Planning to grow your own bonsai at home, many stop their choice on the ficus. And this choice is really justified. Some types of ficus have all the characteristics that need to grow bonsai:

• branched roots;
• interesting, vesited, massive trunks are curved or corrugated;
• beautiful bark - bright and smooth in one species and more textured and colorful in others;
• rapid growth - grow bonsai from the ficus in two or three years;
• small leaves - not all ficuses have small leaves, but we will pick up the types of ficus suitable for creating bonsai.

The first step in the cultivation of Bonsai from Fikus - correctly pick up.

What types of ficus are suitable for creating bonsai?

There are several of them - these are ficuses:

• bengali (Ficus Benghalensis),
• benjamin (Ficus Benjamina),
• carica or fig (Ficus Carica)
• microcarp (Ficus MicroCarpa),
• temmer (Ficus Neriifolia),
• bottled / retusa (Ficus Retusa),
• rzavo-red (Ficus Rubiginosa),
• ginseng / Ginseng (Ficus Ginseng).

Let's look at photo Bonsaigrown from each suitable type of ficus and definitely decide on the view.

Photo bonsai from ficus.

Bonsai, grown from the Bengal Ficus.
Bonsai from Benjamin ficus.
Ficus karika bonsai.
Bonsai from a peculiar ficus.
Ficus microcharp bonsai.
Ficus Retus Bonsai.
Bonsai from rzavo-red ficus.
Ficus Ginseng Bonsai

Now that we decided on view of ficus, it's time to choose the form of bonsai, which you are striving, for it is impossible to create a bonsai, without having a concrete result before the eyes!

Form for bonsai ficus.

Usually for ficuses use one of the following forms of bonsai:

Upright, classic or t okkan. If you plan to grow your first bonsai - it is better to start with it. Tökkan is characterized by a straight trunk, thick branched roots and branches free from the bottom of the trunk. The number of branches is reduced up.

Wrong straight or MOYS.. The trunk of such bonsai is a little bent in one or several places. Krone does not go beyond the container. The overall position of the ficus remains vertical.

Inclined or Syanka. The barrel of the ficus is strongly tilted in one direction. On the reverse side of the roots as if taken out.

Split or Sokan.. Two trunks grow from a common root. The trunk is shorter - this is "child". The second trunk is "Parent". It is higher and thicker. The beauty and complexity of the sokana in the balance in the thickness and length of the trunks.

Mernel-like or Hokidati. Hokidati style is simple, but in fact complicated. IN best samples Branches and roots should diverge from the trunk equally.

Grove or ESUEUE. In one container there are one or different types of ficuses that differ in the age and thickness of the stems. The minimum number of ficuses is five.

1. formation of roots
2. formation of trunk and crown.

How to give a ficus bonsai fit?

Roots.

The right form of roots is attached by repeated trimming of the main escape. The plant grows not up, but in width. W. young ficus Crouchped roots and shoots and plan it in a wide container with good drainage.

Pruning branches and roots is carried out regularly until the trunk reaches the desired volume. Only then proceed to the next step - the formation of the shape of the barrel and crown. Consider the scheme for the formation of roots at bonsai.

Crown.

The desired shape of the leaves is attached by trimming. Ficus is a very fast-growing plant. It is necessary to crop it up to 2-4 leaves after 6-10 new leaves grow. When trimming, the ficus will "bleed" with milk juice, which is actually latex. Start cropping from below and move up the planned plan. Cutting the ficus branches, use special scissors or simply make concave cuts. Lubricate the places of the sections of the garden harr.

Use small sharp scissors to trim the bonsai. Cropped only stems, not leaves. Tripped leaves acquire an untidy appearance and bore. The biggest trimming must be made at the end of winter before the rapid spring growth. You can also trim in spring and summer. In the fall and winter trimming is stopped, as the plant is in rest.

Trunk.

The required shape of the trunk is given in several ways.

The first way - garter.

The top of the crown is attached to any part of the tree - more often to the base.

The second method is Use wire.

The shape of the barrel is formed using conventional wire. Use a thin wire with insulation. Do not use the wire immediately after the bonsai transplant. Too dense wrapping can lead to the formation of scars. Start at the base of the bonsai and wrap the wire around the trunk. Next, go on the branches. After about 6 -8 weeks, the ficus will be able to maintain the shape proposed on it, and the wire can be removed. Gently cut the wire. Do not try to unwind her - you will most likely break the branches.

This is how it is done. An example although not on the ficus, but visual.

Conditions of growing bonsai from ficus.

Location.

Ficus can be grown indoors, not far from the sunny window or on open air round year In the warm climate. Direct morning sunlight is preferable; Direct midday sun can sometimes be too much - it can burn gentle leaves. Ficuses do not like cold drafts and sharp changes in conditions. Make a change gradually.

Watering.

Bonsai trees live in small pots, and their soil dries much faster than in the usual pot with a soil. Therefore, on watering the ficus should be paid attention. Water bonsai every day, but in a little bit. Use the aerosol sprayer - it will facilitate life roots especially on hot days.

Leaves also need additional moisture to be greens and healthy. If you keep the bonsai from the ficus in the house - spray it every day. If in winter time Ficus stands near the battery, put a bowl of water near it, which, evaporating, will provide the bonsai with the necessary humidity.

Podkord.

Bonsai feeding is necessary for his health, because the nutrients in the soil are washed very quickly in conditions of abundant irrigation. When new leaves begin to appear in the spring - it's time to start feeding bonsai. Use liquid organic fertilizers Or chemical fertilizers diluted twice as much as indicated on the package. Feature bonsai from the ficus you need every two weeks during the growing season and once a month in winter. Ficus reacts to feeding quickly and enthusiastically.

Change Bonsai from Ficus.

Adult bonsai bonsai should be replanted every two years in spring using the soil mixture. After the transplant is filled with Ficus and place in a dark place for a few weeks so that the roots take the strength.

Pests and diseases of the bonsai fikuses.

Shield More often than others attack ficus. Brown or black cones appear on the branches, which contain insects under the protective wax shell.

Mathematical worms Manifest themselves in the form of white-fluffy areas at the bases of the leaves and on the roots.

Ficus does not tolerate insecticides containing malastion. Good way Figure pest control is a nip oil.

If yours bonsai started to lose leaves Without visible reasons, the fault is excessive humidity or dryness. However, the sudden pegument of cold air or the sudden effect of bright sunlight can give the same result. Nothing special needs! Keep the ficus in warm, give the soil to dry and then water often and gradually. After 3-4 weeks, the leaves will return.

Growing bonsai from ficus - the case is philosophical and long, bring patience and create a masterpiece!

Ficks have long been and, apparently, settled in residential premises and offices for a long time. In our country it indoor plant The second wave of popularity gained and became an integral part of the interior design.

General

Ficus Microcharp, from Latin Ficus MicroCarpa, It is an evergreen tree, the birthplace of which are tropical and subtropical forests in Southeast Asia. Also, this ficus was widely widespread in South China and Northern Australia.

The name of this ficus in translation denotes " small fruit" A characteristic feature of the plant is the presence of a bare root system, which is capable of forming bizarre and unusual figures. This allows you to create original and very attractive bonsai from the microcarp ficus.

The leaves of this plant have oval, elongated and slightly pointed form. In natural growing conditions, such a type of ficus can reach a height of 25 meters. Copies for indoor flower growing exceed in the height of one and a half meters.

Forms of plants

In detailed flower growing, except for plants with saturated green foliage, the copper forms of microcarp ficus are specially popular, or Variegata. Such a kind of ficus requires more bright lighting, than the maternal type of plant. Failure to comply with this requirement has a negative impact on the motley of the coloring of the leaves.

Ficus Ginseng (Ficus Ginseng, Or Ficus ginseng) is a plant with a fancy swollen root system having an external similarity with ginseng roots. Such roots are formed as a result of the impact of special hormonal products and fertilizers applied at the stage seed breeding. Through the shots of the ficuses, this form of the root system is not possible.

Care for Ficus Ginseng is similar to care for ordinary types of ficus, the only difference is to carry out more frequent and deep trimming. The main focus is focused on the root system, as well as the nutrition of the room plant. The lack of nutrients contributes to the nutrition fear of the root system to shoot, which causes depletion and wrinkling the roots.

Ficus Microcharp: landing and care (video)

Features of care

The plant is quite demanding for care. However, all events do not represent difficulties even for beginners to grow flower ficuses.

Select Place and Lighting

If the cultivation has to choose too dark place, phytolamps should be used that will create effective highlightening. In addition, the lighting should be proportional to the temperature regime. With higher temperature indicators, increasing the degree of lighting of the plant.

Watering

With regard to irrigation events, Ficus Microchar is characterized by unpretentiousness. Watering should be moderate. It is impossible to allow significant soil cuts in a flower pot. For irrigation, and if necessary and spraying foliage should be used by water room temperature. Too abundant and frequent microcarp watering can cause the plant damage to root rot and the appearance of dark spots on the foliage.

Podkord

In carrying out additional feeding, Ficus Microcharp needs an active vegetation stage, which falls from the beginning of the spring to the first decade of autumn. Fertilizers need to be added twice a month. The procedure is carried out after performing irrigation events. It is recommended to use universal preparations for this purpose. In the cold season, it is allowed to reduce fertilizer twice.

Trimming

Cutting for a microcarp ficus is very important. The main condition is the timely and correct execution.

Rules and options

In order to form the most beautiful and spectacular ficus crown, it is recommended to carry out regular trimming. Better time To carry out such an event, you can consider the spring or autumn period, when the plant has not yet passed into the phase of vegetation or has already completed active development and prepares for the rest of the rest.

The standard cutting of the microcarp ficus should be carried out as the need for the formation of the crown and removing not only extra branches, but also overgrowing foliage. Forming a plant is recommended by simple trimming, not giving the branches of the ficus to grow long. In this case, new shoots start their height from the very foundation.

Bonsai

The formation of a microcharp ficus in the form of an exquisite and very stylish bonsai is a fascinating, but rather long process. Initially, the ficus of the microcharp seeds is planted. Next, the room plant is transplanted several times before obtaining a large ficus with a massive root system. Then it is digging, and the trunk part of the plant is cut.

The remaining root is planted in the container so that a significant part of the root system is located on the surface. Over time, the bare part of the root system of the plant acquires dark staining and covered with the bark. At the top of the plant, the crown is forming. Trimming is carried out to remove unnecessary branches and overshadowed foliage.

Problems for growing

The plant is hard enough, and good care protects the fountain from diseases and pests. Nevertheless, some problems characteristic of any kinds of ficus can sometimes be observed.

Fallen leaves

Natural foliage losses on the lower tiers are branched and are associated with natural processes. Mass reset of foliage is very often observed when plants placed on draft, as well as with temperature drops, irrigation cold water, insufficient light and soil cutting in a flower pot.

Other problems

If you carry out too frequent or abundant watering of the microcarp ficus, the plant can be affected by the root rot, which is accompanied by the appearance of characteristic dark spots on the foliage. In addition, the ficus can be affected by pests such as a whitebird, aphid, torment Cherver, trips and a shield. To support the immunity of the plant, it is necessary to spend twice a month of spraying with the addition of "epina".

Ficus microcharp: root rot (video)

Flowers should take into account the fact that the microcharp ficus is required soft landing ground. It is recommended to carry the soil at least once every two weeks. In addition, the ficus cannot be placed in the immediate vicinity of heating or drafts batteries. The plant should have a permanent place from the first days, which is caused by a weak adaptability to the change in the cultivation conditions.

Ficus Microcharp - a plant that came to our apartments from tropical forests. If you decipher and translate its name, the phrase is "small fruit", although the fruits are far from the first thing that the ficus conquers. The peculiarity of this plant is bare roots, which are forming in bizarre figures, which allows the filing of the microcharp in the original bonsai. Form of the leaves of the plant oval, elongated, pointed. In nature, this species can grow, reaching 25 meters, the growth in apartments usually does not exceed one and a half.

Microchar Ficus Care

Ficus Microcharp does not claim painstaking care, it is necessary to place it where enough light light, but does not fall straight solar rays and avoid sharp air temperature drops. It is optimal that in the summer time the thermometer does not rise above 28 ° C, and in the winter it did not fall below 16 ° C. In the question, how to care for the ficus of the microcruis, it is important to pay attention to the watering. Watering the plant needs to be regularly settled, it is not advisable to allow soil drying, but also excessive humidity can be destructive. The leaves should be sprayed daily, you can wipe off a rag and once every 2-3 weeks to organize a plant of the shower, and it is impossible to make a lot of water to fall on the barrel from the roots. The transplant is required to adult ficus every 2-3 years. Since it is not difficult to transplant the ficus of the microcharp, it's not worth it for this concern. In the beginning of the spring it is removed from the pot, to a new pot, which in diameter is more than 4-5 cm, fall asleep the drainage layer and plant a plant.

Adaptation of the ficus in the house

Prepare a special place in the house for the microcarpa ficus so that it can immediately adapt to certain conditions. There should not be drafts and too bright light. On the first day, spray the leaves of the ficus, do not rush to water. The next day, check the soil moisture at a depth of 1.5-2 cm, if it is dry, moderately. Continue sprayed. About three weeks after buying a microcarp ficus, a transplant of a plastic container is required to its pot. To do this, you can purchase a specialized soil for ficus, and you can use universal.

Reproduction of microcarp ficus

Most often for the microcharp ficus, the reproduction of cuttings is used. Cut up the top of 10-12 cm long, so that there are three pairs of leaves and put in a ground in a greenhouse. When the roots are formed about a month, the cuttings from the leaves are delivered, leaving a couple of the upper only. After three months later, the plant transplant in a small vase. It is important to say that in reproduction with cuttings, the plant will not have its own unique intricate roots, the appearance of roasting thickens is possible only when growing from seeds.

Formation of microcharp ficus

How to form a ficus of a microcharp in the form of an exquisite bonsai is a very interesting topic and a long process. First land seeds, plants transplanted several times, growing a large plant with big roots. Then the ficus is digging, and the entire barrel is cut. The resulting root with hemp is planting a pot, leaving most of the root on the surface. Gradually, the outer part of the root darkens and is covered with the bark, and the crown is formed on top. The cropping of the microcarp ficus is carried out as needed when it is necessary to remove extra branches and outgrowing leaves.

Ficus Microcharp - Diseases

Most often, the disease is manifested as a result of illiterate plant care. Running roots and dark spots on the leaves are a consequence of excessive irrigation. If the microcarp ficus falls out of the leaves, without losing its appearance, then the case in draft or changing living conditions, for example, it happens immediately after the purchase. If the leaves are first withering, then fall apart - the reason may be lack of moisture.

Ficus Microcharp

The homeland of this ficus - the forests of the South-Eastern part of Asia, the south of China and the northern part of Australia. The name of the plant is based on external characteristic His fetus. It is very small: barely reaches a centimeter. In Greek, a small fruit sounds like "Mikros" and Karpos ", hence the Russian" microcharp ".

The plant itself in the wild state has an impressive size, reaching a height of 25 meters, having a thick and very wide crown. Indoor specimens do not exceed one and a half meters in height. Many of the representatives of the species are grown in the bonsai style and have miniature sizes.

Plant Description

A bright feature of the appearance of the microcharp ficus is the debris part of its root system, rising above the surface of the soil and receiving the most bizarre forms.

The leaves at the microcharp ficus oval-elongated, approximately 5-10 cm in length and 3-5 cm wide, with a pointed vertex. The surface of the leaves is smooth, thin-leather, shiny. On the branches they are located alternately, attaching a short camp.

Microcarp Ficus Care at Home

Location and lighting

Ficus microcharp prefers shadow and half, and categorically does not tolerate the straight rays of the sun. In winter, the plant can not be kept on the windowsill near the batteries.

Temperature

Optimal for development is the temperature slightly above room: from 25 to 30 degrees. And in warmth, not only the above-ground part of the ficus, but also its roots, so do not put it in winter on the windowsill or cold floor.

The plant needs year-round watering. In the summer, the ficus is watered often, trying to exclude the drying of the earthen coma. The moisture deficit is diagnosed by the lethargy of the plant and the discharge of leaves. In winter, it is necessary to water moderately. Excess moisture is fraught with reinforcement roots and the appearance of leaves.

The microcharp is sensitive to the composition of water, so watering is carried out well accumulated (at least 12 hours) water temperature.

Air humidity

Increased air humidity - a prerequisite for the development of this plant. With low humidity, the ficus looks sluggish, sensitive to disease and damage to pests. In order to prevent these unpleasant moments, the fiber is sprayed daily with water and periodically wipe the leaves with a damp soft cloth.

Feeding and fertilizer

Ficus microcharp gratefully responds to extra-corner subordinate and making fertilizers in the soil. It is periodically sprayed with a weakly concentrated solution of mineral fertilizers. In the soil contribute universal fertilizers For decorative deciduous plants. If the plant is grown in the bonsai style, then it is better to use specialized fertilizers.

Important! To improve the absorption of nutrients and the careful attitude to the roots, it is important to make fertilizers only into wet soil.

In transplant Ficus Microcharp needs every two years. Since the trunk of the plant is practically no increase in its sizes, the main goal of the transplant is an update or partial substrate replacement. Replanting the ficus better in the spring.

Important! Do not forget to take care of a good drainage layer.

Crown Pruning and Forming

One of the conditions for making a special decorative plant is a regular spring or autumn trimming Plants for the purpose of forming the crown.

Reproduction of microcarp ficus

As a rule, the ficus of the microcharp multiplies with cuttings and grooves. You can use cut the tops as a cutlets, not until the end of weighing shoots. They are put in water. After a day, water is drained: there is a lot of milky juice highlighted by a plant from a cut.

Important! Microcharp juice is a strong allergen, so avoid it from entering the skin.

Cuttings put in a container with warm water and addition large number Ash: To avoid posting. After the appearance of its roots in the container, and hold under transparent shelter until leaves appear.

Care in the first days after buying a plant

Try to decide in advance with the place to place the flower. Recall that it is worth avoiding the permutations, too bright places, put the plant near the heating battery, on draft.

From the first day spend spraying. Do not allow soil cuts. To do this, try the substrate daily to the depth of one phalanx of the finger.

After two weeks, change the plastic container on a permanent pot, filling it with any universal or special soil for ficuses.

If you decide to grow a ficus of a microchar in the style of bonsai, then observe the conditions listed above. Follow with greater pedantry.

If in the first days of your stay at your home Ficus dropped the foliage - do not be afraid. So the plant reacts to a change of accommodation.

Difficulties in care, disease and pest

Due to excessive irrigation, the roots are often raised and the appearance of dark spots on the leaves of the ficus.

Due to insufficient watering, the plant looks sick and sluggish, often falling leaves.

The leaves may be imposed also due to watering with cold water, sharp drops of temperature and drafts.

With low air humidity in the indoor, the ficus of the microcharp may be attacked by a pawite tick.

Ficus microcharp - care and watering at home (video)

Ficus microcharp: care, transplant, reproduction, trimming

Ficus microcharp belongs to the genus Ficus, a family of mourning. The birthplace of this evergreen tree is Southeast Asia, where it can be found in the tropical and subtropical forests of India, Malaysia, Philippines, Japan, South China and Northern Australia.

In nature, the Ficus Microcharp reaches a height of about 25 meters, while forming a wide thick crown. The trunk at the plant is smooth, thin. Damage is distinguished thick white juice. Cora - gray brown. Dark-green leaves, glossy, leathery, cuff, oval-elliptical with a pointed vertex, are alternately located on shoots. The length of the sheet is 12 - 15 cm, the width is 2 - 7 cm. Flowers are small, formed inside the inflorescence - spherical siconium, the diameter of which is 0.5 - 1 cm. Initially, the seiconia is green-yellow, as it becomes purple. Parpristina verticillata is pollinated only.

Pests and diseases

With low humidity and high temperatures The likelihood of defeat by a bypass tower is great. If the plant is small, it can be thoroughly rinsed under the hot shower with a water temperature of 40 - 45 ° C. Large plants are recommended to make an insecticidal preparation of the appropriate action.

Molds of microcarp ficus

In addition to plants with conventional dark-green foliage, there is a voyage form of microcharp ficus - Variegata.. This form needs more vivid lighting than the parent plant, since with a lack of light, the spelliness disappears.

Bonsai of fikuses: What do you need to know about the cultivation of miniature plants?

Ficus is an evergreen plant with a developed root system, it is rather rapidly increasing in size, it has neat one-dimensional leaves and a specific shape barrel. Thanks to these qualities from the ficus, you can very quickly form a bonsai, which is easy to form. At home, the most common creation of bonsai with their own hands from Benjamin ficus, microcharp, karika, panda, rubber and others.

Bonsai from Benjamin ficus at home with their own hands

Bonsai - the ancient art of "miniaturization" of trees, in natural conditions growing up to several tens of meters in height, and the formation of the appearance. Now it is associated with Japan, but in fact his homeland is China. The Japanese became popularizers and "importers" of this original and sophisticated "hobby" of Chinese aristocrats engaged in the cultivation of mini-trees over 2,000 years ago. In the homeland of the classic bonsai ficuses as "raw materials" are not used, but for a novice is a good option.

Pot and sad

Translated from the Chinese "Bonsai" means "grown in a tray." The pot for bonsai is little similar to the usual color tank, reminding the almost flat bath on the legs. The legs, by the way, are quite high - 10-15 cm. Mandatory condition - the presence of several drainage holes (at least one diameter of about 1 cm for every 10 cm? Of the bottom) and the pallet. The optimal depth is no more than 4-5 cm at a tank height of 25-30 cm.

Maximum nutritious fertile soil for bonsai is not the best choice. They need a lightweight substrate that is well transmitting moisture and air. Homeland for growing miniature trees Use a special "granular" red clay Akadama. In specialized stores, you can find a special mixture for palm trees or tute. Alternative - Soil, cooked personnel:

Peat crumb or fertile loam, large river sand, Powder clay (1: 1: 1).

Sheet land, fine pebbles or clay (no more than 3 mm in diameter), perlite or vermiculite, leaf humus (6: 4: 2: 1).

Powder clay, sand, leaf humus (6: 3: 1). You can add a little crushed into a pine crust powder (10-15% of the total volume of the finished mixture).

Soil for palm trees or ficuses and any "baking powder" - perlite, vermiculite, sand (3: 1).

Important nuances

To bonsai watched organically, you need to know about some of the characteristics of the ficus features:

In nature, ficuses often grow in rocky soil and even on the rocks, launching the roots into the smallest gap between them. You can try to recreate an authentic habitat - air roots manufactured by a plant look very original.

If stones are used in the composition, of the mixture of the soil and powder clay, be sure to be deceived in a thin layer before placing under the roots. The correct mass has a creamy consistency. This will help fix the roots without the use of rope or wire. It is desirable that the stone is not smooth, rolling with water. For small cracks and irregularities, the plant is easier to cling. The size of the stone is selected depending on the dimensions of the plant and the length of its roots (they must be placed in the soil).

Posted by the desired form of a ficus of Benjamin, wrapped it with a wire, can only be given to real virtuosos, as the shoots of the plant are quite easy to break. But pruning gives good results.

The top of the ficus roots is not to cover moss, pebbles, soil, and so on.

Suitable style

• Tökkan. The easiest option, the eternal classic. It is recommended to start with it, who has no minimal knowledge and experience in this area. The village has a straight trunk, gradually narrowing the pyramid-shaped krona. The bottom of the barrel is naked. Mandatory the presence of visible thick roots.
• MOYS. The trunk smoothly bends in 2-3 places. In order to generate bending, quite thin rods. The leaves and trunk should be located strictly within the projection of the pot, in the air cylinder or parallelepiped.
• Syan. It seems that the tree is turned out of the earth of the storm. The trunk is strongly tilted in one direction, hangs over the edge of the container or even breathes for it. On the other hand, a root twisted from the Earth is visible.
• Sokan. The trunk splits on unequal parts, ranging from the ground level. For beginners, it is quite difficult to achieve this configuration. The main problem is to catch the balance between the height and the thickness of the "Parent" barrel and the "child". But since the ficuses are fucked well among themselves, you can go for a trick, disembarking two plants into one container.
• Hokidati. The plant resembles a broom. Ideally, branches should be almost symmetrical, disagree from the trunk to the sides. It sounds quite simple, but it is not so.
• ESEUE. In one container, disembarking up to five ficuses of different ages, forming a small "grove". It is desirable that they differ in the thickness of the trunks. You can use plants of the same type or different.

Photo Gallery: Bonsai styles suitable for Benjamin ficus

Video: What does bonsai look like from a ficus

Falling a tree

With the transfer of Benjamin ficus purchased in the store, you need to wait 12-15 days, giving the plant to adapt to new conditions. Preductantly rooted cuttings are planted in 2-2.5 months after the landing material gives the first roots.

Planting and further care procedure - step-by-step master class

1. Cut from a healthy ficus a few top cuttings with a length of 8-12 cm, process the sections of the sections, sprinkling them with a gripped chalk or activated carbon. Drink 2-3 hours. Usually there are 3-4 sheets on a cutlery and 1-2 growth points, of which the plant will further release air roots.
2. Put the cuttings into the water or a solution of the stimulator of the root formation (epin, corneser, topaz, heteroacexin, humate potassium). If necessary, cut down the bottom leaves.
3. Provide a permanent temperature of 25-27? C, bright light. If possible, the lower heating.
4. The bottom of the selected container for bonsai is shown with a special cloth similar to a grid with small cells (2-3 mm). Put the large river sand on it (the layer thickness is about 0.5 cm) and the substrate (no more than 2.5-3 cm).
5. Install Plant B. right placeBy putting a small stone under the roots, gently straighten them and pour into the soil, forming a low slide. The layer of the soil does not reach the upper edge of the pot of 1-1.5 cm. Slightly wrap the soil. The root neck should be located at the ground level. Stone take the most resembling a natural rock. It is strictly not suitable for a fragment of bricks or a piece of decorative facing panel.
6. Fucking the ficus, after 25-30 minutes, drain out of the pallet of the excess moisture.
7. If you land in a pot of several cuttings, you can be twisted, until the trunks were derefeated. No harm to plants will not cause. To secure the result, bind ficuses in the right place, laying a thick soft tissue under the rope or twine. To speed up the process of steel, remove the cortex layer with a thickness of about 0.5 mm and use a special spray.
8. When the ficuses are well rooted (after about 4 months), start gradually scolding the land from the roots, gradually bargaining them. Harm plant will not cause. The older ficus, the more accurate for it the procedure passes.
9. When the tree turns to the desired height (about six months), pinch the top and begin to form the crown.
10. Optionally, you can decorate a pot of moss, colored pebbles, decorative figures from a stone, oriental symbols, without covering the revealed roots. But it is not necessary to get involved. The abundance of jewelry inevitably distracts attention from the tree itself and is not welcomed by the Japanese tradition.

Proper trimming and other nuances of the departure

How to trim and form a crown?

Pruning - a procedure without which the bonsai of Benjamin ficus does not work. We are usually beginning with air roots, giving them fit form, regularly cutting the main barrel of the plant. Because of this, it begins to increase in diameter, the crown grows in breadth, the roots are thickened and partially discovered from under the ground.

It is possible to proceed to the formation of the crown only when the trunk reaches the necessary thickness. Since the ficus of Benjamin intensively generates a green mass, it is necessary to cut at least once every six months. Each branch on which 8-10 new leaves appeared is shortened so that 2-4 sheets remain. Trimming is carried out upwards. Washing the juice is not needed to wash.

To minimize stress for the plant, use only sharply sharpened disinfected scissors with not too long blades, cutting off the branches perpendicularly, not leaving "hemp". When the separated juice thickens, lubricate the "wounds" of the Garden Warr.

In no case should not cut some leaves. "Bald" bonsai with sticking branches sticking in different directions, without exaggeration, terrible. In addition, the remaining leaves can be fun.

Do not overdo it when trimming leaves - "bald" bonsai looks not very attractive

The best time to remove a significant volume of green mass is an early spring, before the start of the active vegetation period. Next to the autumn you can spend a small " maintenance", Remove individual unsuccessfully spaced twigs or adjusting their growth. From mid-October to the end of winter, Ficus Benjamin is not cut - it is too much stress for a plant in need of peace.

The shape of the trunk must be attached as neat as possible. The optimal version is the use of a thin rope or twine, which tying the necessary branches to the base of the tree or another support.

If you still decide to use the wire, take the most thin of the available, with isolation and be sure to put a soft tissue under it. Do not wrap the ficus of Benjamin wire immediately after the transplant, wait 3-4 weeks. Move strictly bottom up from the base of the barrel. When the plant is able to maintain a specified form (after 1.5-2 months), gently cut the wire and remove it. Do not even try to unwind - almost certainly broke the branches.

Those who are confident in their forces can try to "correct" nature, transplanting one or more shoots of other species to the ficus of Benjamin. Some craftsmen manage to replant even air roots.

Video: Formation of the trunk and cropping bonsai from Benjamin ficus

Important nuances of care

Behind the ficus bonsai takes care the same as behind the plant of normal sizes. It also needs watering, increasing air humidity, regular fertilization. Creating a plant optimal conditions No less important than care for it.

For harmonious development, it is advisable to provide a light day for a duration of at least 12 hours. During the active vegetation period, if the natural sun is not enough, use special phytolamba. For autumn and winter, refuse the backlight.

Place for bonsai Choose immediately and forever. Ficus reacts poorly to move, sharply dropping leaves. Check the pot not standing on draft. Provide a permanent temperature of 18-25? C, try to avoid sharp drops. 15? C - the threshold of the survival of Benjamin ficus.

Any bonsai watered pretty moderately so as not to provoke the roots. Ficus Benjamin is no exception. Use raindrop, thawa or well-standing water. The latter is desirable to skip through the filter or soften with several citric acid crystals. So that the soil is saturated with moisture evenly, the water on the bonsai is sprayed with quite high heights using a spray gun. Thus, at the same time you moisturize the crown of the tree. The miniature ficus is watered daily or every 2 days (depending on the temperature and humidity of air on the street and indoors), as soon as the upper layer of the soil is completely dry.

Dense fleshy leaves of the ficus help him endure dry air of modern apartments, but for rapid growth and harmonious development, it is recommended to increase the humidity of the indoor air humidity. This is a necessary condition for the appearance of air roots that give bonsai of originality.

In the absence of a winter garden or greenhouse in the house a good place For mini ficus - kitchen. There, air humidity is higher than in the rest of the premises.

Bonsai fertilizers are feeding only during the period of active vegetation, since the beginning of the spring until the middle of the autumn. Ideally, you need to find special blends for this type of houseplants, but comprehensive fertilizers for palm trees or mulberry are suitable. The feeder is dissolved in water, strictly following the manufacturer's recommendations. The preferred option of its introduction is extraxorno. Just once every 15-20 days.

In general, the plant reacts negatively, inevitably "bald", so without extreme need to disturb the ficus of Benjamin is not recommended. The procedure may well be replaced with the removal of the upper layer of the Earth in the pot (about 1 cm) and the plugness of the portion of the freshly prepared substrate.

How to care for bonsai from the microcarp ficus (Ginseng)?

Ficus of Benjamin as a material for growing bonsai is the most popular, but not the only option. No less aesthetically, the ficus of the fine-grade (microcharp), he is ginseng (more familiar pronunciation - "ginseng") or dull. Also, the plant is found under the nicknames "Chinese Banyan", "Taiwan" or "Indian laurel ficus", "Green Island".

He is also known as the "scenario". Such a name indicates a characteristic feature - the air roots of Fikus Ginseng in search of supports are deployed by the trunks nearby trees and oppress their growth, simply speaking, stalk.

The last nickname describes what Muffens Ginseng in demand from Bonsai fans. Its main value for lovers of this decorative and applied art is the thick trunk, covered with a reddish-gray folded bark, as if woven of several trollers. In fact, what seems separate trunks are thickened air roots. The whole design resembles ginseng root or mythical mandragora. Narrow dark-green leaves with pointed tips also look very attractive.

Grant bonsai from Ficus Ginseng is even easier than from Benjamin ficus. In order to stimulate the growth of air roots, the plant has just landed with roots or the plant purchased in the store can be temporarily placed in a flurarium or homemade "greenhouse", knitting the ficus into a package or by placing in a suitable capacity, covered with glass or polyethylene film. Pereparing bonsai from Fikus Ginseng in July, shortening the roots of about a quarter.

Ficus Ginseng loves light, but not burning straight sun rays. The desired light day duration of 14-16 hours for most of the territory of Russia naturally will not be able to ensure, so fluorescent lamps are used to read. In winter, they should work on average for 4-6 hours a day more than in summer.

In addition to bright light, Ficus Ginseng does not like hot dry air streams very much. Place a plant away from heating batteries and other heating devices. Another argument against the windowsill is strong drafts from dismayed windows.

Pour bonsai from the watering can with a narrow nose, the pot on the perimeter, trying so that the water does not hit the trunk and air roots. Water is pouring until it starts to drain through drainage holes. Wait 15-20 minutes and drain the excess surplus from the pallet. It is advisable to spray the plant daily or wipe the leaves with a damp soft cloth.

Picking up a place for bonsai, remember that the leaves of Fikus Ginseng moderately poisonous. Esthered their pets may well choose. Take care to remove the pot from the population zone.

The optimal height of the bonsai bonsai from Ficus Ginseng is about 0.5 m. Accordingly, it is possible to start the crown in 3-4 years, when the tree will grow to the specified parameters and air roots will become quite thick. But during this time, a regular trimming is needed so that the tree is excessively pulled out.

Mass leaf fall to ficus ginseng is a phenomenon that is completely stacked. Life life of the leaves is a maximum of 3 years. Pretty soon a tree will acquire a new crown. But the yellowing leaves, starting from the lowest - the reason to urgently make feeding. The plant signals that the soil is too poor.

Video: Important Nuances of Bonsai Bonsai from Ficus Ginseng

Ficus Panda, Rubber, Bengali and other species suitable for bonsai formation

In addition to the ficus of Benjamin and Fikus Ginseng, it is possible to grow bonsai from other species:

• Ficus Bengal (Benghalensis). Basically appreciated for the specificity of the life form (the so-called banyan) - one tree looks like a whole forest of trees smaller. In natural conditions, it can be brought into several hectares. Banyan can form other ficuses, but the Bengalsky is obtained by the most powerful. Bonsai decorativity adds fiber leaves with a pattern of light residences.
• Ficus ficker or carica (carica), he is a fig, a fig tree and a wine berry. Not the most successful (as the winter is getting rid of the leaves), but quite suitable for bonsai. The branches are very thick, the leaves are large, so trimming is problematic. The trunk remains smooth regardless of the age of the plant. The more intensely branches the tree, the less the leaf plate becomes, therefore, at a height of 0.5-0.7 m, the bonsai looks harmoniously. In the summer it is useful to endure a pot on open air.
• Ficus Timnoliste (Neriifolia). Thanks to the color of the leaf plate, the plant is more shadowfully than its relatives, survives even with a completely artificial light.
• Ficus rzavo-red or rust (Rubiginosa). Young specimens of this unusual plant exist as epiphytes, then form a banyan, although not so pronounced as the Bengali ficus. The smooth bark on young shoots cast reddish, adult leaves are covered with a red-brown "pile". It grows pretty slowly, which allows us to trim the bonsai not so often. Very hardy, including tolerate care errors.
• Ficus Panda. This species has very dense leaves. The plant is well tolerating dry air of modern apartments.
• Ficus rubbing (elastica). Most often for bonsai use selection hybrids with a pattern on the leaves of stains and bellic, olive or linomes. Even compared to the rest of the ficuses is growing rapidly (on the sheet a week). Glossy leaves are located on the helix. Poor reacts to a sharp change of type of lighting or change in the flow of sunlight. The juice of milk-white juice is released on the spot.

Bonsai from different types of ficus in the photo

Possible problems when growing bonsai

Any errors made by flowerflower growing bonsai negatively affect the appearance of a tree, which dramatically loses in decorativeness. "Miniature", unlike trees normal sizemay die almost instantly. Therefore, measures must be taken promptly, immediately and correctly reacting to the signals sent by the plant.

Table: Communicated difficulties in cropping bonsai from ficus

Growing bonsai is an occupation requiring patience, constant control over the country's condition, the presence of artistic taste and fantasy. Ficus - good stuff For those who wanted to practice before proceeding to the cultivation of traditional miniature pines and maples. The plant is neciprisno, with gratitude responds to care, well gives to the formation and has the necessary decorativeness. Bonsai - "long-playing" hobby, the cultivation of a tree in all canons takes more than 10 years, the result will not see far from immediately, but to observe changes in the form and direct them in the right direction very exciting.

Ficus Microcharp - Ficus MicroCarpa

Tree in miniature

Ficus Microcharp is a completely ordinary representative of the kind of ficus, resembling everyone known and very common Ficus Benjamin. However, most likely, you bought it in the store in the form of a small tree. Indeed, the ficus of the microcharp is very easy and quickly forms powerful rhizomes, so the most well suited for beginners of bonsai culture lovers.

Ficus microcharp has small neat leaves. They differ from the leaves of Benjamin ficus the absence of an elongated asset at the end. And, in general, the form of the leaf of the microcarp ficus can be very different: from more oblong to the round. The bark of this ficus is quite thin and smooth. Therefore, it should be attentive: it is quite easily injured.

Translated from the Latin name of this ficus, it sounds like "Ficus the Smallopling". IN foreign literature You can find a huge number of items of this plant - Indian Lavr, Green Island, Chinese Banyan, etc. We have the most common name that can be directly found on a potted label with a plant - Ficus MicroCarpa Ginseng, i.e. "ginseng". This is called the plants of the microcharp ficus, which are sold in the store, they are grown in a special way and resemble the bonsai culture style. The fact is that thick "trunks" of these ficuses are actually roots and externally resemble the roots of ginseng.

There is a special technology for growing a ficus "Ginseng", aimed at the formation of such bizarre roots. Although Ficus microcharp is one of the most simple and fast bonsai-style plants, however, its characteristic form is not immediately achieved. Typically, the cultivation of the ficus is carried out on special farms (most often in South China or in the USA) and begins to disemboditate seeds or germinating cuttings. Ficus microcharp as it grows forms a very powerful root underground. In addition, the plant is fed by special hormonal substances and insecticidal means to accelerate the growth of the roots and prevent the occurrence of diseases. It is very important to comply with all the necessary conditions: maintain the desired temperature, air humidity.

When the root of the ficus reaches significant sizes, the plant is neatly digging. At this stage, unfortunately, you have to cut off the formed troller of the ficus, leaving only a small pennies, and the roots are then cleaned from the soil, washed and sorted. At this stage, the roots with hemp are massively bought by floral farms. There the roots are planted into individual pots, but they are shuffled only slightly, and most of the soil are left over the surface. Over time, thin skin roots fracture and turns into a bark. Next use various chemicals to speed up the formation of new twigs with leaves of these roots. Sometimes even use branches from other plants. Special chemicals are used to preserve the compact form of ficus. However, at this stage, the plant is already practically formed in the form of a small tree and can be on sale.

Such bonsai can be called "accelerated". However, the ficus of the microcharp can be formal in the "Bonsai" style, when the trunk is really a trunk, and not a thickened root outside. Of course, the formation of such trees requires much greater art, and most importantly - significantly more time.

Motherland Microcharp - South-East Asia, India, Mysterious Island Borneo. Recently, Ficus Microcharp has spread widely beyond its original origin. It can be found already on the Bermuda, and on the West Coast of Florida, where you can see the trees of ficus. However, in tropical forests, we, of course, do not meet the miniature trees, resembling those selling in our stores. Ficus microcharp in nature reaches a height of 15 m and forms huge air roots hanging down. The spectacle is quite impressive.

Ficus microcharp in natural conditions is very different fast growth and extraordinary endurance. It can germinate in the drainters, cream and cracks of the sidewalk, on the rocks. This plant was found even on the roofs of high-rise buildings in Singapore.

The natural cycle of the development of the microcarp ficus is quite complicated, in the sense that it is pollinated only by special tiny axes, the fruits are eaten by birds and vertebrals, and the seeds are distributed later with the participation of ants.

However, despite this, the ficus of the microcharp is very widely used for landscaping streets and squares in countries with a warm climate, for example, in southern California. The ficus of the microcharp in Taiwan is very common, where there are special clubs on its cultivation, numerous exhibitions are arranged, on which plants of extraordinary bizarre forms are demonstrated.

My story Microcarp Fikus

So far I do not know the opinion of other flowerflowers, but I have, to my shame, among the large number of plants there are always "pets" who like me at the moment most. I think that such a biased attitude to a certain extent affects our care for one or another homemade pet: We are more attentive to one, others cause less interest. Unfortunately, sometimes those plants that for some reason "broke out", as if they feel the inattention and began to root more, and sometimes die ...

So I want to say about the microcarp ficus that at the moment he is my absolute favorite. I do not know that I was so fascinated in this small tree. I bought it completely spontaneously in the supermarket, well, I just could not pass by. There is something inexpressible touching and even partly comical in thick powerful protruding roots from the miniature tiny trees with small gentle leaves. If you consider my constant interest in Japanese culture and japanese style In the interior, it can be understood that this plant was just necessary for me.

Naturally, I expected that at home the newly acquired village would immediately discharge the leaves or some other way will respond to experienced stress. However, I simply penetrated my minifikus with a special tenderness after he literally began to grow a new sheet and all his appearance demonstrated satiety and well-being.

I am not very afraid that the shoots of my plant will strongly stretch, because I do not expect in conditions of permanent twilight in my apartment from it strong growth. However, if the shoots start growing, they will have to cut them as well as the roots. Most of all I was delighted when a month later, my plants began to grow from a thick "corstery" of my plant. I think that this is the most successful trees, because It grows into width, but does not lose its miniature form.

Caring for the "ginsevian" ficus is reduced to regular watering, spraying and soul. Although overflowing for him is much more dangerous to insufficient moistening, while I notice that it makes it quite quickly, because grows in a small pot.

Ficus microcharp flowers just like the other ficuses. It forms round siconies that resemble more than a flower. Later, they turn into real berries, which, although not poisonous, but absolutely not tasty. However, we hardly have to observe an interesting flowering process, because At home, Ficus microcharp, though it blooms, but quite rare.

Although the ficus of the microcharp is considered a sufficiently shadowed look, nevertheless, it needs a bright abdomen. It is best to put it on the eastern or western window. This ficus can also be grown in artificial lighting, the lamp must be at an altitude of about 30 cm above the plant. On the southern window, the leaves of the microcharp ficus will quickly decide, so the plant should be pulled off a slightly from the glass, it will also need a slight shading. In winter, growing a microchar ficus on the southern window, on the contrary, quite favorable.

This species does not need frequent watering. In summer, the frequency of soil moisture somewhere 2 times a week. Watering water should be soft and room temperature. The most important thing is not to fry the ficus, because It does not make an excess of water at which there is a sharp leave of the leaves and rotting the root system.

Ficus microcarpa feed only in the summer, about once every two weeks. Use comprehensive fertilizer.

The regular shower and rubbing the leaves are necessary to fie the microcharp.

Ficus Microcharp prefers elevated humidity level and frequent spraying. Also useful (especially in winter) to put a water dish near the plant. It is even better to grow the plant in the pallet with a wet clay. However, the ficus may well adapt to growing in relatively dry air of the premises.

Ficus microcharp does not make sudden temperature drops, drafts. The result of such an impact will be the appeal of leaves. In the summer, it is best to maintain a temperature of about + 20-23 ° C, in winter it takes a cooler content (+ 16-18 ° C). In the summer it is very useful to make a fiber on the street, because In the open air, it will get more light, will acquire considerable stability to survive the winter. In addition, constant ventilation reduces the likelihood of plants in pests.

The most important for the microcarp ficus is the presence of a good drainage. The soil must be well permeable so that there is no stagnation of moisture. In general, the ficus of the microcharp is not at all demanding to the substrate. However, it is best to use in the soil of no more than 40% of the organic components and up to 60% of inorganic components.

Young plant transplant annually, adults less often.

When transplanting when you got a plant from a pot, it is necessary to shorten its roots by about 1/3 to maintain a compact form of the plant. Next, we place the plant in the pot of the same size or slightly increase the size of the pot so that the upper part of the root is the same as before, there was a pot on the edge. After transplanting, it is impossible to put a plant on a bright light and unscrew.

If you bought a ficus microcharp in the form of a small tree, then in the future you will have to maintain its compact form. The fact is that in flower households, retardants were used, the action of which is directed against the stretching of plants. After their effect is over, the branches of your ficus will undoubtedly begin to lengthen. Start to form leaves more large size. And if the plant does not have enough nutrients for the formation of the crown, it will start using reserves accumulated in powerful roots. Roots will begin to shrink and decrease in size. Therefore, an important condition for the normal type of your "bonsai" village is the constant trimming and roots, and shoots. Ficus microcharp should be cut exclusively in the summer. In winter, the plant is not shortening.

Throughout the growing season, the discrepancies of the plant must constantly cut, leaving no more than two pairs of leaves. The biggest enthusiasts also cut the V-shaped tips of the largest leaves. In general, to the process of trimming the microcarp ficus should be approached creatively, it is necessary to generally estimate the appearance of the plant and cut those shoots that are knocked out of the desired form. It should not be too diligently and crushing the branches are very strong. It is also better to carry out a pruning not a very sharp tool to prevent the abundant allocation of the Milky Juice.

It must be said that the ficus-ginseng with a thick root is not bonsai in the full sense of the word. Flower, seriously engaged in the culture of bonsai, even pump up the top of the plant from the thickened root, rooted it again and grow the ficus with a real thickened barrel. In the picture above, you see what the real bonsai-bonsai microcarp ficus looks like. However, it seems to me that the entire originality of the plant is reduced to its special structure of a powerful root. If the formation of the bonsai trees for you is not so important, you can still allow the branches of the ficus to grow up to those sizes that you like. In the picture on the right, you can see how attractively the ficus-ginseng, whose branches are quite lengthened, however, nevertheless, he remains overall a completely harmonious appearance.

The most common problem with the cultivation of the microcarp ficus is a sharp leaf of leaves, the reasons for which can be diverse. First, the leaves fall in response to transferred stress when changing the conditions of growth, from draft, sharp temperature differences. Another reason for the appeal of leaves is redundant watering and rotting the root system. In all these cases, green leaves fall. If the leaves are in front of the appeal, the reason in this case will be, on the contrary, insufficient moistening of the soil.

Unfortunately, the cause of the appeal of yellow leaves can be dry air, and an insufficient amount of sunlight, especially in winter. If we cannot provide our ficus additional lighting, you will have to accept this phenomenon and wait for spring when the plant necessarily turns the leaves again. If the leaves are yellowing gradually, the reason may be the insufficient amount of nutrients.

Among the pests of the microcarp ficus should be especially highlighted by a shield that is noticeable on the leaves and shoots of the plant in the form of brown crusts. The sign of her presence also serve sticky leaves.

Sometimes, the ficus of the microcharp is amazed by tryps, but they rarely settle on the plant indoors. Another possible pest - Mute Cherver.

When buying, the main thing to choose the most cute tree with the most powerful barrel, the bark should not be damaged. It is necessary to examine the leaves if doubt arises regarding the presence of pests, it is better not to buy such a plant.

Ficus microcharp can be multiplied by seeds, but these seeds meet quite rarely. If they still get to you, they must be soaked in a mixture of sphagnum and peat. The seeds are fairly small and germinate in the conditions of a constantly moisturized substrate.

The easiest way to reproduce the microcharp ficus - semi-resistive cuttings with no less than four-five leaves. Best of all, if the basis of such a cutting will be slightly apparent, in this case there is less likelihood of posting. However, soft cuttings are rooted faster. The cuttings are planted in a mixture of peat and sand, covered with polyethylene and exposed to an unireded light. The rooting lasts 1-2 months. It is possible to roam the cuttings and in water, although in this case the probability of rotting is higher, and the survival rate of the plant is worse.

Ficus microcharp can be multiplied with a part of the root. The root cuttings are planted into the ground, leaving over the substrate surface only about 2.5 cm. The cuttings are covered on top with polyethylene. It is necessary to water it quite rarely, no more than 1 time per week, when the soil dry and condensate will disappear internal surface Polyethylene. The stalks also need to be able to ventilate, i.e. Leave for several minutes without polyethylene. The appearance of new twigs will have to wait for quite a long time - 2-4 months. After 3-5 leaves appear or small roots penetrated through the hole in the pot, it will be possible to remove polyethylene, put the plant in the conditions of bright scattered light and start watering it in normal mode.

The main problems that may occur with the vegetative reproduction of the microcarp ficus is to rotten the cuttings during excess moisture. The rooting may be difficult if the cuttings are taken from a weak or patient plant.

It is also possible to roighten large plants with the help of air chains, while the bark on the trunk is ringing. The thickness of the strip must be wide enough. Wrap a sphagnum strip. In this case, the use of hormones is very useful. Wrap a moss with polyethylene and fix it. When the roots are visible through polyethylene, rooting occurred. The top can be cut off, remove polyethylene and disembark without removing the moss. It is necessary to transplant in approximately six months.

Using all these breeding methods you will get a regular ficus. As already written above, for the development of powerful outer roots or form in the form of bonsai requires a special technology of cultivation.

You can experiment and try to grow such a fiber at home yourself. True, it will not take at least 5 years. When the rooted cuttings takes place and will grow enough, during the transplantation in the spring it will be necessary to remove the 1-2 upper centimeters of the soil, thus bare the upper part of the roots. Such a procedure is repeated every year. Gradually, the upper part of the roots will be taken off and turn into a caudax. At the same time, it is necessary to pinch the tops of the shoots, leaving 2-3 interstices. Of course, at home is unlikely to get the same powerful plant as in the store. However, you can try.

It does not poison, on the contrary cleans the air from harmful substances.

Before leaving, the ficus needs to pour well. Your absence for two weeks it will endure without problems.

Ficus Microcharp, Ficus Ginseng, Ficus Ginseng is located 24th place In the rating of recommendations and has the following qualities:

If you have already grown this plant and you like it and you recommend it to other flowers, you too can

Ficus Microcarp (Ficus MicroCarpa) is an evergreen tree belonging to the tute.

Initially, he produced in vivo only on the island of Borneo, located in Southeast Asia.

In the future, he began to move to the Bermuda Islands and in some tropical areas of the United States of America. In wild nature this species Ficus is a very strong and hardy plant. Sometimes it is called Ficus Microcharp Moklama.

Description

Ficus Microcharp in natural habitats, is a major epiphylet plant. Setting on large trees, it quickly grows, forming a lush crown and long, but powerless roots. Sweeting from the branches of trees, they are very interesting sight (see photo).

The height of the plant growing in tropical forests can reach 20 meters. Copies living in room conditions reaches 1.5 meters, but they are most often grown in the form of small original bonsai, gradually blinding the roots and conducting regular concentrations of shoots.

For the trunk of this ficus, the bark is typical, it has a very smooth, thin and gentle structure, so house growing It is necessary to carefully handle it to not damage. Plant shoots are covered with small foliage, which can have an elliptical, oval or rounded form.

During flowering, the ficus of the microcharp is covered with flowers of an unusual shape resembling berries (Siconia). In the future, very small fruits are formed in their place no more than 1 centimeter in diameter. That is why this type of ficus got its name, the translation of which sounds like "fine-grade".

Often, Ficus MicroCarpa Ginseng, or Ficus Ginseng, also writes on a pot of purchased plants. "ginseng". These ficuses grow in a special way. After planting a ficus, it very quickly forms the root, the growth of which is stimulated special means and hormones.

When the root reaches significant sizes, the ficus digs, cut off the barrel, purified and planted into the pot, leaving the root above the surface of the soil, only slightly joining.

Over time, the roof of the roots fractures and turns into a bark.

The growth of the new escape is also stimulated by chemicals or vaccinate the branches of other plants.

At this stage, in the form of a small tree with a large root of the plant fall on stores stores.

To grow bonsai further use funds that slow down the growth of the ficus.

Care in the first days after purchase

Currently, Ficus microcharp bonsai with original roots, which are highly extinguished on the surface, can be easily purchased in specialized stores.

Caring for him in the first days after the purchase will determine its further state and the right development.

Important! Bringing a plant from the store home, it is impossible to replant it immediately, it must pass the adaptation period And to get out of the stressful situation, which he struned by moving to a new place of residence.

The pot with ficus should be placed separately from other indoor plants for two weeks. At this time, it should be observed for its condition and verify the presence of signs of diseases and pests, which may have been invisible when buying. When they are detected, it is necessary to immediately carry out the appropriate treatment.

During this period, the plant can reset part of foliage. It is not necessary to scare this, the loss of leaves is its natural reaction to the decline shift. You just need to regularly water it and spray it daily, you can add a growth stimulator to the water, and very soon it will start producing new, young leaflets.

At the end of the quarantine, you need to transfer a microcharp ficus to a new pot with an appropriate soil. Plants in stores are usually contained in tanks with transporting soil, which practically does not contain nutrients.

Important! The pot with ficoma immediately after landing is placed on a permanent point of growth, as this species reacts poorly to the permutation. The exception is the summer period when it is recommended to have a balcony or a veranda, where it develops well.

Ficus microcharp: care at home

Despite their exotic appearance ficus microcharp does not require any special conditions as well as complex care. It is enough to just explore some rules for its content and follow them in the process of growing this unusual plant.

Lighting

Ficus McCarp does not like abundant lighting. But, and the strong shadow is contraindicated. In this case, it will begin to dump the foliage, stretch, and then slow down growth and lose decorativeness.

Therefore, it is necessary to choose a place in the western or eastern part of the room, preferably in some distance from the window.

Temperature

This type of ficus refers to thermo-loving plants. Therefore, in the spring and summer period, he needs to provide air temperature from 25 to 30 degrees. In autumn and in winter it is reduced, but not lower than 16 degrees.

At the same time, the temperature should be permanent, the plant reacts negatively to its differences, as well as on drafts.

Watering

Watering the ficus of the microcharp should be as needed after the top layer of the substrate is dry. Frequent overflow threatens by reinforcement root system, And a long-term lack of leaf apozya. Water for watering should be purified or resistant and have room temperature.

Humidity

For the normal life of the microcarp ficus, a high level of humidity is not required, there will be 70 percent. If it is lower, you need to increase the number of spraying plants and space around it.

You can put a pot with a plant in the pallet filled with pebbles or moss-sphagnum, which should be moisturized daily.

Soil and fertilizer

For this type of ficus lightweight, low acidity nutrient soil required. To compile it, you can take advantage of the following proportions:

• Cherry land - 2 parts;
• Sheet land - 1 part;
• Humus ground - 1 part;
• Large sand - 1 part.

In the spring and summer period, feeding the plants spend every 2 weeks using complex mineral fertilizers. Starting from autumn, it is reduced to 1 time per month.

Before making feeding, Ficus microcharp needs to be pouring to prevent the root system burn.

Crown Pruning and Forming

To preserve the beautiful form of the crown of the plant, it is necessary to carry out regular trimming of the reprimanded branches.

They usually give up to 10 pairs of leaves, and then shorten up to 3.

If a sufficiently small copy was purchased and it is supposed to be grown in the form of bonsai, then at the reaches of the height of 15 centimeters need to trim the top to stimulate the active development of lateral shoots, As they grow in the further, the formation of the crown selected.

A few more advice on the care of the filler of the microcharp and the formation of its crown in this video:

Ficus Microcharp - Transplant

Since the trunk and the root microcarp ficus system are growing quite slowly, then a plant is enough of one transplant in two years. It must be done in the early spring so that it is easy to take root and began to quickly develop further.

It is necessary to transplant this type of ficus to a pot of no more than 5 centimeters more in diameter than the previous one.

It needs to pour a good layer of drainage and a new nutritious soil.

The ficus should be carefully pulled out from the tank, clean the roots from the soil residues and trim on 10 centimeters.

After that, it needs to be placed in a new pot, compact the soil and slightly moistened to it.

The plant needs to be placed in the shaded room before rooting.

Reproduction

You can reproduce this plant with air chains and seeds. But, these are quite laborious ways, while sometimes unsuccessfully ending. Most often for reproduction of microcharp ficus produce staringUsing the top 10 centimeters with a length of about 10 centimeters.

You can take those that remained after trimming. For their landing, you need to prepare drawers with a drainage layer and a mixture of peat and sand. Planting material for several hours is recommended to put in a container with a solution of the growth stimulator, and then plant. Boxes should be placed in warm, shaded room.

During the month, Chenkov should form roots. After this time, seedlings need to trim the whole foliage, leaving only the highest pair.

After a half months, it is necessary to hold the first feeding of young plants. A few months later, when they fasten them well, they can be seeded on individual pots, a diameter of no more than 10 centimeters.

Possible diseases and pests

In case of incorrect care, the ficus of the microcharp may be infected with bypass ticks, with the appearance of which, the leaves are ejected by the web, and then fall.

If the foliage of the plant became sticky, it means that the shield settled on the plant.

In these cases, it is necessary to immediately wash all parts of the ficus with a solution of green or economic Soapand then make a solution of insecticide.

Of the diseases for this type of ficus, the root rotes are most dangerous, which occur during excess watering. In this case, it is necessary to carry out a plant transplant to a new soil, previously removing the affected areas of the root system, and the remaining part should be treated with fungicide.

Types of microcharp ficus

Ficus microcharp has many items. It is called Indian Lavra, green island, Chinese Badaine, Ficus Ginseng or Ginsevev, Ficus dull or or retouza. All this is the same plant. Currently, its varietal varieties are brought by breeders, which differ in the size and shape of the leaves.

Ficus Microcharp is a very original plant, which deservedly enjoys love of both many flower water and those who are far from crop production. It does not require a difficult care that takes a lot of time. At the same time, it can become an excellent decoration of the room performed in any style.

Lovers of miniature plants bonsai do not bypass the ficus of the microcharp. Proper forming allows you to get from a bush that looks like an ordinary ficus of Benjamin, a mini-tree with a thickened trunk under the "cap" of green foliage.

Botanical description of the plant

Ficus Microcarp (lat. - Ficus MicroCarpa Ginseng), in appearance one of the most colorful and popular in home flower growing is a representative of an extensive family of tute. The birthplace of this evergreen plant - forests of the tropical region of Malaysia, Phillipin, South of China and Northern Australia. In the wild environment, the microcharp is quite aggressively refers to the neighbors trees, tightly laid them with their air roots. However, at home, it is a slowly growing cute plant that can be molding in the style of bonsai. It rarely reaches the height of one and a half meters, while in the natural medium grows up to 20 m.

Varieties of the microcharp ficus - moclama, albumographic, Ginseng.

The thickened trunk of the bizarre plant is essentially the continuation of its massive root. This is not a natural property of the plant, but the result of the work of specialists, skillfully circumcise and stimulating it with special means. "Ordinary" microcarps are similar to Ficus Benjamin.

Bark trunk - smooth and tender, easily damaged, gray. Leaves may have a form rounded, oval or in the form of an ellipse.

The plant blooms (only in natural conditions or greenhouses) with siconia - flowers similar to berries, forming minor fruits (up to 1 cm in diameter). Translated into the Latin "Microcharp" and means - fine-grade.

Features of cultivation

With properly organized care, even a novice and very busy flower water can get a great result - a beautifully decorated mini-tree with a lush green crown. Most important factors In the cultivation of microcarp ficus:

• correctly chosen location relative to illumination;
• maintaining temperature mode;
• timely work on the formation of the barrel and crown.

This indoor plant perceives any perception as stress, so it is desirable to find a permanent place for him.

Landing technology and transplant periods

As the nesting is growing, it should be transplanted into large in terms of capacity (with an increase in diameter by 4-5 cm). Since the barrel of microcarps is growing slowly, transplant - the procedure is inflicted. It is important to choose a pot and soil mixture.

Choosing a pot and soil

The main requirement for the pots for the microcharp is the presence of drainage holes. Any flower, including a ficus, is more comfortable in a potted pot of natural clay, not covered with icing. The porosity of the material allows excess moisture evaporate through the walls of the container, while the roots of the oxygen flows. Although if there is a good drainage, the pot is suitable for a pot from any material.

The size of the vessel depends on the size of the root system of the microcharp. It is desirable that during transplantation between the roots and walls of the pot made 2 cm.

For plants bonsai, models are needed low, flat. Too large pots are contraindicated with all types of ficuses, because the soil is not covered with roots in them, causing the posting.

The optimal option is to purchase the soil special compositiondesigned for ficuses. At home preparation is mixed after preliminary disinfection equal parts of the leaf land, turf, sand, and 0.3-0.5 parts of ash are added to reduce acidity.

How to plant

If there is a need to trim the root system of the microcharp-bonsai ficus, they advise before the transplant procedure not to water the soil so that the roots are better to be cleaned. Crop to 10% of their length. With regular trimming, the roots grow styling and thicken.

Drainage from clay (can be made of pebbles, a layer of new soil is laid into a new container. Installing, holding, the village in the right place (in the center or shocking from it) and fall asleep emptiness of the earth. For its seal it is easy to tap the pot.

If there is no need to disturb the roots, the plant is transplanted by transshipment.

When it is time to transplant

Usually immediately after purchase, the shopping ficuses of the microcharp need a transplant, as they grow in the poor peat ground. Make it after two or three weeks, giving the plant time to adapt the plant in a new place - "relocation" and transplant simultaneously become too much stress for him. Nevertheless, anyway to respond to the transplant of a tree can a small loss of foliage.

Adult Ficus needs a transplant more than three years. Plants of the first years of life transplanted annually in the spring when the trees will be easier to adapt to the new soil. Sometimes they spend only the replacement of the upper 2-3 cm of soil (if there is no need to increase the size of the pot).

Subtleties of care

The usual room temperature is quite suitable for the microcharp ficus: in summer it is optimal level - 25-30 ° C. In winter, the flower transfers its decrease to 17-18 ° C, but when the highway indicators fall to 16 ° C and below, it suffers, and with prolonged cooling, the roots can freeze it and the plant will die.

The ficus painfully transfers the permutation, loves fresh air, but it needs to be protected from any drafts.

Prefers the places lit, but without hitting the leaves of the straight rays of the sun - the location will fit and in the depths of the room. However, with a constant shadension ceases to grow, reacts with the yellowing and falling of the leaves. In winter, additional backlight is desirable. It is important to remember: harsh fluctuations in the amount of illumination of the tree tolerates badly.

In the care of the ficus of the microcharp at home and the formation of the crown is also included. In this creative process there are no preferences except tastes of the owner. The plant is drastically cutting off in spring, before its active growth, not earlier than it reaches 15 cm in height. Throughout the spring and summer, conduct a systematic light trimming - shortening of twigs, too strongly protruding for the borders of the crown silhouette (for even their development, a periodically, a pot of ficus turns around its axis). In the fall and winter this procedure is not carried out.

Rules of irrigation and feeding

The frequency of watering depends on the degree of moisture of the soil: watered when the soil slings for 2-3 cm. Usually in the summer - two, and in winter - three times a week.

The microcharp loves when his leaves spray from the sprayer and reacts positively to moisturizing air. It is desirable that the level of humidity in the house does not fall below 50% (optimal numbers - 70%). Irrigation is carried out with water room temperature. It is especially important to spray the village from the spray from the spray in winter when the air in the premises is reheated. The minimum distance from the heating devices to the microcarp ficus is 2 meters.

Fertilize the plant twice a month with a liquid nutrient mixture for ficuses (for palm), alternating mineral compositions with organic. In winter, during the period of rest, the feeder does not contribute.

Diseases and possible problems

The plant "interests" the whiteflinkle, aphid, shields, trips, tormentless worms. To combat them use purchased insecticides for domestic flowers.

The microcharp is not susceptible to diseases, problems arise with a permanent violation of the rules of care for it:

• with a lack of illumination or nutrition, young shoots are thinned, and the leaves are minced on them;
• if the plant lacks moisture, foliage turns yellow and falls out;
• the leaf fall from green leaves, on the contrary, testifies to excess watering. With a long moisture, the moisture in the ground begins the root rotation - at the same time the leaves are dark, covered with stains;
• with a sharp change in the light mode or watering, the tree can also reset the leaves, but in a week-other, adapts to new conditions;
• the dedication of foliage due to low temperatures or constant drafts can lead to his death.

Reproduction

Ficus Microcharp can be propagated by seeds, stalling, root stalling and growing air grain.

Seeds

Only the first method allows to obtain a three-dimensional sculpture trunk characteristic of the microcharp-bonsai, but it can only be able to use experts:

• material for sowing should be stored correctly, otherwise, his germination decreases sharply;
• sowing is carried out in spring after pre-moistening and seed stratification;
• they are placed in a flat container on the drainage layer and the moistened, slightly tumped soil, slightly sprinkle with the layer of sand and are covered with transparent material to create greenhouse conditions;
• hold with an extended light day at a temperature of 22-25 ° C - two or four weeks before the appearance of sprouts and then before the appearance of two real leaves;
• dive and fuse with constant spraying;
• two months after the dive searched at a permanent place of growth;
• the "continued" fikuses of the microcharp remove the trunks and leaves, after which they transplanted the roots, leaving over the ground most of them.

Thus, home attempts to get from seeds of a microchard church with a barrel characteristic view Without due experience and skills most often doomed to failure.

Cherenca

For reproduction with the top cuttings, semi-respected shoots are cut off, withstand 10-20 hours in water to remove the milky juice contained in them and rooted in clean warm water. It is periodically changed to fresh, adding some ashs from the posting.

After the appearance of the roots, they plant in the soil and are covered before the appearance of leaves with glass or polyethylene. Ficus microcarp obtained by shilling, it looks like a familiar Ficus Benjamin.

Air chains

Fikuses grown by air tanks are multiplying:

• retreating from the top about 50 cm, cut off by 8-12 mm bark from the barrel;
• the cut is wrapped with moisturized moss and top - film;
• after three weeks a month, the roots are growing in this place, after which the top is cut and disembawned.

Root process

The root processes are breed adults, fully formed plants: a small part of the root is cut off and disembodied, leaving over the surface of the soil by 2.5 cm. Create an effect of a greenhouse with a film, watered once a week, not forgetting regularly to ventilate. After the appearance of the sprout, they take care of the usual way.

Microcharp with a characteristic appearance in any ways, except growing from seeds, cannot be obtained.

Ficus microcharp does not require high time and strength to care for it, while original decoration Premises decorated in any style. Follow uncomplicated rules, not only by a specialist, but also far from the flower growing to an amateur to grow it and in normal form, and to form a bonsai tree.