Violets or Saintpolia are surprised by their variety of forms and colors. Exists great amount violets that admire their beauty and without flowers, especially variations. They are able to decorate any interior. But still, most of the flower wanders are filled with no due to foliage, namely because of beautiful flowers. With good care, SENPOLIA is pleasing to their owners blossom almost all year round.

Different types and varieties indoor violets They are distinguished by flowering, shape and size of sockets, painting and form of foliage. They are combined into groups for which they are easier to distinguish. There are classic, fantasy, cached, violets-bells, stars of violets, violets and viper chimeras. All of them have their own highlight and are beautiful, and each flower can choose a flower to their taste.

Flowers in indoor violets are simple five-membered or terry, in diameter from 2.5 to 9 centimeters, on the flower makers are collected from 2 to 7 pieces. Coloring diverse: white, pink, purple, purple, lilac, blue and two-color. The cores of the flower and border on the edges of the petals can be painted in contrasting colors.

The violet has a shortened stem. The plant forms a root rosette of leaves. W. different varieties Violets diameter socket ranges from 7 to 45 centimeters. Leaves an elongated or rounded shape, fleshy, with a slightly served or smooth edges and juicy cuttings. The color of foliage, depending on the species, can be from light to dark green. Penistful varieties may have inclusions of other (contrast) colors. Root system surface.

The fragrance of violet is favorably affected by the human body. He improves the mood, relieves the tension, eliminates insomnia, expels negative energy, positively affects the atmosphere in the house. In addition, the flower does not cause allergies.

When do violets bloom?

Violet, depending on varietal features and care, blooms up to 9-10 months.
On one blooming, buds are saved for 2 months, after that a break takes for 2-3 months. The violet is increasing with a new foliage, and in the sinuses appear with buds with buton.

Abundant blooming violets is laid at the genetic level. The varieties that in flowering are formed not more than 3 blooms can not bloom. In order for the plant to please the volumetric bloom, you need to choose the right grade and provide it good care.

Lack of sunlight is pretty frequent cause lack of buds.

Improper placement of pots with flowers leads to a weakening of violet. It is easy to find out on the leaves, they pull up. Excess light is also dangerous for a flower, it leads to the appearance of sunburn.

1. Light day for violet should be about 12 hours. If he is shorter, then the colors can not get, and if it is, it will be scarce and short.
2. Violet with dark green, dense foliage requires more light than a flower with light, wavy sheets. The plant should not touch the cold window glass.
3. In summer, the air temperature in the room should be 20-24 degrees, in the fall and winter 18 degrees.
4. During feeding it is impossible to use a large number of nitrogen fertilizers. They contribute to the active growth of the greenery, the flowerons appear later. If fertilizers contain a lot of potassium, the violet stops in growth and yellow.
5. Air humidity for comfortable conditions violets should be 50%. If the air is dry, it needs to be artificially moistened.
6. Water flower need as soil drying in a pot.
7. The soil for growing violet should be light, breathable and loose. Once a year you need to transplant the flower into a new soil.
8. The pot must be small and correspond to the size of the plant, otherwise the violet does not bloom.
9. If the plant is more than 3 years old, it needs to be seeded, as the bloom occurs only on young outlets.

No colors occur due to not proper care, uncomfortable conditions for the content of plants, diseases and pests.

1. The violet suffers from direct sunlight.
2. Hot air radiators heating should not touch the flower.
3. She loves moderately moistened air, direct spraying is not suitable for this.
4. Drafts harm the flower.
5. You need to cleanse the leaves from dust with a softly moistened with a cloth or brush, it is impossible to wet.
6. The land in the pot should not completely rehabilitate or challenge.
7. For watering you need to use soft and warm water.

Care for violet at home

For the growth and development of violets, certain conditions are needed.
It is not difficult to care for violet. For it, it is necessary to provide bright lighting, choose a potted pot on the size of the plant and ensure timely watering and feeding.

Watering a plant needed water room temperature, As the earth dries. It should not fall on the leaves and the flower growth point. Watering the plant from the bottom to the pallet is not recommended. Harmful salts at the same time rise in upper layer Earth, which leads to the need for frequent replacement of soil.

For moisture once a week, the violet can be sprayed from the sprayer. Water needs to be sprayed at a remote distance so that the moisture droplets are not formed on the leaves and colors, which can lead to their highlighting. This procedure contributes to the growth of leaves and moisturizes the sleeved air indoors. To further enhance the humidity between the pots, it is necessary to place tanks with water or with a faded with water sewage, sphagnum.

How to water the violet: video

Reproduction

Phials are multiplied with leaf cuttings of which cries and seeds grow.

The formed sheet is taken from the second lower row of the flower. It is placed in a jar with water and put into a warm light, closed from drafts, direct sunlight. After 3.5-4 weeks appear roots. The cuttings landed in the loose land into the recess of up to 2 centimeters, the earth falls asleep and is covered with a can or plastic bag.

Watering the plant is needed by water. You can disassemble young violets with well-formed sockets and 2-3 pairs of leaves. After 3 weeks, the departed kids go to growth.

How to grow a violet from the leaflet: video

Growing flower seeds. You can buy ready-made seeds or assemble them yourself. At the same time you need to put two different flower. After pollination, the uterine box appears. When it dries can be collected seeds. They are driving into the grooves, and after their germination and reaching 3-4 centimeters to the height of the plant are cleared into pots.

If the crown of plants greatly exceeds the size of the pot or roots completely filled the pot and make their way through drainage holes The plant needs to be transplanted into a larger pot.

This is done at the end of the blossom of violet. Transplant B. new earth Every 6-12 months allows the plant with nutrients. At the same time, it is necessary to preserve the excavation com on the roots as much as possible, then the plant will quickly go into growth.

If the transplant is not required, you can simply feed the flower with special fertilizers.

Earth for adult violets should include:

• 1.5 kilograms of leaf land,
• 800 grams of peat
• 300 grams of perlite, vermiculite or large sand,
• 100 grams of coconut substrate,
• 100 grams of chopped moss-sfagnum,
• 20 grams of crushed charcoal.

As a drainage, it is not cut-out sphagnum or vermiculite.

The flower socket diameter should be more diameter Pot 3 times. Large varieties of violets can be planted and in large pots with a diameter of 13 centimeters (for annolete Plant). In small pots large varieties Could not gain a leaf mass, which leads to the absence of buds.

How to transplant violets: video

Care in winter

• IN winter Flower need to provide additional lighting.
• The air temperature should not be reduced to 17 degrees of heat.
• If the flower stands on the southern window, it must be closed from direct sunlight with a transparent curtain or white paper.
• Flower leaves should not touch the cold window.
• During the winter period, the plant is enough of one feeding.

Signs of diseases or the presence of pests can be noticed even a newcomer in flower growing. Most often, the violet is amazed by such diseases and pests as: Fusariosis, puffy dew, Gray Rinch and Cherwec, Tl.

Fusariosis is a fungus leads to rotting the roots of the flower. The disease appears due to cold water And frequent watering flower. This is manifested by the lack of colors, the leaves are gray and fall. Fundazole and benomyl are used to eliminate the disease.

Puffy dew is an infection that appears when light shortage, low plant content temperature (below 18 degrees), dust accumulation. It forms white raids appearing on the plants stems. To eliminate the illness used special tool Benle. Flower stems need to be regularly wiped slightly moistened rag, a room to air daily.

Gray rot appears after frequent irrigation plants cold water and temperature drops in the room. On stiffs and foliage, the disease is manifested with gray, fluffy ride. Agate, thiram and phytosparin are used to combat the disease.

Pests can often be found on violets. Cherweans appear on the roots of the flower. Pests are easy to recognize if we remove the plant from the pot, and release the roots from the soil. The violet is also covered with small red spots. Fituerm is used to eliminate the pest. Roots are cleaned of soil, washed and processed by the act.

The TLL appears in residential premises with purchased shop flowers or colors brought from the cottage. The wave drinks juice from the plant, strikes buds, flowers. Appeated pests are destroyed soapy solution, and with a strong damage to the mospila, accomplish.

Pliers are manifested by red dots and cobwebs on the foliage. Round yellow spots appear on the plant. The amazed flower is treated with accutelle.

What to do to the violet bloom?

Flowerines are formed only when good lighting. Colors are equally important duration and intensity of lighting. If the violet grows on the abundant blossom window, you can wait closer to May. Daily violet should be covered within 12-14 hours. On the window, a sufficient amount of light from the beginning of spring until the end of August. In the middle of autumn, the lighting period is reduced to 8 hours, in the winter it becomes shorter. It is for this reason that the violet on the window bloom only to May. On the highlighted racks, violets grow faster and bloom the bowl. The light from the lamp for the backlight should be brighter than reading.

For abundant blossoms of violet root system The flower must be tightly tired of the entire pot, otherwise the bloom will be short.

To correctly pick up a pot for violet, you need to be guided by the rule: the diameter of the socket in terms of the ratio to the diameter of the pot should be 3: 1. For a young flower, there is enough pot in a diameter of 5-6 centimeters, a pot of 12-13 centimeters is taken for an adult plant.

How to care for blooming violet

Flowerines appear in the sinuses of the leaves. The violet's coloring bookmark must be fully developed and strong leaves. Plant during this period requires more nutrients and large quantity moisture, as it is laid young roots. During the growth period, violet must be fed every 2 months, during the flowering period - once a week. Food fertilizers are taken as feeding.
In winter, you can use the organic, such as an infusion of avian litter, diluted with water in the ratio of part of the infusion and 30 parts of water.

The appearance of the plant should be adjusted using the outlet forming. It provides a laid shape and flowering. To do this, it is necessary to crop the tagged flowers, damaged, curves and dry leaves, steps, and small neighboring shoots.
The blooming violet must have 3 rows of leaves. To rejuvenate the flower, the leaves are thinned, and the lower row is completely clipped. For trimming, the knife sharp and alcohol treated with alcohol.

The blooming violet gives a lot of joy, but the plant is needed and rest. After flowering, you need to perform such actions:

1. Remove dry flowers, new leave.
2. Plant at the end of bloom to transplant.
3. If the barrel remains, it is plunged when transplanting. If you wish, it can be trimmed and placed in the water before the appearance of the roots and further landing In the ground.
4. Phali in the sinuses of foliage instead of flowers may appear geeks. They are removed.
5. Large steps can be transplanted into a new pot. The second growth point is removed.

If you comply with these rules, the plant will rest and will rejoice in beautiful and fragrant colors.

For abundant flowering, violets need to provide them optimal conditions Contents and good care. They meet reciprocity and please lush blossom. These beautiful flowers Not only adorn the house, but also normalize energy in the house.

The violets have long been considered an indicator of well-being in the room where they settled. If the owners are attentive and take care of all the inhabitants of the dwelling, Senpolya will receive his stake and will delight his abundant blossom. Reproduction and care for indoor violet will not present difficulties, if you know the agrotechnik plant.

Conditions and microclimate favorable for plants

Defining are:

• place placement;
• duration and;
• temperature mode and air humidity;
• watering mode;
• timely transplantation and reproduction of violets.

Place indoor violet on a well-lit place on all windows, except northern without direct sunlight. Lack of lighting will provoke diseases, flowering will stop. You can grow on racks in the depths of the apartment, if you create an artificial lighting of the daytime spectrum, for at least 10 hours.

Temperature in the summer can be 21-25 degrees, in winter it is enough 15-18. Seedlings are coming or rooted at 25. All processes slow down at temperatures close to 30. Air humidity should be about 50%.

The violet does not like excessive moisture. How often watered violets? During flowering, watering bottom or traditional should be daily, in winter twice a week. The main thing is not to overflow and avoid stagnation of water in the pallet. If the roots do not get the roots and can be dried. In modern care, a very interest caused a wrap-watering of violets and other indoor plants.

Senpolia is growing on a skinny ground with a small amount of additional nutrition. Therefore, the substrate is often replaced for a full content. With annual resetting, only the substrate is replaced, without increasing the volume of KashP. Once every three years, the transplant is obligatory. Systematic cultivation of new copies allows you to remove old plants that lose decorativeness. Modify the violet, how to transplant easily, knowing the basic rules.

Change and reproduction of indoor violets

Plant reproduction can be guided using leaves, processes from the root of 3 - 4 leaves, seeds. Most often used method of pacifying sheet, we will analyze it in more detail.

A leaf with a healthy plant is taken for breeding. If this is a big outlet, then the leaves of the second tier are selected, rooted through a glass with water. Young plants or young leaves of the upper tiers are coming right in the substrate, in a wet MCU, in the mini aircraft.

The sheet should have a tagory, a fresh cut is performed before booking on germination, which is updated, if instead of Callyus the cutlets started. Some varieties of Satpolia through the water are not rooted, only in the MCU or substrate.

Requirements for substrate

The soil for violet should be light and slightly sour. The compositions are different, the main thing, it must be air-permeable and nutritious. Permanent moderate moisturizing allows to dissolve minerals, giving salt for nutrition. One of the compositions recommended for SENPOLIY:

• garden land - 5 parts;
• - 3 parts;
• sand - 1 part.

You can take a ready-made soil for seedlings "Vermion". But any of the compositions should first be treated against pathogens and pests, then add to 2 l of the prepared mixture:

• "Living Earth" 1 liter;
• vermiculite 1 cup;
• perlite 1 cup;
• moss sphagnum 1.5 glasses;
• grinding charcoal 2/5 glasses;
• Powder at the tip of the knife.

For drainage it will take clamzit.

Tableware for violet

Containers must be wide. With a height of 10 cm for an adult plant, a cup of 15 -20 cm with a diameter is suitable. It is important to the right ratio, so a larger drainage layer is laid out in a deep narrow pot. Spacious dishes detain bloom until the roots are filled. When transplanting roots should be originally close. Any dishes are used, but better plastic, since the clay has pores, and the earth dries quickly.

Water for watering

Water applies soft raw estate. If watering the bottom, then after wetting the layer of the Earth, remnants of water from the pallet immediately after irrigation. Modern wrap, watering violet, allows you to create uniform moisturizing and reduces the departure time.

When planting violets with roots, the following conditions should be observed:

• Create a drainage layer, pre-defending drainage holes from clogging, stretching the wicks through them, and putting it into the layer of the subwoofer. Place the roots, so that the neck of the plant is in the middle of the cup, placed below the rim for watering. Gently pour out the ground root, slightly shaking and sealing the substrate mechanically.
• After plugging to the neck of the roots of the soil, so that it lay down to the roots. After the deposition of the Coma, to be added from above the dry mixture and mulch from evamikulite evaporation.
• Cover the benchmark on top of evaporation, venting. But do not water until it takes.

The sign of the survival will serve the emergence of new leaves on the bush, the appearance of young seedlings on the cutting.

Optionally, with each transplant to use a larger pot. It depends on the state of the root system. If she fits tightly with the earth and retains his shape when the pot is out of the pot, you need a large one by 1-1.5 cm.

Often ask a question whether it is possible to transplanted the blooming violet. It is undesirable if the plant is blooming, then it is enough for the power, wait for the end of flowering. But if the plant flooded, the transplant is inevitable. In this case, the root revision should be conducted and removed brown, you can switch to 2/3 root system and remove some of the leaves, use them for breeding. To bloom to recover faster, you need to take a smaller displacement dishes.

How to plant a violet if it doesn't bloom and lost decorative View from old age? Such a plant has a stem from below with ceremony. A sharp knife cut off the upper part, root in water and after planting like all other violets.

If violet, which is beautifully blooming, fallen down the lower sheets and barley barbed, can be broken, but not immediately. Initially, it is necessary that roots appear on this part of the plant. Wrap a stem in the moss sphagnum with bactericidal and deterrent properties. When the roots appear on it, you can plug the earth.

Video on the wrap of violets

In our climate, violets are home plants. The violet also has another name of Senpolia.

They attract them lovers of blooming houseplants with their bright colors and fluffy leaves. In addition home flower Not a source of allergies. But the violet is not easy to care, it is enough capricious to conditions, and so that it blooms, the flower is to try.

Most frequent questiondefined by novice flowes, why not blooms violet?

This can be happening for various reasons:

• shortage or oversupply of nutrient elements;
• too large for a plant pot;
• unsuitable soil;
• violation of watering mode;
• inappropriate climate;
• insufficient light level.

On a note! Some varieties of violets bloom for a long time, others need rest after flowering, while the flowering period may be much shorter than the recovery period.

Growing and care

Landing viok

Violets or sensipolia are very capricious and demanding on growing conditions.

Firstly, You need to choose the plant right pot. The roots of violets grow on the surface of the soil, and not to the depth, so the pots for violets are selected quite compact. The dimensions of the pots vary from 5 to 5 cm for small varieties or children of violets up to 9 9 cm for born plants. At the same time, if you decide to transplant the plant, then you should not change the size of the pot in the direction of magnification.

Landing violets in a pot size exceeding 9 by 9 cm leads to a negative effect, which is expressed as follows:

• the flower may not bloom for two years due to the fact that all the power will go to the formation of leaves to the detriment of the formation of inflorescences.
• in those places where the soil is not braided by plant roots, fungal diseases may develop and subsequently harm the plant.

The material from which the pot is made for violet is also important. If you choose a light pot from plastic, it will not be superfluous to make holes on the sides of the pot so that the air penetrates the soil and ventilated the roots of violets. It will also save the land from zaksania. If the choice of flower feet fell on a ceramic pot, you need to choose the pots without glazes, as the pots without glazes pass the air and allow the roots of the plant to breathe.

Secondly, Need to choose for violet soil.

Violets love the weakness of the soil. If the soil acidity is strongly deviated from the pH 6-6.5, the violet can stop normally grow: the buds will fail even without blossoming. This may occur due to the fact that the plant ceases to absorb useful substances from the soil and comes nitrogen-phosphoric hunger. According to plants experienced flowerflower Find out what a soil at the moment at violet. If the young leaves are twisted, the soil is sour, if the leaves are pale and the tips become brown, then the ground is alkaline.

Now many manufacturers produce special soil for different species Plants. Violets are no exception. But even the purchase of the soil is not always ideal - it happens that it is so light that when watering water is seeping into the slot between the soil mixture and the walls of the pot, without heating the soil. Therefore, it is better to prepare the soil yourself, taking two parts garden land And connecting it with one part of the sand. Next, you need to be cooked independently ground to me in order to destroy pests and painful bacteria. Now you can pour a soil in a pot and plant violets. After landing, it is better to pour the ceramzite to the surface of the Earth, which will hold moisture and remove the soil from drying out.

Care for domestic violets

The violet to achieve maximum decorativeness is needed very bright place, but without direct sunlight. Therefore, most often blooming violets can be seen in the houses of flower water on the windowsill with the North, North-West, northeastern side. If the window in the apartment flower window goes only to the south side, then there will have pots with violets with something to shade in order to avoid receiving the leaves and flowers of sensipolia of solar burns. To sunlight It has become soft and scattered, you can close the window with light curtains or sheets of white paper. During the day, violets require 10-12 hours of light. In winter, when natural lighting is not enough, you can highlight the plant by phytolampa.

On a note! So that the chops of violets grow evenly and did not twist from what is covered only on the one hand, from time to time turn the pot with a plant with different sides to the window, so Satpolia's sockets will be symmetrical and neat.

It must be said that those violets, who have dark green leaves, lighting need more than plants with light green curcaneous leaves.

Important! How to determine will the light of your violet? Observe the plant: if the leaves are omitted down, then the light is enough, if stretched upstairs, then SENPOLIA suffers from its lack of.

High-quality care for domestic violets is ensured by maintaining a comfortable temperature regime in the house. The ideal temperature for growing violets is 20-22 degrees, in this comfortable climate the violet is plentifully flowers and the greens looks brightly. If the plant blooms in hot summer period, and in the house the air temperature rises above 28 degrees, then the flowers of violets become small, pale, in varieties with a bright border on the edge of the flowers - this feature disappears. Such a temperature can destroy the plant, you can only help reduce the temperature by installing the air conditioner, split system, fan, or by venting.

No less destructive supercooling of sensipoly, the result of which can be rooting the roots. If this happened, the plant can only be repaid it. The draft is also contraindicated with violets, it is not only dangerous for the appearance of the plant (light spots on the leaves), but can also cause significant harm to their state and even lead to death.

In winter, if the windowsill in the apartment or house is cold, the violet needs to protect from the supercooling of the root system. There are two solutions to the problem:

• you can put a pot with a flower thick wooden or foam stand
• you can rearrange the plant from the window sill to the table or stand with the window, but then you need to not forget to highlight the plant phytolamma, since it is usually in winter the plants suffer from lack of light.

Capricional violet loves moderation and in watering. She will not like a very abundant irrigation, but also his absence is also negatively reflected on the plant. One of the conditions for the correct care of violets is watering the plants of the indulged water temperature. Once a month, you can water the violet with a bodied water. To do this, add acetic acid to the water (one teaspoon per liter of water) or lemonic acid (5 crystals per liter of water).

Attention! Pihalka is contraindicated spraying. Her shaggy leaves are delayed and moisture, which is why the plant can develop a fungal disease.

It is possible to moisture by pouring into the pallet of water and the placement in it is a pot with a plant for thirty minutes. If the house is very warm (above 22 degrees), watering violets are carried out on top, but you need to ensure that the water does not get into the outlet. Well, another solution to the problem is to install a humidifier in the room, which will be useful and plants and man.

Attention! If you water the violet by dipping into the pallet pot and you have a big pallet where you immediately place several pots with plants, be careful to the state of the plants. As in this case through the water is very easy to infect healthy plant From the patient.

Fertilizer and feeding of violets

In the period of growth, young plants are fed by additives with nitrogen. On a note! Caprizuli-violets will not bloom if overlooking fertilizers with nitrogen. Violets and this time they tell us that they need moderation in everything. Vassed I. flowering plant It is necessary to fertilize potassium and phosphorus that are necessary for the formation of buds and flowering.

How to care for violets in winter

The basic rules for maintaining life and the good state of SENPOLY in winter are in four main points:

• Providing prolonged (10-12 hours) of the day with a shower;
• Providing temperature indoors not less than 20 degrees;
• Watering three times a week with water temperature;
• Ensuring high humidity indoors with flower.

Note! During flowering, you need to remove the filled buds from the violet, so the plant will have more to ensure the current flowering. After the flowering period is over for the restoration of the forces, the violet remove the lower sheets and transplant in the fresh soil or the fertilizer in the ground.

Reproduction of violets

The violet blooms only at a young age. If the plant is more than three years old, then most likely it will not bloom. Time to think about the reproduction of SENPOLIA.

The easiest I. an effective way Phalok reproduction - pacification or leaf reproduction. To do this, the plant needs to take a good sheet with a cutlets and put in a glass with water. After some time, the root is formed on the cutlets, then it is planted in a pot with a soil.

Another way is the branch of the children of violets. In the process of growth of adult plants they have formed children. In order for children and the parent plant to interfere with each other, they need to be seeded. It is better to do this in the summer, as an adult plant after the branch of the kids needs strength to recover by winter.

For breeding the violet kids, the following manipulations are carried out:

• Gently dig a baby and a sharp knife to disconnect from the parent plant. With it, it is very important not to damage the outlet.
• If there are a lot of leaflets on the baby, and there are few roots, some of the leaves need to be removed that the plant does not spend strength to maintain leaves, but allowed them to develop the root system.
• Next, the baby needs to be planted in a separate pot, pour and place in place where heat and light, but there are no straight sun rays.

Diseases and pests of violets

• Violets are amazed by phytoofluorosis. On violet appear brown spots. There is no point in the case of this fungal disease, there is no point in the case of violets, so in order to avoid infection of other plants, the sick sensipoly is disposed of, as well as the ground from under it. For the prevention of this disease, the soil for violets is better to buy in stores or self-cooked primer to rush in the oven.
• Violet may hit mildew. With this disease, SENPOLIA trunks covers white flag. This disease appears in following conditions: dusty room, air temperature below 18 degrees of heat, lack of light. For the treatment of the plant, it is necessary to wipe with a wet clean cloth stems, to air the room and treat the flower with the preparation of "Benle".
• Gray Gnil It is manifested in the form of a gray fluffy plaque on the leaves and purple stiffs. The cause of the occurrence is that the plant is watered in no indentioned water temperature, as it should be, and cold water and very often. It is necessary to deal with this ailment followed by processing drugs 2tir "," phytosparin "," agate "and others, as well as the establishment of a normal irrigation regimen.
• Fusariosis fungus Amazes the roots of violets - they begin to rot. This is due to frequent watering with cold water and gives this disease gray fallen foliage and lack of flowering. For treatment, the plant is processed by a solution of Fundosol and benomila.

On a note! Not more than once a month, you can water the violet phytosporin or a pale manganese solution. This is a good prevention against fungal diseases.

Violet very capricious plant, but if the flower breed is cared and provide her quality careShe will delight his beautiful flowers on the windowsill most of the year.

Violets are one of the most charming and beautiful-flowing indoor plants that have long been well-deserved in domestic flower growing. Botanical name of indoor violets - Senpolia in honor of the name of the discoverer. Back in the XIX century, Baron Walter von Saint-Paul, which at that time was the governor of East Africa, for a walk accidentally found unknowns very beautiful flowers. Thanks to him, the seeds were sent to Germany, where they were successfully grouped. After the exhibition of colors about the unearthly beauty and perfection of violet, he learned the whole world.

In 1893, for the first time, the room violet was demonstrated at a flower exhibition of an international scale in Ghent, where the plant caused great interest and was recognized as the best novelty.

Biological Description

SENPOLIA vi-colored, widely known as the violet Uzambarskaya (room), belongs to the genus Senpairia of the Gesnery family. In natural conditions, plants grow along rivers and near the waterfalls in the area of \u200b\u200bUzambar Mountains, which are located on the border of the two East African states of Tanzania and Kenya.

Homemade violet is described as a perennial evergreenhaving:

• surface root system;
• shortened juicy stem;
• the root rosette of the leaves;
• long stuffs;
• covered with versinkami, leathery, wide-oval shape with a slightly pointed top plate plates up to 8 cm;
• numerous small flowers collected in inflorescences-brushes;
• a cup, folded from 5 cups;
• fruit in the form of a box with small seeds.

Homemade violets relate to long-term indoor crops. If you provide a flower suitable lighting and proper care, it will bloom at least 9-10 months a year.

Varietal variety

In the middle of the 20th century, about a hundred varieties of these room plants were derived, and today they are already more than 30 thousand, with domestic - about 2 thousand. And every year, due to the careful work of breeders, the varietality is growing rapidly.

For convenience, the variety is classified into groups, so when describing the varietal violet, the type, color, flower shape, type and color of leaves, and the size of the plants are noted.

Flowers

Flowers with a diameter of 3 to 8 cm - simple, semi-grade or terry, and the petals themselves both in size and different size There may be corrugated, wavy, fringe.

Coloring petals can be like a monophonic snow-white, soft pink, pale blue and saturated-blue, red, burgundy, purple and two and multicolor. Flowers of many varieties have a border of another color or stripes, stains, splashing various shades. On one plant can bloom from several tens to hundreds of flowers.

Leaves

Most plants have a sheet of leaf from light to dark green, although there are other variations such as pure white, with border or motley with different patterns. Inner side The sheet may differ from the external, sometimes radically, for example, to have a purple color.

The edge of the leaf plate is solid or with jar, wavy or corrugated. The surface is smooth or with pronounced in-depth residents, and according to the destruction of the lowland, the smooth, rarely or densely-handed.

By type of sheet plates, "boys" and "girls" are distinguished. The main difference between the "floors" in color: Boy has a uniform green color, and the GIRL is distinguished by the presence of a light spot at the base of the sheet.

The size

On average, the violet with the diameter of the rosette of the leaves varies from 20 to 40 cm, although there are miniature varieties of only 5-6 cm, as well as giants - 40-60 cm. Ampelnaya species having a magnificent foliage, which falls through the edge of the pot.

With age, some varietal violets may appear on the petals, which was not at first flowering.

Chimera violets

Chimera violets are considered the most unusual, fantasy and expensive, the result of the painstaking work of experienced breeders. Experts receive grades by experimental way, multiplying and planting up to 1 thousand copies, and after selecting flowers that are suitable for a description of Himer.

The chimera is easy to learn on the petals with beautiful patterns. The abundance of color just fascinates. Such exclusive plants do not multiply in a vegetative way, since subsequent generations completely lose signs of varieties.

In addition, chimeras are characterized by increased exposure to various diseases and damage to pests. Such varieties require increased attention and careful care. Although to admire such beauty to keep all the rules for their cultivation. Exclusive homemade chimer violets are real treasures for collectors.

Today, breeders work on the aroma of indoor violets, as their wild relatives, unfortunately, do not exude almost no smell.

Features of care

Caring for violets is quite bright, but multiple lighting. The duration of the daytime should be 11-13 hours, so in the winter period the plants are usually shoved with artificial lighting (phytolamba, daylight lamps). Flowers are not transferred direct exposure Sun rays, and also do not like drafts.

The optimal temperature regime is about 20 ° C, the humidity is not lower than 50-60%. Watering is needed regular, but moderate, and it is necessary to ensure that the moisture is not stored. The mooring can lead to root rotting. Water only with an accumulated water temperature or a little warmer.

Feed violets universal fertilizers 1-2 times a month, especially in the period of growth and flowering. Every year the plants transplant, usually in spring.

The blurred buds and damaged leaves are removed if necessary. Flowers also need prophylactic inspections, as sufficiently susceptible to various diseases of fungal etiology (gray rot, black leg, etc.). From pests are most common mealybug and TLL.

At home, the flowers are successfully multiplied with sheet cuttings, part of the sheet plate or child sockets.

Pricing violet is a real decoration of any house, which gives its owner the joy and the sea of \u200b\u200bpositive emotions.

The honorable place among the bedroom plants traditionally occupies a pile ground - care for it, though it brings a lot of trouble to flower, but the award becomes a magnificent blossom. Currently, over 900 species of Senpairia or Uzambar violets, differing in the form and color of flowers, are derived from the form of flowers, in foliage and in many other features. Among such a variety, each flower can be able to choose several varieties of indoor violets to itself.

Diversity of types of Uzambar violets

But how innocence is indoor? Perhaps you had to hear a strange superstition, according to which you can't decorate the apartment with violets - men will not linger in the house, and the personal happiness will not be built. It is not surprising that many young women have a question: "Is it possible to keep at home the violet?".

In fact, in the people there is a opposite opinion - tender sensipolia help to smooth out conflicts in the family, bring love and well-being in the house. And in accordance with Feng Shui, these room flowers are at all are a symbol of family happiness, teach restraint, pacify selfishness (especially contribute to mutual understanding in the violet painting family).

In addition, houseplants The violets also wonderfully moisturize the air, especially if you keep them on. Only it is not worth breeding too much sensipoly in the bedroom, otherwise problems can arise with sleep.

Video about indoor violets

The overall sign of all SENPOLIY - the leaves assembled into the root rosette. Otherwise, the types of indoor violets differ:

• in the form of the structure of flowers (carbon, classic, fantasy, star, chimeras);
• according to the type of petals (simple, terry and semi-marginal);
• over the color of flowers (monophonic white, pink, blue, purple, etc., as well as flowers with inhomogeneous color);
• in the form of leaves (rounded, oval and elongated, with zubrins around the edges and smooth);
• in color leaves (from light green to dark);
• by the size of the plant itself (miniatures, microminiatures, giants).

Less demanding of Care Flowers Classic Type Flowers with Five Palest Flowers

Fantasy homemade violets are considered the most capricious, on the petals of which there are specks, dashes and points of various shades. If they have incorrectly care, the fantasy pattern is simply disappeared from the petals. The complexity of novice flower flowers arise with chimera violers that have contrast strips on flower petals. In the pattern in the chimer is not preserved, therefore reproduction only by side steps or the division of the uterine bush.

Less than demanding to care. Home Flowers classic type flowers with five-point flowers, star-shaped sensipolia with flowers resembling an asterisk, and cached violets, which have a car of various color and widths along the edge of the petals.

What you need to consider buying flowers indoor violets

Many Senpolia varieties are now quite expensive, so to buy a flower should be taken seriously, having understood in advance in the most important moments. Most often, in flower shops sell commercial violets with beautiful bakery blossoms, which, after a bunch, it is easier to throw away - such indoor violets Care requires a special.

For successful cultivation And the breeding of violets is better to take leafy cuttings. First, it is not a fact that the next year in an adult plant bloom will be exactly the same as when purchasing (SENPOLIAM, variability is in general), after the lush flowering of violets at home and can lose decorativeness and relax. Secondly, from one leaf in rooting you can get a few babies and sear them in different pots. Of course, it does not apply to chimers.

Most often, in flower shops sell commercial violets with beautiful bakery blossoms

If you do not imagine how adult indoor violets will look like, the photos of selected varieties should be viewed in advance on the Internet. Just do not forget when buying, ask the seller to specify the variety of each cutting, so that you will not get confused. And ask whether the varieties of varietary color purchases are characterized by you (instead of the motley colors, one-photographic colors are obtained).

At the time of buying young Plant, Make sure that the homemade violet does not have specks on the leaves, signs of rotting the point of growth, the leaves are not extended (which happens from the lack of light), the socket is symmetrical. On the surface of the soil should not be plated. It is not recommended to buy SENPOLIA in too cold or hot season - appearance Plants you immediately do not determine that the roots of it are frozen or rented from the heat. Best in the spring of homemade films feel better: care is not complicated by the elimination of problems with the root system.

Sheet cuttings should be transported home in plastic containers or boxes to not break the lacaroca. As a last resort, tie a cutting into a plastic bag. If the leaves of a young plant left during transportation, immediately remove them from the outlet.

Basic rules, how to care for homemade violets

Finally, your houses appeared at home: how to care for these gentle plants to not harm? First, it is advisable for a couple of weeks to place the acquired flower on quarantine into a room where there are no other plants. If you notice the slightest signs, spray the plant systemic fungicide "Maxim" and in 20 minutes, flow the leaflets with a napkin.

When removing the lower leaves in the pot, the soil shifts, and when the trunk of Satpolia is too bare, a transplant is carried out

Immediately do the transplant is not worth - room flower The violet can calmly grow in a small capacity, while the size of the socket does not exceed the pot diameter more than three times.

Violet home care requires the following:

• regular watering when drying the surface of the soil;
• weekly feeding with mineral fertilizers;
• lack of drafts;
• additional backlight with a lack of light;
• removing faded flowers;
• cleansing the leaves from dust with a brush or wet sponge.

Video about the change of violets

To form a symmetrical outlet, young plants need to be rotated 45 degrees every three days. If your adult violet is growing, home care will include mandatory removal of old leaves. When the lower leaves are removed in the pot, the soil is shuffled, and when the trunk of SENPOLIA is too naked, a transplant with a blowout of a socket to the lower leaves is carried out. On average, the transplant is carried out once a year, because during this time the soil in the pot is depleted, and the plant in the pot becomes closely.

The main thing is that I should remember, buying the laid flowers of violets, - care for them must be regular, otherwise the plants simply refuse to bloom. Well, those flowers who know how to care for homemade violet, And do not forget about these gentle colors, will definitely admire the bright and lush flowering of Senpolya on their windowsills.