Even if you do not have a permanent or even temporary house at your summer cottage, nevertheless, there is a need to build a restroom. "Call of nature" can make itself felt even if you left the countryside for just a couple of hours in order to water the plants and cultivate the land. The most optimal in this case will be to create a toilet with your own hands. Instructions on how to build country toilet, quite simple, and the consumption of materials is quite small.

Features of a modern country toilet

The country toilet is fundamentally different from similar buildings 20 or even 10 years ago. And this is not just a trend of fashion:

1. The environmental situation is getting worse every time, and accordingly, sanitary requirements are becoming more stringent. And traditional solutions don't always match them.
2. Technologies do not stand still, and the technology for processing and neutralizing waste as well. Achievements in this area have long been available in everyday life.
3. Most people place more and more demands on the quality of life, and this includes not only comfort and ergonomics, but also external aesthetics and design.

According to these points, we will figure out how you can build a street toilet with your own hands.

Before you make a toilet in the country with your own hands, which will meet such requirements as comfort, cleanliness, hygiene, and besides that, please the eye with its appearance, you have to deal with the following tasks:

1. It will be determined with the type of drainage, drainage and waste disposal system based on local conditions.
2. Choose a place where a toilet will be located on the site.
3. Choose how the ground structure will look like.
4. Choose the decoration, what relevant details are available in this case.
5. Summarize future construction costs.

It is worth noting that all of the above points are interconnected, and it is necessary to deal with them at the same time.

Of course, a do-it-yourself outdoor toilet in the country cannot compare with a normal bathroom, providing only minimal comfort. But without it, summer holidays can be ruined, it will also be problematic to work normally on the site.

There is whole line sanitary and hygienic requirements that must be observed during this construction. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to study them before starting the device of a country toilet.

Sanitary and hygienic standards for the construction of a toilet in the country

Construction outdoor toilet- quite a simple task, especially after a detailed study of the instructions on how to build a toilet in the country, you do not even need to seek help from specialists. However, during such a construction, it is still worth remembering some of the features.

Basic requirements for the construction of an outdoor toilet:

1. Above all, you need to make sure that the construction of the toilet does not cause inconvenience to the neighbors.
2. The place for the installation of the structure must be selected very carefully. This stage of the construction of the structure must be carried out following all sanitary standards regarding the location of the bathroom. Violation of these rules can lead to serious pollution of the surrounding area (soil, groundwater), which can cause serious health problems, and you can also earn a serious fine from the sanitary service.
3. During the period of drawing up the scheme, you need to think about the way in which the sump will be emptied.
4. There are some factors that limit the choice of design. The main of which is the water horizon suburban area... In the event that the level of occurrence groundwater rather high, the cesspool must be thoroughly sealed completely.

Following these simple rules will help you get rid of further problems during operation.

Now you can proceed directly to the study different types country toilets and features of their construction.

Home toilets with a cesspool

Garden toilets for summer cottages, whose design is based on the use of a cesspool, are perhaps the most popular and most common. This type of restroom is found not only in suburban areas, but also in the courtyard in the village.

During the construction of this structure, usually, there are no difficulties, since sewerage system in this case, it replaces a deep pit for a toilet in the country. Liquid waste should accumulate here, which is disposed of by gradual absorption into the soil and evaporation. But from time to time it will be necessary to use the services of a sewage machine, which will help to completely clean and empty the cesspool.

The quality of the construction, the depth and width of the pit depends on how often you will have to use the services of sewers. This procedure can be quite rare. Most often, this problem is solved by filling the hole. After that, the waste collection tank is re-dug out.

An overhead toilet house for a summer residence can be made from a wide variety of materials:

• metal profile;
• boards;
• logs;
• slate sheets;
• bricks, etc.

An important component of a high-quality design is a strong frame and high-quality ventilation.

How to build a wooden toilet yourself according to the drawings?

Most owners summer cottages prefer to make wood structures. This is all due to the fact that the manufacture of a wooden frame is quite simple and a wooden bathroom in the country does not require special skills and knowledge, while the cost of materials is quite low, unless, of course, you dare to build a toilet from a log.

A wooden toilet can be made by styling it like a fairy-tale house or hut, because of which this design will not only have a functional value, but will become a very beautiful addition to the site. For finishing the frame, you can use lining instead of boards. This solution will give the ground part of the toilet a stylish and aesthetic appearance.

Notice! The main advantage wooden structure is its mobility. If the pit is filled up in order to dig it out in another place, in this case you do not need to re-erect the above-ground part from scratch, you can simply move the frame to the place that you have prepared for the new toilet.

In the case of choosing this material, you must remember about the shortcomings that wood has. It can be exposed to a number of negative influences that shorten the life of a wooden structure. If you decide to make a country toilet out of wood, then consider the list of negative factors:

• exposure to direct sunlight (due to their effect, the tree dries up, deforms and cracks);
• prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the surface of the wood leads to its burnout;
• humidity, this factor constantly accompanies the operation of any toilet, because of it, deformation in the frame may occur;
• fungi and mold, this factor that develops under the influence of the previous (moisture) in the wood, due to which dampness, unpleasant odors appear in the wood and the decay process begins.

Special protective impregnations will help prevent premature wear of the summer toilet in the garden from the influence of various negative factors during operation. In order to increase the service life of boards or other materials based on wood, it is recommended to paint them special composition which is designed for outdoor conditions.

The wood must be primed before painting. For connoisseurs of the natural type of wood, it is recommended to use colorless varnish as a protective material. It will help preserve the natural pattern of the tree and protect the constructed frame from moisture.

Do-it-yourself washroom with a metal profile booth

A toilet from a metal profile has several construction methods. The first method is the one based on the drawing of which is the principle of constructing a wooden frame. Another option involves the use of metal shaped pipes in order to create a base, the pipes of the arranged frame are connected to each other by welding. For this, it is necessary to have a welding machine and skills to work with it.

Then the metal or wooden frame is sheathed with profile sheets. Self-tapping screws or rivets can be used as fasteners. It is also recommended to buy special protective washers for self-tapping screws, they will help prevent moisture from entering the fasteners, thereby saving them from rust damage.

Despite the simplicity of the construction of this building, it has one significant drawback: in the summer, the structure heats up very much. Because of this factor, it is best to arrange a toilet of a similar design in the shade.

Advice! Experienced summer residents inner lining made from expanded polystyrene sheets. They will help keep the structure cool.

Profile metal sheets are coated with a special protective layer at the factory. Because of this, this material is reliably protected from moisture. Therefore, profile sheets can be safely used outdoors. The biggest advantage of a profile toilet is, perhaps, the speed of its installation, thanks to which it has become so popular among users.

Drawings of a brick toilet booth

The construction of a brick structure for a toilet is due to some difficulties. Firstly, it is worth saying goodbye to the possibility of transferring the structure to another place if necessary. Therefore, first of all, it is worth carefully studying the various projects of a summer cottage created with your own hands, drawings, as well as the features of the site itself.

In essence, a brick closet is capital building, the repair of which can be forgotten for a decade. The cost of its construction is much more than for a similar structure made of profiled sheet or wood. But if there are remnants of bricks after building a house or garage, you can save a lot.

It's worth noticing! In the case of erecting a restroom on a personal plot of the same brick as the house and the garage, it will create a single harmonious picture of the exterior, which will look quite impressive and beautiful.

Considering that the weight of the finished brick toilet with your own hands according to the drawings with the dimensions of the structure is large enough, under it, as mentioned above, it is necessary to put a solid and massive foundation.

• minimum of earthworks;
• minimum consumption of cement for the production of concrete for pouring;
• high level of security;
• reliability (suitable for almost any type of soil).

For structures made of lighter materials (for example, slate), you can use a columnar foundation.

Features of outdoor toilets without a cesspool

The simplest and most budgetary option for solving problems with a toilet at a summer cottage is the arrangement of a sewer pit. But even with this option, there are some limitations when creating such structures. The construction of toilets with a cesspool is limited by the following rules:

• the basis of the soil on the personal plot is shale or limestone soil;
• the groundwater horizon is located fairly close to the surface;
• the latrine is expected to be operated by a large number of people.

These factors prohibit the construction of a toilet on the basis of a cesspool at a summer cottage. To solve this problem, you can equip toilets of a completely different type, which are based on a completely different principle of operation.

Types of latrines without using a waste pit:

• backlash closet;
• powder closet;
• dry closet or chemical toilet.

Each design has its own nuances: device, construction methods, requirements that are presented during operation.

Detailed information can be found in the article: "- the dream of many summer residents."

How to choose a place to build a closet?

Before you start designing a drawing and drawing up a rough plan of the structure itself, you need to take care of the correct location.

The following conditions can seriously affect the installation of the structure:

1. The distance between the toilet and the water source must be at least 30 meters. Ideally, the water should be as far away from this place as possible. In some cases, the geolocation of the water source can be located below the level of the toilet construction. In this case, the structure must be moved to another place, and the way out of this situation may be to move the toilet below the water source.
2. At the summer cottage, there may also be cellars or basements... If placed, these structures can be located on the same level as the toilet. In this case, the restroom must be at least 15 meters away from these structures.
3. Living quarters and other buildings should be at least 8 meters away.
4. Animal habitats must be located at least 5 meters away.
5. It is recommended to plant green spaces at a distance of 1 meter.
6. The distance to the toilet should be at least 1 meter before the fence that separates your site from the neighboring one.

Wind direction also plays a significant role. Care should be taken to ensure that the unpleasant smell from the toilet does not annoy your neighbors. If the site is located on a slope, the lowest point is the optimal location of the toilet.

Sewage pit construction

After the site has been selected and prepared, you can start digging a cesspool. She usually has square shape and its depth must be at least 2 meters.

There are two types of cesspools:

1. Sealed. The bottom of such a pit is concreted, reinforced before pouring, and in order to avoid the possibility that the reinforcement can sink in concrete, it is first placed on pegs. The walls must also be sealed, putty, and the seams must be covered with bitumen.
2. Absorbing. This type of hole must be dug to the sand, this will contribute to the faster withdrawal of the liquid fraction of sewage into the ground. The bottom is covered with a layer of pebbles or large rubble.

There are several ways to strengthen the walls of the cesspool:

• brickwork;
• concrete structure;
• ready-made reinforced concrete rings;
• plastic tank.

On top of the pit, it is covered with beams, slate or concreted, only the area allocated for the toilet seat should remain open, then they proceed to the construction of the aboveground structure.

Advice! In order to be able to operate the cesspool for longer, it is not recommended to throw toilet paper and other hygienic or household accessories into it; for this, a specially designated bucket must be in the toilet.

General instructions for the construction of a toilet booth

The optimal size of a country toilet can be considered 1 × 1.5 meters with a building height of 2.2-2.5 meters. Otherwise, during its use, you can experience some inconvenience, especially for people with a large physique. It is not at all necessary to start designing a drawing of the restroom yourself, if there are no special requirements or ideas, it is recommended to use the ready-made ones.

First of all, the convenience of the scheme lies in the fact that it can be used to accurately calculate in advance required amount building materials and the preliminary cost of the courtyard bathroom.

Consider how to build a country toilet with your own hands step by step:

• The base of the frame. It is better to push the above-ground structure slightly above the cesspool, about 2/3 forward. In this way, it can be accessed from the rear for cleaning. The stability of the structure will help ensure a shallow foundation. For waterproofing, 1-2 layers of roofing material are placed between it and the frame. But when erecting a wooden structure, this is not necessary. The base can simply be marked on concrete blocks.

It is also possible to install four support pillars. To do this, it is necessary to dig four holes in the corners of the future structure, the depth of which should be about 60 cm, if the soil is soft, you can deepen up to 1 meter, after which it is necessary to install asbestos pipes in them. Next, the pit is filled by a third with cement mortar. After that, a support beam is installed in the pipe and the pit is completely poured with concrete.

• Assembling the timber frame. For the construction of this structure, beams with a size of 50 × 50 or 80 × 80 mm are perfect, there is no point in taking large beams.

1. First, a rectangular support with a lintel is assembled, on which the front wall of the toilet seat will be installed, the lintel is screwed to the support posts or to the foundation. A board is laid on top. The thickness of the floorboard should not be less than 3 cm.
2. A frame of future walls is assembled from a bar. At the same time, the height of the front wall should be approximately 10 cm higher than the rear wall, in order to provide the desired slope for the roof.
3. To strengthen the structure, it is necessary to make diagonal braces on the side and rear walls.
4. The front wall must necessarily have a reinforcement for the door of the required size, and you also need to make a hole for the window.
5. The frames are fixed on the base with metal corners, a strapping is made on top at the level of the toilet seat.

The next point is the assembly of the frame for the toilet seat and its lining, but this is done in the case when other options are not provided, for example, a floor-standing toilet.

• Frame sheathing. The frame is sheathed with wooden planks. In order to save material, vertical sheathing is recommended, but the horizontal one is prettier and looks more attractive. The boards fit tightly to each other and are attached to the base. Instead of wood, you can also use sheets of corrugated board, slate or some other material that is most affordable.
• Roof. The boundaries of the roof should not exceed the boundaries of the walls by more than 30 cm. Installation begins after the parallel boards are fixed at a short distance. Next, you need to sew up the visor from below, attaching the boards for this outside along the perimeter. After that, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing on a previously prepared base, as a rule, roofing material is used for waterproofing. After that, the structure can be covered with any roofing material (metal profile, slate, bitumen shingles).
• Exhaust ventilation... As a hood in a country toilet, you can imagine a pipe, the task of which is to remove odors from a cesspool. Its lower edge is led into a pit, and the upper one is raised above the roof by at least 20 cm. To solve a similar problem, you can use a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. It is attracted to the back wall from the inside or outside and is fixed with metal clamps. To increase traction, a deflector nozzle is mounted on the head.
• Installation of a toilet door. Doors can be installed both ordinary wooden and plastic, or they can be constructed from the same material as the entire above-ground structure. Then the door is hung on 2 hinges. The door locking method can be chosen to your taste, usually for these purposes a latch, hook or latch is used, which are installed both from the inside and from the outside. It is better to refuse from more complex methods of locking, for example, latches with latches, since, due to the constant influence of moisture, it will rust quite quickly and can jam at the most inopportune moment.
• Lighting. For greater comfort, it is recommended that you take care of the interior lighting in advance. For these purposes, you can use a wall-mounted flashlight powered by a rechargeable battery. Other summer residents carry out full lighting by stretching out a cable and installing a light bulb with a switch. During the day, a small window can easily cope with this task. It is usually cut at the top of doors or above them, but in fact there are enough options here ranging from curly windows on the walls and ending with a transparent roof.

Summer residents for whom the usual design of a house is not enough can use drawings for more interesting designs, you can make them yourself, or buy already finished house for a toilet that are going like the children's designer, and in order to facilitate this task, they are completed with assembly instructions and accompanying drawings.

(Certej_budka_dver)

Equipping a toilet in the country with your own hands is not the most difficult task. For each structure, it is necessary to select the appropriate materials, taking into account their durability. This article provides step-by-step instructions for the competent construction of a country toilet.

Peculiarities

First you need to choose which type of toilet will belong to. Depending on the internal structure, a country toilet can be with or without a cesspool. The groundwater level plays a decisive role in the selection. If its mark reaches 3.5 m, then it is necessary to stop at the option without a cesspool. Otherwise, waste products will fill the space around the house.

The pit construction is inappropriate on the ground with natural cracks. If the village house is located on a site with a predominance of shale rocks, then the cesspool should also be abandoned. The lower the groundwater level, the wider the choice of a successful option for arranging a toilet for a summer residence. Any type of structure can be placed on soil with increased crack resistance.

In depth, the cesspool should reach the level high waters and be one meter lower. When calculating, it is necessary to take into account the elevation of water rise during the period of active ice melting. Masters advise taking the spring groundwater level as a basis. The depth of the well is directly proportional to the frequency of toilet use and the number of occupants. So, for a family of three permanently living in a house, a cesspool is arranged with a volume of 1.5 cubic meters. m.

The well can be of any shape, but it is better to give preference to a square or round design. It will be much easier to dig such a hole. The walls are faced with rubble, brick or wood. Log masonry must be treated with resin to protect the material from decay. The bottom is sometimes lined with concrete rings. In this case, it is important to process the joint between the wall and the floor.

To increase the tightness of the masonry, before laying the final coating, the walls are treated with tamped clay. The thickness of such an insulator can vary from 20 to 30 cm.After laying the cladding, the craftsmen recommend impregnating the masonry bituminous mastic... Resins will protect the coating from soil moisture and prevent premature soil shedding.

A country toilet with a cesspool cannot be arranged without ventilation. A pipe with a diameter of 100 mm or more is buried at one end into a well. The second end is built into the roof and rises 50-70 cm above its surface. A ventilation window can be provided in the house itself. It is customary to place it on a side wall or mount it above the door.

A cesspool should be located within easy reach of the road. After the tank is more than two-thirds full, its contents are pumped out and taken out on a special machine. Access to the toilet should be unimpeded.

A cesspool can be organized in two ways. The first is the usual one, the installation of a structure under the house. The second is a backlash closet. A well of the second type is dug out at some distance from the building. This option is considered the best for arranging a private country house: it is much easier to take out sewage.

The backlash closet is equipped with a complete ventilation and flush system. Communications are lowered below the level of freezing of soils, and the cesspool is deepened even more. The slope of the sewage pipe should reach 2-3 centimeters per meter of length. This option requires a serious investment of money and is not suitable for everyone. Craftsmen advise to arrange a backlash closet only if the country house is a full-fledged housing.

The option without a cesspool is considered the simplest and cheapest. An airtight container is arranged under the toilet seat. The main advantage of such toilets is the lack of land and construction works... In this case, there is no need to hire a sewer truck for waste removal. There is no need to locate the toilet in the immediate vicinity of the road. Sewage can be used as fertilizer.

Among the disadvantages of such toilets are the need for frequent changes in working capacity and the purchase of materials to eliminate odor. Cleansers are used after each use of the toilet. It is important to know that quality factory toilets are not cheap. Saving on installation leads to an increase in the purchase cost of the device.

Views

Among all types of toilet organization, the easiest way is the option with a cesspool. It can be located both in a private house and away from the main building in a small house. A flush toilet should not be installed near water bodies or near neighboring houses. The source for collecting water into the sewer system of the house should not be adjacent to the waste collection pit.

The cesspool is usually cleaned after two-thirds of it is filled with a cesspool machine. If it is not possible to hire such a technique, then the well can be covered with gravel, and the pit can be moved. The villagers make a pit in a new place every two to three years. Four years is enough for the complete restoration of the soil.

Masters advise to line the depression in the ground with drainage. Installing a gravel pad is optional, but placing it will help increase the time between pit cleanings. The stone mixture is often replaced with a concrete screed, and the walls are laid out with bricks. It is important to properly handle all the joints between the elements. The duration of the operation of the pit depends on the quality of the selected antiseptic.

When constructing a cesspool, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the geology of the site. Knowing the level of rise of groundwater is the key point for choosing a given toilet design. It is important to maintain a sufficient distance to the reservoir: soil water should not interact with waste. Failure to comply with this rule may cause contamination of forage crops. The ingress of bacteria into drinking water is fraught with poisoning of residents.

The backlash closet in its characteristics practically does not differ from the traditional cesspool. The key point is the location of the hatch - it should be in the yard. Such a device is perfect for organizing a toilet in a wooden house. A backlash closet is also not the most environmentally friendly option for a toilet.

The next device is a septic tank. Masters distinguish two types: accumulative and with cleaning. The first option resembles a cesspool in terms of the method of waste collection, but differs in tightness and environmental safety. Devices with cleaning can be defended and reset. Cleaning up to 90% is carried out under the influence of chemical compounds.

A septic tank can collect dirt from more than just the toilet. The system is also supplied with pipes for collecting industrial water and sewage waste. Communications from the bathhouse and at home can be connected in a septic tank. The device also works great in isolation from the central communications system.

The main advantage of a septic tank is its tightness. The design excludes interaction with the soil. This option is suitable for those who care about the purity of the water on the territory of the house. The device is easy to clean, so there is no need to carry the tank. The septic tank almost completely eliminates the smell of waste.

Among the disadvantages of this design is the high cost. Accumulative septic tanks need to be emptied, electrical counterparts require a connection to the building's electrical system. You should not install a septic tank if you are not sure of its competent connection to the central communications of the house.

Powder closet has a low cost. It is even more profitable to arrange it than to lay a cesspool. A small house is installed at the summer cottage, a toilet seat is arranged in it. A removable tank is located under the ceramic product. After filling this reservoir, it must be taken out and cleaned. The powder closet is easy to use and is suitable for arranging a toilet both at a distance from home and in the building itself.

The disadvantage of this system is that there is no way to eliminate the unpleasant odor. The device is not very large and therefore needs to be emptied frequently. It is important to equip a special pit for draining waste on the site. The criteria for the pit correspond to the requirements for the construction of a cesspool.

Liquid chemical dry closet works according to the following principle: with the help of certain compounds, the waste in the tank is processed into a homogeneous mixture. The resulting substance does not have a specific odor. On the modern market, you can buy liquid toilets based on ammonium and formaldehyde.

Ammonia products are harmless. The mass obtained during processing with their help is odorless and can become a source of water contamination. The substance can be drained into a compost well. The ammonium formulation can also be poured into a sump. The fluid will help reduce the filling rate of the reservoir and eliminate pungent odors. The ammonium concentrate can be used for a long period of time, but it must be added every 4-7 days.

Formaldehyde composition is highly effective. One liter of such a product will be enough to maintain a twenty-liter portable toilet for 3-4 months. Formaldehyde can harm soil and plants. This compound is banned in some countries, so experts do not recommend its use in portable toilets. It is strictly forbidden to pour formaldehyde waste into the soil and water body.

The Finnish peat toilet is the most common type of dry closet. Utilization of sewage is carried out by adding dry matter: peat or sawdust. The free-flowing substance must have good hygroscopicity. Peat is harmless and able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

The dry substance is poured into a special reservoir in layers. After each use of the toilet, the next portion is poured into the pit. The mixture of peat and waste forms compost, which can be used as organic fertilizer. The portable reservoir is easy to carry. The cost price of such a device is relatively low, which allowed the Finnish toilet to take a leading position among analogues.

Flaw peat toilet- the need for frequent emptying of the reservoir during daily use. Also, dry matter is unable to recycle plain paper. In order for the waste to turn into a single mass suitable for fertilizing the soil, it is necessary to use special biodegradable paper.

The biological liquid toilet works in a similar way to the Finnish device. The decomposition of waste occurs under the action of microorganisms, which are released in the form of a mixture or tablets. The bacteria can also be used to clean the cesspool. The recycled mass is absolutely harmless, therefore, it does not need a special organization of a place for collecting waste.

Microorganisms are expensive, but they ensure the complete preservation of the ecology of the site. They can be used as fertilizer, for cleaning pipelines and drains. Due to their properties, microorganisms are able to eliminate unpleasant odors.

An electric dry closet works according to a complex scheme. First, there is a separation of the liquid phase from the solid. The second is cleaned and drained, and the first is processed into powder. The resulting dry raw material can be used as fertilizer. Such a system, like a warm floor, must be connected to a central heating system... It is also necessary to connect the system with ventilation and drain.

The strong point of this system is the lack of the need for frequent emptying of the tank. All accessories are already included in the kit, so you don't need to worry about purchasing additional materials... Biological toilets fillers are not required in this system. The main disadvantage of an electric toilet is its dependence on a central power source and its high cost.

Materials (edit)

The ground parts of the toilet, separate from the building, are arranged in the form of a tent house. In order to erect such a structure, it is necessary to purchase boards, sheets of a metal profile for mounting the roof and exterior decoration of the house. Slate sheets will help strengthen the roof and protect the structure from rain. It is better to lay the base of the house out of bricks or concrete slabs.

Many builders prefer to use wood materials. Planks are easy to saw, and the creation of a plank structure does not require special building skills. It is important to understand that without preliminary treatment with hygroscopic material, the wood will quickly deteriorate, and the frame will not withstand the load. Wood is also fire hazardous, so do not place this material next to combustible structures.

To create a cesspool, you need to decide whether the well requires lining. The most popular option for such a system is to create a reservoir from concrete rings. This design can last for about 100 years. The concrete composition is quite cheap, but requires the use of special equipment. The cast rings are lowered into the pit one by one, the joints are coated with cement.

The base must be poured with concrete, or made round structure in advance and immersed in the dug well. The bottom is pre-filled with a small layer of sand or fine gravel. These materials play the role of drainage - they divert groundwater from the surface of the well. Concrete rings can be cast with special recesses - grooves. With the help of such "locks" the rings are connected. If grooves are not provided, then the structure is fastened with metal rings.

works on the principle of a cesspool. However, it is much easier to install a plastic reservoir. Polymers are impervious to liquids and temperature extremes. In this case, the dimensions of the pit should exceed the dimensions of the plastic container. Before laying the tank, the bottom must be concreted. In a cement screed, welded metal carcass with protruding hinges.

The plastic vessel is attached to the protruding ropes of the reinforcement. A similar design is necessary to keep the tank in the pit. Groundwater can lift light containers and push them to the surface. The gaps between the plastic must be covered with a layer of sand and cement. Before filling, the container is filled with water to protect it from deformation due to the expansion of the cement with sand.

Arrangement

The main element of the toilet in the country is the toilet. The most common version of this plumbing fixture is plastic. Seat with cover and frame of this device made from polymer. A tank is not provided for such systems, since there is no connection to the sewage system. The toilet seat does not need to be purchased separately - the construction is monolithic.

Plastic systems are available in all colors and shapes. This design has an attractive appearance and a fairly simple design. Polymers are characterized by increased strength and resistance to temperature extremes. Such a toilet is lightweight, therefore it does not exert increased pressure on the foundation of the structure. A pleasant advantage is the ease of cleaning and operation.

The ceramic toilet is easy to clean. However, in a suburban area, this model can cause certain difficulties. Installation of ceramics requires additional reinforcement of the floor of the room. Products for summer cottages do not have a cistern, but the structure still has a large mass. The advantage of this system is its durability.

A wooden appliance is short-lived. Such structures are installed exclusively outside the home: wooden box you can arrange it yourself. In such a device, ventilation is not provided; in the toilet itself, it is placed above the cesspool. It is possible to equip such a toilet with a minimum of investment, but the appearance of such a product will be simple.

Dry closets are most often made from polymers. The system consists of several blocks that need to be assembled. This process does not take long. The toilet is comfortable, it is a monolithic structure together with a toilet seat. The design is quite simple and does not differ in special delights, such as a thermal seat. The toilet is convenient not only to use, but also to clean.

The purchase of the arrangement must be carried out taking into account some requirements.

• If the country house is not a permanent place of residence of the family, then it is rational to purchase a toilet bowl with a low cost price. The design must be easy to use and resistant to time. Plastic toilets are perfect.
• Installing a flush device and connecting the toilet to the central sewer is costly and time-consuming. This option is only necessary in case of constant use of the bathroom.
• Installation should not take much time and effort. It is better to make a choice in favor of ready-made structures, the repair of which does not require capital works for the refurbishment of the premises.

• The connection of the waste disposal pipe to the toilet bowl must be airtight. Craftsmen advise using a cone-shaped tube. It is important to avoid waste getting past the receiving tank. It is necessary to make sure that all elements of the system are clearly interfaced.
• Ventilation helps to eliminate unpleasant odors from the room. The device of this system should not be neglected. Plastic products can be used as an air duct. Due to their structure, they are lightweight and easy to install. PVC sewer pads with a diameter of about 110 mm will be a good analogue.

Accommodation options

You can place a bathroom anywhere in the building, but only if it does not contradict sanitary and hygienic standards. One of the walls of the restroom must be load-bearing. It is forbidden to install a bathroom in a room without outer wall... Ventilation in such rooms is easier to install and more cost effective.

The toilet should not border on the areas for eating and preparing food. Often not all types of toilets are capable of absorbing all unpleasant odors. Chemical waste during decomposition can release substances that should not interact with food. The most advantageous location of the bathroom in a country house is not far from the dressing room or under the stairs.

When installing a bathroom under the stairs, it is important to determine if there is enough space to accommodate all the necessary appliances. Ventilation must be carried out through the stairs. In some cases, sewer and water pipes are connected to the toilet. The floors are pre-treated with agents to protect against bacteria and excess moisture.

Craftsmen advise to completely cover the entire space under the stairs with boards - to create a special room. This will not only visually isolate the bathroom, but will also protect the apartment from the spread of odors. It is advisable to additionally strengthen the floor under the structure with damping devices: over time, the floor may begin to collapse. To ensure good air circulation, a small gap is left at the joints of the floorboards with the wall.

Craftsmen do not recommend installing a toilet on the second floor. The bathroom should not be adjacent to sources of drinking water. Such a device will not allow the structure to be connected to a cesspool. When installing a dry closet, a sufficient distance from the edge of the seat to the floor is required. It will be problematic to get the required height on the second floor - you cannot make a depression in the floor.

When building a toilet in a summer cottage outside the house, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the wind rose. Unpleasant odors should not reach the residential building, therefore, it is necessary to draw up a map of the area before developing a well for waste disposal. This also applies to the arrangement of a cesspool for servicing dry closets located in the house. The placement of neighboring houses should also influence the drawing up of the plan.

Dimensions (edit)

The size of the cesspool may vary depending on the frequency of use of the toilet and the number of residents. The average size of a pit for servicing a family of two is 1.5 by 1.2 m. The deepening is increased by thirty percent with each new resident being added. The larger the pit, the less often you will have to hire a technician to empty it. But it is also important to consider the negative impact that waste can have on the environment.

If the cesspool combines the sewerage from the house, then it is necessary to increase its size. Ideally, you can calculate the water consumption for each family member and design a well based on the data obtained. On average, a hole is dug 12 cubic meters. m and increase to 18 cubic meters. m. This stock allows you to use the bathroom without interruption for a month.

The tightness of the well ensures concrete screed with a thickness of about 15 cm. The soil on the site may have good absorbent properties. In this case, the reservoir is covered with a drainage layer. The thickness of such a pillow should not be less than 15 cm, as is the case with the screed. Top of the gravel is poured with bituminous mastic.

To build a toilet with a separate tent, you must familiarize yourself with the accepted dimensions. Drawings can be made by yourself or you can download ready-made ones. The normalized width of the house is 1 m. The depth of the room should reach 1.5 m, and the ceiling height - 2-2.5 m. The allowance for the cover of a standard "birdhouse" is taken equal to 30 cm relative to the walls. This technique will help moisture from the roof not to penetrate the walls and not destroy them.

The ventilation pipe is bolted to the back wall of the toilet. The thickness of the plastic is assumed to be 100 mm. The lower part of the pipe plunges into the pit to a depth of 10 cm, and the top should rise 20 cm above the roof level. These parameters can be slightly changed, but you should not neglect the structure completely.

The dimensions of the toilet under the stairs also play important role... The minimum size of the bathroom is 0.8x1.2 m.If a sink is provided in the room, then the width is doubled, and the length is taken to be 2.2 m.If the toilet is combined with a bathroom, then the dimensions of the room cannot be less than 2.2x2.2 m. The ceiling height should not be lower than 2.5 m. It is important to maintain a distance in front of the toilet, equal to 0.6 m.

Masters recommend that you provide an approach to the toilet from all sides. But this advice is often not followed. The door from the bathroom should go out into the corridor. It is forbidden to connect the toilet with the living room or with the kitchen area. In accordance with fire safety regulations, doors must open outward. This is a mandatory item to ensure correct evacuation.

How to do it?

You can do it yourself to build a toilet house. The project is quite simple - you can find the necessary design solution on the Internet.

Consider the stages of building an outdoor toilet step by step.

• The type of foundation is chosen based on the characteristics of the soil. The most common type of base for a house is columnar. A monolithic structure made of concrete blocks is also suitable. Before laying the floor, it is necessary to cover the piles with a layer of roofing material.
• The floor of the house is made of wooden planks... Before using wood, it is necessary to treat the material with antiseptic agents. The width of the floor panels is chosen about 15x15 or 10x10 cm.

• The structure of the house itself is first made in the form of a frame. Preliminary assembled structure must be fastened to the base with bolts and fixed with metal plates. Next, the box is sheathed with wooden sheets, forming the walls of the house.
• A toilet is mounted to the far wall and all the necessary communications are laid out. The cesspool is dug in advance, the pipe from it is connected to the device. It is important not to forget about the ventilation device. Private toilets are not combined with sewerage, this reduces construction work.
• The role of the roof is played by slate and roofing material. It is permissible to use a profiled sheet.
• Lighting devices are installed if necessary.

Toilets inside summer cottages are often connected to the sewerage system. Such a system can be gravity: pipes are laid at a slope, water is drained into a cesspool. The slope of the pipe is two cm for each meter of communication. Another option is pressure sewerage. In this case, the movement of water is carried out under pressure from a special pump. This method is applicable for houses where the device of a gravity structure is impossible for some reason.

When choosing a material for pipes, it is advisable to give preference to polypropylene. This material is highly durable and able to withstand high temperatures. The pipe does not deform when heated to 95 degrees. Installation of such a structure is quite simple. It is important to ensure that the pipes are sealed.

Sewer sections are fixed with fittings, the joints are treated with a sealant. Pipes are attached to the wall using clips. For this purpose, you can use clamps with hairpins. To make a sealed connection cast iron pipe a rubber gasket must be laid with the plastic one.

The pipes are taken out and immersed in a trench. Sewerage can not be placed above the level of soil freezing. At the junction of the internal and external sewerage systems, an inspection hatch must be installed. Place in the pipe cavity check valve... Such measures are necessary to prevent backflow of waste water in case of filling the pit with waste.

After laying the sewerage, the masters install the toilet. At this stage, work on the toilet is completed. Ensure that the surface is smooth before mounting the device. To install the toilet, you must first mark the floor and the size of the hole. A rubber sleeve must be inserted between the bowl and the floor. The device is fixed with bolts, and the joints are treated with silicone.

Before installing all elements, it is necessary to install waterproofing on the floor. In cases where restrooms are located on each of the floors, it is necessary to mount the devices one under the other. The distance from the toilet bowl to the riser should be minimal. Failure to do so may result in pipe clogging.

In order to equip a bathroom with maximum benefit for visitors, shelves are placed on the walls. If the dimensions of the restroom allow, then a headset can be placed in the room. You can equip a utility block for storing mops and buckets. For these purposes, there is no need to allocate an additional room - it is enough to install a small closet in the corner of the toilet.

Drawings and diagrams

For the rational placement of the toilet on the territory of the dacha, it is necessary to draw up a drawing of the future structure. This method will save materials. Schemes of the future structure can be found on the Internet or drawn up with your own hands. When drawing, it is necessary to do this on a scale, otherwise the final design may differ greatly from the idea.

The development of the scheme begins with measuring the area of ​​the site and drawing on the plan of all existing communications. Be sure to put adjacent buildings and reservoirs on the diagram. It is important to plan your piping in accordance with the regulations for the placement of a waste pit. Experts advise to pre-compose a wind rose.

A drawing of a wooden outdoor toilet will help to calculate the cost of all the necessary materials. Drawing up a drawing of a house begins with modeling the frame. The dimensions of all elements are indicated and the total number of materials is recorded. Do not forget about the pattern for cutting the cladding. The parameters of the front, back and side surfaces of the future structure are indicated.

The front of the tent should be larger than the back wall. This is a prerequisite for ensuring the desired slope of the building. The front and back walls of a typical structure are rectangular, the side faces are trapezoidal. The plan indicates the dimensions of the roofing sheet for the construction of the roof. If a wooden sheet will be located under the slate, its linear dimensions must be fixed.

Instructions for drawing up a drawing for a toilet in country house practically does not differ from a similar scheme for arranging a bathroom in an apartment. All dimensions and required dimensions are taken from the relevant regulatory documents. It is necessary to mark the place where the toilet bowl is supplied to the cesspool pipe. Installation of a dry closet does not require such actions. The device is pre-assembled and installed against the far wall of the room.

The selected area must be well ventilated. Doors should face the corridor. When drawing up a drawing of a room, it is important to correctly position all the necessary devices: toilet, sink or bathroom. All instruments must be approached unhindered. It is important to correctly position the ventilation and remove the sewage system from the room.

The layout of the bathroom is carried out not in order to assess the amount of necessary materials, but for the competent distribution of space. Only after the location of the main devices has been indicated, the arrangement of cabinets and racks begins. Do not clutter up the space too much.

It is important to remember that before installing the ceramic toilet, it is necessary to strengthen the base. Waterproofing wooden floors in the country is required regardless of the location of the bathroom. Walls wooden house it is also necessary to treat it with paint and varnish material or bitumen to keep the surface from excessive moisture. Knowing the dimensions of the room, you can calculate the total consumption of materials and fix it on the diagram.

Without a cesspool

If you want to install a toilet without an odor and pumping out, the masters are advised to give preference to options without compost pit... Among these options, the most famous are septic tanks, dry closets and powder closets. Dry closets are located regardless of the surface. This option will be a good solution for a site with increased level groundwater. In this case, it is forbidden to arrange a cesspool - waste can contaminate the soil throughout the entire area.

To install a dry closet, you can select a room in the house or build a wooden structure in the distance. The first variant of the device is preferable, as it saves on time and materials. In this case, the laying of the pipeline is not done. A washbasin can be connected to the waste collection container. The emptying of such a system is performed by removing the storage tank and draining the waste to the designated place.

The main sewerage system must not be connected to the dry closet. These reservoirs are intended for temporary use. A system with a capital toilet and a drain requires a cesspool. Sealed accumulators are able to accommodate a small amount of liquid, so they will not be able to ensure waste disposal in year-round homes.

Toilets without a cesspool, thanks to their ease of use, avoid various emergency situations... The tightness of the container excludes the possibility of interaction of the contents with groundwater. It is important to know that there should be a distance of 25 m from the cesspool to the source of water intake. The distance from the toilet to the fence should not be less than 1 m.

Another analogue of an odorless and pumping toilet device is a septic tank. Such a device is capable of processing sewage over a long service life, which makes a septic tank an ideal option for a bathroom with year-round use. The design can be purchased, but there are also schemes for creating a septic tank with your own hands.

Sealed chambers can be made from concrete, plastic or metal containers. The main principle structures of a similar design - vacuum tanks. The manufacture of a sealed chamber is quite simple and has been described earlier. It is necessary to select containers with strong walls that will not deform under the pressure of groundwater and soil.

A standard suburban septic tank for serving a family of two has two or more chambers. Each new tank serves for additional purification of the water entering it. So, in the first compartment, the waste is separated into a solid and a liquid phase. The liquid flows into an adjacent container, where it is purified again. In subsequent chambers, the cycle is repeated.

After passing through all stages of filtration, water enters the ground. Such a liquid does not pose a threat of soil contamination. Experts advise purchasing septic tanks with a biological purifier. Such a system is the most environmentally friendly for use in summer cottages.

Purification system

Septic tanks are a simplified way of treating sewage water. Sophisticated systems include additional compartments for water filtration. These structures can be installed in summer cottages in order to increase the safety of the territory. The complete set of filtration systems is complicated and costs more than a simple septic tank. However, experts recommend paying attention to them.

• Ultrafiltration. This method completely disinfects the water. A significant advantage of the system is its reusability. The cleaning does not use chemicals, the resulting water can be used for domestic purposes.

• Ion exchange reagents, allow you to speed up the process of cleaning the liquid. The water hardness increases. It is not recommended to consume such water for food purposes.
• Electrochemical cleaning. The impurities are settled under the influence of special radiation. A layer of metallic impurities forms at the bottom of the tank. Chemical substances removes heavy elements from water.
• Membrane osmosis. This complex construction recognized as the best treatment system. The reverse membrane traps waste and converts contaminated water into distilled water. The complex structure of the shell allows you to cleanse the liquid from harmful chemical impurities.

All purification systems are expensive to purchase and install. The main advantage of the structures is the complete elimination of unpleasant odors throughout the suburban area. Wastewater treatment plant allow to reduce the frequency of pumping out the contents from the sump.

Any system needs timely cleaning. If waste is not removed from the cesspool in time, the process of reproduction of harmful bacteria will negatively affect the condition of the soil. Waste stagnation produces toxic gases that can be harmful to health. The more gas masses accumulate, the more difficult it is to remove them. In especially advanced cases, it is not possible to pump out harmful vapors.

Pit treatment and waste disposal can be done in a variety of ways. The easiest and most proven is to call the sewer truck. The contaminated fluid is pumped out using hoses. This service is expensive, and it is used only when the well is filled to two-thirds of its volume, and biological products are not able to process the sewage. The machines are equipped with cutting mechanisms that grind the solid sediment.

Chemical cleaning is effective but not desirable. Fast-acting reagents work even at low temperatures. But not every such composition is environmentally friendly. It is strictly forbidden to pour the processed substance into the soil, therefore, it becomes necessary to call a pumping machine. When choosing chemicals you can pay attention to nitrate oxidants - their composition is the least harmful.

Biological products differ from chemical analogues in their safety of use. Cleaning with these compounds has been widely used by the owners of summer cottages. Microorganisms do not work well under conditions low temperatures, therefore, they are used mainly in the summer. Bacteria die on contact with acid and alkali, and do not tolerate chlorine. For these reasons, it is better not to put biological additives in the soil.

Mechanical cleaning of the pit is the traditional way elimination of impurities. This work is carried out at least once a year, the procedure is very unpleasant. Such cleaning saves money, but it is time-consuming and labor intensive. If the waste turns out to be too liquid, then it is mixed with dry matter. Sawdust and sand are excellent backfills.

When choosing biological cleansers, it is important to correctly calculate the dose. The number of beneficial bacteria must be sufficient to restore the microflora in the reservoir. Biological additives are distinguished by the speed of the cleansing process, the speed of action and the ability to eliminate odors. Before using the drug, you must read the reviews on the material.

The composition of biological products sets the conditions for its use. Aerobic bacteria can only recycle waste when exposed to oxygen. Anaerobic analogs do not need direct air access, so they are calmly placed in vacuum tanks. You can often find a combination of supplements on the market - this is how manufacturers get the most effective drug.

Successful examples and beautiful options

Many clients cannot imagine beautiful design toilet in a country house. Unusual toilet design can ruin the interior. To dispel doubts, the designers recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following interesting solutions.

Classic

Such wooden decoration of premises in the country is used everywhere. Plank masonry looks natural. Quality material fills the room with a pleasant scent of wood. A bright room can be decorated with white ceramics.

This option is perfect for installing a bathroom in a small room. The toilet is hidden from view by pieces of furniture. Additional equipment with shelves and cabinets allows you to place all the necessary personal hygiene items. Wooden furniture combined with wall and floor finishes creates a single composition.

Wood and tiles

The original design of this room is created by combining wood with ceramics. The white toilet is combined with mosaics, completing the composition. The tiles are dominated by shades of brown, in harmony with wood cladding adjacent wall. A small window creates an additional source of illumination.

The light floor goes well with the color scheme of the walls. The room does not seem small, it is dominated by air and light. Such a solution looks appropriate not only in a house in the country, but also in an urban interior. You can give any look to the ceramic pattern on the wall. In this case, the decision was made in favor of keeping it simple.

Plastic in the interior

The use of a plastic toilet bowl is not capable of spoiling the appearance of the room. On the market, you can easily find a rather unusual option. In this interior, the plastic tank looks appropriate in combination with the wall cladding made of colored polymer. The red cage in the interior of the country house looks unusual and lively.

Wooden shelves add color to the bathroom arrangement. The combination of bright walls and a light floor avoids overwhelming design. The floor is covered with linoleum painted like a stone. Since the plastic tank is not bolted to the floor, it is not difficult to clean the cover. The light skirting board adds elegance and completeness to the room.

Combination of dark and light

This bathroom solution looks advantageous due to the strong contrast of the color of the walls with the floor. Rough, wide wooden slabs on the wall resemble old log buildings. The light floor in combination with ceramics gives the interior tenderness and sophistication. The room is fully equipped - all the necessary communications have been carried out.

Such a room is designed for constant use. The craftsmen did their best to make it pleasant to be in the room. Designer jewelry- vases and stands - create a mood. Rich ceramics perfectly suits this solution.

Complex shapes

The room is completely decorated with wood. Self-made toilet looks unusual. The rough wood finish looks noble. Most bright element in the room there is a carved sink. The intricate figure resembles a felling of a tree. This option is perfect for connoisseurs of woody species.

The topic of organizing a toilet for a summer residence is rather complicated, on the one hand, in relation to the choice of a solution, on the other hand, the classic solution with a cesspool is quite laborious to implement. When installing a country closet, you can go in the traditional way by arranging a drain pit.
You can use dry closets for these purposes, if you do not confuse the maintenance costs, or use non-standard, but effective folk methods, for example, by arranging a peat toilet. Each of the proposed options has its own advantages and is applicable in certain cases. For a summer residence, you can make: a backlash closet, a powder closet, a toilet with a cesspool, a peat and dry closet. Choose your option of how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands from the proposed methods, which is most suitable for the conditions and budget

Types of country toilets and their differences

To make a toilet for a summer cottage with your own hands for a summer cottage and a country house, you need to choose the most suitable design from the options:

• a toilet with a cesspool, made with a "perforated" cesspool, which is cleaned with the help of specialized means for processing faeces;
• a backlash closet, this type of toilet can be made even indoors, it implies the use of a sealed cesspool with access to a sewer machine;
• peat toilet, one of the types of dry closet, in which the composting of faeces is achieved using natural material peat without the use of chemicals;
• dry closet, a completely sealed system requiring cleaning with a commercially available recycling and deodorizing liquid.

Methods for arranging toilets on the site

Traditional toilet with a cesspool

A toilet with a cesspool is a traditional solution for summer cottages and rural areas. The design of such a toilet assumes the presence of a drain pit, lined with red bricks in a checkerboard pattern. As a result, the drain well has a natural drainage of the liquid.
A toilet with a cesspool should be located at least 8 m from the house and 8 m from the well. It is believed that this option of a country toilet can contaminate the surrounding soil. For these reasons, summer residents often use a blind design of a cesspool with bottom filtration, which involves the use of biological agents for decomposition and biological treatment waste.

A cesspool can be located directly under the booth. According to safety precautions, taking into account the use of a toilet that has been without maintenance for a long time, the pit is made with a shift in relation to the rear wall of the booth. This solution helps to make ventilation of the cesspool, provide access to it for introducing a septic tank or pumping out waste.

Sealed cesspool with bioremediation

An environmentally friendly blind pit is a well with sealed walls that can be done different ways... In the classic case, a sealed strapping is made of clay and brick. During the laying of the well, a layer of clay mortar is made between the ground and the brick wall. The pit dimensions are standard; the drawing above can be used.
The pit can be sealed with a brick, concrete or iron jacket. At the bottom of such a well, crushed stone and sand cushions are made, which act as a natural filter. It is not difficult to make such a toilet with your own hands. You can choose one of the designs of economical pits shown below in the photo.
Special antiseptics (SEPTIFOS, Scarab, KALIUS) are used to clean and recycle the waste of cesspools with natural cleaning. The principle of action of the tool consists in monthly introduction of a solution with biobacteria into the well, which decompose feces, industrial water goes into the ground through the lower drainage.

Backlash closet

The backlash closet is a toilet with a completely sealed cesspool, from which waste is pumped out by a sewer truck. A design with self-cleaning and pumping out of service water can be implemented using drain pump and using it for watering.

The advantages of this design are that the toilet can be placed in the premises of the house, that is, we are talking about creating an urban living environment. For this option, you should think carefully about the location of the bathroom and the well in order to ensure the access of the flusher machine and the supply of water to the house. It is better to do this at the design stage of the house and plot.
A more complex option for the construction of a backlash closet is the device of an autonomous pit, which also involves the use of septic tanks. Please note that the water in the drain must be diverted a few meters from the house in order to prevent the creation of a floater under the house. To place a well near a sealed pit, you need to be sure of the quality of a concrete lock or install an additional filtering system for the water supplied to the house.

Toilet cubicle construction

The toilet cubicle is mainly constructed from lightweight materials. A more capital structure involves the construction of a booth made of brick, clay or other materials. In the simplest case, it is made of wood or on a frame basis.
The dimensions of the building can be approached to the following dimensions 100 x 100 x 2000 cm, the roof slope is ensured by increasing the height of the cab from the front side by 30 cm, that is, up to 230 cm.In this case, the size of the roof curtain will be 114 x 145 cm. make a strip foundation or use concrete supports as in the photo.

Original outdoor toilets

When thinking about how to make an outdoor toilet, pay attention to the design of the stall. It can become not only a nice addition to the site, but also an interesting element of garden decor. The photo shows some options that you can apply on your site.

Alternative ways of organizing a toilet in the country

DIY peat toilet - powder closet

A powder closet is a version of a non-waste dry closet that can be arranged anywhere without the laborious construction of a cesspool. Instead of water, peat is used, which completely suppresses odors and ensures the biodegradation of waste. As a result of processing, a ready-to-use compost is obtained.

To install such a toilet in an outdoor booth, it is enough to make a wooden stand and put a bucket for several tens of liters. The dry closet will be ready to use.

Factory-made peat compost dry closet

A peat compost dry closet is one of the types of outdoor toilets based on natural processes for processing fecal matter. The basic principle of its device is in the presence of a container where waste is collected and processed by the method of bio-fermentation together with peat. Such a toilet can be made independently or you can purchase a ready-made container adapted for these purposes with the removal of unpleasant odors. Ready-made peat toilets can be placed indoors.

The main difference between a ready-made and a self-made peat toilet is in the presence of a perforated container with a volume of 45 (!) Liters, which improves filtration processes, evaporation and prevents acidification of the mass of waste. When a peat toilet is installed in an outdoor booth, the filtered liquid fraction is discharged into a drainage pit. Ready-made toilets are adapted to work at temperatures from -40C to + 60C, and are also resistant to UV radiation.

Portable dry closets

For many people, dry closets are the best choice for a summer residence. Despite the cost item for cleaning storage tanks, this option completely replaces stationary toilets in terms of comfort. There are models on sale that are designed for different tank volumes, respectively, for operation with a different number of family members. Such toilets completely eliminate the presence of an unpleasant odor and can be installed directly in a country house, in a separate room only for ease of use.

It is better to opt for a model that has a standard height and a reliable piston drain. These features will make the operation more comfortable, although there are less expensive models, which are distinguished by their unpretentiousness, simplicity and ease of use. The average model of a dry closet is designed on average for a week of use by three people and 50 visits. Most comfortable models have a filling indicator and a pressure relief valve, which eliminates the occurrence of problems during operation.

Video instruction for the construction of a country toilet (video)

We offer you to watch How to make a toilet with your own hands video. This short guide will help you find the best solution.

And not even with garden house... First of all, any owner puts a closet. Because without it, further development of the territory is impossible. At this simple object, a hand is getting ready and the first practice of construction work appears. How to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands? Step-by-step instructions, photos and diagrams will help you cope with this task.

The design of a sanitary house must be approached with all responsibility.

The rules and regulations for the location of a latrine on the territory of the site are not a whim of the inspection authorities. Their main purpose is to prevent waste from entering the groundwater and to provide the site owner with sanitary cleanliness and safety. That is why it is important to know and follow a few simple requirements:

• The distance from the sanitary block to the reservoir, if it is located next to the site, is not less than thirty meters. If the water body is located in a low place relative to the site, the toilet must be moved as far as possible.
• The toilet should not be located closer than fifteen meters from the basement or cellar.
• You need to retreat from the house at least eight meters, from the chicken coop or other buildings for living creatures - five meters.
• You need to step back at least a meter from trees, a vegetable garden and a fence.
• It is recommended to study the direction of constant winds so that the unpleasant smell does not bother neighbors.
• It is important to know the depth of the groundwater table. If their level is less than two and a half meters, you will have to install another sealed version of the closet.

Important information! When planning the construction of a summer cottage latrine, you need to study the location of neighboring pits, wells and wells. Good relations with neighbors are one of the vital conditions for a successful summer vacation.

Do-it-yourself toilet in the country: how to make a closet with a cesspool

Many summer cottages are equipped with toilets with a cesspool. This type of construction is not suitable for areas where the groundwater level rises over 2.5 meters. The depth of the pit must be at least 1.5-2 meters. If, during the preparation of the site, it is found that the pit is filled with moisture, all the work will be in vain.

A closet with a cesspool has the following advantages:

• simplicity of design;
• fast erection;
• duration of use.

There are also some disadvantages:

• it is important to study the depth of groundwater;
• you will have to significantly retreat from water sources (wells, wells, reservoirs);
• the cost of waterproofing and ventilation of the facility;
• the need for regular cleaning.

This sanitary facility consists of two parts: the booth itself and the pit. The tank for sewage is strengthened bricks or boards treated with resin or other impregnation that prevents them from rotting. The bottom is poured with a layer of concrete thirty centimeters deep. A toilet for a summer residence, a drawing with the dimensions of which is presented above, provides for the possibility of an access to a sewer truck for removing waste from the pit. The hatch into the pit, through which further cleaning will be carried out, must be tightly closed. Experts recommend arranging a clay castle around the entire height, that is, between brick or wooden walls and the ground, you need to fill in a layer of clay up to a quarter of a meter thick.

Useful information! How often you have to hire a car to clean it directly depends on the size of the pit. Calculations show that 1 cubic meter of volume per year should be provided for one permanently resident person.

Sanitary facilities without a cesspool

The increased occurrence of groundwater does not allow you to arrange a cesspool on the site? There are several alternative solutions:

• Toilet type "Powder closet". To equip it, you will need a container that is installed directly under the toilet seat. To prevent an unpleasant odor after use, sand or ash is poured into the container. Pros: the toilet can be placed anywhere on the site, the device is quite hygienic and does not require special maintenance costs. Cons: You will have to change or clean the tank frequently.

• Dry closet. The principle of operation of dry closets is in the use of special reagents (liquids or mixtures) that decompose waste. Advantages: ease of maintenance and lack of odors, the ability to place a sanitary point anywhere, even in the house. Disadvantages - the need for frequent cleaning and the high cost of reagents.

Models and prices for finished devices

Dry closets for summer cottages are divided into three main categories:

• Liquid - using liquid fillers, they do not require ventilation or drainage.

Model	Mister little mini	Campa Potti MG	Portable 10 (Enviro)	ZENET OS07	Visa Marin 319
Price, rub	5900	3444	3000	2950	4900
Dimensions, mm	420x370x340	383x427x330	350x430x320	350x410x310	410x420x370
Weight, kg	5	3,6	4,5	3,5	5
Drain type	Piston pump	Hand pump	Hand pump	Hand pump	Piston pump
Tank volume, l	18	12	10	10	18
250	250	250	250	250

• Peat - natural peat is used for filling. This closet requires ventilation and drainage, so it is better not to put it in the house.

Model	Piteco 505	Compact Elite	BIOLAN Komplet	BioComfort	ROSTOK Standard
Price, rub	5490	4400	22500	8900	6900
Dimensions, mm	710x390x590	650x380x600	850x600x780	670x420x650	790x615x820
Weight, kg	8,5	6	15	8,8	11
Peat feeding	manual	manual	manual	manual	manual
Tank volume, l	44	40	140	40	100

Related article:

• Compost - do without fillers, run on electricity. The waste can be used for compost.

Any of these products can be installed quickly and practically anywhere. A comparative analysis of popular brands of dry closets is presented above.

DIY toilet: step-by-step instructions for building a birdhouse

Step-by-step instructions for a do-it-yourself toilet in the form of a "birdhouse" are appreciated for its simplicity. Indeed, what could be simpler than an ordinary booth with a door and a symbolic window for ventilation?

A do-it-yourself toilet in the country, the drawings of which suggest using standard sizes and dimensions, will not be difficult to build on your own. The height of the booth is usually 2-2.5 meters, inner dimensions- from 1 square meter.

Drawing of a toilet cubicle - birdhouse

Around the equipped pit are placed support pillars made of brick or concrete 20-30 centimeters high. Such a height is sufficient so that the structure does not topple over during seasonal ground movements. A flooring made of oiled boards is installed on the posts.

Metal corners are used to fix vertical racks from a bar. They make a strapping of the top of the frame. The doorway is decorated with a bar. If the site is exposed to open winds, it is better to install additional oblique planks.

The frame is sheathed with wood, or OSB plates. A sheet of corrugated board or ondulin is fixed to the roof lathing. The door leaf is hung.

Related article:

Toilet hut: basic design principles

The triangular structure of the "Shalash" closet is easier to manufacture and can be erected literally in a matter of hours. Its peculiarity is that the walls are at the same time the roof slopes.

Such a toilet is sheathed only from the front and back. Roofing material is used from the sides.

Helpful advice! It is best to lay a soft roof on such structures. It is laid on plywood or OSB sheet.

Erection of a structure of the "Shalash" type

DIY toilet in the country: photos, ideas and construction tips

The design of the closet can be very diverse and include an additional shower and a household block. If you combine these buildings, you can simultaneously save on the manufacture of a shower pit and the base of a pantry under gardening Tools... Below will be presented a toilet in the country with their own hands: photos and various interesting solutions.

With the growing popularity of wooden construction, many options for ready-made outlets from logs and beams have appeared on sale.

Another version of the booth is a plastic construction. It is not particularly beautiful, but it looks neat and is easy to wash and clean.

A brick or stone garden toilet is a solid and durable structure. It is usually erected from "waste" brick and revetted with stone, tiles, or simply plastered.

Craftsmen offer original designs from scrap materials. The closet can be made from car tires, glass bottles or firewood.

Do-it-yourself construction of a country toilet does not require serious construction experience and professional equipment.

This article will help you decide on suitable material manufacture of a booth, learn about the main differences between sewerage systems with and without a cesspool, and also provide complete instructions for the construction of a country toilet.

Sanitary and hygienic standards of the country toilet

Before starting the installation work on the independent construction of a toilet in the country, you should carefully study the regulations that govern the construction procedure. There are certain requirements that must be met:

• check that the toilet does not interfere with the neighbors. Otherwise, they have the right to complain to the appropriate authority and there is a possibility that the building will need to be moved;
• select a location, taking into account all the standards and norms for placement. If this is not done, the result will be a serious deterioration of the ecological situation in the area, pollution of the soil and nearby water bodies and water sources. The site owner will have to pay fines, and health may also be impaired due to pollution environment;
• when designing, you need to take care of the issue of removing waste from the cesspool;
• when choosing a suitable structure, it is important to take into account the characteristics of the site, in particular, the water horizon. If groundwater is close to the surface, opt for a completely sealed system.

Attention! Compliance with these requirements will prevent a variety of operational problems in the future.

Choosing the location of the toilet

The main factor that you need to focus on when choosing a location is the type of building used. It is especially important whether the presence of a storage pit for waste is envisaged, and also whether the container where they will be stored will be completely sealed.

To make a toilet in the country with your own hands, it is important to know about some of the features of finding a suitable place:

• it is imperative to take into account the depth of the groundwater of the land plot. If the groundwater level is more than 2.5-3 meters, then the construction of a cesspool cannot be carried out. In such a situation, as a rule, they erect a powder - a closet. This type provides for the treatment of toilet waste with a special composition in the form of a powder;
• it is necessary to take into account the convenience of neighbors and residents of the house. In most cases, a toilet in the country is built aside from other structures;
• it is imperative to take into account the sanitary and hygienic standards. For example, the installation cannot be carried out closer than 12 meters from the house, 20 meters from drinking wells and other water sources, 1.5 meters from the fence separating the sections;
• when constructing a latrine with a drain pit, it is important to immediately provide the entrance of special sewage equipment;
• it is advisable to take into account the landscape of the area. During operation, at the lowest point of the site, the building will be flooded in spring and autumn. When erecting a country wooden toilet at the highest point, the person using the structure will be disturbed by constant winds and drafts.

Material selection

Another important point is the definition of the material that will be used for the outside, as well as the appearance of the booth itself. A do-it-yourself toilet in the country can be made from:

• metal profile. The base is made of wood or shaped pipes made of metal, which are connected to each other by welding. Then the base is sewn with metal sheets. This material is also coated with a special compound that protects the country toilet from the negative effects of high humidity. The main advantage of using corrugated board is the possibility of quick construction;
• brick. Such toilets can be operated for a long period, however, they involve a rather laborious and expensive installation. The structure has a large mass and can only be installed on the foundation, so you will need to make a strip or columnar base.
• boards are the most common option for a toilet in the country. The main advantages are affordability and low cost, the ability to implement various types of design, mobility. The disadvantages include only the exposure of the boards negative impact moisture, but today there are many ways to minimize this deficiency. For example, the service life can be significantly increased by applying a primer and painting. If the owner does not want to spoil the natural appearance of the tree, then there are numerous transparent compounds that repel moisture.

Choosing a house for a toilet in the country

The next step is to choose the desired shape of the booth. The main types are:

• "Birdhouse" - has a lean-to roof, is distinguished by its simplicity of design and economy. Best suited if the toilet is only visited during the summer;
• "Hut" - has a complicated structure. It has the ability to keep warm even in winter, but involves a greater consumption of materials;
• "Shalash" - differs in the presence of protection from the winds, has a roof with two slopes;
• "House" - this variety has high strength and can keep warm.

There are also sophisticated cubicles with a second shower section or additional space for other needs. Separately, you can highlight the dry closets electric or chemical type, as well as those in which waste processing takes place using peat.

Dry closets are built when it is impossible to equip a waste pit or septic tank. The most suitable option for affordability and practicality is wooden toilet with a cesspool and a birdhouse-type booth.

Watch the video

Cabin drawings with dimensions

In order to carry out the installation procedure correctly, it is important to find and first study the correct drawings with the dimensions of the future toilet in the country. The simplest version is the "Birdhouse", it can be erected even by a complete beginner in construction, so we will explain the installation process using this type as an example.

In the above drawing, the following items are numbered:

1. Strapping (for connecting several components).
2. Rack.
3. Door.
4. Doorhandle.
5. Door cross member.
6. Front wall.
7. Rafter system roofs.
8. Roof covering.
9. Ventilation.
10. Deflector.
11. Side wall.
12. Top cover covering the drain pit.
13. Support system (most often made of bricks).
14. Back wall.

Advice! If the person who produces the toilet in the country is experienced enough and has engineering knowledge, then he can draw up a drawing of the toilet for the country with his own hands. Otherwise, it is better for the master to use ready-made options.

We build a wooden toilet with a cesspool - step by step instructions

When the owner of the suburban area has decided on the choice of a suitable place that meets all the requirements and rules, and also has chosen the necessary shape of the booth, you can start building a suburban toilet. This process includes several stages, for a start you should prepare all necessary materials.

To build a toilet, we need the following tools and materials:

• 2 square meters roofing material (for roofing and waterproofing);
• sand;
• cement block (4 pieces) or concrete curb (2 pieces, 2 meters long);
• 40 pieces of lining;
• electric jigsaw;
• door with the necessary accessories;
• 4 things. edged boards;
• galvanized metal profile;
• timber timber;
• nails, screws and other fasteners;
• building level;
• varnish or paint for the top coat.

For additional insulation the toilet may need styrofoam. Also, the list does not include materials for a beautiful interior cladding.

Watch the video

Digging a foundation pit under a pit

The depth of the cesspool should not be less than 2 meters. It can be built from various materials... The most popular are:

• plastic;
• brick;
• concrete rings;
• monolithic concrete.

Each variety has its own characteristics, as well as advantages and disadvantages. One of the most common options is a brick pit. She is able to serve for a long time, is not subject to the negative influence of the environment. For this, red brick is most often used, it is better not to use a silicate variety.

Instructions on how to make a pit for a country toilet out of bricks yourself:

1. Digging a square or rectangular hole with the help of special equipment or independently. When designing dimensions, it is important to take into account not only the width of the walls, but also the additional space between them and the pit. This gap is required for additional waterproofing.
2. A layer of sand is poured (thickness 150 mm), firmly compacted.
3. The bottom is laid with bricks, a reinforcing mesh is placed on top (it can be made by hand by fastening several reinforcing rods together with a wire).
4. Crushed stone is poured and a concrete screed is made (width 150 mm).
5. For the construction of walls around the perimeter, a small foundation of cement and reinforcement is implemented.
6. After 10 days, when the concrete has finally hardened, brick walls are laid out.
7. On both sides of the walls, all joints must be treated with a special sealant and plastered.
8. All this is covered with a concrete slab with a special opening for the hatch.

We build a toilet frame

The next stage in the construction of a suburban toilet with your own hands is the installation of a ceiling from a concrete curb. It is installed no further than 20 cm from the boundaries of the cesspool. To do this, you need to dig 40-centimeter holes in the corners, cover the bottom with rubble and sand.

Then the curb will need to be dug in, the base should be about 15 cm above the surface, no more. Sometimes to create an overlap are used cement blocks that are placed in the corners.

When installing the foundation, it is important to monitor the even arrangement of the elements, the easiest way to do this is using a building level. Then roofing material is required to be laid on the created overlap. This must be done in 3-5 layers to ensure the most reliable waterproofing.

Assembling the frame

It is worth noting that before starting the assembly, wood elements should be treated with a special compound, which will prevent material decay and significantly increase its service life.

Step-by-step construction of the frame of a country toilet:

1. From a bar we build a base in the shape of a rectangle. The connection can be carried out both end-to-end and "in the floor of the tree". Be sure to strengthen the corners with self-tapping screws.
2. We install vertical elements in the corners. They are also reinforced with self-tapping screws or braces.
3. We build the base for the roof, for this, the upper part of the uprights is connected.
4. The front part of the country toilet is equipped with a door frame: 2 posts and a crossbar are mounted on top.
5. We will make a window box that will be located in the side or back wall of the toilet. To do this, fix 2 cross members, mount 2 racks between them. It should be borne in mind that the distance between the vertical elements assumes the window width, and between the crossbars - the height.

Sheathing and roof erection

Basically, sheathing is carried out by means of boards or lining, which gives the structure a more aesthetic appearance.

The lining can be located vertically or horizontally, depending on the preference and convenience of the owner of the suburban area, who is building a wooden toilet on his own.

To the frame base, the elements are attached with nails, screws or other fasteners.

Thick wood planks are used as flooring, which is characterized by increased strength. The permissible thickness must be at least 4 cm.

After finishing the cladding, you can proceed with the roof equipment:

1. On the upper harness, made in the previous stage, a crate made of boards or laths made of wood is placed. If used flexible shingles, then instead of the crate, it is imperative to fix the sheets of plywood, which has increased resistance to moisture.
2. A special film designed for waterproofing is installed on the crate. It is fixed with rails or nails.
3. The roof is being laid.

The roofing material can be any, depending on the financial capabilities and the required properties. In most cases, ceramic tiles are used.

It can be operated for 75-100 years, it is resistant to the negative influence of the environment. Another advantage of ceramic tiles is ease of installation and dismantling, as well as a wide variety of colors and shades.

Installing doors

The size of the door is determined from the drawing of the wooden toilet during the design phase. After installing and assembling the frame, you can start the installation door block.

The procedure is pretty straightforward. First of all, a rectangular frame is made from a bar based on the dimensions door frame... Then the door must be sheathed with clapboard or boards. In general, the process is no different from frame sheathing. The door is mounted to the awnings.

Sometimes the owners want a small window to be located in the door through which they can get inside the room. sunlight... This must be done before installing the door.

Quite often, this window is additionally glazed. This requires ordering or cutting glass the right size, then install it in the door and secure it with slats (narrow glazing beads), which are located on both sides of the window.

Making a toilet seat

The last mandatory step in the step-by-step construction of a country toilet is the construction of a toilet seat. This procedure is carried out quickly enough and does not require professional construction tools and equipment, except for the jigsaw.

How to make a toilet seat in a country toilet:

1. For the device of the frame, it is necessary to place 2 crossbars on the left and right sides. The length from the floor covering to the horizontal elements is the height of the future toilet seat.
2. The uprights are attached from the bottom to the base and from the top to the crossbars installed in the previous step.
3. In the upper plane, the racks must be connected with a cross member, which should be located at right angles to the horizontal side racks.
4. The constructed frame is sheathed with boards.
5. A board from the toilet bowl is applied to the center of the upper surface, the dimensions of the toilet should be marked with a pencil.
6. A small hole is drilled into which a jigsaw can pass. Then a full hole is created using a jigsaw using the circled marks.
7. The toilet board is fixed with screws or nails.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the article on how to choose and install them.

Watch the video

Exhaust ventilation

The final step to ensure the most comfortable operation of a self-built toilet is to equip a ventilation system. It is necessary so that the stench from toilet waste does not spread throughout the territory.

Allocate natural and forced ventilation. Natural depends on the direction of air flows, internal and external pressure, as well as on the location of the booth.

Such ventilation is provided by an unglazed window with a small visor so that leaves and other debris do not get inside. The forced option certainly requires the installation of a specialized system. Some of them are powered by the mains, so you should consider in advance how to provide power.

In most cases, the owners of the cottage, when building a wooden toilet on their own, provide for ventilation. Its installation is a fairly simple procedure: you need to place one end of the pipe inside the room, and the other outside, placing it a meter above the roof of the house.

Watch the video

Wooden toilet without a cesspool

Arranging a cesspool with your own hands is the simplest and most effective way to implement sewage. However, this cannot be done if the following conditions are met:

• shale or limestone soil;
• The water level in the ground is over 3 meters;
• the dacha is visited by a large number of people, therefore, a significant load is planned.

In such a situation, the only way out is to build an outdoor suburban toilet without a drain pit. There are the following varieties of this type:

• powder closet;
• backlash closet;
• dry closet.

Powder - closet in most cases is mounted when there is a high level of groundwater on the site. As a rule, the reservoir is located under the toilet and has a small volume (up to 18-20 liters).

The basic principle of operation: the drains are covered with a powdery composition (most often, with a peat mass), which prevents the appearance and spread of an unpleasant odor. After such treatment, the sewage is transferred to the compost.

The main advantage of this type of outdoor toilet without a cesspool is its simplicity of structure and low construction costs.

1. Observation window.
2. Toilet seat cover.
3. Stulchak
4. Storage capacity.
5. Entrance door
6. Underlay for support joists
7. Rake
8. Ventilation window

The backlash closet is characterized by a completely sealed container where sewage and drainage water are located. The effluent in such a toilet does not enter the soil, therefore it is not capable of polluting the environment.

It will be necessary to provide periodic cleaning, calling special sewage equipment. The structure of the backlash closet assumes that the main storage tank can be located at some distance from the upper cubicle, therefore, such a toilet is often placed in a building.

The disadvantage is the lack of the possibility of using the building in the winter, because the drains freeze and are difficult to pump out. The solution is to install a special heating system.

Dry closets are often installed in the country. Their principle of operation is similar to the work of powders - a closet; waste treatment is also carried out with peat. In some cases, biologicals containing microorganisms are used that accelerate processing, or chemical agents.

When operating a chemical toilet, it is important to use only safe products.

Pros and cons of a cesspool

The advantages of building a toilet with a cesspool with your own hands:

• the ability to create a filtration system that is able to independently dispose of wastewater and sewage. Thanks to this, it is not required to regularly call a sewer truck and provide an approach to the pit;
• you can operate a similar toilet all year round.

Disadvantages:

• it takes more time to build and drain equipment;
• installation and creation of a toilet pit is more expensive;
• possible soil contamination when high level groundwater.

Advantages of a country toilet, built independently, without a drain pit:

• mobility, which allows you to move the structure without problems, as well as place the tank at some distance from the booth;
• the possibility of construction with a close location of groundwater to the surface;
• easy installation;
• less stringent requirements for the location on the site, in particular, for the distances to water sources, because sealed system does not lead to environmental pollution;
• if necessary, the building can be easily disassembled or completely removed.

Disadvantages of these toilets:

• the likelihood of the stench spreading. This does not apply to all types of toilets (if processing is carried out using peat, this problem does not arise). An unpleasant odor quickly appears due to the small volume of the tank where waste and waste is stored. The solution to the problem is the construction of a forced ventilation system;
• the need for regular elimination of the tank filling. This is done with sewage equipment, or complete processing and transfer of waste to compost is ensured;
• inability to use in winter.

Watch the video

Thus, the construction of a toilet is possible even for craftsmen who have no experience in construction. However, it is important to study the instructions and recommendations in order to know how to build a toilet in the country correctly.

First of all, it is advisable to decide on the material and type of the booth, then design the sewerage system. This will allow for a high-quality construction, as a result of which the toilet will last for decades.

Recordings