The roof of the building is its main protection. A variety of forms, types of roofing structures allows you to achieve an individual look of a private house or cottage. One of the most interesting options is a hipped roof.

What it is?

A hipped roof is a modification where all sides slope down to the walls, generally with a fairly gentle slope, although a hipped roof is by definition a steeply pitched hipped roof when it grows to a peak. Thus, the roof has no gables or other vertical sides.

They can be built in the most different forms. Each ridge is central over the rectangle of the building. The triangular faces are called the ends of the thighs, they are bounded by the thighs themselves. The "hips" and running rafters are on the outer corner of the building and rise to the ridge. Where the building is inner corner, the valley is the space between inclined surfaces. They provide a compact, rugged design appearance. The pitch of the roof may vary.

In modern domestic architecture, such structures are usually found in bungalows, cottages and are an integral part of some styles, their truss system may differ.

The design is self-supporting, requiring less diagonal bracing than a gable. In this way, a roof is much better suited for areas where hurricanes are not uncommon. It doesn't have big, flat ends to catch the wind and is inherently much more stable than a gable. However, for such an area, the structure must be steep, preferably at least 35 degrees from the horizontal or steep slope.

When the wind is flowing over the sloping hip, the roof can behave like an airplane wing. An elevator is then created on the lee side. If the slopes are less than 35 degrees horizontally, the roof will be subject to lifting.

A possible disadvantage is that indoors under a roof less space, maintenance access is more difficult, roof hips are more difficult to ventilate, and there is no staging area with a window for natural light.

Peculiarities

Such a roof can have a significant impact on the overall appearance. In domestic architecture, there are literally dozens of options, but one of the most popular is hipped roof.

There are several ways to make it, but in general, builders come up with two main forms. At first it is a square, or a pyramid. To cover a square building, four triangular sections meet at one point in the center of the structure, like a pyramid.

But if your building is not square, if it is a rectangle, in which case you will have parts different sizes. The rafters do not meet at one point, on the contrary, the two longer sides will be separated by a ridge running parallel to the direction of the building. In principle, the two edges will be similar to the first option. However, instead of leaving the ends open, the triangular segments slope outward from the edges of the ridge, with four sloped sides.

Pros and cons

There are several advantages to choosing this design. Because they don't have valleys, there's less chance of leakage. This means that the attic insulation is functioning properly.

Such a roof holds up well in strong winds. Its aerodynamic qualities and short eaves prevent lift and help to provide more stability to the house. This makes her much the best choice than the traditional spiked one because it is less prone to deflate or break during heavy thunderstorm or tornado. The house always has differences, especially if you think over the design.

The perimeter has a large surface area for ventilation. This prevents many roofing problems such as premature aging, cold corridors. In addition to proper ventilation, simple lines make it easier to operate a gutter system from home and eliminate potential leaks and other problems commonly associated with faulty gutters.

Solar panels operate at maximum power when installed on a southern slope. Since the roof consists of four planes, the orientation of the house does not affect the use of solar energy.

However, there are also disadvantages. Initially, the structure is more expensive, the trusses that support the roof are more difficult to build. In addition, more roofing materials are required to cover the additional two slopes. The design also limits the amount of attic space available. Because of this, homeowners who want to use the attic as storage or to convert it into additional living space should not choose this option.

Advantages:

• preferred at hilly stations where heavy snowfall occurs during the winter seasons;
• have a solid fascia on all sides, so it becomes easier to install gutters;
• well suited for warm climates;
• have eaves along all directions, which help to provide complete protection of the house from the sun, as well as other atmospheric troubles;
• one of the most important advantages is the ability to provide water drainage.

Flaws:

• complicated construction procedure;
• require additional raw materials, which increases the cost;
• from time to time they need maintenance, to provide long term services.

Kinds

One-story houses and two-story houses can have a four-pitched or hipped roof with a bay window, but all roofs of this type can be classified as follows:

• the mansard roof is a variation with two different angles, the lower ones are much steeper than the upper ones.
• the marquee is a type of polygonal roof with a steep slope;
• single or double.

Stages and subtleties of installation

Before proceeding with the installation of the roof, you need to find out how much materials are needed to do the work yourself step by step. Measure the length of the roof and the width of one side. Multiply these numbers, and then double the result by square centimeters. If it is corrugated metal, it is usually supplied in sheets measuring 91.44 × 182.88 cm (548.64 square cm). Divide the roof squared by 548.64 to get required amount sheets.

As long as the wood on the roof is in good condition, embossed paper should be laid down. It is worth making sure that the rolls overlap by at least two centimeters and are fastened to the tree.

The first sheet is overlapped, and to wooden frame it is attached with self-tapping screws. The corrugation should raise the roof to the ridge. Place the sheet in one bottom corner with 5cm ridges on each edge. Drill a hole in upper corner on the passage, and not on the crest of the corrugation. Fasten the screw and waterproof washer. The screws should be spaced about 15 centimeters apart in all directions. However, when working along the edge, place the screws 7 centimeters apart.

Once the first sheet is in place, the rest of the bottom row of corrugated metal roofing needs to be installed. Sheets should overlap by at least 10 centimeters. On the other end, make sure there is a 5 cm protrusion.

Place the next row of corrugated metal roofing so that the bottom is over the top of the first row. This will help the water flow down the roof. Fasten the roof in place as you did for the first row, and keep working adding row after row until you reach the ridge line.

As you approach the ridge line, you need to carefully place the top row to ensure that the pleated metal roof does not go beyond the ridge on each side. Instead, it should come up to the ridge so that the tops of the sheets on their side almost touch each other. To finish, you need a special roof. Lay the sheet so that it covers the tops on both sides.

Training

Tent structures can be designed on buildings square shape and also rectangular. The roof can follow triangular sides and also combine trapezoidal ones. Some look like pyramids, while others may have a more symmetrical structure. We always make high-quality and well-calibrated drawings, calculate the amount of material.

As a rule, there are three main factors that contribute to the design or style of decoration:

1. Cornices: hips with deep eaves that can help in shading the window from sunlight. This circuit helps in cooling the interior of the house and provides a reduction in energy bills with reduced energy consumption.
2. Power: for areas where winds and cyclones are more common, such roofs are built with high precision so that they have a long service life.
3. Style: famous for their unique styles and graceful appearance.

The construction takes place with sloping sides, so they must be carried out with high precision and safety.

One of the most important and basic steps is to take measurements before installation. This should be done by experienced people with a calculator. Measurements are taken along the width and length of the building, then they are used to calculate the dimensions of the curb slab, as well as the length of the rafters.

Payment

The build requires due attention to some basic factors such as measurements, layout, area, framing and rafter adjustment.

The purpose of the plan is to present the direction, as well as changes in the dimensions of the complete structure, calculate the length, width and other parameters. The size of the roof usually depends on the type of house and its dimensions. If you are doing the calculation procedure yourself, then it is good to start with a pre-designed hip guide.

The hip extension angle from each angle should be 45 degrees, but other sizes are also acceptable in some cases. The order is as follows:

1. start with a layout of a rectangular building;
2. find the center line in the middle part;
3. draw a 45 degree line from each corner to the center line, which can help establish location specifications for the rafters;
4. draw a ridge line between the crossing points of the running rafters;
5. calculate the distance between the rafters and lay them in accordance with the frame plan;
6. create correct charts on hip design paper so that these numbers can help in proper layout in the next steps.

The tent structure is considered the best choice for covering canopies. Experts say better returns are guaranteed for coastal as well as windy locations, plus it provides an attractive view.

Tools

The best assistants of the roofer, who simplify the installation of the roof, are:

• hammer;
• clamps;
• chisels;
• screwdriver;

• mallet;
• pliers;
• compass;
• caliper and others.

Carrying out work

Once you're done with the measuring section, it's time to cut the rafters to these specifications. These parts will later be used to build the roof. Do-it-yourself construction of a half-hipped roof requires experience in order to properly fasten it under roof beams.

Ridge plates act like a frame that rests around the roof. You must begin the installation procedure by placing the standard rafters on the right side comb board. The process continues until all spine boards have been increased in strength or strength and can be adjusted according to their weight. The angle of inclination is important and should not be forgotten. The log house is carried out in the direction required by the standards.

Before moving in the direction of building the hips, it is necessary to ensure proper alignment according to the angles. For this type of calculation it is necessary to use the frame square.

Now is the time to move on to fixing the rafters. Experts suggest starting on one side at a time and trying to apply more pressure for each adjustment on the board. This pressure will provide much better results. Once the rafters are finished, you can start trimming them so they can provide an excellent linear layout. Corner rafters are known as running rafters, they must be connected to neighboring rafters that are already installed.

Once you've completed the installation, it's time to put up the jacks. It is good to start with one part and then move on to the end, although this process is lengthy, but if it is carried out accurately, it can certainly lead to the desired result.

In case you do not have proper knowledge about the installation process, you need to seek help from experts. It is important to ensure accuracy, because then the sheathing, ventilation and drainage will be connected between them. If the roof includes a chimney, you will have to go through a few more procedures to achieve the perfect roof design. It is difficult to build a house, if there is not enough experience, it is better to consult a specialist.

The style of such a roof is the most common and simplest type. It has slopes on all four sides, so no matter how you look at it, the roof slopes towards the gutters. The sides are equal in length and converge to form a ridge at the top.

The thigh is the least complex style, and is generally the least expensive when compared to other styles. "Broken" or "peak" roofing is also very popular. They are easy to distinguish because they form a triangle shape at the end of the house and in other parts. The gable style has an interesting and varied look"colonial" type.

Monopoly roofing is an unusual stylish project. It is designed to form a single sloping surface and is often not attached to any other. In some countries, this species is popular as a modern alternative, it has a bright and distinctive appearance. The monoroof is designed for more than high level than others, because of this, the price is usually higher.

An alternative hip to gable attic. However, this creates a limited amount of extra space that is usually used to access an attic with stairs. Building a conversion to a gable loft - best use space compared to the side attic.

The most important factor to make the conversion is a gigantic change in the roofline. This will achieve huge amount additional floor space, maximizing the loft's transformation potential. Exterior finish can be tiled or slate to match the roofing, finished in block and painted. Embedded in most end walls the holes will be a double glazed window. It provides natural light either in the attic or on the stairs.

For more on the hipped roof truss system, see the following video.

The hipped roof is a fairly popular design today. Building own house on the household territory or in the village involves the installation of a roof of a certain shape, which you need to choose based on personal preferences.

Hip roof It is considered a classic version of a pitched roof, resistant to wind and snow.

The design of the hip roof resembles a tent. You should know that the installation of such a roof can be done independently. To do this, you will need to make the right calculation. It is important to have at least the slightest idea about the design of the rafters of a private house. The roof is fixed in the same way as on other roofs.

The scheme of the frame structure of the hipped roof is shown in Fig. one.

A hipped roof can have many slopes or be round, it is only important to observe symmetry. In appearance, the design resembles a tent. Such products do not have gables, which makes it possible to significantly save on materials in the process of construction work.

Advantages and disadvantages of a hipped roof

If you wish, you can make a hip roof with your own hands on any building. However, the preferred option is when the base of a private house is made in the form of a square.

The main advantage of this type of hipped roof is aerodynamics, which can protect the building from constant winds. Air flows will go along the slopes without causing harm and without getting into the attic.

Figure 1. Scheme of the frame structure of the hipped roof: 1 - corner rafter; 2 - short rafters; 3 - ridge beam; 4 - central intermediate rafters; 5 - intermediate rafters.

The significant disadvantages are the following:

1. Complex frame structure.
2. Not big sizes attic. The area is equal to the area of ​​​​the ceiling, but the usable volume is small.

A standard hipped roof is a pyramid with a rectangular or square base. In the first case, it is planned to install 4 triangular slopes, and in the second - 2 triangular and 2 trapezoidal. All slopes can rest on the walls of a private house or go beyond them.

The scheme of the roof of a private house is simple, its calculation can be done in several ways. The hipped roof is constructed using the Pythagorean table. It is very easy to calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe slopes and hips, however, it will take a lot of time to calculate the placement of the rafter legs.

First of all, you need to assemble frame structure. After that, the installation of a four-pitched or gable roof is carried out. You should know that the device of the rafter system in this case will not be easy.

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Nuances to consider

In order for the roof to be made correctly, the following rules must be observed:

1. In the process of constructing the ridge system and rafters, the same type of wood should be used.
2. Intermediate rails must have a strong slope, so they minimum size is 150x50 mm.
3. Elements of short length are attached to the details of the rafters, which are placed in the corners. It is not allowed to fasten short parts to the ridge rail.
4. In the design, you need to use intermediate rafter legs, which are located in the central part of the product. They are mounted on a ridge rail.
5. These elements must be rested on the upper part of the harness and on the ridge rail. To perform the installation yourself, you will need to imagine the frame structure and prepare a drawing.

It is important to consider the following nuances:

1. The skate must be the bearing axle.
2. As the power components of the truss system, slats will be used, one part of which should protrude outside the private house, and the other should be fixed on the ridge.
3. The central rafter legs must be fixed at the ends of the ridge and brought to all walls.
4. Intermediate rafter legs should depart from the ridge.

Elements that need to be prepared in order to build a hipped roof with your own hands:

• jigsaw;
• hammer;
• self-tapping screws;
• drill;
• bars and slats;
• roofing material;
• metal staples (can be made independently from a 9-10 mm bar).

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The sequence of steps for the manufacture of a hipped roof

The roof must be installed before the ceiling is installed. First of all, a bar should be laid along the perimeter of the building (over the walls) in order to distribute the weight throughout the base. As a bar, you can use a beam made of wood or metal. The element is called Mauerlat. It can be fixed with special studs. Next, you need to perform the following actions:

1. First of all, the axis is marked along top harness. You need to mark from the end of the building.
2. Next, you need to calculate ½ of the thickness of the ridge rail and mark the place of installation of the initial element of the rafter system.
3. After that, the measuring bar must be attached to the marked line and mark the installation site of the intermediate rafter leg.
4. The placement of the remaining elements of the rafters must be calculated by moving the plank along the side wall and marking the location of each rafter leg.
5. Actions must be repeated with other angles.

In the process of preparing a hipped roof with your own hands, you need to use several types of trusses. These are the slopes of an ordinary farm, which are fastened in a ridge. Additionally, you can use the side triangular rafter legs. When installing them, attention must be paid to the absence of discrepancies in the length and inclination of these parts. They must be clearly calibrated for all parties. The length of the overhang should be chosen based on the features of the building. The maximum value is 1 m.

To increase the strength of the tent structure, during installation, you can use cross beam, which strengthens the central truss system.

The arrangement of a hipped roof on the one hand has clear advantages in a reduced amount of materials and good performance characteristics, but at the same time, the installation of a hipped roof is a rather complicated process, which is almost impossible to cope with on your own. We will talk about the features of manufacturing a hipped roof later.

Features and benefits of a hipped roof

For self-manufacturing hipped roof should have at least elementary skills in its calculation.

Among the main components of a hipped roof, we highlight:

• corner rafter;
• short rafters;
• ridge type timber;
• central rafters;
• rafters of intermediate type.

Among the main advantages of this type of roofing, we note its excellent aerodynamic drag thanks to which it can easily withstand even the strongest winds. Therefore, if hurricanes are expected in the region, then the most the best option will be the arrangement of a hipped roof.

The main disadvantage is the severity of calculations and construction general design. Moreover, attic space has a small area and small usable volume. The classical understanding of a hipped roof is determined by its similarity with a pyramid, which consists of four slopes and a base. It is possible to support the slopes on the house or their way out of it.

If we consider the scheme for arranging a hipped roof, then it is distinguished by a certain simplicity, and a variety of methods are used to calculate it. In order to correctly design a hipped roof, the Pythagorean table is most often used; with its help, calculations of trapezoids and triangular structures are carried out with maximum accuracy.

It also does not take much time to calculate the slopes and hip sections, but in order to accurately determine the dimensions of the rafters for slanting or ordinary purposes, you should work hard.

A brief construction scheme includes calculations, frame assembly, roof fixing.

1. The ridge system must be made from the same type of wood.

2. Since the intermediate boards are installed with a huge slope, they must be strong enough, optimal size material is 5x15 cm.

3. To fix short elements, ridge boards are not required, they are fixed on the corner sections.

4. Rafters of a central, intermediate nature are installed on the ridge board.

To make design work much easier, you should study exactly design features roofs, and the main purpose of each of its elements:

• the ridge acts as a bearing axis, which is the central part of the structure;
• in the form of power elements, it is recommended to equip the windrows, one part of which is fixed on the ridge, and the second goes beyond the roof;
• fixation of the central rafters occurs at the end section of the ridge, and the output is outside the walls;
• intermediate types of rafters will be fixed on the ridge and slopes.

To make measurements and design as accurate as possible, we recommend using a measuring stick rather than a level. For its manufacture, a plywood strip or a narrow plank is suitable.

Please note that the material is better to choose from conifers wood, since it is this wood that is most resistant to external irritants. In addition, the tree must undergo high-quality processing and drying. The thickness of the ridge beam and all rafters should be the same. All measurements are taken in relation to the lower rib part of the rafter.

Upon completion of the work, a crate is made on the roof, the size and configuration of which depends on the further type of coating, and then such work is carried out as:

• installation of vapor barrier - for fastening the film is used construction stapler, and to improve the docking, a tape is laid on the surface of the seams, which has sealing properties;
• the insulation layer is laid close to the rafters, starting from the bottom, please note that the interval between the waterproofing layer and the insulation should be at least 20 mm, so it will be possible to organize the ventilation space;
• further work is carried out on laying waterproofing;
• the control crate is the place where the outer covering is attached.

Creating a Hip Roof Project

The most important feature of a tent-type roof is the observance of strict symmetry. Therefore, when arranging it, very strict calculations should be carried out. The whole difficulty lies in the design of the rafter system.

The arrangement of a hipped roof is possible only if it is located on a building that forms the shape of a square or a regular polygon. In the first case, the roof will consist of four isosceles triangular structures. To calculate such a roof, it is enough to carry out calculations to determine the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe slope and multiply this value by four. To determine the area, the base divided by two is multiplied by the height of the triangular structure. Further, the obtained value is summed up with the area of ​​the cornice sections having the shape of a trapezoid with equal sides.

The next step involves calculating the roof area in relation to the wall outer wall. Please note that the hipped roof is equipped with a slope of thirty or forty degrees, this value is taken into account when calculating the ridge zone.

The height of the ridge is calculated by multiplying half the length of the main part of the roof by the tangent and sine of the angle of the roof. Use the Internet to determine the last two values. When the height of the ridge is found, the height of the triangular part of the roof is determined, according to which its sides are also calculated.

To calculate the parameters of the cornice overhangs, one should proceed from the structural features, minimum value overhang is thirty centimeters.

If this procedure too complicated for you, it is better to turn to specialists, since incorrect calculations will significantly affect the quality and performance of the roof.

Features and design of a hipped roof

There are two layout options truss systems at the hipped roof:

• hanging;
• layered.

The first option is suitable for roofs with large spans, in the absence of the possibility of providing props. Thus, the rafters rest solely on the walls, while creating a horizontal bursting pressure. To reduce it, install wooden or steel puffs. At the top, the rafters should be interconnected, and at the bottom they rest on the walls. This type systems are highly complex and rarely used.

The second option is simpler and more popular, but for its arrangement you will need an internal bearing wall, which will bear part of the load. This roof has several points of support, in the form of rafter legs and a ridge, while the pressure on the walls is practically not felt.

There is an interval of 400-500 cm between the supporting parts. If this value is increased, then it is recommended to equip the supporting mechanisms in the form of struts. This type of rafter system requires less material consumption, is lighter in weight and has a simple design.

The truss system for the manufacture of a hipped roof consists of:

• diagonal beams that have an angular arrangement;
• Mauerlat - beams designed to support the lower part of the rafter system;
• rafter legs - parts that are attached to the rafters;
• struts - supports for the previous part;
• purlins, crossbars, beds, providing additional rigidity of the entire structure.

Hip roof photo and preparatory stage of work

The hipped roof in the house must be equipped before the moment when the ceiling appears in it. Preparatory stage arranging a hipped roof includes laying timber around the perimeter of the house structure. Steel or wooden beams are used as timber, which help to evenly distribute the weight throughout the structure.

For their fixation, a special kind of hairpins are used. Next, follow a series of steps:

• mark the axis along the perimeter of the entire harness;
• calculate half the thickness of the ridge beam, and mark the area where the first rafter element will be installed;
• install the measuring rail with one end on the marked line and mark the place where the rafter will be located;
• to calculate the overhang of the rafter, install one part of the beam on the roof, and the second on outer corner walls;
• in order to clearly determine the location of each roof part, you should gradually move the rail on the wall surface, and mark the installation location of each of the elements;
• repeat all the above operations with other triangles.

Do-it-yourself hipped roof: installation features

To build a hipped roof yourself, you will need:

• electric saws;
• grinders or jigsaw;
• ax;
• electric planer;
• hammer with nails;
• dowels with self-tapping screws;
• bars and boards, preferably one type of wood;
• metal staples, for the manufacture of which metal rods are used, at least 0.8 cm thick;
• roofing finishing material.

At the start of execution installation work assembly of the main nodal elements of the roof. This will require the presence of logs, timber and boards, a certain section. The assembly procedure is carried out according to a pre-prepared template.

The thickness of the material is influenced, first of all, by the length of the rafter, the step of laying the parts, the angle of the roof and total load. The initial assembly of all elements is carried out on the ground.

If it is planned to equip a hipped roof in a house made of wood, then it is installed on the upper crown of timber.

It is necessary to start work with the arrangement of the main part of the roof. Mauerlats and beds are laid on the surface of the walls. Please note that before carrying out this process, you should take care of preliminary waterproofing and install material with increased moisture resistance, such as plastic wrap, on the walls.

Next, two rafters are raised at opposite corners from each other. Their connection is carried out in the ridge zone. To avoid weakening the Mauerlat, do not make cuts and log cabins on its surface, it is preferable to use a board previously cut under the beams.

Next, raise two rafters at other corners and also fix them in the ridge area. Adjust the notches, fix the system with puffs. Do-it-yourself construction of a hipped roof implies the absence of a run, so the diagonal rafters are connected directly on the ridge.

To provide additional structural rigidity, it is recommended to install a central rack that will support the skate.

The final stage involves the installation of racks, struts and sprockets. To provide additional rigidity to the legs of the rafter system, parts in the form of strengels should be placed under their surface.

The main condition for the correct execution of all work is the installation of rafters at a right angle.

To protect the walls of the building from high humidity, it is recommended to install overhanging parts of the rafters between the wall with an interval of 450 mm. When installing non-protruding rafters, they need additional lengthening with the help of pieces of boards.

Rafters, without fail, are fixed on the walls. If the house is made of stone or brick materials, then it is enough to use a special five-millimeter wire, which, in the form of clamps, is fixed with one part on the rafters, and the other on the wall, using a pin.

To fix the rafters on wooden walls, the use of metal staples is sufficient. The next stage is the installation of the crate, the provision of high-quality wind protection, steam and waterproofing work.

Please note that only with the correct calculation and observance of all the technological aspects of the arrangement of the roof, it will serve its owner for a long time and with high quality, and will provide reliable protection the whole building from negative impacts environment.

The procedure for strengthening the hipped roof and the technology for its implementation

To improve the rigidity and reliability of the entire structure of the hipped roof, its truss system needs additional reinforcement, we will talk about the technology for this process further:

1. Installation of trusses will ensure the reliability of reinforcing the corner sections. This element has the form of a bar, which is installed near the Mauerlat and contributes to the formation of an angle. We advise, in addition to the strengel, to install an element in the form of a farm.

2. To connect the ceiling and the timber, elements in the form of racks are used. They are responsible for the uniform distribution of the entire load.

3. If the length of the diagonal rafters is too long, it is recommended to install double beams instead of a regular beam.

4. To build a crate, use wooden planks or bars, with a section of 4x4 cm.

5. Before using any wood-based materials, it is recommended to treat them with special formulations moisture-repellent and antiseptic purpose.

6. Do not use materials with high humidity, since as they dry, they will lead to deformation of the roof.

7. Installation of the crate is carried out perpendicular to the legs of the rafter.

Hipped roofs attract attention from afar. The apparent simplicity and conciseness of the shape of the roof captivates, so the desire to make such a roof is quite natural. What needs to be provided for construction and how to build a hipped roof with your own hands?

Among the variety of roofs for private houses, a tent or hip roof is the most economical in terms of building materials. The slopes of the roof are in the form of isosceles triangles, which form a common top, and a square acts as a base.

A hipped roof is a type of hipped roof. Another name for a hipped roof is a hip roof. Its base is a rectangle: 2 side faces are triangular, while others represent a trapezoid.

The perfect symmetry of the building system and roof slopes requires coordinated action and accurate calculation in its self erection. In order to make such a roof, it is important to carefully study the features of its design.

The main elements of the hipped roof truss system are:

• Mauerlat support beam, which acts as a support for the ends of the rafters;

• diagonal rafters located at the corners of the frame;

• support-struts;

• shortened rafters or rafters that are attached to the rafters;

• additional supports (beds, crossbars and girders) that create rigidity for the roof.

But be that as it may, the complex arrangement of the rafter and hipped roof components creates a stable system that is used in the construction of private houses. Of course, for the construction of a hipped roof with your own hands, you will need an accurate calculation, the formulas of which are based on trivial methods for calculating triangles.

How to perform hipped roof calculations

The main purpose of calculating such a roof is to find the volume of materials required for its construction (roofing, roofing material), lathing and installation of the truss system according to certain parameters. In addition to volumetric parameters, the slope angle is calculated, as well as the overall dynamic strength of the system.

Naturally, the calculation is quite complex and voluminous in terms of the number of parameters, so it is best to use an online calculator that you can easily find on the net.

As a result of this calculation, you will receive the following data:

• total roof surface area (including overhangs);
• angles of inclination of the side rafters;
• lengths of side, diagonal and slanting rafters;
• the required number of rafters for the installation of the system;
• recommended rafter section;
• the number of rows of crates;
• volumes of timber for rafters.

Do-it-yourself hipped roof: photo, video, process features

Building a hipped roof is best to start small. architectural forms(for example, the roof of a garage or an open gazebo). A great opportunity to learn roof construction technology and further improve your skills at work.

Arrangement of the frame

The frame of such a roof has a simple design and consists of four diagonal rafters and eight struts (each rafter has two struts).

Roof installation always begins with the construction of the frame. It is important to understand that for wooden houses the frame rests on the upper crowns, for houses made of foam concrete and brick houses- on Mauerlat.

Installation of support bars and Mauerlat

Mauerlat mounting methods:

• using rafter studs;

• using steel wire;

• with anchor bolts.

Mauerlat fastening using wire is carried out by laying steel wire at a distance of 20-30 mm. As soon as the masonry dries, the timber is wrapped around the wire, after which its ends are fixed.

The studs for attaching the rafters are L-shaped and immersed in a concrete cushion up to 450 mm. Mauerlat place and drill holes for installing studs. Next, the studs are installed in place, after which they are tightened with a nut.

Regardless of which method of attaching the Mauerlat you choose, you need to provide a waterproofing layer. Before the introduction of the studs, the waterproofing material is pierced. After pouring concrete, you need to calculate the thread of the studs, until the concrete has had time to harden.

The Mauerlat is fastened to anchor bolts directly into the armored belt before pouring. To mark the holes for the anchor bolts, you need to prepare the board and mark the installation sites on it. Next, the board is applied to the edge of the Mauerlat and holes are drilled according to the markings. After preparation, the Mauerlat is put on the bolts, a washer is placed, then the nut is tightened.

Arrangement of the truss system

Having aligned the Mauerlat along the perimeter of the roof, you can proceed with the installation of the truss system, namely the diagonal rafters located along the diagonals of the hipped roof. At the same time, keep in mind that the main load of the system falls on the diagonal rafters. Diagonal beams are distinguished by their considerable length and significant weight.

Their installation is carried out according to the calculated non-spacer or spacer scheme, according to which the rafter leg of the beam can rest against the beam or Mauerlat. The angle of inclination of the rafters can be up to 23°. The second pair of rafters is installed in exactly the same way. After installing the diagonal rafters, 2 short struts adjoin them.

During operation, it may be necessary to scrape off the upper layer of the rafter. It must be laid on the edge at an angle. The layer located in the valley is cut off with a groove. Thus, laying the crate is much easier.

Useful tips when building a hipped roof

According to the selected project, all operations during the construction of a hipped roof - the construction of a batten, the installation of a valley, the framing of openings and pipes, are carried out during the installation of the truss system. Accurate adherence to construction technology will provide an excellent result.

A hipped roof is a roof that is a four-pitched roof covering. It consists of identical triangular slopes, necessarily isosceles, connecting in the center. Compliance with symmetry is the main thing in the construction of such a roof.

In its shape, this type of roof looks like a tent, hence the name. Since the hipped roof has a similar geometry to a tetrahedral pyramid, such a roof is often called pyramidal(pyramidal roof).

Most often, a hipped roof is erected over square-shaped buildings. Sometimes, when building a hip roof, more slopes are also used, the main thing is that outwardly it resembles a pyramid or a polygon with equal sides.

This is one of the varieties hipped roofs. In terms of design and features during construction, it is very similar to a hip roof: it also lacks gables, and the cornice overhang runs at the same level along the entire perimeter of the building.

According to historians, the appearance of a roof in the form of a tent goes back centuries, even huts primitive people shaped like a tent. Excavations carried out in Mesopotamia, where one of the most ancient developed states once existed, show that even the ancient Sumerians erected buildings with roofs in the form of tents, especially often such roofs were used on religious buildings: temples, temples, chapels. Hip roofs can also be found on ancient towers and castles, where the structures strongly resemble a steep descent.

Currently, such roofs are often used in the construction of cottages, gazebos and other low-rise buildings.

Design

The design features of this type of roof include the arrangement of the truss system, it is designed in two ways:

Hanging truss system is as follows: the rafters rest directly on the walls, creating horizontal pressure, in this system a system of special screeds is required. It is used if the roof spans are large and the installation of props is not provided for in the project.

Layered way more popular, but, for its execution, it is necessary to have a load-bearing wall, indoors. The main load then falls on it, but the pressure on the walls, when erecting a roof in this way, is practically absent.

The hipped roof has whole line Benefits worth mentioning:

• gables are not provided for buildings with a hipped roof, which greatly reduces the consumption of materials and work for the construction of gables and filing overhangs;
• a roof of this type has excellent aerodynamic properties, it is not afraid of strong winds, and the design features will not allow precipitation to enter the attic;
• the surface of such a roof warms up sunbeams from several sides at once, on sunny days the room under an uninsulated roof will be warmer;
• the slopes of such a roof are located at a certain angle, which contributes to the removal of rainwater and melting snow from the roof.

But, like every design, this roof has a number of disadvantages:

• the hipped roof is quite difficult to design and erect, but upon completion of construction, the rich appearance and ease of use often hide this drawback;
• this roof structure abounds large quantity connections, beams and rafters, it is necessary to strictly monitor the reliability of all nodes and connections, in order to avoid loss of rigidity and shape of the plane during the construction of the roof;
• the cost of construction - to install such a roof, as a rule, it is necessary to hire professionals in their field, which always increases the cost of the construction process;
• an attic or attic, erected under a tent-shaped roof, is significantly inferior in size to a room under a gable roof;
• a big waste when using most roofing(especially ).

Popularity

The use of hipped roofs in our time has become quite widespread, they are used not only in private construction, but also in the construction of all kinds of modern buildings. Also, they are used to decorate buildings intended for entertainment centers or expensive restaurants. Such a roof gives any building extravagance and exoticism.

On the basis of a hipped roof, more complex structures are designed. Currently, gable elements, dormer windows and elements of other types of roofs are added to the tent-based construct in unlimited quantities. They cut into parts of hip roofs, complicating the design, giving it a more beautiful and elegant look.