Various types of liquid emulsions and various mastics are presented on the market with a huge selection. This demand is justified by the low cost and simple use of the material. Liquid waterproofing for concrete is divided into two types:

• liquid glass;

Waterproofing as liquid rubber

If insulation is used with liquid rubber (water base using polymer-bitumen material), a cold composition is applied to the concrete. The organic emulsion can be applied in several ways:

• spray gun;
• brush;
• roller.

If you use a spray gun, the job will be done faster. It is necessary to grind the bitumen into small pieces (almost into powder) and mix with water. Such a composition has minimal properties of heat and electrical conductivity. Its versatility is its main advantage. It is applied to various types of surfaces: plastic, stone, concrete and even iron. Bitumen in liquid form is used to waterproof foundations, ceilings, walls and artificial reservoirs... This list is not complete, the range of applications is quite extensive. Some craftsmen may add automotive paint to the mixture.

The advantage of this mixture is the absolute absence of seams. Concrete as a material is quite difficult to use. It has a rough surface and is covered with irregularities around the perimeter. That is why a liquid emulsion is used, which makes the top coat complete and creates a kind of film that prevents moisture from getting inside. In general, it has its advantages:

• resistance to external stimuli (changes in humidity and temperature);
• harmlessness organic matter; simple and quick application of the material;
• the elasticity of the mixture;
• smooth and continuous coating (increases the moisture resistance of the material);
• you can paint different areas if there was deformation.

There are also negative aspects that can affect the quality of the material:

• until the treated area is completely dry, it must be protected in order to avoid chips and damage to the coating;
• to increase the service life of the material, it must be covered with external protection;
• the mixture has a deep black color, which attracts the sun's rays like a magnet.

Therefore, you need to paint the perimeter in light color(without using a solvent) after the mixture is completely dry. It is better to apply waterproofing on a dry base, if the mixture is applied to a damp area, this can lead to the destruction of the structure. Coatings based on organic solvents and containing bitumen are used for well ventilated and outdoor areas. It is also better to apply them in small areas.

Such a mixture will remain elastic even after complete drying. This is good property, since with the deformation of the structure itself, the appearance of chips, cracks - the coating will only stretch a little. Compared to liquid glass, there will be no such effect.

Principles and technology of applying liquid rubber

First you need to prepare the surface for work. It needs to be cleaned, old areas dismantled, if necessary, moisture removed and degreased. A liquid bituminous coating can be applied even at the stage of hardening of the concrete mixture, immediately after a couple of days after pouring. This process will not in any way affect the waterproofing and the base itself. For good adhesion of the waterproofing to the base, the surface must be treated with a primer. Insulation with bituminous material should be carried out in non-hot seasons, if it is carried out in the summer (at a temperature of 50 ° C.), Then the quality of the mixture will significantly decrease. The emulsion itself is applied using a compressor; the optimal layer thickness should be 3-4 mm.

After the material must completely solidify, this happens about 5 hours after laying, at a temperature of 20-22˚С. The coating is applied in two layers, but not earlier than in a day. There is one caveat - if bituminous waterproofing apply with a roller or brush, then the first layer should be done with up / down movements. And already the second layer to the right / left. With this application of the material, the consumption will be 1m 2 per liter for one layer.

If it is not possible to apply a bituminous coating, then concrete waterproofing with liquid glass is used. When the solution interacts with the concrete coating, the mixture penetrates into all cavities, cracks in the form of crystals, such a solution is also waterproof. This waterproofing is used on all surfaces and areas as the previous one. The main difference between the coating is its property as an antiseptic - it prevents the formation of fungus on the surface. The service life of such material exceeds five years.

When using liquid glass, waterproofing is:

• coating;
• penetrating.

A silicate solution coating is applied with a brush in one or two layers. Then the surface needs to be treated with another material, for example, rolled, to protect the previous base. With this treatment, the solution fills all the unevenness of the cement. This method can be used even by a beginner, as it is quite easy to use.

Penetrating insulation is used locally, in places where seams and joints are sealed, and if you need to quickly eliminate the leak. You can add glass to the concrete solution itself, during the first work on a construction site.

Liquid glass: features

If it is necessary to protect the surface from moisture, waterproofing with liquid glass is used. It is worth remembering that its crystals solidify quickly. To save material, it is better to seek help from specialists.

The main advantages of the material:

• low consumption of the composition;
• low cost;
• good adhesion of the mixture to the base;
• after covering the area, a surface with a water-repellent effect is created.

The disadvantages of this mixture include:

• the composition is not elastic;
• the solution hardens in a short time, there are difficulties in application;
• used only as an additive to other species materials.

How to make the composition correctly: proportions

If glass needs to be added to concrete, then first the mixture is diluted with water, in a ratio of 1:15 or 1:10, then immediately added to the cement. Before processing, the surface must be well cleaned and scraped off. After application, the composition penetrates into the surface by about 2-3 mm. If necessary, the layer can be made larger. At 100% of the volume of the concrete mix, the glass should be no more than 5%. With a higher percentage, the mixture will quickly solidify, it is harder to work with such a solution.

In order for the structure of the glass not to change its appearance, the composition must be mixed only once. The work should be done quickly, until the solution hardens completely. There are other ratios of mixtures:

• if used as an impregnation, the proportion of water and glass is 1 to 0.4;
• as a plaster, the ratio of glass, cement and sand is 1: 2: 5;
• if the composition for the base and basement is used - 10: 1 (ratio cement mortar to the glass).

Basic rules when working with liquid glass material

The mixture has a rather thick consistency, quickly hardens and does not flow out of cracks and wall defects. When combined with water, an alkaline reaction occurs, although in its form the substance is harmless. If the composition comes into contact with the skin, rinse quickly running water... When working with liquid glass, rubber gloves should be used. There are several ways to apply the composition:

• roller;
• brush;
• spray gun.

Before applying the composition, you need to treat the surface well - remove all dirt, if you even need to scrape off old areas and defects. Then prime the surface and degrease (putty is used for this). An important nuance- glass is never added to the finished cement mixture. At the stage of mixing, it is added dry to concrete.

The waterproofing process itself is not so difficult if you follow the instructions:

1. First you need to clean the surface with sandpaper or a metal brush.
2. Apply primer and degrease.
3. Apply the composition in two layers, to improve the quality, you can use 3 or even 4 layers. When applying the composition, first take a spatula, then pass the surface with a roller to eliminate small defects (bubbles).
4. At the end of the work, you can walk with a squeegee.

The waterproofing layer will average 4-5 mm. Each coat is applied after at least 30 minutes.

Why does concrete need to be insulated? This is necessary to protect the base from moisture and corrosion, even if the composition has been correctly calculated and applied.

Over time, any coating can deform. Liquid concrete waterproofing provides reliability and ease of use.

Concrete structures are considered to be the standard of strength. This influenced not only the priorities of the builders in many cases, but even the popular culture... The problem is that no mechanical strength does not allow buildings from artificial stone and their individual parts to resist the destructive action of water.

Peculiarities

Waterproofing of concrete is often carried out during renovation, construction and renovation work. The aim is to improve the quality parameters of the building and increase its resistance to water of various origins.

Along with roll materials, penetrating waterproofing is widely used. It does not stop the liquid on its way, but makes the thickness of the material impervious to it. The advantage of this option is the protection of the entire surface at once, the ability to guarantee coverage even with continuous action of water (in the pool, reservoir).

Roll material is not suitable for permanently wet surfaces. But it also has advantages over penetration solutions, such as:

• the ability to protect those walls and parts that already have cracks or may have them in the future;
• covering brick parts not only in the surface layer;
• protection of porous concrete;
• suitability for finishing the foundation.

The penetrating material is mixed with water and coated onto damp surfaces. Waterproofing is provided by the systematic penetration of the solution into the pores. Crystallization forms a continuous band of cover, guaranteeing the building's resistance to water. Depth of waterproofing leakage at favorable conditions can reach 0.3–0.4 m. If initially there are microscopic pores and capillaries, as well as microcracks saturated with crystals, the treatment reduces the penetration of water several times.

Views

Coating waterproofing is now increasingly used and is successfully replacing older solutions based on bitumen. Its advantage lies in the fact that the formed coating initially has high adhesion to concrete surfaces and, in fact, becomes a single whole with them.

The most advanced coating variations provide pressure and pull-off watertightness - they are suitable for protecting the walls of pools and tanks. Others positive sides are as follows:

• the possibility of using in a buried and basement room;
• resistance to cracking under dynamic load;
• steam passage outside;
• ease of installation;
• the possibility of using on wet concrete.

Cement coating is subdivided into plastering and penetrating. average value its consumption is 3500 g per 1 sq. m with a layer of 0.2 cm. Such coatings can be used to protect both vertical and horizontal structures. But have mineral mixtures often lacks elasticity, the ability to withstand vibration.

The addition of liquid glass is used for waterproofing concrete no less often than cement compositions.

Such processing allows you to form a monolithic contour without a single seam, confidently resisting not only liquid, but also mold and other fungi. Glass option suitable for geometrically complex architectural details and hard-to-reach areas. A small light layer effectively replaces several heavy windings at once. There is no slightest risk of inflammation, poisoning. The coating will not break even at high temperatures.

Glass protection is so effective that it is used in tropical and arctic conditions, and for large pools.

But there are still weaknesses. So, the film formed by liquid glass is fragile and must be covered from the outside with other materials. You need to work with the mixture quickly so that it does not freeze prematurely. Therefore, along with liquid glass, other waterproofing compositions of deep penetration are often used.

They work for the most part on three principles such as:

• osmosis (introduction of molecules in a diffuse way);
• Brownian motion;
• surface tension of liquids entering the capillaries of concrete.

The required effect is also achieved due to various chemical reactions occurring in the thickness of the stone. But all this is interesting mainly for specialists, and for ordinary builders and home owners, it is important that impregnated special mixtures the concrete remains permeable to steam. Practice shows that penetrating waterproofing is equally acceptable for prefabricated and monolithic structures. Crack resistance is of no particular importance - as long as the grade of the material is not lower than M100.

Experience has shown that penetration treatments are effective for the following:

• hydraulic engineering and port complexes;
• foundations, cellars and basements;
• fire tanks;
• elevator shafts, balconies, parking complexes;
• air passages between buildings;
• tunnels and bunkers.

Penetrating insulation can be made of dry mixtures, on the basis of which a one-component binder solution is mixed, or with the help of ready-made liquid reagents.

Strictly speaking, liquid glass and liquid rubber belong to the same category. Dry waterproofing attracts the attention of builders in that it does not require complex equipment or sophisticated work skills. The only exception to this rule is roll coverings. Dry concrete mix easily sticks to any surface, but after drying it can crack.

The solution version is formed from fractions less than 0.5 cm.The chemical base is quartz sand and some other minerals with polymer additives. In addition to protecting against water, such compounds help to make walls stronger. Again, the steam regime of the structure is not disturbed. With the help of mortar waterproofing, you can insulate foundations to the depth of soil freezing.

The impregnation waterproofing system is attractive in that it can be used selectively on those structural elements that are experiencing a particularly powerful load. It can be used both on completely new and already used objects. Most often, bitumen or synthesized resins are taken for impregnation.

Note: Despite the relative simplicity of the method, the best results are achieved using finished products manufactured at the factory. With all the desire to ensure comparable performance, using the sealant directly on construction sites, does not work.

Scope of application

Waterproofing surfaces concrete slabs required for items such as:

• intervals separating strip base from the pillar foundation;
• bearing parts of the foundation;
• ceiling tiles.

Waterproofing is applied either from below or on external walls. In most cases, deep penetration mixtures are chosen. Their purpose is not limited to blocking the capillary movements of water, it is also important to strengthen the technological seams. In a number of situations, polymer plaster compounds are used. Sometimes it is technologically justified to combine the processing of mastic and the laying of rolls poured over the surface and penetrating into the thickness of the material.

Important: Penetrating waterproofing requires great care.

Any manipulation with it is permissible only when wearing personal protective equipment, namely:

• impenetrable glasses;
• respirators;
• rubber gloves.

The presence of dust particles and efflorescence on the surface is unacceptable. Loose concrete is supposed to be knocked down. All seams and cracked places are covered with strobes, so that in these areas the penetration is even deeper than along the wall as a whole.

The penetrating mixture is applied in two steps, and the second treatment is carried out when the initial portion grabs a little, but has not yet had time to dry. Further, the finished surface will have to be continuously moistened for 72 hours. The slightest mechanical impact on it or lowering the temperature to negative values ​​is unacceptable.

Protection against water of aerated concrete blocks and structures during outdoor work has its own characteristics. Aerated concrete absorbs moisture extremely intensively, much more than basic Construction Materials... On the walls, the required degree of insulation is provided by plaster with a thickness of 0.8 cm. As with the preparation of other surfaces, it is very important to remove all dirt and foreign deposits. Profile grooves are cleaned as thoroughly as possible.

Aerated concrete must be primed before hydrophobic treatment.

The choice of the composition for this purpose is determined mainly by the possible costs and the climate of a particular area. The primer is always applied at a minimum of +2 degrees. A prerequisite for success is the protection of cold concreting joints. It is these areas, both in aerated concrete and in other varieties of artificial stone, that are the weakest links.

The choice of the method of waterproofing the joint is determined by the following features:

• the category of the underlying soil;
• the magnitude of temperature differences (seasonal and daily);
• chemical aggressiveness of water;
• the size of the load;
• option of seam mobility;
• the quality of the building materials used and so on.

You can use acrylate bore holes, waterstop, acrylic-based gel and other injection mixtures. Many experts prefer to use several options at once, but each combination should be selected individually for all homes. After all, any method of isolating the seam from water has both positive and negative sides... So, the dowels do not tolerate high hydrostatic pressure poorly; only fixed seams can be protected with non-shrinking mixtures.

If it is required to correct the problems that arose during the construction of houses from aerated concrete, foam concrete, or to carry out repairs without dismantling, injection techniques are recommended.

A special technique is needed for waterproofing the joints of the floor slabs under the laminate. Typical solutions turn out to be the following:

• pouring liquid materials;
• the formation of a screed from waterproof concrete;
• layout of rolls;
• placement of polyethylene (from 50 microns only as an addition to other protection options).

Concrete bases are covered mainly with isolon, foamed polyethylene, cork (autonomously and in combination with bitumen) or EPS.

Initially, all joints, wall intersections and slab boundaries are cleaned. It is strongly unacceptable to leave loose plaster or the slightest deposits of debris. Waterproofing is preceded by the application of a deep-penetrating primer. The overlap of the roll blocks is exactly 100 mm. Spatulas with a wide blade are used to level bitumen, polymers or asphalt. Raid plastic films on top of each other is 150 mm, without a polyethylene padding, no protection can be considered complete.

All screeds on the street are subject to mandatory waterproofing, because they are open to the weather. In those places where the level groundwater very high, it is imperative to take them away, and make the screed itself as powerful as possible. Compacted clay is usually placed under the waterproofing layer. Bituminous materials are laid in three layers, when using polymer coatings you can limit yourself to one line.

Hydraulic insulation of concrete with special compounds is important when building new buildings and preserving existing ones. With proper processing of old foundations with protective materials from dampness, buildings are operated for a long period. The most common disadvantage of old buildings is corrosion of iron reinforcement. The applied means allow to get rid of the deficiency and to operate concrete buildings longer.

Penetration of an aggressive environment and salt substances into the finished structure destroys concrete and iron from the inside. Therefore, concrete additives for waterproofing can prevent such factors. Also, treatments are used to achieve the same result on finished structures.

Description of the concrete waterproofing process

Penetrating concrete waterproofing uses a wide variety of preparations offered by the industry. But some of them have proven themselves better than others and are chosen by builders more often. Penetron concrete waterproofing belongs to the category of the most selected materials. She works on strategically important buildings, such as bridges, or rather their concrete part, which sinks into water streams, concrete walls on embankments that protect cities from rising water in rivers. Also, the composition is able to protect the structure from temperature extremes and constant exposure to water. For a long time, hydraulic isolation means were used, which covered only the surface with a protective layer in the form of a film coating, and with a small scratch, water flows seeped inside and continued their destructive properties.

Now new tests have made it possible to create a material that is very different in composition from the previous ones, which, covering the concrete part, not only insulates it from above, but also penetrates inside, seeping through all possible ways, small capillaries and grooves. He, processing concrete, copes with corrosion and destruction.

Benefits of Penetrating Insulation

Penetrating insulation helps to contain the effects on concrete of factors such as:
High chlorine content in water, destroying metal parts of the concrete structure and corrosive metal,
Frequent wetting of a building on the street, exposure to concrete changes in the seasons, radiation during solar activity. Penetron, combining with a concrete carrier, increases its density, which allows it to stoically resist the effects of aggression from nature.
The composition, when it hits the depressions and small cracks, filling them, performs the process of overgrowing, that is, they are tightened with the mixture and completely disappear.

How does Penetron mix work?

Application building mixture provides for diluting it with water to a state of thick sour cream and applying it to a surface moistened with water in advance. You can spread the composition with a brush or roller. First, corners and places with grooves and cracks are processed. Then it is rolled out over the entire necessary part of the concrete.

When applied, the components of the creamy mixture penetrate into the thickness through the capillaries and depressions and clog them. When interacting with the concrete base, an impregnated crystalline crust is formed, which strengthens and makes the concrete strong. Crystals interfere with the penetration of moisture, but freely pass air currents, which allows you to maintain a favorable atmosphere in buildings. When applied, a mixture of penetron can be used to treat external walls and in the middle of buildings, which will create a completely impenetrable protection.

In other words, it is an effective compound that treats concrete in a comprehensive manner and in the event of any damage and cracks, the mixture with the help of crystalline formations tightens problem areas and the protection becomes complete again.

Liquid waterproofing method

Liquid waterproofing of concrete is the next treatment method. The adhesion of every millimeter is important point... Otherwise, what is the use of processing if it is not adhered to the entire surface and has gaps.

This occurs when applying roll hydraulic insulators, through which air penetrates in some places, and then water.

The complexity of processing a concrete base is that it is difficult to make it even and rough, wavy surfaces do not allow for good hydraulic insulation. This is where the method comes to the rescue, in which full coverage is made and the impossibility of omissions arises. Liquid rubber will cover the entire surface, both before and after leveling.

For the application of liquid hydraulic insulation to the floor, a pre-screed is made, but only in order to save material. But in those cases when it is necessary to make hydraulic insulation inside the concrete, that is, to make it and to do the pouring and screed from above, liquid rubber is just what is needed.

The more curved the surface, the harder it is to make complete hydraulic isolation, but this does not apply to the composition of liquid rubber, it freely covers up all structural errors.

Another important fact is that liquid rubber can be applied to a not quite dry concrete layer. That is, the applied rubber composition on the concrete base, which was poured five days ago, will waterproof it and will not lag anywhere, and the floor part can be hydraulically protected already on the third day after pouring.

Bitumen and other insulators work only on a dry and clean substrate. Before applying, you need to check that there are no puddles on the base, they are not visible to the eye, so you can move your hand and see if it is dry or not. If there are places where the hand will feel a little moisture, you need to dry these areas. How to dry, you can blot with a piece of foam rubber. If the hand does not feel moisture, and the surface is cold and slightly damp, you can spray the rubber protection.

Rubber makes a full, seamless full-surface spacesuit. That is, when covering, not even a hint of any connecting overlap is formed. Complete steam and hydraulic isolation occurs. It turns out that the area treated with rubber is enveloped from all sides. Excellent protection against moisture and gaseous substances.

Benefits of Liquid Rubber

Formaldehyde, minor damage:

• Hydrochloric acid, only harmful at high temperatures,
• Hydrogen sulfide does no harm.

Liquid rubber protects concrete substrates from water and chemicals, but will not protect them from mechanical rupture. Therefore, usually on top of the applied composition, if it is a floor, a screed is made, and a coating of other materials is applied to the sidewalls.

Waterproofing materials

If it is necessary to hydraulically isolate concrete plates of the foundation from the outside, then for the impossibility of damage, foam or insulation is placed on top of the rubberized base, and so backfill is performed.

When waterproofing concrete, different materials are offered, consisting of mastics containing bitumen and polymers. Technoprok produces environmentally friendly and high-quality mastics for insulating concrete surfaces.

Do-it-yourself concrete waterproofing can be done with Rapidflex and Technoprok brands of liquid rubber. These are emulsion compositions that can be used to treat basements and other concrete rooms on their own, but using equipment adapted for this. Rubber compounds are not applied with brushes and rollers, they must be sprayed onto the surface so that the liquid is evenly distributed and adhered.

Materials for liquid waterproofing

To work with a brush, you can independently use coating liquid rubbers, which are produced in the form of a paste. Elastopaz or Elastomix materials have such a consistency that they can be worked with a spatula or brush.

In order for these rubbers to adhere well to the concrete base, its surface must be coated with primers, which will contribute to the good adhesion of liquid rubber and concrete. Hydraulic insulation with liquid rubber compounds protects against water and radon.

When using the adapted equipment and spraying the room with rubber, the whole process takes place as follows. On a well-cleaned surface, vacuumed and free of debris, begin application, layer by layer of liquid rubber.

During work, it is advisable not to stop and spray in uniform strips. All work should be done quickly, since the rubber composition quickly hardens and a solid crust is obtained.

Protection of buildings

Protective work for concrete structures is simply necessary, whatever the concrete, with the correct mixing proportions, with the addition of an additive to concrete for waterproofing, with the use of various additives, without additional protective film, it will eventually deteriorate and deteriorate. Corrosive processes take place, but if you carry out additional work in terms of protection against them, concrete can serve for a long time.

The concrete structures built by the ancient Romans have survived to this day, but, of course, now no one plans to build such durable buildings, but the foundation can be kept in good condition for 50-70 years.

When processing and hydraulic isolation in own homes special compounds should be used to close all kinds of cracks and treat corners. Mastic for waterproofing concrete will close the access of moisture through the small cracks formed during drying. It is used to treat the entire surface before applying any type of hydraulic insulation, except for penetrating and using liquid glass. In all other ways, it will help to improve the water-repellent work of hydraulic insulation, fill and even out construction errors and prevent the concrete base from starting to collapse at joints and chips.

Liquid glass for waterproofing

There are several options for hydraulic isolation, which are used for work on large construction sites and for protecting home buildings from water. Waterproofing concrete with liquid glass is one of the options. At home, it is used quite rarely, since the composition has the ability to quickly crystallize and solidify. Of course, sometimes when building pits for storing water reserves, liquid glass in a powdery state is added to the mixed concrete, before it is poured into the prepared and installed formwork. It is quickly mixed, and the composition is compacted in the formwork.

This additive allows you to preserve the integrity of the concrete for a long time and prevent water from flowing out. In addition, the added powder protects against the appearance of cracks through which water will seep, but such a pit is short-lived and will have to be additionally isolated over time.

Construction crews use glass additives when mixing in special equipment, which prevents the glass from crystallizing ahead of time and the prepared concrete will be more durable. There are also options for applying glass to the surface. There is soda glass, which has increased stickiness and interacts well with mineral components. This category is used when adding to the foundation and in the manufacture of antiseptic and fire-resistant impregnations.

Potassium water glass is resistant to the atmosphere and is used in the manufacture of dyes. Treatment with liquid glass compositions is often used to protect architectural monuments made of concrete, since the applied glass covers the entire surface with a continuous crystal-like film and water with wind will not be able to destroy the statues. It is also used in places where a fire hazard may arise, and glass, unlike rubber, will not burn and retain the protective layer.

When adding liquid glass to concrete solutions, precautions must be taken. So that the concrete is not damaged, you need to quickly knead and roll out or pour the ready-made mortar. Before adding, liquid glass is diluted in a ratio of 1: 2 with water. It can be added to the solution and simply sprayed onto the surface from a spray bottle. A layer of liquid glass will restore weathered areas of the concrete base and create an antiseptic protection.

Description of the work process

Before use, the entire surface is cleaned of dust, leveled and treated with degreasing compounds. For application to the surface, a spray gun is used, while the penetration of glass into concrete occurs by 1-2 mm. If it is necessary to increase the protective layer, then it must be applied several times, thus increasing the penetration up to 2 cm.

When processing wooden products, you can place it in a vessel with liquid glass for full coverage and impregnation. For basements, you can add 1 liter of glass to the plaster for every 10 liters of mortar. Liquid glass is used for hydraulic insulation of basements, screeds, wells and other buildings, as well as for corrosion protection of metal. Wooden floors are cleaned with sandpaper before being treated with liquid glass. Before starting work, all surfaces are well cleaned.

There are several formulations that are used for hydraulic isolation. Now developed are those that do not have rapid drying and can be used at home without the use of special equipment. These compounds are diluted with water in a 1: 2 ratio and applied with a brush to the concrete base. The work process is the same as when painting. The composition of the glass has such a feature that if the surface was not completely even, then the use of the composition will level it, remove roughness and close small cracks.

The use of a new composition of liquid glass makes it possible at home to make quick hydraulic protection of basements, bathrooms, wooden buildings, sewer concrete drains and wells.

The construction of a house will not last long if the foundation is not protected from moisture. Concrete is the basis of the foundation, it is strong and durable, but it is not able to endure a humid environment for a long time. From above, this part of the house is affected by precipitation, while from below - soil and groundwater. To this should be added the heaving and pressure of the soil, the chemicals that are contained in the water, as well as the temperature difference in the ground and underground parts foundation.

The need for waterproofing

If the base is not isolated at the time of construction, then in a couple of years you will have to pay a much larger amount for the restoration of the material.

Waterproofing is presented today in a huge assortment, it can be:

• mastic;
• roll;
• liquid.

The latter type is more effective, with its help you can create a seamless contour and cut off the path of moisture inside the structure.

Varieties of liquid waterproofing

Liquid waterproofing for concrete is represented by several materials, the most common are liquid rubber and liquid glass. Manufacturers declare only the advantages of these solutions, but in practice it turns out that the disadvantages are also present. If we compare liquid rubber and glass with rolled bituminous materials, as well as membrane films, then the former will differ in the ease of application to the base of the most different forms... The material is able to penetrate even hard-to-reach places.

Using water glass or rubber, you can create a layer that is more resistant to moisture than bituminous materials.

The technology of concrete waterproofing with liquid glass does not provide for heating the material, which makes it easier to apply and increases the level fire safety... The resulting layer is non-toxic, it does not float in the heat, and also does not ignite. These materials are capable of replacing several layers of roll waterproofing at once, however, the application should be carried out in a rather thin layer, so the final weight is insignificant.

Scope of use

Liquid rubber and glass are able to adhere well to any surfaces. These advantages have significantly expanded the field of use of the described materials, therefore, today they are used to waterproof structures and rooms with the constant presence of water.

These should include:

• bath tubs;
• fountains;
• pool foundation bowls.

Reviews about liquid glass

In construction hypermarkets, in particular in "Leroy", liquid waterproofing of concrete is offered in a wide range. Among other materials, liquid glass should be distinguished, the service life of which is 5 years. This does not mean at all that after this period the foundation will lose its protection. Glass in the process of operation will only gradually self-destruct, and the process will begin from the surface layers. According to consumers, the reinforced layer will become 1 mm thinner over the course of a year. If you apply liquid glass with a layer of up to 5 mm, then the material will completely lose its properties in the tenth year.

However, users emphasize that waterproofing can be provided more long term operation if you cover it protective paint... When consumers use a liquid penetrating waterproofing for concrete, they emphasize another nuance, which can be called a minus and a plus. It is expressed in instant crystallization. The solution should be applied very quickly, in otherwise it will grab and not be fit for the job. If you do not have practice, then it is better to entrust the matter to a professional, since the material can simply be ruined.

Fast setting becomes an advantage, according to buyers, when it is necessary to cover a concrete pool bowl located close to groundwater. In this case, we are talking about structures that manage to fill with water in one evening. In humid conditions, waterproofing work can be carried out not with every material, to be precise - only with liquid glass. In 4 hours, the surface is completely dry and forms an impenetrable film.

If you decide to use liquid glass for waterproofing concrete, the instructions must be read by you. From it you can find out that using this material, it is important to observe the dosage. If you mix the material with a composition like a concrete mixture, then there should not be an increased dose, since the solution will turn out to be "oak" and will not adapt to the structure. In this case, the seams will be torn, as will the joints. In addition, according to consumers, the coating will be unstable to damage, and cracks will appear if accidentally hit.

Liquid waterproofing for concrete is one of the most effective. If you decide to use liquid glass, then you can apply for application:

• brush;
• roller;
• brush.

Depending on what the final goals are, the proportion of the mixture should be chosen.

When it is planned to lay roll material on top of the laid layer, then the waterproofing is made superficial. To do this, glass is diluted with concrete and applied with a brush or spray gun in two layers. The mixture will penetrate into the foundation by 2 mm, filling cracks and micropores.

Liquid waterproofing for concrete can also be used when the foundation is prefabricated. In this case, it is required to insulate the seams using a composition of cement and water glass. To create lasting monolithic foundation liquid glass should be added to the solution. It is important to consider the dosage, otherwise the structural strength will suffer. Pouring the foundation should be carried out by several people who will produce the mixture until it sets.

Sometimes liquid glass is used for In this case, work is usually carried out to restore the foundation, which began to collapse during operation. To do this, holes are made in individual parts of the structure using a perforator, and then the prepared mixture is pumped inside. It is unlikely that there is specific equipment in the house, therefore, such work is usually trusted by professionals, and it is easy to overdo it with the dosage.

Features of applying liquid rubber

Liquid waterproofing for concrete is offered for sale in the form of rubber. This is a ready-made compound that is applied with a roller or brush. Mixtures are cheaper if they are intended to be applied in several layers. It should be remembered that after opening the package, the rubber will not be stored, so it must be used up immediately. This waterproofing technology is time-consuming and unable to provide deep penetration.

You can use a two-component compound, such as a bitumen emulsion, which is mixed with the polymers during operation and applied by spraying. This will require special equipment... The composition is hammered by the force of pressure into the base quite firmly. This allows you to reduce the consumption of material, and if you carry out the work by spraying, you will have to use the services of specialists.

Features of liquid rubber

Price liquid waterproofing for concrete will be mentioned below. However, cost is not the only thing to know before purchasing a product. When choosing a solution to protect the foundation, you should pay attention to the features of liquid rubber, which remains elastic even after drying. This indicates that ground movements and house shrinkage will not affect the integrity of the formed layer. The material will only stretch slightly in places where the foundation is cracked or shrink when displaced. If we compare rubber with liquid glass, then the latter does not have such abilities.

The cost of liquid waterproofing

The price of liquid glass for concrete waterproofing is 249 rubles. for 10 liters. This is 15 kg of solution. As for liquid glass, 1 kg of material can be purchased for 155 rubles. Consumption of this waterproofing for one square meter will be approximately 6 kg. The indicator may vary depending on the porosity. Sometimes it reaches 3 kg per square meter.

Conclusion

In order to achieve a positive result when waterproofing the foundation with liquid-type materials, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technology. For example, liquid rubber should be applied exclusively to dry surfaces, but manufacturers claim that the coating will dry even if the foundation remains wet. And for the material there is no difference - the base was dry or wet; the problem is that the water inside the foundation, after the completion of waterproofing work, simply does not find a way out.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete is a mixture that is used to protect foundations and other parts of a building from moisture. It is used in both private and industrial construction. The composition of such a mixture includes cement, sand, as well as various chemical components. The depth of penetration of active substances into the concrete is 10-12 cm. This allows you to reliably protect the foundation from moisture and extend its service life.

Concrete blocks, which are part of the foundation, are exposed to moisture throughout the entire operation. Precipitation contributes to the erosion of the base of the building, which can lead to serious consequences. Concrete has microcracks, through which moisture penetrates, getting into the basement.

It is also worth noting that water passes not only through microscopic cracks in the concrete structure, but also through the seams that are located between the individual structural elements. These places are vulnerable and also need reliable protection... Brickwork is not self-resistant to moisture.

In order to protect the foundation or any other structure (for example, a garage floor made of cement), it is customary to use penetrating waterproofing for concrete. It is most often applied during the construction phase of a house. But in the case when the house has already been built and there is a problem with moisture in the basement, then the waterproofing is applied from the inside.

How it works protective composition simple and straightforward. After its application to concrete, the process of absorption of chemical additives through microcracks begins. In case of contact with water, the mixture filling the capillaries of the block crystallizes. These crystals fill the empty space and prevent subsequent moisture penetration. It is important to note that they do not dissolve in water.

Helpful information! In addition to waterproof qualities, such an impregnation strengthens concrete material, makes it more durable and wear-resistant.

To apply such a mixture, a wet surface is required, which distinguishes it from roll coatings and bitumen-based mastics. Before you buy a penetrating waterproofing for concrete, you should clearly understand the principle of its action.

Penetrating mixtures protect the foundation not only from moisture, but also from mold and mildew. The process, which is based on the interaction of free lime and moisture, allows you to reliably close the pores in the concrete structure and protect the structure from destructive factors.

When is concrete waterproofing applied?

To accelerate the process of penetration of waterproofing substances into the concrete material, it is necessary to apply the composition to a wet surface. This method is very popular when it is necessary to carry out the reconstruction of the premises. Often, penetrating compositions are used when it is not possible to apply another method of protection.

Penetrating substances are actively exploited to protect the foundations of private residential buildings from moisture. Industrial building are also included in the list of objects that are processed with this type of waterproofing. Impact high humidity objects can be exposed:

• cellars;
• wells;
• swimming pools;
• bathrooms.

This waterproofing material for concrete is not very popular, as some people simply do not know about its existence. However, the application of bituminous mastics is accompanied by certain difficulties, since they harden very quickly. In turn, roll materials do not guarantee one hundred percent protection of concrete from the destructive effects of moisture.

The main characteristics of penetrating waterproofing for the foundation

Waterproofing of any structure can be carried out even at the construction stage. Moreover, many experts recommend using this particular method. It takes into account the addition of dry matter to the cement slurry. Such a mixture affects the structure of the future foundation, the waterproofing properties of which are manifested from the very beginning.

Concrete additives for waterproofing help to protect the foundation from the effects of precipitation and water in the ground at all points without exception. The operational life of this insulation will be equal to the shelf life of the foundation itself, since they are a single whole.

Note! Crystals that form in microscopic pores are resistant to water. They can collapse, allowing water to pass through, but even in this case, they recover over time. This type of regeneration ensures a high degree of foundation protection.

Advantages of penetrating waterproofing for the foundation

An important advantage of such additives is their ability to speed up the process of building a house. This is because their use eliminates the need for concrete drying. Thus, time is saved due to the penetrating waterproofing for concrete. Reviews of such formulations are mostly positive.

When applying the mixture to a concrete surface, you need to know that it must be wet. Moreover, the higher this indicator, the faster the crystallization reaction occurs inside the pores. The material itself does not lose its properties after processing, retaining all useful technical characteristics, such as:

• breathability;
• vapor permeability;
• resistance to temperature fluctuations;
• mobility.

The only indicator that undergoes a change after waterproofing is applied is water resistance. Such insulation is the most acceptable solution when it is necessary to protect the foundation of an already finished structure from moisture. This is due to the fact that it eliminates the need to excavate the base. You can buy waterproofing for concrete in a specialized store or place an order online.

The penetrating composition provides reliable waterproofing protection, regardless of which side it was applied to the foundation. The groundwater pressure in this case also has no effect on the quality of protection. The insulated surface, as well as all seams and butt points, become immune not only to moisture, but also to an aggressive environment with different Ph values.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete: disadvantages

Any of the existing insulation today has some disadvantages. The high performance of penetrating compounds makes them the most suitable for the protection of foundations and other structures, but they are not ideal. The main disadvantage of such mixtures is that they are recommended to be used in combination with other waterproofing agents. For example, to protect the foundation joints from moisture, it is recommended to purchase a special substance designed for this.

Another disadvantage of penetrating water insulation is that it is quite expensive. Depending on the brand and specialization of the mixture, the price of concrete waterproofing can vary from 50 to 350 rubles. for 1 kg.

Note! Typically, this type of insulation is sold in bags weighing 25 kg.

Before starting work on applying such a composition to the surface, it is necessary to carry out preliminary preparation. It is very important to clean the wall so that no (even minimal) dirt remains on it. Otherwise, the composition will not be well absorbed into the material. And also it is worthwhile to degrease the surface in advance. Experts recommend using a garden hose to clean the wall, as the water that comes out of it under pressure does this very well.

The cost of a waterproofing material can vary greatly depending on its type and brand. The most economical and reliable option is Lakhta penetrating waterproofing. You can buy such a mixture for a very reasonable price (80-100 rubles per 1 kg).

All of the above manipulations are necessary in order to provide free access to microscopic pores. If there are large gaps and cracks in the concrete walls, they must be repaired. It is recommended to cover up such defects with cement mortar. This option is the most acceptable and simple.

It is also worth noting that waterproofing mixtures this type does not work if used to protect the surface brickwork... With their help, you can only protect and strengthen the seams in such a structure. Thus, for brickwork, it is better to use the more common and familiar protection options.

Nevertheless, taking into account all the disadvantages, today there is no more effective means for waterproofing concrete structures. Before purchasing this composition, it is recommended to study the companies that manufacture it. This will allow you to select the maximum reliable remedy for a very reasonable price.

Penetrating waterproofing: an overview of popular brands

Currently, the construction market abounds various materials designed to protect the foundation. Penetrating insulation for concrete is no exception. It is being implemented by different companies, each of which has its own pros and cons. Experts do not recommend buying the cheapest formulations, since they are often not of high quality.

The middle price range is the most acceptable, as it includes good, quality brands compositions. When choosing the right product, you should consult with the seller. And also, before you buy penetrating waterproofing, it will be useful to study reviews about it on the Internet. Today, the following brands of penetrating mixtures are most common and effective:

• Penetron;
• Lakhta;
• Kalmatron.

The first option is the most common. It has been used for about half a century all over the world. Lakhta is distinguished by a variety of choices. And the mixture of the Kalmatron brand is considered the most versatile penetrating waterproofing. Pools, wells, cellars and balconies - all of these structures can be protected by using the products of this manufacturer. There are many other brands that differ in their composition, application and action. However, the aforementioned companies have proven themselves best in the production of products for the protection of concrete structures.

Penetron penetrating waterproofing: characteristics

Penetron brand building compounds are used not only for private, but also for industrial purposes. These mixtures have appeared quite a long time ago, and the effectiveness of their use has been tested by time. This mixture contains sand (quartz) and active chemical compounds.

The cost of such a penetrating composition is quite high - 250-300 rubles. for 1 kg. However, its technical characteristics fully justify the price. Penetron penetrating waterproofing allows you to protect not only the foundation, but also walls and floors made of concrete. Penetron consumption is quite simple to calculate, since about 1 kg of composition is required to protect 1 m².

Note! Be careful, as domestic markets are filled with all sorts of fakes that can cost much less than the original. The quality of such mixtures is in question, so you should not save on waterproofing the foundation and other concrete structures.

Penetron penetrating waterproofing for concrete is used to protect wells, pools, floors and walls in bathrooms and garages from water. Before using such a composition, it is advisable to read the instructions and watch a training video in which all the nuances of the work will be described in detail.

Related article:

Performance waterproofing works on the foundation with roll materials different types: detailed instructions.

Features of penetrating waterproofing Lakhta

The Lakhta brand is domestic, and its distinctive feature consists in a wide range of dry mixes used for concrete waterproofing. The products of this brand are used for various tasks, including for enhancing the waterproofness of the seams.

The principle of operation of such mixtures is the same as in the case of Penetron waterproofing material. Active chemical components penetrate into the pores of the concrete structure and crystallize when interacting with water. Before proceeding with the application of Lakhta waterproofing, it is necessary to prepare the concrete surface.

The cost of this mixture is lower than the previous composition, but the products have a fairly good feedback... The price for 1 kg of the substance is approximately 120-180 rubles. In terms of technical characteristics, such insulation is practically in no way inferior to the composition of Penetron. The price of penetrating waterproofing Lakhta determines its popularity and prevalence in construction market.

This mixture is used to protect industrial and domestic concrete structures from moisture. With the help of such waterproofing, you can strengthen the waterproofing of walls and floors in a cellar or garage. It is also actively used to protect swimming pools, bathrooms and balconies.

Penetrating waterproofing Kalmatron: price and properties

The composition of this brand allows you to quickly and effectively eliminate small leaks that destroy the foundation of the building. This mixture helps to strengthen the surface strength of the concrete material. A feature of the Kalmatron waterproofing substance is its versatility. Compositions of this type are used to isolate the following materials from moisture:

• concrete;
• reinforced concrete;
• bricks;
• foam concrete;
• aerated concrete.

The price of penetrating waterproofing for concrete of this brand is the most attractive of all the brands presented. The cost of 1 kg of the product is about 80-100 rubles. Thus, for a bag, the volume of which is 25 kg, you will need to pay approximately 2000-2500 rubles. Such compositions can be used both during construction and during the operation of concrete structures. Domestic consumers note the rather good waterproofing properties of the Kalmatron compositions.

Helpful information! Before purchasing this waterproofing material, there is one important point to consider. It is not recommended to use it if the Ph level at the object is in the range from 3 to 11.

Liquid waterproofing for concrete: characteristics

In addition to dry mixes, there are other ways to protect concrete structures from the harmful effects of moisture. One of them is the use of liquid waterproofing. Today you can find a variety of liquid materials of this type, but the most common are the following:

• liquid rubber;

These materials have both advantages and disadvantages. Before purchasing one of them, it is recommended to study the specifics of their use. Liquid products are much easier to work with, especially when compared with bituminous mastics, membrane films and roll products.

You can buy liquid waterproofing for concrete on the construction market, in a store or on the Internet. The cost of such formulations is about 2 times higher when compared with dry mixtures. Liquid substances that make concrete waterproof are also convenient because they can be applied to uneven surfaces.

The nuances of using liquid waterproofing for concrete

The process of applying a protective composition itself is quite simple. It does not involve heating the mixture, as is the case with bituminous mastic... It is also worth noting that the quality of this type of waterproofing is very high. Among other advantages of a liquid mixture, one can single out the fact that it does not cause any harm to human health, since it does not emit active chemical compounds.

Liquid water insulation is resistant to high temperatures, so in summer you should not be afraid that it will start to melt. Such material is great alternative roll and other insulators.

Liquid glass for concrete waterproofing is applied using the following tools: brush, construction roller. The viscosity of the composition resembles the density of PVA glue. Such a mixture is applied in a thin layer, which, after drying, requires additional protection. This is due to the fact that the finished layer has poor resistance to mechanical stress.

This type of penetrating insulation achieves excellent results. Impregnants based on dry mixes increase water resistance, and liquid formulations make concrete structure practically invulnerable to water. But this method also has some disadvantages. For example, DIY a layer required thickness pretty hard. Therefore, it is better to use the services of a professional.

Characteristics of a waterproofing coating for concrete

Many people confuse impregnation with lined insulation. This is not surprising, since they are very similar in their properties. Both of these types of waterproofing must be applied to the surface of the structure, after which they penetrate through microcracks deep into the concrete. The difference between the impregnation and the coating mixture is that it protects the concrete from moisture, penetrating quite deep into the blocks. In turn, the coating mixture makes only the concrete surface waterproof.

Helpful information! Penetrating coating waterproofing absorbs into the concrete material shallowly, just enough to ensure reliable and effective adhesion to it. This is the main difference between impregnation and coating.

A very important point is that a layer that has such a small thickness must be applied correctly. Otherwise, it will not cope with its functions.

The requirements for modern coating materials that ensure the impermeability of concrete to moisture are very high. It is important to note that in the case of applying a waterproofer from the side that resists the movement of moisture, claims against the material increase. This is due to the fact that it must withstand the pressure of the liquid. This composition must have the following characteristics:

• good adhesion;
• water resistance;
• elasticity.

The latter characteristic is very important, since the concrete foundation wears out over time and cracks appear in it. In such situation good remedy coating type must not be damaged.

Features of waterproofing concrete paint

The waterproofing of concrete can also be achieved using another means. It is waterproofing paint. It has many benefits. For example, it is very easy to apply it to the surface yourself, which makes it popular among people.

Depending on the amount of constituent substances that make up such a paint, it can be one-component or two-component. Water-repellent paint is most often one-component paint. This composition is enamel and has high technical characteristics. If desired, it can be used as a joint penetrating waterproofing.

These compositions have a high degree of waterproofing, therefore they are most often used to protect the walls of pools and other tanks that are constantly in contact with water. Such paint is applied by means of special spray guns. Thus, it becomes possible to independently regulate the jet leaving the tool.

Features of applying concrete waterproofing

The application of waterproofing material for concrete is carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions. This process is conventionally divided into several stages. Experts do not recommend deviating from them. Of course, it is much easier to use concrete additives for waterproofing, but water insulation is not always made during the construction phase of a building. Let us consider the algorithm of actions, which must be guided by when working with waterproof compositions.

First of all, you should prepare the surface on which the penetrating material will be applied. The surface is thoroughly cleaned, after which it must be degreased. And also it will be necessary to carry out a preventive check of the sewage communication. It shouldn't be damaged in any way.

Helpful information! If you want to waterproof a surface that is many years old, then in this case it may be necessary to remove the old cladding. After that, a layer of plaster is applied. In some situations, it may be necessary to organize a new reinforcement.

Places that match the seams require special attention... They should be punctured carefully. The same applies to wide cracks (more than 4 mm). Finished channels are sealed using special sealing compounds. It is very important not to forget to close the slots at the points corresponding to the passage of the pipes through the wall. For this, sealants are also used.

It is worth noting that for the organization of penetrating waterproofing of the floor, the algorithm of actions will be somewhat different. In this case, the work is simplified, since there is no need for gutting the seams. But in general, both processes are similar to each other, since they involve thorough surface preparation and application of the composition in the most convenient way in accordance with the instructions.

The next step is to prepare a solution of penetrating water insulation. In this case, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions, which describe all the dosages and the method of using the mixture. Next, the composition is applied to a previously prepared surface. For this are used different tools such as a brush, roller or special spray gun (depending on the properties of the waterproofing mixture).

Penetrating compounds are modern means that make the foundation waterproof, thereby increasing its service life. These mixtures can be very different from each other, but they all do their job better than traditional materials for the protection of concrete structures. When choosing a penetrating waterproofing for building foundations, as well as other concrete structures, you need to pay attention to its price, composition and method of application.