In an uninsulated home, heating takes more energy and time to warm up the house, and you need more money to maintain it. In addition, in the cold, the windows leak, and the corners become damp.

Many materials have been invented to insulate the house. One of them is warm plaster for the facade and internal works. About it and will be discussed in the article. You will learn what the material is, what it consists of, how it differs from others and how to do it yourself, as well as get tips on applying to the wall.

What's the material?

This is a mixture with porous additives based on cement or gypsum. The porosity of the additives makes it heat-saving.

Cement base and porous additives - composition of warm plaster

The type of material depends on the additives:

• pumice powder
• perlite
• expanded vermiculite
• sawdust
• expanded polystyrene granules
• foamed silicon or foam glass

On a note: warm gypsum plaster is intended for application to internal surfaces in rooms with air humidity of 40-60%. The scope of cement mixtures is associated with the properties of additives.

Types and scope of cement-based mixtures

If the base is diluted with sawdust or expanded vermiculite, this heat-insulating plaster for interior work. It is not recommended to use it outside - additives absorb moisture, the material becomes heavier and falls off the walls.

If pumice powder, perlite, foamed silicon and expanded polystyrene granules are added to the base, this is a warm plaster for the facade. However, indoor use is allowed.

Difference in finishing process decorative plaster when insulation is used and the material being monitored

Important: if warm facade plaster with the addition of expanded polystyrene granules is used, then waterproofing is done on top, and then lining.

Peculiarities

Many are interested in whether warm plaster for aerated concrete is sold. main feature material - it adheres well to any surface, so it can be used in aerated concrete, concrete, brick, wooden and other houses. Other characteristics are divided into good and bad.

"Mishka" - warm plaster for interior work, reviews of which are only positive

• Lets air through, so the wall breathes.
• It is environmentally friendly, therefore it is safe for health.
• Adheres to surfaces without reinforced mesh. The exception is large cracks.

What does hot plaster do?

This is interesting: a mixture with additives of foamed silicon or foam glass can be used as finishing material: The wall comes out white. If desired, you can paint with vapor-permeable paint.

• Large consumption: 8-12 kg/m2 to get a layer 2 cm thick.
• High price. Warm plasters for outdoor use are more expensive than mineral wool, polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam.

Comparison with other materials

To see the effectiveness of the use of thermal insulation plaster, you need to compare it with other materials. Take the popular ones: polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

1) Styrofoam. 2) Mineral wool. 3) Styrofoam

Thermal conductivity coefficient of materials:

• expanded polystyrene - 0.028-0.037 W / (m K).
• polystyrene - 0.033-0.043 W / (m K).
• mineral wool– 0.041-0.05 W/(m K).
• warm plaster - 0.065 W/(m K).

Styrofoam, mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are more effective, because where insulation is required 5-10 cm thick, you will have to apply 10-20 cm of a layer of warm plaster for the facade. Moreover, the maximum layer thickness should not exceed 5 cm - otherwise the plaster will collapse from its own gravity. But the conclusion is conditional. And that's why.

To fix foam, mineral wool or polystyrene foam, you need to install fasteners and guides. Because of them, cold bridges appear, which reduce thermal conductivity. And the heat-insulating facade plaster fits the surface, and it does not need strengthening. Therefore, in most cases, the effect of both methods is the same.

On a note: If you have taken an insulating plaster for outdoor work, and a layer of 10 cm is required for the full effect, then apply 5 cm of the layer on the outside and 5 cm on the inside.

How to DIY

If you are confused by the price of the monitored material, prepare the plaster for wall insulation from the inside and outside on your own.

1. Buy cement, sand, porous additives and plasticizer - sold in hardware stores. PVA will do as a plasticizer: for one bucket of cement-sand mixture - 50-60 grams of glue.
2. Pour water into the container. Do not overdo it: it is better to top up than to add a mixture.
3. Mix cement with sand in a ratio of 1 to 3 and pour into a container with water. Mix with a mixer so that no lumps remain.
4. Pour in as many porous additives as there is a cement-sand mixture. Stir.
5. The mixture should look like semolina. If it is thick, add water. If liquid - mixtures and porous additives.

Heat-insulating plaster for interior work in finished form should be like semolina

And the video below shows how to prepare the mixture in the cold season in a mechanized way.

Application technology

If you decide to apply insulating plaster for interior work yourself and want the result to be good, follow the technology:

1. Prepare the wall. Remove the finish and the old plaster, after - the dust. Prime so that the mixture adheres better to the wall. If there are large cracks, stuff the reinforced mesh.

Preparing the wall for painting

1. Prepare the solution. Pour as much water into the container as indicated on the package. Pour the material and stir with a mixer. To make sure the consistency of the mixture is normal, scoop it up with a trowel and turn it over. If the mixture does not fall off, then the density is normal.

Solution preparation

On a note: The solution must be worked out within 2 hours. After it loses its properties.

1. Apply the solution. To do this, use plastering tools: spatula, trowel, grater, rule. Moisten the wall with plenty of water before applying. The layer thickness should not be more than 2 cm - otherwise the plaster will fall off. Apply the next layer after 4 hours.

Solution application

1. Check the result. The next day, when the mixture hardens, attach a two-meter rule to the wall. If gaps appear more than three millimeters per meter, then the surface is not smooth - level it. Wait another 3-4 weeks for the mixture to completely harden and see if the plaster is cracking or peeling. If everything is in order, finish with finishing material.

Checking the result

Opinion of builders

Builders are advised to use the monitored material for the following purposes:

• insulate the basement and the wall inside when it doesn’t work out from the outside
• seal window openings of the balcony, cracks, joints and ceilings.

Many today are wondering - what is warm plaster, for what purposes is it suitable given material and how to work with it. Let's start with the fact that in the domestic market of building and finishing materials, these products are not so long ago.

So, warm plaster is a mixture made on the basis of the simplest cement. But, unlike the usual cement mortar, sand is not added to the composition. Instead of him other ingredients used:

• Expanded clay crumb;
• perlite sand;
• Styrofoam granules;
• Powder made from pumice, etc.

What types of warm plaster exist

If you are interested in what warm plaster is, you should keep in mind that it can be different. There are many types, now we will talk about the most popular of them.

• Among all varieties of warm plaster, one can note the composition, which contains expanded vermiculite. Expanded vermiculite is a mineral light aggregate, which is obtained by heat treatment, which is subjected to vermiculite rock. If you need warm plaster for outdoor work - it's time to pay attention to just such products. And if you don’t want to look for other worthy options, another use of the material is also possible. For example, this warm plaster for interior work is also suitable. Quite a worthy, versatile building material. Among the advantages of vermiculite can be noted excellent antiseptic properties.
• If we consider the popular types of warm plaster, we can not ignore the "sawdust mixture". This substance contains sawdust, as well as particles of clay, cement, even paper. That is why it is not recommended to use sawdust warm plaster for outdoor work. On the contrary, the mixture is most often purchased specifically as a warm plaster for interior work - any specialist will confirm this.

Sawdust plaster is an ideal product for covering brick (concrete), as well as wooden surfaces. It is recommended that the room be regularly ventilated while the sawdust plaster is drying. It takes about two weeks for the composition to dry. If the doors and windows are closed in the room, mold and fungus may appear on the surface - be sure to consider this.

• People who want to buy warm plaster always pay attention to the type of material that contains expanded polystyrene foam granules. This plaster contains not only expanded polystyrene - here you will also find cement, various aggregates and additives, lime. You need warm plaster for the facade - this option is well suited, however, it is also often used for indoor work.

Because it last option plaster (with polystyrene granules in the composition) is the most common (which cannot be said about other types), it is we who will consider it in detail within the framework of this material. All comparisons with other materials will also be made specifically for this species.

Warm plaster and its applications

Consider the industries where this material is used today. Anyway, manufacturers recommend following:

• Finishing of facades and their thermal insulation;
• Sound insulation of internal and external walls on existing buildings, as well as additional insulation;
• Wall insulation if well masonry is used;
• Insulation of slopes of door and window blocks in those places where they are adjacent to the walls;
• Warming of risers of cold and hot water supply, sewer risers;
• With internal finishing work(as a sound insulator and insulation);
• Warm plaster is advised to use for insulation of ceilings and floors.

Exterior finish of the facade with warm plaster

Let's talk in more detail about How effective is the material? while doing exterior finish facades of houses.

1. Warm plaster for the facade will be heavier than all others possible types up to ten times or more. Therefore, for such a wall, most likely, a more solid foundation is required;
2. If it is assumed that the facade insulation structure will have a plaster layer over the insulation, the thickness of the insulation usually varies from 50 to 100 mm (depending on the thickness bearing wall, the desired temperature inside and climate zone). If you pay attention to what the coefficient of thermal conductivity is, then everything is clear - in order to achieve similar indicators, a layer of warm plaster should be one and a half to two times thicker.

In other words, a layer of warm plaster will have to be made 100-200 mm thick, but only 50 mm can be applied as a maximum - in otherwise there will be dumps. Therefore, warm plaster for the facade should be applied immediately on both sides of the wall.

Now, based on all of the above, consider all advantages and disadvantages of the material:

pros

• It is applied very quickly (even one plasterer can apply 110-170 sq.m per day);
• Can be applied without the use of reinforcing mesh (in places where there are no cracks and corners);
• Walls do not need to be leveled if you are going to apply warm plaster;
• The material has excellent stickiness (adhesion) - to all other wall materials;
• When arranging this insulation, there are no metal ties, respectively, you don’t have to worry about cold bridges;
• Rodents will never settle in a wall that is insulated with warm plaster;

For more information about the advantages of warm plaster (including for insulating facades), see the video material. Perhaps you will get answers to all your questions after watching.

Disadvantages of warm plaster

• The composition is not a finishing coating - not only a primer should be applied to the surface of warm plaster, but also a decorative layer of plaster;
• The desired layer of insulation is thicker than when insulated with foam plastic, cotton wool (approximately one and a half to two times).

Based on all of the above, let's talk about where you really should use "warm" plaster.

• When sealing various joints, cracks in the walls, ceilings of the house;
• As additional insulation, but this is already during internal work - that is, you will need warm internal plaster (in a situation where work cannot be done outside - when, for example, there is already an expensive lining that will definitely deteriorate during disassembly);
• Warm plaster is often used to insulate the basement;
• When finishing window slopes material is also used frequently.

Application of warm plaster - technology

Before work, the wall surface is prepared in the same way as before applying simple plaster to cement base. That is, all dust is removed, as well as the remains of other solutions. If necessary, the surface is treated special impregnations deep penetrating action, or simply strengthened with a plaster mesh.

It is important that the surface of the wall, which will be insulated with warm plaster, be thoroughly moistened with water - before starting all work.

1. When the composition is prepared for use, the entire package is poured into a container (its volume must be at least 50 liters);
2. Next, add water in the amount indicated on the package of warm plaster;
3. Everything is thoroughly mixed with a mixer;
4. The resulting mixture should be used within 120 minutes of preparation.

How to check whether the required consistency is obtained or not? Everything is simple here:

• Scoop up the solution with a trowel, turn it over;
• If the mortar holds well on the trowel, does not fall off it, then the plaster is completely ready for use;
• Finished plaster can be applied both by machine and by hand.

To avoid any difficulties when applying warm plaster, pay attention to the video: applying warm plaster. The lesson will be useful for both specialists and novice decorators-repairmen.

What do they look like subsequent work:

• The plaster mixture is applied with ordinary plastering tools (trowel, spatula, float, etc.) in several layers;
• The thickness of one layer should not be more than 2 cm;
• Each subsequent layer should be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one was applied;
• If on the street high level humidity, and the air temperature is lowered (especially in the autumn season), the drying time of the layer increases;
• It is customary to apply the solution only on the surface that has been leveled, primed;
• Warm plaster is applied with a wide spatula, this is done strictly from the bottom up;
• It is impossible to arrange plaster with a thick layer at a time - because of this, the solution may simply slip;
• Verification and acceptance plastering works usually carried out somewhere three to four weeks after all the work has been done.

Common mistakes when applying warm plaster

It is not difficult to guess that certain mistakes are often made during such work - especially when the work is performed by novice specialists or just amateurs. Consider this moment in more detail:

1. If delaminations are observed, then you made some mistake during work;
2. If the applied composition begins to crack;
3. If the geometry of the room changes due to the fact that the layer of warm plaster is too thick.

How to check the "geometric" quality of the plaster work that you have completed? In this work, you need a plumb line, as well as a two-meter rail-rule, bubble level. Everything is checked simply: a two-meter rule is applied to the surface (as a rule, an aluminum rail is used as such a tool). If gaps are detected, it means that there are violations in the geometry.

It is important that the deviations from the horizontal (or vertical) of the plastered surface are not more than 3 mm per meter.

About material consumption

What can we say about material consumption? Everybody is here quite understandable:

• For each square meter of surface, it takes from 10 to 14 kg, if the desired layer thickness is 25 mm;
• If the desired layer thickness is 50 mm, then the consumption is 18-25 kg per square meter;
• 1 square meter of wall insulation with warm plaster will cost you $ 40 (the information will be useful to those who wish to buy such plaster) - with a layer thickness of 25 mm;
• If you turn to specialists to do the work, you will have to pay up to $ 15 or more for each square meter.

• In order to insulate "airborne noise" with warm plaster (it can be TV noise, conversations, the sound of a car engine), the material must have a fibrous structure. In addition, it must be breathable. The effective thickness here starts from 0.5 cm;
• To perform the insulation of "impact noise" - knocks, falling objects, the sounds of steps, the material must have elasticity (like rubber).

Warm plaster does not meet either the first or the second requirement, so all data on excellent soundproofing indicators are most likely slightly overestimated.

For some works, warm plaster (facade, interior decoration) is really often used and this is quite justified. But far from always its use is appropriate - in many cases, you can limit yourself to completely different materials or heaters and get either the same or more impressive results.

Be sure to take this into account when finishing or repairing - in order to protect yourself from unpleasant surprises in the future.

Heat-insulating plasters have recently appeared on construction market. But they have already gained their popularity. In some cases, it may provide an opportunity to avoid extra costs and then the final price of finishing will be much lower.

Today we will tell you what the heat-insulating plaster mixture is, its parameters and application. Also on the video in this article you can get acquainted with this material in more detail.

Features of heat-insulating plaster

The mixture of heat-insulating plaster has quite decent characteristics and has many positive qualities. It can be perfectly applied with your own hands, the technology is the same as when applying a conventional cement composition (see Let's consider how to plaster with a cement-sand mortar). But before you buy it is worth knowing what you will get.

Fire safety	These types of plaster have special fireproof fillers, such as vermiculite, perlite, foam glass. This made it possible to obtain an absolutely non-combustible final product belonging to the NG class. Heat-insulating plaster with the addition of expanded polystyrene foam is capable of burning, and therefore belongs to group G1.
Ecological cleanliness	Many widespread heaters are capable of releasing harmful substances, which cannot be said about warm plaster.
Multifunctionality	Such plaster can serve not only as a heat-insulating layer, but also as decorative finishes, in the form of a finishing layer. It can be used to level building surfaces.
Thermal insulation parameters	Plaster of this type, in its own way technical properties, is not inferior to widespread types of plasters, and in some respects it is superior. A layer of warm plaster of 50 mm, according to thermal insulation indicators, is equal to the thickness of the masonry of 2 bricks or the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, which is made on the basis of expanded polystyrene, equal to 2-4 cm.
Physical parameters	Due to the above fillers, warm plaster is much lighter than conventional types of plaster, and therefore does not constitute an additional load on building surfaces. At the same time, it fits perfectly on all types of surfaces.
Practical use	The technology of applying this type of plaster is absolutely compatible with the method of applying widely known species plasters.

Types and types of warm plasters

Depending on the purpose, heat-insulating plaster is divided into 2 main types:

1. Heat-insulating plaster, which is used as a preliminary layer for finishing decorative coatings. This layer serves as an auxiliary insulating layer and has thermal insulation properties, similar to warm building materials such as aerated concrete or ceramic blocks.
2. Heat-insulating plaster mixture with higher thermal insulation characteristics and high strength. They are used for finishing building surfaces. This plaster has thermal insulation performance 2-3 times lower than aerated concrete, but 1.5-2 times higher than mineral wool. Several types of such plasters are produced, having the same properties, but differing in composition.

Characteristic feature of warm plaster

These are the most latest materials meeting the latest demand. with their help, you can quickly and efficiently insulate housing or other buildings.

At the same time, they have a number of undeniable advantages:

• Unique thermal insulation characteristics that allow replacing masonry with 1.5-2 bricks or a layer of expanded polystyrene, 2-4 cm thick. At the same time, the thickness of the plaster layer will not exceed 5 cm.
• Light weight. It is 3-4 times lighter traditional types plasters. After drying, its specific gravity is 240-360kg per cubic meter.
• Solidity and homogeneity do not allow it to crumble and delaminate. If damage has occurred to the outer layer of plaster, then this can be easily repaired.
• Warm plaster adheres well to all known building surfaces. Therefore, it can be applied directly on surfaces without prior priming, and also without the use of reinforcing meshes, except if the layer of warm plaster exceeds a thickness of 50 mm. Warm plasters adhere well to surfaces made of stone, concrete, brick, drywall, etc.
• Applying warm plaster does not require special skills. They are produced in dry form and must be diluted with water before application. The result is a sufficiently plastic mass with which it is easy to work, and the application does not require the use of special tools, while it can be applied both manually and with the help of mechanical devices.
• Most of the warm plasters are produced for applying a decorative layer. They have high strength characteristics, have durability, and have water-repellent properties. At the same time, they are able to breathe, and therefore they can be applied to any surface. Warm plaster can be painted with vapor-proof paints.
• They not only do not burn, but are able to protect building structures from destruction during a fire. Such plasters with organic additives do not burn and do not support combustion.

Composition of warm plasters

High technological properties are due to a well-balanced recipe. This high-tech product includes many different additives, such as water repellents, air-entraining additives, and plasticizers. About 40-75% of the volume is made up of fine-grained porous fillers, with a grain size of up to 2 mm.

The main binder is lime or white Portland cement. Depending on the type of thermal insulation material used, warm plasters are divided into 2 types: with mineral or organic filler.

As a mineral filler apply:

1. Foamed perlite or vermiculite. This natural materials volcanic origin, swollen at elevated temperatures. These materials absorb moisture very well, so they are additionally treated with water repellents. As a result of this treatment, they are able to absorb moisture, after which it can easily evaporate.
2. Granular hollow foam glass ball, which has excellent water repellency, and its mechanical strength allows you to create a final product with high mechanical strength.

Attention: Expanded polystyrene granules obtained as a result of a special technology are used as an organic filler. This material is permeable, but less resistant to mechanical damage, therefore, such walls should be protected. finishing plaster or vapor permeable paint.

Thickness of the applied layer

Attention: Based on this, we can conclude that warm plaster acts as an additional heat-insulating layer, and it is simply not rational to use it for full-fledged insulation of a building, as this increases its consumption.

• As calculations show, in order to actually insulate a building with a wall thickness of 50 cm, it is necessary to apply a layer of plaster, 8 to 10 cm thick, or even more.
• Warm plaster is produced in bags of 7-10 kg, which makes it possible to cover 1 square meter of the surface with a layer of 2-2.5 cm.
• When using such plaster in different regions, additional calculations are required, depending on the natural conditions, as well as the characteristics of the main building material, such as brick, foam blocks or aerated concrete.

Scope of heat-insulating plasters

Such plasters can be used for various conditions both as the main insulating layer and as an auxiliary one.

Note: Many items building structures it is more convenient and profitable to insulate with warm plasters, such as window or door slopes, various recesses and bulges, curvilinear architectural elements, domes, niches, etc.

• In other words, various hard-to-reach places where the application traditional methods insulation can disrupt the external or internal design architectural solutions.
• With the help of warm plaster, defects formed after the application of traditional types of plaster can be easily corrected. These can be cracks, shells and various delaminations.
• Since such plasters are environmentally friendly, they are recommended to be used inside buildings and structures. They can be recommended for use at the junction of plaster with materials that have completely different specifications, for example, at the junction of door and window frames with a plaster layer.
• Their use can be effective if there is a need to preserve the living space as much as possible during warming measures. This approach can take place when applying warm plaster in areas such as a bath. If, before laying the tiles, the walls are trimmed with warm plaster, then there will be practically no condensation in such a room.
• On the construction market, you can find warm plasters designed to insulate ceilings, as well as preparatory work associated with the insulation of floors and other surfaces.
• Warm plaster is compatible with any building surface, but manufacturers of such plasters recommend applying them to even surfaces lined with ceramic blocks or autoclaved aerated concrete. This allows more efficient use of this modern thermal insulation material.
• When applied to embossed or uneven surfaces, they must be leveled with a conventional vapor-permeable plaster.
• Plasters intended for use as a leveling layer are cheaper, so you should not worry about overspending them.

Technology for applying warm plaster

It is possible to warm the house with such plaster rather quickly, in comparison with traditional approaches. It will take 3-4 times less time, and if you use mechanical way, the results can be impressive: a team of 4 people, using special mechanisms, is able to process up to 400 square meters construction areas, while good specialist manually can plaster from 30 to 50 square meters in the same time.

So:

• For readiness, dry plaster mixture is diluted with water and stirred well. There should be no lumps in the finished mixture, and the mixture itself should be plastic. Ready solution can be used for several hours at a temperature not lower than +5°C.
• The prepared surface must be clean and sound. Such plaster is not thrown on the wall, but, as it were, rubbed into the surface.
• If you believe the recommendations, then warm plaster should be applied in a layer, no more than 2.5 cm at a time. If a greater layer thickness is required, then it is applied in 2 or 3 passes, while the layer thickness should not exceed 5 cm.
• After 2-3 days, you can start painting the surface, and the plaster layer acquires the maximum thermal insulation performance in a couple of months, as soon as it dries.

Applying warm plaster - instructions

Installation of beacons	In order for the plaster to be of high quality, metal beacons are installed on the wall surface before applying the plaster.
Mixture preparation	For readiness, it is enough to add a certain amount of water to the dry mixture and stir with a construction mixer.
Solution application	The mixture is applied with a trowel or a metal spatula, and then, with left-to-right and upward movements, the plaster mixture is leveled between the beacons.
Layer Alignment	The final leveling of the layer is carried out after the excess plaster between the beacons has been removed.
Sealing cracks from lighthouses	After the plaster has partially dried, the beacons are removed from the wall, after which the depressions are sealed with the same plaster.
Applying the final layer	In conclusion, the plastered surface is carefully rubbed with a plaster trowel using a plaster mixture, but with a more liquid consistency.

At this time, there are many companies that produce this material. For example, heat-insulating plaster Umka and there is also a plaster-and-glue mixture of thermal insulation. Here the choice is yours to make. Look at the photo and make your choice. The instructions will help you make the right choice.

Looking at the multi-layer structure that plasterers have to create in order to ensure both the strength of the interior finish and its warmth and appearance, the thought involuntarily arises of the need to simplify it. A simplification that does not lead to a deterioration in the quality of the entire structure, however.

When the search for the best leads to understandable results

And there is such a simplification - this is the use of insulating plaster, as a result of the search for new technologies. Dry mortars again show an ever-increasing range of applications.

As a matter of fact, for those who want to replace two standard layers for insulation (fixing mesh plus insulation) with one in the form of insulation plaster, there are three possibilities:

• First, use a dry mortar based on the same cement. But, which, with additions instead of ordinary sand - perlite, as well as pumice powder, expanded clay chips, expanded vermiculite, expanded polystyrene balls or sawdust, and gives plaster with brilliant insulating properties. Technology is advancing further, and now it is not uncommon for sand to be replaced with foam glass in granules.
• Secondly, use special plaster insulation boards. Such plates are not often used, due, on the one hand, to the lack of confidence that they can replace the usual insulation, and on the other hand, the lack of confidence that they can really replace the dry mix. But manufacturers persistently offer this method of insulation, which can still be expected to “make its way” to the hearts of builders.
• Thirdly, make a mixture of insulating plaster yourself. It turns out it's not difficult at all. The technology of preparation is as follows.

The following components are mixed in a dry state:

1. clay - 1 part;
2. paper pulp - 2 parts;
3. sawdust - 3 parts;
4. cement - 1/5 part (cement can be dispensed with, although the resulting plaster is too soft and loose without it, but it is quite suitable for decorative coatings, strength will increase after finishing putty is applied on top).

Usually, three types of insulating plasters can be found on the market, depending on the prevailing main element:

• Vermiculite. In them, the main additive is vermiculite - a mineral, mica, with a layered structure. When heated, vermiculite crystals form small curved columns of golden or silver color.

Exactly such, expanded vermiculite is added to the building mixture, which, thanks to this additive, acquires increased biological and chemical resistance. Vermiculite building insulation mixtures are the best suited for interior work.

• sawdust. Sawdust prevails here, just such a mixture can be made with your own hands. Sawdust mixtures are recommended to be used only indoors, and when the wall dries, actively ventilate the room for 2 weeks.

• Styrofoam. The granules of this polymer were put forward to the leading roles.

The technology of applying insulating plaster is no different from applying ordinary plaster - all the same spatulas and long trays, smooth movements from the bottom up and without haste

Wherever insulation of external and internal walls buildings, insulating plasters can be useful, although they are not.

The list of areas of their application is very wide:

• thermal insulation of facades, finishing is rare, but also possible;
• sound insulation when used both outside and inside;
• processing of windows and door slopes- you can immediately "kill two birds with one stone", having such a flexible finishing material, and put in order the appearance of the slope and insulate it in hard-to-reach places Oh;
• increasing the temperature protection of water supply and sewerage risers;
• thermal insulation of floors and ceilings.

When performing any construction works very important handy tool who you trust

Advantages and disadvantages

Any building system has its advantages and disadvantages. As for the insulating plaster, it is necessary to understand the inappropriateness of its comparison with plaster, a comparison is possible only with other methods of insulation. Therefore, the advantages of the presented insulating plaster include:

Quite a high speed of the warming phase. Instead of the conventional layer system:

1. work wall;
2. fixing mesh;
3. insulation;
4. plaster;
5. finishing plaster;
6. work wall;
7. plaster for insulation;
8. finishing plaster;

we get a much simpler one.

The Senergy stucco facade insulation system assumes the presence of only the following simpler scheme:

• the master who works with such plaster does not need to take care of the final appearance of the wall, so the laying speed per working day can reach up to 180 square meters, or a wall measuring 18 by 10 meters (the size of a volleyball court is 18 and 9 meters).

• As a result, there are no costs for reinforcing mesh. Sometimes a mesh is used, but only in difficult places with cracks and at corners.

• The speed also increases because there is no need to level the wall before applying the insulating plaster.

• Excellent adhesion. This feature, freely sticking to all materials on the wall, should be especially attractive to inexperienced performers - the fight against this very “adhesion” is their main headache.

• Vapor permeability. This advantage puts such plaster beyond any competition in relation to foam.

• The absence of any so-called cold bridges, which is typical when using foam for insulation, which has to be fixed with metal dowels. So it turns out - surrounded by ideal protection, a conductor of heat in summer and cold in winter.

• Ecological impeccability and cleanliness when using vermiculite insulating plasters.

disadvantages

The use of insulating plasters also carries some disadvantages:

• Firstly, a layer of such plaster is much heavier than similar layers with the same characteristics and purpose, approximately 10 times. And this, as a result, puts forward higher requirements for the foundation of the building. The severity of the structure is also determined by the greater thickness of the plaster insulation layer compared to the same wool by 1.5-2 times.

• Secondly, the plaster for insulation is not finishing, it will be followed by a primer and already decorative plaster.

• Thirdly, insulation with plaster is more expensive. The price is not at all the “strong” side of the presented building mixture.

Useful advice! Pay Special attention on the use of vermiculite insulating plaster for insulation wooden floors and hard-to-reach places. Wherever there is a danger of fungus and mold, where insects or rodents can start, vermiculite can help fight these scourges. Loggia insulation simply suggests itself with the help of vermiculite.

Application technology

The technology for applying insulating plaster is not much different from the technology of the same decorative one:

• First, the wall is prepared - dust and residues of solutions are removed;
• In special cases, a penetrating impregnation is applied to the wall, and possibly a mesh to strengthen the structure.
• The entire surface of the wall is abundantly wetted.
• Preparing the mixture - instructions for its preparation must be indicated on the package. Pay attention to the recommendation to be sure to use cooked within 2 hours.
• The plaster is applied in layers no more than 2 cm thick.
• The work will be cyclic in nature - each subsequent layer is applied at intervals of at least 4 hours.
• The final results of the work are evaluated in 2-3 weeks.

Possible mistakes

Among the errors of working with insulating plaster, the following are noted:

• poor-quality preparation of the mixture and its use after the deadline (2 hours);
• laying in too thick layers (recommended thickness - 2 cm) - an increased specific gravity simply causes the plaster to slip;
• insufficient drying of the previous layer - note that high humidity air, especially in autumn, entails an increase in drying time.

Useful advice! This drawback - a larger proportion, makes you, as a customer of work, very carefully select craftsmen to perform the work. Failure to comply with the technology of preparation and use, first of all, insufficient drying of the previous layer or exceeding its thickness, leads to even greater weight of the entire treated wall.

conclusions

Although some misconception is associated with insulating plaster - supposedly it is an excellent sound and noise insulator, which is largely untrue, its use is a significant step forward in the "art" of insulating both the external facades of buildings and the walls inside. Be sure to keep in mind this opportunity to save heat in your home and invite real professionals to do the work.

Internal insulation of walls with warm plaster, its features, advantages and disadvantages, preparatory stage work, material application technology and surface finish.

Features of internal insulation of walls with warm plaster

A distinctive feature of such plaster is its low thermal conductivity. This property is due to the presence of special fillers in the composition of the material instead of ordinary sand. They can be sawdust, polystyrene granules, expanded clay or pumice crumbs, perlite or expanded vermiculite. Any of these fillers gives the plaster insulating qualities and an affordable price.

Styrofoam granule based plaster has versatile properties. It can be used both inside and outside the building. In addition to the filler, its composition includes lime, cement, plasticizers and other additives that give the building mixture special properties. Specific gravity such plaster is 200-300 kg / m 3, the thermal conductivity index is 0.065 W / m * C and hydrophobicity is 70% by weight of the material.

Warm plaster containing sawdust as a filler is used exclusively for interior work. This is due to its sensitivity to moisture. plaster layer dries for a long time, and the room during this procedure requires good ventilation in order to avoid the appearance of fungus on damp walls. But in terms of environmental safety, this material is impeccable.

Warm plasters are considered universal, which include particles of rocks - perlite, vermiculite, pumice, as well as expanded clay chips. They can also be used to insulate walls from the inside and outside.

If we compare the thermal insulation parameters of foam plastic and warm plaster, it turns out that the first material is 2 times warmer than the second. And for the full insulation of cold walls in our climate zone a layer of foam about 10 cm thick is required.

The following becomes clear: in order to achieve such a thermal insulation threshold, it will be necessary to apply a layer of warm plaster coating on the walls, the thickness of which should be more than 20 cm. However, such a coating of more than 5 cm thick is not recommended, as it can collapse under its own weight. Therefore, wall insulation with warm plaster from the inside is most often performed in combination with external thermal insulation building.

Advantages and disadvantages of stucco insulation from the inside

Warm plaster has unique properties. Using only it, it is possible with one technological procedure to solve the issue of waterproofing, insulation and final finishing walls. Especially pronounced are the advantages of plasters that have rock particles as fillers - perlite, expanded vermiculite, that is, mixtures of the most "advanced" type.

Thanks to the polymer additives that are part of the mixture, this plaster has excellent adhesion to any wall materials: aerated concrete, metal, ceramics and others.

Warm plaster easily passes air, while retaining water without soaking. Therefore, walls covered with this material are protected from mold. In addition, warm plaster is biologically resistant, so the formation of microflora in it is excluded. By processing the walls of the room from the inside with this material, you can not only insulate it, but also make it more environmentally friendly.

The effectiveness of insulation using such plaster is high not only due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, but also because of its close contact with the surface of the walls over their entire area without the formation of any cold bridges.

Another great property of warm plaster is its fire resistance. Unlike expanded polystyrene and other similar heaters, insulating plaster coatings perfectly protect walls, without collapsing, from intense heat and open flames. Moreover, the layer of plaster does not have to be thick.

According to manufacturers promoting warm plaster mixtures on the market, this material, applied to walls with a layer of 2 cm, is equivalent in its thermal insulation qualities to laying 2 bricks or a wall of concrete about 1 m thick. Taking this fact into account, it is easy to calculate how much the the weight of the building and how much material can be saved with warm plaster. However, other experts consider this opinion rather controversial in terms of the ratios being approved. Simply applying this material is much easier than traditional insulation with their fastening, primer and top coat. By the way, for a work shift, a team of plasterers of three people can process warm mixture more than 80 m 2 walls.

In addition to the above advantages, warm plaster has other unique properties: the complete absence of toxic inclusions, the material is made from natural components that have undergone heat treatment; at any temperature, the plaster is environmentally friendly, it does not decompose, does not burn or freeze.

The disadvantages of the material include the following:

• Warm plaster, made on the basis of foam plastic granules, needs a top coat. This does not apply to mixtures that include rock fillers.
• The high price of plasters based on perlite, pumice and vermiculite.
• The need for layer-by-layer application of material on the walls. A thick coating applied in one layer is more likely to slide off the wall under its own weight.

Preparatory work

The preparation of walls for insulation with plaster to insulate the walls from the inside is carried out in the same way as before applying a conventional cement-sand mixture to their surfaces. If old plaster peeling off, it should be removed. If not, warm plaster can be applied over the existing layer.

The purpose of the preparatory work is to improve the adhesion of the insulation coating with base surface walls. To do this, each of them needs to be stuffed with shingles or narrow slats of t.5 mm, thus obtaining a space on which the plaster mixture will be well held. After that, on the fabricated frame, it is necessary to stretch the mesh and fix it with nails, hammering them into the slats.

The fastening step is taken as 10 cm, it must be carried out in a checkerboard pattern. The grid can be woven or metal with cells of 50x50 mm. It is recommended to use metal mesh, as woven mesh is less durable and adheres too tightly to the wall surface.

To implement the possibility of leveling the plaster layer on the walls, it is necessary to install beacon profiles. They must be pressed into a mortar mixture such as Ceresit or Rotband, applied with molds to the base every 0.3 m, and then leveled in a plane. Lighthouses should be installed vertically in increments of 0.2 m less than the length of the plaster rule.

Before plastering, the walls must be moistened with plenty of water. This is an additional measure to ensure high-quality adhesion of materials.

The technology of wall insulation from the inside with warm plaster

Warm plaster is applied to the walls manually and by machine. In the first case, a spatula, trowel, grater and others are used for work. painting tools, in the second - a special mixing pump and mortar gun.

Manual wall plastering

Before starting work, the contents of the entire package of warm plaster must be poured into a suitable container with a volume of 50-100 liters, add water in the amount specified by the material manufacturer, and then mix everything using a construction mixer. In this case, it is necessary to know that the performance of the finished mixture in time is 2 hours.

The required consistency of the mixture is easy to check. To do this, you need to scoop up a little solution with a trowel and tilt the tool strongly. If the plaster does not fall off its surface, then it has acquired plasticity and is ready for use. Its consumption with a layer of 25 mm will be 10-14 kg / m 2 of the dry mixture, with a thickness of 50 mm - 18-25 kg / m 2, respectively.

The insulating mixture should be applied manually on the walls in layers, the thickness of each layer should not exceed 20 mm in order to prevent the solution from slipping from the surface under its own weight.

Each next layer of plaster should be applied no earlier than 4 hours after laying the previous one. Drying time may be extended if high humidity and low air temperature, for example, in autumn.

The working mixture must be applied to the primed surface of the wall from the bottom up, using a wide spatula, beacon profiles and a rule. The process of applying warm plaster without beacons and the quality of the resulting coating must be controlled using a 2 m rail, a plumb line and a hydraulic level. The even plane of the plaster coating can be checked by attaching a two-meter rail-rule to it with an edge, there should be no gaps between the tool and the wall. Small deviations of the finished coating from the horizontal or vertical are allowed, no more than 3 mm per 1 running meter.

Lighthouse profiles should be removed from the coating 4-6 hours after the completion of the main work. The vacated cavities must be sealed with a plaster mixture and leveled with a trowel.

It is recommended to check and accept the work for delamination, curvature and cracking of the coating no earlier than 3-4 weeks after the completion of the plastering of the walls.

Mechanized method of plastering walls

To apply a warm plaster coating in a mechanized way, it is necessary to first prepare the mixing pump for operation, and then pour the dry mixture into the hopper of the machine. After that, in accordance with the desired consistency of the mixture, the dosage of water by the pump should be adjusted. It should be about 500 l/h. Its exact value depends on the temperature in the house and the material of its walls.

After preparing and turning on the pump, the mortar gun must be held at a distance of 30 cm and perpendicular to it when distributing the mixture over the wall surface. The thickness of the plaster layer during application can be easily adjusted by the speed of movement of the mortar gun. The smaller it is, the more powerful the layer and vice versa.

Surface treatment must be carried out with upper corner down and then from left to right, thus forming grips 0.7 m wide. The reciprocating movement of the gun should be such that the center of the mixture spray is located on the lower edge of the already applied plaster. The previous and subsequent grips should be overlapped on the left side by 10 cm.

As in the previous case, the plastered surface must be leveled with a rule, and after the mixture has dried, remove the lighthouse profiles and fill the empty channels with mortar.

After finishing the spraying of the plaster, the supply of mortar should be stopped by closing the air valve on the gun. The pump, hoses, gun and tools must be rinsed immediately with water.

Important! The plaster mix should not remain more than 15 minutes in a static state, being in the pump or a hose.

Finishing device

As already mentioned above, in finishing the walls need to be insulated with warm plaster, made on the basis of foam plastic granules. Before applying the finish coating, the floats and the container intended for preparing the working mixture in it must be cleaned of all foreign particles that can disrupt the appearance of the coating during its processing.

The finish coat should be applied to obtain a uniform and presentable wall surface. Its thickness usually does not exceed 5 mm. After applying the finish coat, it should be grouted with a trowel 300 mm long, made of metal or plastic.

How to insulate walls with warm plaster - look at the video:

Summing up, we can conclude: warm plaster is a good alternative to others. thermal insulation materials. It is especially effective for double-sided wall insulation. At the same time, the outside of the building additionally receives beautiful finish, and from the inside environmentally friendly and reliable insulation.