat-insulating mixture filled with foam glass

Umka UB-21 ТМ. This material has been specially developed for cold winter conditions - it withstands 35 freeze / thaw cycles. It is produced on the basis of cement and lime, to which foam glass granules are added. After drying, the plaster requires further finishing. The uniqueness of the material lies in the fact that, provided that a reinforcing mesh is used, the layer of material can reach up to 100 mm. The plaster is supplied in bags of 7 kg, and the consumption is 3.5 kg per square meter.

Umka UB-21 TM - foam glass filled plaster

ThermoUm. Can be used for indoor and outdoor work. The material dries for at least 28 days, after which you can start finishing it. After drying, the coating acquires the ability to absorb moisture accumulated near the wall itself and release it into the air, which ensures long term surface operation. Mixes are supplied in bags of 7 kg, and the consumption is only 3 kg per square meter.

ThermoUm - warm plaster that has a long service life

On a note! You should not make a conclusion about the purchase of a certain type of plaster, based only on consumption or cost indicators. The lower the consumption, the more expensive each kilogram of dry mix will cost, so it is better to carry out a full calculation in advance and decide on the budget.

How to prepare plaster with your own hands

The prices for ready-made compositions are quite high, and if you look at the cost of individual components, then the idea arises to make a mixture with your own hands. It is only important to remember that inaccuracies in the production process can significantly affect the quality of the finished coating. Do-it-yourself warm plaster is prepared according to several recipes.

The first version of the solution is 1 part of cement, 1 part of ordinary building sand, 4 parts perlite. All calculations are based on the volume, not the mass of materials. You will also need water, but its exact amount is almost impossible to name. The result should be a mixture with the consistency of thick sour cream. In some cases, the proportions change, for example, 1 part of cement, 1 part of sand and 5 parts of perlite, as well as 1:2:3, respectively. It is also permissible to add PVA glue, but not more than 1% of total weight solution.

Most often, polystyrene foam or perlite is used for home-made warm plaster.

The second option involves the presence of plasticizers. It is possible to insulate with such compositions internal surfaces any type. For the manufacture of this plaster, the first step is to prepare a special solution. Carboxymethylcellulose, as well as plasticizers, the total amount of which should not exceed 1%, are dissolved in a small amount of water. All this must be thoroughly mixed and let the solution brew. Then 1 part of the solution is mixed with 1 part of cement, 2 parts of perlite and 2 parts of sand are added. Thoroughly mix until a homogeneous material with the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained, after which it must immediately be used for its intended purpose.

Should know! The above recipes are approximate. The exact proportions depend on the quality of the materials used to make the plaster, the accuracy of the measurements, the composition of the water, and so on. In the factory, all this can be controlled, but not at home. Therefore, you need to be prepared for the fact that the ideal formula will have to be derived by trial and error.

Warm plasters are a good option for those who want to abandon the use of standard heaters and at the same time decorate their home. Such compositions are not cheap, but you can save a lot if you cook everything yourself.

For insulating walls from the inside without losing usable area rooms optimally use warm plaster. It is effective for both outdoor and indoor work. In cases where it is necessary to insulate the wall in the apartment, this method is ideal.

Varieties of plaster compositions

The composition of traditional plaster includes:

• Binder (cement, gypsum);
• Fine filler (sand);
• Water.

For thermal insulation internal walls a classic solution can be used, but it will have to be applied in a thick layer up to 10 cm. To obtain a more effective result, the sand filler is partially or completely replaced with components that can better retain heat:

• Shredded foam;
• Vermiculite (granular material obtained by firing hydrated mica);
• Perlite (a mineral of volcanic origin).

A layer of plaster with these fillers at the same thickness will give a greater effect than using a traditional mortar, and by reducing the layer, you can get the best heat transfer effect of the wall.

Ready-made plaster compositions for internal thermal insulation produced mainly on perlite. It has a relatively small bulk density- 200…400 kg/m3. It is slightly less in vermiculite - about 100 kg / m3. Perlite is used more often due to its low cost.

Both cement and gypsum can be used as a binder for wall insulation with warm plaster from the inside. In the first case, the wall will turn out to be stronger, but it will require more careful cladding, since the cement is gray, you will have to heavily cover the color, for example, with gypsum putty. Gypsum is suitable only for interior work, in itself it has a low thermal conductivity, which further enhances the effect of thermal insulation.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

The advantages, of course, include:

• Low thermal conductivity;
• Sufficient layer strength;
• Small application thickness (no more than 5 cm);
• Reinforcement is not required during application.

The main disadvantage of the coating, which must be taken into account, is the high hygroscopicity of mineral heat-insulating plasters. Gypsum, perlite and vermiculite are porous materials that can absorb a significant amount of water. Key recommendations for this:

• In damp rooms (bathrooms, showers) reinforced waterproofing of the wall is required. Moisture-resistant putties, ceramic linings are suitable for this.
• In corridors, kitchens and rooms, it is enough to maintain normal humidity of no more than 60%. Use primer for extra protection deep penetration under wallpaper or decorative plasters.

Slaked lime will also help reduce the hygroscopicity of the composition. It does not affect the thermal conductivity of the layer, but significantly reduces the absorption of moisture and improves the plasticity of the solution.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

The cost of ready-made mixtures is high, it is much cheaper to make the blank yourself. Thus, you can save a lot, especially if you need to insulate all the walls in a house or apartment. An additional bonus of large volumes of work is a high (total) consumption of material, i.e. it is unlikely that you will have half a bag of unnecessary cement if you immediately calculate everything correctly and buy the right amount of components.

What you need:

• Cement brand M150-M200. It is so inexpensive - about 150-250 rubles per bag of 50 kg;
• Perlite (M75-M100) costs about 100 rubles per 50 kg;
• Vermiculite will cost more - about 450-500 rubles per 50 kg;
• Slaked lime - about 120 rubles per 20 kg;
• Reclaimed building sand - 100 rubles per 50 kg;
• Water - from the tap on the counter.

Cooking technology:

1. The first step is to take the right amount of water. It should be at room temperature.
2. Dry ingredients can be mixed in advance.
3. A dry mixture is added to the water in portions, each input must be thoroughly mixed with a construction mixer or a drill with the same nozzle. A whisk can be bought at any store construction equipment and equipment.

How to make warm plaster yourself: recipes

Components should be purchased based on the selected composition.

• 1) Simple composition: cement, sand and perlite are taken in a ratio of 1: 1: 4, the mixture is closed the right amount water to the working consistency of thick sour cream.
• 2) For a large amount of work, you can prepare a solution of 190 kg of cement, 1 m3 of perlite or vermiculite, 270 liters of water. The volume should be divided into equal parts before kneading, since the finished solution sets after 2-3 hours.
• 3) A solution with a plasticizer is prepared from 1 part of cement, 4 parts of perlite, 0.9 parts of water, 1 m3 of perlite will require 4-5 liters of PVA glue, which acts as a plasticizer. PVA should be diluted in the water with which the mixture will be closed.
• 4) Sand-perlite mortar is prepared from 1 part of cement, 2 parts of sand, 3 - perlite. The amount of glue should be 1/100 of the amount of cement, i.e. per 100 kg of binder 1 kg of glue. The mixture is closed with water to a working state.
• 5) Cement and perlite in a ratio of 1:4 are mixed with water with PVA in the amount of glue 1% by weight of the binder.
• 6) Cement-lime mortar with insulating granules is prepared in the proportion of lime - 1 part, cement - 1 part, perlite sand - up to 5 parts. This plaster is perfect for wet rooms.

Solutions on a gypsum binder are prepared in a similar way without the use of glue.

PVA glue can be replaced with liquid soap, dishwashing detergent or specialized superplasticizers, which are sold in hardware stores. The latter should be used according to the instructions.

Warm plaster based on perlite is low cost, this filler can be replaced with more expensive vermiculite, then the layer weight will be less, and the coating efficiency will improve markedly. Cheap foam in granules can also replace perlite, while the thermal conductivity of the plaster will not increase. The only caveat is that polystyrene can evaporate harmful substances with significant heating, therefore it is rarely used for residential premises. This does not mean that it is forbidden to use, on the contrary, for cool rooms and walls where there is no heating from the sun, this filler will be a good ingredient.

Overview of popular warm mixes

If self-assembly of the components confuses you, you can always purchase a ready-made mixture in the store. It is important here not to run into a fake and low-quality material. To avoid such troubles, carefully read the information on the package, it always indicates the characteristics of the composition, method and place of application.

To facilitate the choice, here are the 5 most popular dry mixes for making warm plaster.

Knauf Grünband	The German brand offers a mixture for the preparation of warm plaster based on cement and polystyrene granules. The material is suitable for indoor and outdoor use, the solution fits well on any base made of brick, concrete, stone, building blocks. Any cladding can be applied to the surface: tiles, plastering decorative materials, wallpapering, etc. To increase the effectiveness of adhesion, the manufacturer recommends that before applying the solution, treat the surface with a deep penetration primer on the appropriate material. Price plaster mixture Knakf Grünband - about 360-400 rubles per 25 kg bag.
	Warm plaster "Mishka" was developed in Russia, ideally adapted to the local climate. The coating does not pass water, has low thermal conductivity. 2 cm layer thickness is equivalent to brick wall 50 cm! The plaster is suitable for interior and facade work.
	Modern plaster based on cement and foam glass has excellent performance thermal conductivity and moisture resistance. Suitable for outdoor and internal use. For effective protection from cold and noise, a layer of 5 ... 40 mm is enough. The solution is light, does not require the arrangement of a powerful base and special training. It can be applied on uneven, but cleaned and primed surfaces made of bricks, all types of concrete and stone. Does not retain moisture, has breathable properties. Per effective material you will have to pay about 680 rubles for a bag of 12 kg.
	Warm plasters of the ThermoUm series from the Green House company have excellent sanitizing parameters, low thermal conductivity, do not retain moisture, and can be applied to any substrate. The products have been tested in European laboratories and have the appropriate quality certificates. Manufactured and delivered to order.
UNIS Teplon	Mix UNIS Teplon on a plaster basis - light warm plaster for internal works. Perfectly adapts to any type of surface, suitable for use in dry and wet rooms. The thickness of the layer to achieve insulating parameters is 5…50 mm, depending on the characteristics of the main wall. The main advantages of the composition are the absence of shrinkage and ease of application. You can buy a mixture of UNIS Teplon on a gypsum basis for 375 rubles (30 kg).

The technology of wall insulation with warm plaster from the inside

wall insulation with inside premises according to standard scheme as follows:

• 1) The surface is cleaned of old finish;
• 2) A primer is made with a deep penetration composition;
• 3) The first layer of plaster is applied. If a thick coat is to be applied, the first coat should be thin, spraying is recommended: dilute the solution to liquid state(like liquid sour cream), drops are applied to the surface of the wall with a brush or brush. After they dry, you can proceed to plastering;
• 4) The main layer is applied different methods. A thin coating does not require the installation of a grid, it is applied with a wide trowel or building rule. You should immediately make the surface even. If the layer is thick, it is advisable to stretch the mesh and fix it to the wall with dowels, even if the plaster manufacturer does not talk about it. Reinforcement is necessary for mortar layers from 50 mm.
• 5) When using gypsum plaster and its high-quality application, subsequent puttying is not required. When working with a cement composition, after 1-2 hours with significant irregularities or teals, you can take a brush, moisten it in water and slightly blur the irregularities. Do not be afraid to rub the wall - the cement has already set and only a surface that is not sufficiently leveled will get wet. Then spatulation should be done.

This algorithm is valid in cases where repairs are made for the purpose of insulation in a finished building with an insulated facade. If the house is just being built, it is necessary to provide for a sufficient thickness of the wall or its high-quality insulation from the outside, since the inside alone cannot protect the room from heat loss.