How to turn your suburban area into a real paradise? Just. You need to create a beautiful place that is pleasing to the eye. And where the soul rests, there the mood improves, and vitality rising.

One of the brightest touches in landscape design can be a decorative pond in the country, comfortably located among the greenery.

Despite the fact that the majority summer cottages are limited in size to a standard six hundred square meters, and the owners do not have the opportunity to make a large pond, this is not yet a reason to deny yourself the pleasure of having an artificial reservoir on the site. The technical side of the issue will also not become an obstacle if there is a desire and competent instruction describing step by step how to make a pond with your own hands.

Stage 1 - Idea (types of ponds)

Before starting large-scale construction works and to build a whole lake with your own hands, you need to think about the purpose of creating a reservoir on the site.

In terms of functionality (goals), four types can be distinguished:

Small pond.

This is a body of water landscape composition... Their purpose is to decorate a corner of the garden and delight the eye. Active rest near such a pond is not expected.

Decorative pond.

It is a deeper body of water. As a rule, they are decorated with bridges, fountains, lighting is mounted. Such a pond is equipped not far from country house, terraces or gazebos, benches, sun loungers and umbrellas (or awnings) are installed nearby. And the reservoir becomes the center of the recreation area for the inhabitants of a private house.

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A private artificial lake in which fish swim is not only a dream of fishermen. Children, cats and other family members will be happy to watch the colorful fish while relaxing in nature.

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They are also suburban reservoirs, which are designed, in addition to an aesthetic function, to provide an opportunity to refresh or even swim, depending on the size.

Based on the goal and own capabilities, the location of the pond, its parameters and geometry will be determined.

Stage 2 - Style of the reservoir in the country

Garden pond can be made in two versions with an infinite number of different modifications:

Formal (regular) body of water.

The name aptly reflects the essence of the pond; it is a structure with a rigidly defined shape.

The geometrically correct shape of the pond is more suitable for plots designed in a classic style or in modern, minimalism or hi-tech styles.

Along with rectangular shapes, round, square and broken lines (symmetrical or asymmetrical) also belong to the formal pond type.

Landscape reservoir at the site.

A more popular option among users, since it has an irregular coastline, a natural look, creates the effect of being close to nature and does not limit the flight of the creators' imagination.

Tip: The shape of the pond is determined by the preferences of the owners, but the more complex the shoreline, the harder it is to lay the film.

An important aspect that you need to pay attention to when choosing the style of the reservoir on the site is the terrain. A smooth surface makes it possible to equip a reservoir of any configuration. Differences and irregularities require increased attention, but they allow you to make a reservoir with a waterfall or a cascade of ponds. On such a relief, a bridge or an artificial slide will organically look.

You can also independently raise the pond above ground level. The only difference in the technology for performing the work will be the foundation arrangement, which makes it possible to avoid skewing the concrete bowl of the artificial lake.

The high pond minimizes excavation, is easier to maintain and is suitable for families with small children (the edge is equipped with a railing). Such a reservoir can be built near a covered terrace, making it not only an element landscape design but also a place of rest.

Tip: If you plan on making a pond with a fountain, opt for a tall pond.

Stage 3 - Place (location) for the pond

To create a pond on the site for the sake of a pond is illogical. It is much more pleasant if the pond brings a zest, a decorative accent to the color of the landscape of the site. So, you need to place it in a good place. It is the location that will allow you to admire the artificial lake from any point.

How to choose the right place for a pond in the country?

To do this, you need to take into account a number of factors:

• the size of the plot. Directly affects the size of the pond itself and its configuration;

• relief. It also determines the shape of the pond and provides an opportunity to simplify the creation of fountains, waterfalls, or vice versa, achieving a perfectly smooth water mirror;

• soil composition and groundwater level. Have a direct impact on the depth of the pond, the complexity of the work and the need for additional materials;

• illumination. It is desirable that the pond is located in a shaded area. The exposure time to direct sunlight should not exceed 5-6 hours. Otherwise, some of the water from the pond runs the risk of evaporating, and biological activity will negate all the beauty of the reservoir. Recommendation: after choosing a place for a pond, observe the solar regime for several days.

Tip: The deeper the body of water, the more illuminated it can be.
A pond intended for fish, all the more needs a thoughtful placement, because in highly heated water, the oxygen level decreases.

• visibility. It is better to place the pond so that it can be seen from the window of the house or from the gazebo. Good visibility is especially important for families with children.

• reflection. The pond will only benefit if only clouds or beautiful structures are reflected on its surface, and not a toilet or a greenhouse.

• the degree of landscaping. The trees and bushes surrounding the pond are definitely a very organic addition. But, it is also fallen leaves and branches that, falling into the water, will pollute its surface and, ultimately, settle to the bottom in the form of silt. In addition, tree roots can damage the waterproofing of the pond.

Tip: You can provide a sufficient amount of greenery near the pond by decorating it with plants in tubs (barrels).

• power supply. For those owners who plan to equip a fountain on a pond, lighting, etc. should consider in advance the possibility of electrifying this site and yard.

Advice: it is better to supply electricity at the development stage and lay the wires in a protected and strong corrugation underground, and equip the connection points with a hatch for free access.

• the possibility of expanding the reservoir or the device of a recreation area. You need to plan for the future. In either case, it is important that at least one side of the pond has enough space for possible redevelopment, adding a gazebo, barbecue area, installing sun loungers or a small waterfall.

• the compatibility of the pond with other buildings and the general view of the site.

Advice: it is better to start building a pond in the country with your own hands at the beginning of the warm season - in the spring. Thus, there will be a margin of time for the device and the reservoir will have time to fit into the design ("take root").

Stage 4 - The size of the pond on the site

It cannot be said unequivocally that a large pond is a luxury, and a small one is a budget option or an opportunity to save money. A small pond does not always mean cheap, sometimes even the opposite. Each type has its own advantages. Therefore, let's focus on the key points:

• dimensions. Depends on the location of the pond in the country. On the sites there are recommendations as to what area the pond should occupy - from 3 to 10% of the total area of ​​the site. In fact, there can be no clear recommendations;

• width and length. Determined by the size of the site and the physical capabilities of the person. After all, the foundation pit under the pond is dug most often by hand;

Tip: the aspect ratio will determine the harmony of the pond.

• depth. Depends on the size of the pool, pond or lake and the purpose of the arrangement.

• zoning. Professionals recommend dividing an artificial pond into three sections:

• coastal zone (100-400 mm). Designed for planting plants and entering the pond;

• shallow water (400-1000 mm). For plants growing deeper. Tip: A nymphaean or winter-hardy water lily grows well at this very depth;

• deep water (over 1 m). It is necessary in those ponds where it is planned to breed fish. The area of ​​the deep-water zone depends on the type and number of fish, but should be at least 20% of the pond area.

Tip: The lowest point of the reservoirs should be below the freezing point of the soil. This is especially important for those ponds in which fish live. Thus, she can spend the winter painlessly in the non-freezing pond.

• biodynamic balance. A pond is a place that is inhabited by animals, therefore, a balance must be ensured so that the pond can self-clean. Special treatment of water such as chlorination or ozonation for the pond is not provided.

Tip: Plants should not cover more than 50% of the pond area.

• the complexity of the content. It's a paradox, but the larger the reservoir, the easier it is to care for.

Ponds - from small to large

Stage 5 - Material for the pond in the country

Moving forward in the study of summer cottages, we gradually got to one of the key questions, how to make a pond with our own hands. Any construction begins with the choice of material.

The market offers many building materials for building a pond. And the craftsmen advise making a pond from scrap materials, this will allow you to build a small reservoir in the country without any special financial costs.

Consider all materials suitable for building a garden pond.

Concrete pond.

An expensive option that allows you to operate the pond for a long time. Filling a pond with concrete (building a concrete bowl) is a method that is more suitable for a pool device.

Plastic bowl (container).

More suitable option... Made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or fiberglass, the shape allows you to quickly complete all the work on the arrangement and operate the pond from 5 to 30 years, depending on the quality of the bowl.

The purchased form allows you to make a reservoir in 3 stages: dig a pit, install a bowl and fill the voids with sand.

The plastic pond bowl is characterized by ease of installation, durability and frost resistance.

Their disadvantage is the high cost, the complexity of transportation (with a large volume) and the need to have basic installation skills. Otherwise, it is very easy to damage the bowl. Please note that plastic bowls are destroyed by ultraviolet radiation.

Tip: The clear shape of the plastic bowl limits the ability to create landscape pond on the site (subjective opinion).

In this subgroup, the best option is a fiberglass pond bowl (mold), reinforced with a rubber base. An unconditional plus of fiberglass in reliability and maintainability.

Polymer film.

Provides unlimited possibilities in terms of choosing the shape of the reservoir. The simplest and most affordable material in this category is polyethylene film. It's affordable and cheap, but won't last long.

More long life at the PVC film. At correct installation and with proper care, it will last more than 10 years. Tip: instead of PVC film, you can use advertising banners (banners). They are trying to get rid of used banners and can be bought inexpensively. Butyl rubber film for pond. The most reliable material (rubber) for waterproofing a reservoir. Experts recommend a butyl rubber membrane (EPDM) for those with a rocky bottom, many roots, and a significant pool depth. The service life of butyl rubber is 50 years. It can withstand repeated freezing.

Folk ways to make a pond from scrap materials

Bath pond

An old bathroom is an ideal container specifically designed to hold water. It can be painted brightly and placed in a beautiful corner of the garden. Or you can go deep into the soil and get a small summer cottage pond, even with a fountain.

Tire pond (tire pond or wheel pond)

Another easy way to make a mini garden pond.

How to make a pond from a tire with your own hands is shown in the photo.

Basin pond

The method is so simple that women or even children are more often engaged in its device. The basin easily holds water. Like a bathtub, it can be placed on the ground or deepened. The main thing in arranging a pond from a basin is decor. And then, a garden mini-pond will decorate the site no worse than a full-fledged reservoir.

Decorative pond from plastic bottles.

Suitable for those who want to combine two in one: create a decorative pond and eliminate the buzzing of mosquitoes.

Material prepared for the site www.site

Please note that the choice of material for the pond has a direct impact on the arrangement, appearance and its service life.

Tip: When choosing material for your pond, make sure that it is environmentally friendly.

Stage 6 - tools and equipment for the pond

To make a simple pond in the country, you need to prepare a level, a cord (for marking), pegs, an irrigation hose, a shovel and a cart for soil removal.

For a more technologically advanced (capital) reservoir, pond equipment will be required:

• filter for water purification. Installation of a filter in reservoirs where fish are bred is especially relevant.

• pond pump. Allows you to organize the supply of water under pressure. It is used for pumping / pumping out water, watering the garden, arranging fountains, waterfalls, filtering (cleaning);

• sterilizer for the pond. It is necessary to eliminate algae (it will help to make the water clear);

• compressor (aerator) for the pond. Important for fish and plants. Aeration of the pond allows oxygenation of the water. Compared to an aquarium compressor, it has a higher power.

Stage 7 - We build a pond in the country with our own hands

As you can see, there are more than enough materials to create a pond on your own. We will dwell on how to make a pond in the country from PVC film. The choice is due to the fact that the film takes shape better, it is quite affordable, working with it does not require special skills, the film must be repaired.

Advice: so that the film does not break in winter, it is necessary to provide for a deep-water part (below the depth of freezing of the soil), which will serve as a kind of compensator.

7.1 Selection of pond liner

PVC film colors:

• black - will turn the bottom of the lake into a mirror. In a dark pond, clouds, etc, will be well reflected;

• brown - perfectly imitates the bottom soil. Suitable for creating landscape reservoirs;

• blue or cream - will make the pond look like a pool, but fish are clearly visible against a light background.

When choosing a film, pay attention to:

• composition. Polyethylene is brittle, PVC is stronger;

• thickness. A film with a thickness of more than 0.5 mm is suitable for a pond. The maximum thickness that is on the domestic market is 1.9 mm;

Tip: The deeper the pond and the more difficult its shoreline, the stronger and thicker the film should be. The presence of stones or tree roots is also a reason to choose a more durable film.

• trade mark (brand). According to reviews, as well as from practice, it is recommended to use the film of the Gardena, Heissner, OASE brands;

• resistance to mechanical damage;

• UV resistance.

Tip: If the pond is over 1.5 m deep. the best solution will use butyl rubber (EPDM or synthetic rubber, as it is also called). The rubber film is stretchable, UV resistant and resistant to mechanical damage. Withstands from 40 to 80 ° C.

• lack of toxic constituents in the composition of the film.

Calculation of the film for the pond

• film length = reservoir length + 2 x reservoir depth + stock (500-600 mm);

• film width = reservoir width + 2 x reservoir depth + stock (500-600 mm).

How and how to glue PVC film for a pond

Pond films are glued with a special adhesive (eg Tangit PVC-U) or adhesive tape, eg Quick Seam 3.

Tip: it is better to immediately adjust the geometry of the pond to the size of the film.

7.2 Sketch and diagram of a pond in the country

Before you start digging a pit for a reservoir, you need to draw a sketch on paper, and also transfer it to the surface of the ground. It is advisable to indicate the depth and width of the shelves for plants or steps. This technique will avoid problems in the process of constructing a pond. It is convenient to apply the markings with a garden hose (it is flexible, bright, it is easy to adjust) or with sand.

Tip: after applying the markings to the ground, cover the resulting area with a light film and look at it from different corners of the site. You may actually have to make adjustments to the future pond.

7.3 Digging a pond pit

The pit device includes:

• sod removal (excavation);

• digging a foundation pit. It is convenient to dig from the edge to the center, gradually deepening into the right places... For decorating, laying out stone or laying sod, you need to dig a protrusion with a depth of 600-700 mm;

• removal of soil, as well as debris, roots, stones and everything that can damage the film.

Tip: since the excavated land needs to be put somewhere, you can equip alpine slide or level the surface of the area where there are depressions.

In the process of excavation, you need to constantly monitor that the banks are on the same line. If a waterfall is planned, then you need to withstand the desired height difference.

Advice. If you need a building level (level) of great length, then you can do it yourself. To do this, lay a regular building level 500 mm long on a long board.

7.4 Laying the pond mat

After the pit has been dug, its bottom and walls are well tamped (this is necessary to shape), they proceed to waterproofing. Waterproofing for the pond is needed so that water does not go into the soil.

Tip: Some users prefer to go without isolation. In practice, this leads to the fact that the water level is not constant.

There are several ways to form a substrate:

• lay out the tamped foundation pit with stones, gravel and cover with sand. But after a few years, such waterproofing will cease to fulfill its functions;

• lay geotextiles on the bottom and cover with sand. A more reliable method, but also more expensive;

• lay PVC film. It is about the film, as the most common option, that is discussed in this article.

7.5 Laying the pond liner

Correct laying of the film does not exclude the construction of a sand cushion at the bottom of the future pond. According to professionals, such a pillow eliminates the possibility of damage to the film by roots or stones.

Advice. It is better to install the film on a hot day. As it warms up, it will become more pliable.

Considering the relief of the bottom and the banks of the reservoir, everyone will be faced with the fact that the film will fit in folds. At the same time, users are advised to make one large fold, and not many small ones. The formed fold can be pressed down with stones or glued to the main part of the film.

It is important that the laid film lies on the surface of the pit freely, without tension. Otherwise, after filling the pond with water, it may stretch even more and tear.

In order to fix the film, it is enough to dig an auxiliary trench. Having laid the film, you can fix it with rods and fill the trench with rubble.

After the film is laid, the pit is filled with stones.

Tip: choose a large stone for the bottom. The flat bottom of the stone will prevent the film from breaking. For the walls, it is better to use rounded stones, since flat ones slide.

Upon completion of the work, the pit is filled with water. Moreover, it must be served without pressure in the middle of the pit.

Only after the water in the pit has stood for 1-2 days can the film be cut off.

7.6 Strengthening the banks of the pond

A homemade pond in the garden will look well-groomed and reliable only when there are beautiful and strong banks.

Depending on the type of soil, the bank of the pond should have a slope:

• with black earth or clay - it is allowed to make vertical walls;

• with sandy soil - inclined.

Practical users believe that the optimal slope for the shore of the reservoir is 45 °. Such an angle will prevent the coast from crumbling and prevent ice bulging during freezing / thawing.

When decorating and decorating the banks of the pond, take into account the plants that will be planted on them. Since they all grow at different depths, care should be taken to have landing racks formed at a specific depth.

In the process of digging a foundation pit, each owner will inevitably face the question of how to strengthen the bank of the pond.

To strengthen the coast, the following engineering methods are suitable:

For a gentle bank:

• geomat;
• geogrid (perforated polymer);
• geogrid.

Craftsmen advise using a more familiar mesh-netting, the cells of which are clogged with earth with seeds of clover (or other perennial grasses), or to strengthen the shore of the pond with plants and bushes.

For the steep bank:

• gabions;
• piles (sheet piles or conventional);
• retaining walls.

Biological methods can strengthen the shore just as well. The photo shows plants that can not only strengthen the shore, but also decorate an artificial reservoir.

Advice. For greater reliability, it is better to combine engineering and biological methods of strengthening the shore of the reservoir.

Stage 8 - Making a pond in the country with your own hands

The pond in the country will become a full-fledged design element of the garden decor only after its final finishing.

To make a summer cottage pond natural or decoratively decorate a molded reservoir, you can use:

• plants planted directly at the bottom of the pond. To do this, you need to put prepared plants in special containers on curtains (pond steps). Tip: native plants take root better in the pond;

• plants in tubs. To do this, any plant is planted in a tub (barrel, bucket, pot) and displayed on the bank of the pond. The advantage of this way to decorate the coast is that you can use any, even exotic plants and constantly modify the appearance of the coastline;

• to equip the island of "dreams" in the middle of the reservoir. Place a decorative boulder on the island or place a plant in a flower pot;

• launch bright fish;

• lay beautiful stones.

Advice: it is better to alternate the laying of large stones with the laying of smaller ones, thus, it will be possible to avoid uniformity in the design of the shore.

• lay comfortable and beautiful paths from natural stone, gravel, wood or brick cuts;

Tip: Gravel paths require more maintenance. they are washed away by the rain and grass grows through them.

• throw a bridge over the reservoir;

• supplement it with a waterfall;

• install a beautiful fence made of wood or stone;

• organize night illumination of the pond. Moreover, you can install LED lights, or place lights in transparent glass balls on the water mirror. They can be lowered to the bottom using weights;

• install sun loungers or a gazebo on the bank of the pond.

Stage 9 - Taking care of the pond in the country

• protection of the pond from leaves will be provided by a mesh construction on a light frame.

• cloudy water, which will stay in the pond for 2-3 weeks, settles over time. In addition, the biological activity of small residents will soon make it transparent.

• to clear the pond of leaves, a net is useful;

• to increase the water level, you need to periodically top up it (with a bucket or a hose without pressure);

• you need to monitor the rate of distribution of algae, in order to limit their growth, you can plant cattail or nymphea (lily);

• the plants planted in the pond should be sheltered from the cold or brought into the house;

• periodic cleaning of the reservoir will eliminate bottom debris;

Tip: The pond can be cleaned quickly and efficiently in winter. To do this, it is enough to break the ice and take it out of the pond together with the silt.

• algicides - an emergency measure to clean up the pond. But due to its high toxicity, you should not contact it unless absolutely necessary.

Stage 10 - Preparing the pond for winter

The pond, based on a special plastic bowl, can overwinter, because the bowl can withstand significant temperature changes. And so that it does not deform from the pressure created by ice, it is enough to place several empty plastic bottles in the container. Beforehand, the bottles must be tightly closed with lids. To prevent the destruction of the bowl, 1 bottle per 1 square meter capacity.

But what about those who have a film pond - will the film crack from frost? If the depth of the pond exceeds the depth of freezing of the soil, you do not need to worry. Empty bottles can also be used to conserve smaller bodies of water.

Important! All equipment and plants should be covered for the winter.

Conclusion

In this article, we have covered all the key points of creating a pond with our own hands, from idea to leaving. We hope that we have dispelled doubts and gave confidence in our abilities. Go for it! And by the beginning of the season you will have a wonderful watery corner in the suburban area.

Having a beautiful pond in the garden is the dream of any summer resident. In order for the reservoir to be original and easy to maintain, it is necessary to think over all the details: choose a location, select materials, choose residents and plants, and then start construction.

Pond in the garden: how to choose a site and not be mistaken with the shape and size

At the initial stage, often due to their inexperience and ignorance, gardeners make mistakes that can cause many problems in the future. Only the right terrain, size and shape, ideally suited to the area of ​​the site, is the key to successful construction. That is why, before carrying out such work, a diagram is drawn up and planning of landscape design objects and buildings in the garden is carried out.

Site selection

• An open area is best suited for a pond, as tall trees and shrubs will constantly clog the water. Alternatively, you can cover the surface with a net for the period of leaf fall, but in the summer you will have to remove the protection, and the debris from the surrounding plants will still end up at the bottom of the reservoir. A shaded pond will take a long time to warm up, especially in early spring.
• It is very important that the selected area is exposed to sunlight either in the morning or in the afternoon.
• The surface of the construction site must be perfectly flat. Even a slight difference in height can ruin the entire appearance, for example, waterproofing protruding from high banks does not look aesthetically pleasing at all.

The form

The laws of landscape design state that for a small palisade in a natural style, the optimal solution is a winding, intricate shape. As practice shows, it is quite problematic to locate such a pond in a small area, and it will look comical.

But this is not a reason to abandon the reservoir, you can make a waterfall with a vertical drop or a small semi-fountain capacity. With the right decoration, even the simplest geometric model will fit into all kinds of landings without disturbing the landscape.

If the palisade is designed in a certain style, then the reservoir must correspond to it. So, for the English style, a round pond is suitable, for the classic one - with strictly outlined corners, and the oriental design will allow you to choose an absolutely arbitrary shape.

Size and depth

It is not at all necessary to make a pond in the garden large, even if the area allows. A properly placed small pond will look much more spectacular than a lake in the middle of a lawn. While the larger is easier to care for, it is easier to decorate and can be used for swimming or fishing.

The optimal depth of the pond is from 30 to 50 cm, under such a layer of water it will be comfortable for both vegetation and living creatures. But it should be borne in mind that such a reservoir will freeze through, and fish and plants will have to be relocated for the winter. It is much easier to mount and arrange a shallow reservoir with gentle banks.

DIY pond in the garden

Garden ponds are assembled from a wide variety of materials: plastic, concrete, stone, film, geotextile. You can also buy a ready-made base - it is relatively easy to install, it is suitable for wintering aquatic plants and has a fairly long service life.

The purpose of the pond can be different:

• a mini-pond from a cast-iron bathtub or garden cart;
• decorative swamp, with which you can drain the problem area;
• an abode for local flora and fauna;
• a haven for exotic fish and plants;
• pool with overflowing water.

Arrangement of a pond from a finished form

Using a specially designed container made of polyethylene or fiberglass, it is quite easy to create a small mini-pond with stagnant water. They come in a variety of shapes and types and are sold in specialty stores and at themed landscape design exhibitions.

1. Place a two-level base in a predetermined place and outline its contours on the surface of the ground, adding 15 cm for the seams. Dig a pit for one level, and then, after trying again, for another, but 15-20 cm deeper than the bath itself
2. Thoroughly clean the cavity of stones and plant debris and compact well. Next, make a layer of dry sand, 10 cm thick, flatten. Using a spirit level and a rail, make sure that the container is installed correctly.
3. Fill the resulting air space with sand, moistening it until it stops seeping down. At the same time, fill the pond with water and monitor its level. If necessary, twist until the position is aligned.
4. After 24 hours, check to see if the pond has subsided. If this happens, add sand and tamp. Then empty the container, wash and pour clean water.
5. That's it, the pond is ready for decoration. Place pebbles around it or make paths of colored gravel, plant plants in containers.

Original pond in the garden with your own hands photo

Often the main determining factor when choosing one of the options for an ornamental pond is the financial side. We offer several very original and relatively inexpensive ways to build the coveted water structure.

Second Life

Old barrels located in a secluded place will serve as an excellent habitat for aquatic plants. The principle of laying such a mini-pond is the same as in the previous method. Wooden barrels it is better to use oak, the main thing is that they are not dry. But with metal containers you will have to tinker a little: wash, cover the outer surface with bitumen, and paint the inner oil paint black to add visual depth.

Man-made lake

What could be more charming than a small lake next to country house? You will need a plastic wrap that can be used to cover pieces of cardboard and plywood 3 by 3 meters or similar pieces of plastic (5 pieces).

You will have to work hard:

• dig a pit with a volume of 3 * 3 * 3 m;
• fix the ground (using thin plywood or construction cardboard), if the plastic compound will not be installed, then pre-cover them with plastic wrap;
• install the plastic cover perfectly evenly inner surface and the bottom.

As a result, your creation will delight the eye for more than one year.

Raised pond

If the backyard area is already quite small, this is not a reason to deprive yourself of the pleasure of admiring the water composition. The base can be an ordinary old bathtub, the sides of which will be successfully masked by wood or stone. This design is not recommended for breeding fish, but it is ideal for aquatic plants and snails.

For ease of cleaning in the pond and masking white enamel, use black tape, securing its edges with decorative stones so that the bathtub is not visible at all.

Do-it-yourself pond in the garden photo: choosing plants for compositions

Without a doubt, a pond made with one’s own hand is a great achievement, but in order for a pond to catch the eye and have a rest, you should successfully select the vegetation.

Floating crops

The well-known water lily or nymphaea (lat.Nymphaea) occupies a key place in every garden pond. Many small-flowered and large-flowered varieties allow you to beautifully design a pond of any size.

For example, for a small pond, dwarf water lilies (Pygmaea Alba, N. tetragona, Marliacea Rosea) are most suitable, since they are able to visually increase the area. It is not advisable to plant other floating plants next to the nymphea, as well as erect a rockery or a fountain (spray can harm the leaves).

Swamp turkey (Hottonia palustris) and water buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis) will look very impressive on the water. These species are unpretentious, a piece of the shoot is enough for their reproduction, but they are not at all adapted to wintering under a layer of ice, therefore, during the cold season, the plants should be transferred to the basement.

Plants for shallow water

The peculiarities of the root system of amphibian crops make them most suitable for landscaping ornamental swamps, reservoirs located in low areas, as well as shallow waters. This group includes: iris, marsh marigold, manniks, arrowhead.

Coastal zone

The selection of a plant for framing a pond depends on the level of soil drainage and the depth of the groundwater. Heuchera (Heuchera), daylilies (Hemerocallis), bathers (Tróllius), Siberian iris (Íris sibírica), basil (Thalictrum) will take root on the gentle, damp shore. The variety of varieties and the most unusual color schemes make it possible to advantageously combine these aquatic plants.

The coastal zone, framed by rocky hills, involves the planting of drought-resistant, light-loving plants, such as saxifraga and juveniles (Sempervivum), as well as low-growing bells and cereals, edelweiss and phlox. When planting crops, it is necessary to regulate the layering of plantings: plant low-growing perennials at the top, in a kind of water plateau, and tall ones several levels lower.

Outcome

The Garden Pond is not just a water structure - it is a real architectural structure, the construction and arrangement of which will take a lot of time and effort. But thanks to our practical advice and instructions, creative process constructions and landscaping of the reservoir will bring a lot of pleasure.

One of the brightest tools in landscape design is the decorative pond. Of course, most of the suburban areas are limited to the traditional six hundred square meters, and the owners simply cannot build a large reservoir, but because of this, you should not give up the dream of acquiring an artificial pond. As for the technical part, it will not become an obstacle, but subject to the availability of good instructions and desire. So, today we will find out how to make a pond in the country with our own hands step by step.

First, you should find out what purpose the construction of a pond on the site will pursue. From this point of view, water bodies can be conditionally divided into four large groups.

Table # 1. Classification artificial reservoirs by functionality

Group name	Short description
	They are an element of the landscape composition and are intended primarily to decorate a particular area of ​​the garden. Active rest is not provided near such reservoirs.
	They are deeper and are often decorated with fountains, bridges, sometimes they are equipped with lighting. Such ponds are erected near a house or a gazebo, benches with awnings are placed next to it. Therefore, it is quite obvious that such reservoirs are the heart of the recreation area for residents of the house.
	This option is suitable not only for avid fishermen, but also for families with children - the latter will enjoy watching bright fish while relaxing in nature.
	They also belong to artificial summer cottages and not only perform an aesthetic function, but also provide an opportunity to freshen up or even swim (it all depends on the size).

Then, based on the goal and our capabilities, we proceed to the choice of style, location, size and shape.

Second phase. Determining the style

An artificial pond can be done in one of two possible options, and each of them also has a great variety of modifications.

Table 2. Artificial reservoir styles

Name	Short description
	This name exactly reflects the essence - these are designs that differ in clearly defined outlines. The geometry of the pond, which is correct in terms of geometry, is suitable for those areas that are decorated in the style of minimalism, high-tech, modern or classic. But, which is characteristic, the shape can be not only rectangular, but also square, round, oval, broken.
	They are more popular, because they are characterized by naturalness and irregular outlines of the banks, which means they seem to bring a person closer to nature. The shape of the reservoir here depends only on personal preference, but the more complex it is, the more difficult it will be to lay the film (more on this later).

The relief of the site also plays an important role in choosing a style. So, if the surface is sufficiently flat, then the shape of the pond can be any. If there are irregularities and drops on the site, then they need to be given special attention, but they make it possible to additionally equip a cascade or a waterfall. In addition, against the background of all this, an artificial slide, for example, will look great.

Also, the reservoir can be raised somewhat above the ground. In this case, the construction technology will differ only in the arrangement of the foundation, which will prevent possible distortions of the bowl.

When creating such a reservoir, earthwork is minimized, and it will be much easier to care for it.

Note! If the reservoir is to be built with a fountain, then preference should be given to a high construction.

Stage three. Choosing a place

To begin with, we place the reservoir in the most convenient place so that you can admire your creation from anywhere on the site. That is why, when choosing, we take into account several important factors.

1. Land area. Not only the size of the pond, but also its shape directly depends on it.
2. Illumination... It is preferable to place an artificial reservoir in a shaded place, in which the exposure to direct rays of the sun does not exceed five to six hours a day, otherwise part of the water may simply evaporate. Moreover, for sunlight biological activity can develop, which is unlikely to be able to decorate the pond. Therefore, having chosen a specific place on the site, we observe the solar regime for several days.
3. Relief... The shape of the pond depends on it, and it also simplifies the device. additional elements(e.g. fountains).
4. Groundwater level, soil composition. These indicators affect not only the depth of the reservoir, but also the complexity of the work and the need for additional consumables.

Note! The deeper the pond, the more illuminated it should be placed. If the reservoir is intended for fish, then we treat the location even more responsibly, since the oxygen content in highly heated water decreases.

1. Expandability... We do not forget about the perspective, therefore, on the one hand, we leave free space.
2. Visibility... It is advisable to arrange the reservoir so that it can be seen from home and recreation areas.
3. Power supply... If a fountain or lighting is additionally equipped, then we will think over electrification in advance. It is better to lay the wires even during development, moreover, underground and in a reliable protective corrugation. There should be small access hatches at the connections.
4. Reflection. The pond will look more attractive if the surface reflects the sky or beautiful buildings, and not some kind of utility structure.
5. Landscaping. The vegetation near the pond is, of course, beautiful, but the leaves will pollute it and form silt. Moreover, the root systems of trees can damage the waterproofing layer.
6. Compatible with general design and other objects.

We begin work in the spring - this way we will have enough time for the reservoir to "take root" on the site.

Stage four. Determine the size

It is difficult to say that a large pond will cost more than a small one, since there are many nuances here. Therefore, we will consider the key points.

1. Dimensions. They depend on the location of the reservoir. Many say that the pond should make up on average 3-10% of the total area of ​​the site, although there can be no clear recommendations in this case. As for specifically the length and width, they depend not only on the area of ​​the land plot, but also on our capabilities. After all, we will dig a hole under the reservoir by hand.

2. Depth. It depends on the purpose of creating a reservoir, as well as its size.

3. Difficulty of content. The larger the pond, the easier (no matter how paradoxical it may sound) to care for it.

4. Zoning. The reservoir is divided into the following zones:

• coastal (from 10 cm to 40 cm), which will serve as an entrance and for planting a plant;
• shallow water (from 40 cm to 100 cm), where crops that grow deeper will be planted (for example, a winter-hardy water lily);
• deep-sea (more than 100 cm) - it is required only in those reservoirs where fish farming is planned; the area of ​​this zone depends, first of all, on the number of fish, but on average it should be more than 20% of the total area of ​​the reservoir.

5. Biological balance. In any case, living creatures will settle in the pond, which means that it is necessary to provide such conditions so that it can self-clean. No oxygenation or chlorination of water is envisaged here. It is worth remembering: no more than ½ of the entire area can be allocated for plants.

Note! The lowest point should be lowered below the soil freezing line, especially if fish breeding is planned so that they can survive the winter in non-freezing water.

Fifth stage. Choosing materials

The next question to be dealt with is choice Supplies... On modern market There are many options that can be used to create an artificial reservoir. Let's consider them.

Concrete pond

The most expensive option, which, nevertheless, allows the reservoir to be exploited for a long time. Although the concrete fill is more suitable for the arrangement of the pool.

Finished plastic container

This option is more suitable. The form, made of fiberglass or PVC, allows you to build a pond in record time and use it for up to 30 years (the specific period depends on the quality of the container).

The procedure itself will consist of only four steps:

• digging a pit;
• set the form;
• fill the remaining voids with sand;
• we plant the plants, fill the reservoir with water.

The disadvantages of this method are the difficulty of transportation (if the volume is large) and the need for basic knowledge of installation (otherwise the bowl may be damaged). Moreover, plastic containers are destroyed over time by UV radiation.

Note! It is preferable to use a fiberglass bowl that is reinforced with rubber - this design is more reliable and repairable.

Polymer film

In terms of the shape of the pond, this option provides simply unlimited possibilities. The most affordable material is plastic wrap, although it will not last long.

A PVC film has a longer service life; with proper installation, it can last up to ten years.

Perhaps the most reliable option. For ponds with rocky bottom and great depth it is recommended to use a membrane made of butyl rubber (EPDM) with a service life of up to 50 years. In addition, this material is able to withstand repeated frost.

There are a few folk ways making a reservoir in which materials at hand are used. Let's take a look at the most popular of these methods.

Pond from the old bath

A great option, because a bathtub is a container that was originally intended to hold liquid. The bathtub can be painted in bright colors and placed in a picturesque corner of the site, or, alternatively, deepened into the ground.

Tire pond

A simple way to create a mini-reservoir on the site. The manufacturing procedure is shown in the photo below.

Basin pond

An even easier way. The basin is capable of holding water well, so it can be installed in the same way as a bath. With proper decoration, such a mini-pond will be an excellent decoration for the yard.

Note! The choice of material depends not only on the aesthetic characteristics of the pond, but also on its service life. It is desirable that the selected material is environmentally friendly.

Sixth stage. We prepare the equipment

To create a simple artificial reservoir, we need a level, a cart with a shovel, a cord, a hose that is used for watering, and pegs.

If the pond is more technologically advanced, then the following equipment will be needed:

• cleaning filter;
• a sterilizer (it will remove algae so that the water is clear);
• pump for pumping / pumping out water;
• aerator for oxygenation (especially important for fish breeding).

Seventh stage. Create an artificial reservoir

There are plenty of materials that can be used to create a reservoir, but we will focus on PVC film. The fact is that it is cheaper, it takes the desired shape better, it can be repaired, and it does not require specific knowledge or skills to work.

Step 1. First, select the color of the film. There are several possible options here.

1. Black film - it will turn the bottom into a mirror (plants, clouds, etc. will be reflected).
2. Cream, blue- so the pond will look more like a pool, and fish on a light background will be seen more clearly.
3. Brown- will imitate the soil of natural reservoirs. A great option for a landscape pond.

Also, when choosing a film, pay attention to the composition (PVC is more durable than PE) and thickness (for a pond, you will need material thicker than 0.5 mm). Moreover, the greater the depth of the reservoir, the greater the thickness of the film should be. Equally important is resistance to UV radiation and mechanical damage.

Note! If the depth of the pond exceeds 1.5 m, then we use butyl rubber. Such a film is resistant to stretching, deformation and UV, moreover, it can withstand temperatures of 40-80 ° C.

• pond width + (depth x 2) + stock (55-60 cm) = material width;
• pond length + (depth x 2) + stock (55-60 cm) = material length.

For gluing we will use a special glue (for example, "Tagnit") or adhesive tape (Quick Seam 3).

Step 3. The next step is to create the schema.

First, we draw it on paper, and then we transfer it to the ground. We indicate the sizes of steps or "shelves" for plants - this will avoid possible problems. For marking we use sand or a flexible garden hose (preferably a bright color).

After that, we cover the marked area with a piece of light film and examine it from different angles. We make adjustments if necessary.

Step 4... We dig a foundation pit. To do this, we perform the following actions.

1. First, remove the sod.
2. Then we dig the foundation pit itself. At the same time, we move from the edges to the center, going deeper in the required places - it is more convenient this way. For laying out the stone and decorating, we equip a ledge with a depth of 60-70 cm.
3. We remove the soil, and with it roots, stones, debris and everything that can damage the film. By the way, you can make an alpine slide from the excavated soil.

When carrying out earthworks, we pay attention to the fact that the shores of the future pond are located on the same line. If a waterfall is created, then we maintain the required height difference.

Note! If a large level is required, we can make it ourselves. To do this, we put the usual level on a long flat board.

Step 5. We lay the substrate. We carefully tamp the bottom of the finished pit, after which we proceed to the waterproofing layer, which will prevent the penetration of water into the ground.

The underlay can be done in several ways:

• we cover the bottom with stones and fill it with sand (this kind of waterproofing will lose its properties after a few years);
• we lay a layer of geotextile, which we cover with sand (it will cost a lot);
• we lay PVC film (most reliable way, so let's dwell on it).

Step 6. Next, we lay the film, preferably on a sandy "pillow" (the latter will prevent damage from stones and other dangerous items). It is advisable to do styling on a hot day - as it warms up, the film becomes more pliable.

In this case, it may be difficult to form folds. We try to make one large fold, and not a large number of small ones, and then glue it or press it down with stones. The film should be loose, loose.

To secure it, we dig an additional trench along the perimeter. We put the film there, after which we fill in the crushed stone. Next, fill the trench with large stones with a flat bottom (so that the film does not break). We lay the walls with round stones (flat ones will slide). At the end, we fill the pond with water - we serve it without pressure, directing it to the center of the pit. After two days, cut off the excess film.

Step 7... Strengthening the shores. Their slope depends on the type of soil: if it is sandy, then the walls should be sloped, if we are talking about clay or black soil, then vertical. The optimum slope angle should be approximately 45 °.

The fortification itself depends on the type of coast.

If they are shallow, then you can use:

• geomat;
• geogrid;
• polymer geogrid.

You can also use a regular mesh netting, clogging its cells with soil with seeds of perennial grass (for example, clover). There is another option - to strengthen the banks with shrubs or plants.

If the coast is steep, then we can use:

• piles;
• gabions;
• retaining walls.

Can be effectively strengthened using biological methods (planting). Ideally, biological enhancement methods should be combined with engineering ones.

Eighth stage. We design an artificial pond

There are several ways to decorate a pond. To make it a full-fledged design element, we use one or more of the methods below.

As a conclusion. Care features

As a result, a few words about the further care of the artificial reservoir.

Video - Creating a pond from film

Let the dacha be a place where work comes first, and then rest, we do not forget about the beauty that helps us not to lose heart and enjoy every day spent there. Therefore, today we invite you to feel like landscape designers and build a pond in the country with your own hands.

DIY pond rules and material requirements

A pond in the country is not a luxury, but in some way even a necessity. As the ancient philosophy of feng shui says - water near the house brings financial well-being and soothes.

In addition, it allows you to maintain the relative humidity in a given area, pleases the eye and allows you to create original solution in the designated area. Therefore, more and more summer residents create ponds and ponds with their own hands, as in the photo.

Not everyone on the territory has a reservoir that can be put in order, surrounded by a stone and made an element of the landscape. More often, we create a pond in the country with our own hands from scratch, faced with many issues that have to be resolved during construction.

Let's start with the fact that it is necessary to determine the location of the reservoir. For this the following factors should be considered:

• relief of the territory;
• arrangement of trees and other plants with a powerful root system, as well as foliage;
• illumination of the selected area.

Study the terrain carefully. You may already have well-placed depressions, pits, or ditches that you made earlier. All of them will make it easier for you to dig out the pond itself.

In addition, do not forget that plants tend to grow and occupy everything underground. more space... Over time, the roots can spoil or even destroy the bottom of your pond, and the foliage, falling into the water seasonally, will rot and ooze bad smell... Which will require you to pay more attention to the care of the pond, but not the joy of having it. Therefore, before you start digging, it is worth considering how far the trees and bushes are.

Most landscape designers recommend placing a pond near your home. This will make it easier for you to illuminate it without requiring separate lights and lamps. In addition, there is always enough free space near the house with natural light, because not near tall trees and dense vegetation blocking the light.

If you have found a place suitable for the above requirements, then you can start work.

But first, you should stock up on materials and an approximate project of your future artificial reservoir.

Exists several ways to create a pond do it yourself in the summer cottage:

• from a finished bowl;
• made of PVC film, polyethylene or rubber;
• with the help of materials at hand.

Besides besides materials for the bottom device, you will need:

• shovel,
• measuring instruments,
• finishing and decorative materials,
• water.

After creating a pond, you can launch fish there. But then the depth of your artificial reservoir should be at least a meter so that the fish do not freeze in winter.

The order of work on the arrangement of the pond

If you decide to arrange the landscape, choose a place and think about the appearance of your future pond, then first decide main question- what will it be? Will you choose a ready-made bowl or cover the excavated pit with foil? It's up to you to decide. And we will help you create it according to all the rules.

We dig in the finished bowl

The finished mold, cast at the factory, is an excellent and simple solution for those who want to enjoy a charming and tranquil view of the pond after a busy summer day.

Now in specialized stores they offer bowls different sizes, type and content. They can be:

• simple plastic trays;
• containers with several depth levels;
• bowls with complex contours of the shore.

Therefore, everyone will be able to choose the shape that is most suitable for the territory and landscape without extra costs by time.

In addition, there are others advantages of ready-made bowls:

• the plastic form is durable and not affected by ultraviolet radiation;
• the bowl is non-toxic and easy to install;
• the average shelf life of this form is tens of years, which makes the pond durable and of high quality.

The main thing is not to damage the bowl while installing it in the future pond. The form cannot be repaired or restored. However, if you build for centuries, then you can pick up a fiberglass bowl, it is famous for its durability and lasts 2-3 times longer.

So, you have chosen a bowl, found a suitable place, cleared it and are ready to create a pond with your own hands in the country. What's next?

First you need to transfer the contours of the bowl to the ground so that it fits exactly into the dug pit. To do this, you need:

• bowl;
• pegs;
• shovel;
• rope.

To make the contour as similar as possible to the shape of the bowl, you need to install it on the ground and retreat 10-20 cm from its edge. Following the shape of the bowl, stick the pegs into the ground and pull the rope along them.

So you get the outlines of your future pond, under which you need to dig a pit 20-30 cm more than the height of the bowl.

Remember to keep an eye on the upper level. It is very important that the surface of your pit is level, otherwise the ground around the pond will be wet and sticky all the time, spoiling the appearance of the shore.

When you have achieved the desired depth and shape, be sure to sprinkle everything with sand and tamp it thoroughly. This sand cushion will be the foundation for your pond. After that you can place the mold and fill up with sand the free space between the side of the bowl and the ground.

When your future pond gains stability, you can start filling and decorating it.

You can lay a decorative stone on the shore, plant water lilies or other water-loving plants along it. Install small swan figurines or other handmade ones.

Making a film pond

If for some reason you do not want or cannot buy a ready-made bowl, then you can always make a pond with your own hands without it.

It is enough to stock up on:

• Shovel;
• a rope or hose to outline the contour of the future pond;
• thick film.

The rest (water, decorative items and figurines) you will need later, when it is finished main stage- creation of a foundation pit for a pond.

As with creating a pond with a ready-made bowl, first you need to decide on the size of the future reservoir and its outline. Then apply its borders to the ground using a rope or hose, which can simply be laid along the drawn border, or you can wrap it around the driven pegs.

When you are convinced that you like the shape and approximate appearance of the future pond, you can start digging. Here, the process will always be the same, because we just need a foundation pit.

The level of the pond should be the same. Therefore, check the evenness of the banks using building level or a bar laid on both sides of the pit.

When you reach the desired depth, cover the bottom with sand, compact it well, and then lay it with geotextiles so that the film does not tear over time. To do this, you can use a special material sold in hardware stores, or you can do it yourself. Take, for example, old carpets, rugs, roofing felt or linoleum, suitable for the area dug.

Now that the bottom is ready, measure your future pond and calculate the size of the film you need to create it. Usually for this it is enough to know the area of ​​the pit and its depth. Then add an allowance of 50 cm on each side to strengthen the film along the bank. And you can already go shopping.

The film must be very strong and dense in order to withstand the weight of the water that we eventually pour into the pond. Therefore, do not skimp on this paramount material and choose it wisely - the film thickness should be at least 300 microns so as not to tear under constant pressure.

So, barely the film is laid out on the bottom:

1. Flatten it so that there are no folds and swellings.
2. Stones along the shore so that when filling it does not collect at the bottom.
3. Prepare the plants if you want a pond with water lilies or other living decor.

The trick on how to arrange plants and flowers in a film pond will be shared with us Maxim Maximov in his master class:

The film pond is quite economical and allows us to create it of any shape and depth, which is impossible to do with a finished mold, cast at the factory. That is why many people choose this option to create their own reservoir in the country with their own hands.

But do not forget that the deeper you want to make the pond, the more likely it is that the shore can crumble. That is why we recommend that you strengthen its walls after the foundation pit is dug. Depending on their height, you can use tiles or slate. And how best to do it, he will tell us Talla Khukhrianskaia in his master class:

When all technical moments resolved, the pit can be filled with water. To do this, just throw a hose connected to the water supply into it.

In addition to the stone, which has an important function and keeps the film on the shore, you can put decorative figurines, flower pots and handicrafts made by you for giving with your own hands. Decorate the pond to reflect your creative nature and pleasing to the eye.

Do not get carried away with the decor, because periodically the pond needs to be cleaned so that the water does not fade in it and does not turn the beautiful summer cottage into a large puddle. And for this, be sure to leave a place on the shore so that you can go to the pond. Better yet, provide a stream that will drain the water.

We create a pond in the country from scrap materials

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to find the right and high-quality building materials, but if the desire to create a pond with your own hands does not go anywhere, do not despair. Simple improvised materials will also come to the rescue, which are enough for any summer resident.

A pond can be made from a variety of things:

• from an old car tire;
• from an old bathtub left over after renovation;
• from a barrel, basin or bucket.

Bath pond ...

... from old tires ...

... and from the old barrel

If you really want to create an extraordinary and original reservoir, then the lack of capacity will not stop you.

We use old containers

As we said, a pond can even be made from an old bath. Indeed, in fact, it is no worse than the finished form.

The process of creating such a pond will be similar to the previous ones:

• dig a pit under the shape;
• cover it with sand and make a cement screed;
• insert a bath;
• fill with water.

Due to its weight, the bathtub will sag strongly in the pit, which is why it is recommended to tighten its bottom with cement - to strengthen it. So that over time the pond does not go deeper.

Also, spare sand and earth to stabilize the tub inside the excavation. For a snug fit of our handy bowl to the banks, fill in all the voids.

And do not leave the side of the bathtub open, it will not look aesthetically pleasing and spoil the appearance of the future artificial reservoir.

And how to dig in a bath and arrange it in a pond with your own hands will clearly show and tell Vitaly KIY in his video tutorial:

However, if your summer cottage is not so large as to have a full-fledged pond on it, do not be discouraged - a pond with your own hands in the country can be made from small containers, as in the photo.

Take an old metal or wooden bowl, small barrel, or tub. All of them can become an original decorative reservoir, which does not even have to be submerged below ground level.

Have small pond from an old basin there are many advantages, so do not deny yourself the joy of creating a modest artificial reservoir if the area of ​​the site does not allow more:

• does not require excessive costs - everything you need for its device is at hand;
• it will take a little time to equip it - from a few minutes to a couple of hours, but not a day or more;
• it can be positioned anywhere;
• if you installed the pond on the surface, and did not dug it in, then it can always be rearranged to another place by simply pouring out the water and refilling it after carrying it;
• it does not require special attention to care - it is enough to change the water from time to time and wash it from the inside to keep the bottom clean.

Ponds from a basin or small barrel can be placed on a hardened, level surface, filled with water and decorated with decorative figures or flowers.

But if your basin has long lost its decent appearance and there is no way to return it to its former gloss, then just dig a small pit for its size, install it there according to the principle of an old bathtub and overlay it with pebbles along the shore.

As you can see, old containers allow us to fantasize and create incredible ponds with our own hands in a dacha of any area. And it helps us to realize our creativity.

Pond to the dacha from the tire

However, if repairs in the apartment are not planned, and the old basins have long been leaking or turned into flower beds, do not despair, you still have a chance to acquire your own pond.

And this will require the most irreplaceable and available material – car tire... Tires in modern dacha society have long turned into a universal substitute for building materials.

And nothing surprising - the strength and shape of the tire allows you to make anything out of it, including a pond. And the size of the future reservoir will depend only on the size of the tire you choose.

First you need to prepare your future container - cut it along the top edge so that only the sides remain. To do this, you will need a jigsaw or a sharp knife (if you have chosen a tire from a car).

After that, you can move on to the pond itself.

Installation steps:

1. Contour the tire and dig a pit along the height of the prepared bowl.
2. Cover the pit with sand and tamp the bottom.
3. Insert the tire inside.
4. Cover the cover and bottom of the future pond with a thick film.
5. Fill the edges of the film with sand, and then decorate with turf, stone or embankment so that the film is well fixed.
6. Fill the pond with water and decorate with pre-planned décor.

Your tire pond is ready. And it will not be inferior in beauty to either ready-made bowls or large film ponds located over large areas.

In addition, it is easier to care for and maintain its cleanliness, and it does not require a lot of water or effort to equip it.

As you can see, if you have long wanted to feel like a landscape designer in order to turn the cottage into a beautiful resting place, where you can not only work, but also enjoy nature away from the noisy city, you can always create a pond with your own hands at no extra cost.

If you like our ideas, read other articles in the series!

Decorating a summer cottage with a decorative pond is a good solution. Particularly pleasing is the cool reservoir in the summer heat. Even a small pond in the country can be equipped with a fountain or a waterfall, planted plants and flowers, ennobled with stones and put chairs or benches next to it. It will make a wonderful recreation area. Any summer resident can do this beauty with his own hands in 1-2 days without significant financial costs.

What can be used to make a decorative pond

There are a lot of materials for the manufacture of garden reservoirs. You can choose more expensive ones and build an impressive deep lake, or you can find scrap materials for free and make a small decorative pond.

From the tire

Old used tires from heavy construction machines or tractors can be bought for a penny or found for free. According to its properties, the rubber from which they are made perfectly withstands seasonal temperature changes from frost to heat and does not allow water to pass through. This material has a long service life and a ready-made perfectly round shape. You can find this material at tire shops or car companies.

Tires can be used to make a multi-level pond with a small "waterfall"

From the old bath

A tub made of cast iron, steel or acrylic that has served its life has an oval or angular shape and a shallow depth, just suitable for a summer cottage. If the color of the enamel does not suit you, you can paint the bath in a blue shade for an effect pure water or brown to match the color of the soil.

If you cover the bath with stones, no one will guess what the pond is made of.

From a plastic container

Special ready-made plastic containers are sold for creating reservoirs of various sizes and depths. These bowls can be of very different configurations with steps and separate zones of shallow water and deepening. Durable material will withstand all loads and will serve long years... A wide range of colors allows you to choose a bowl for every taste. For the winter, there is no need to drain the water and dismantle the pond.

Blue and light blue containers look more positive than black ones.

PVC foil

Flexible roll-on waterproofing materials and pool membranes are excellent for creating a complex multi-stage reservoir due to their flexibility and softness. PVC film is the most affordable of all produced. Only polyethylene is cheaper, but it quickly collapses under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, it will have to be laid in 2-3 layers. It is recommended to use polyethylene film in this capacity only for temporary structures.

Springs of any shape and size can be made from PVC film.

Other

Butyl rubber membrane for swimming pools costs a lot, but it is specially designed for waterproofing, does not freeze, does not rot. The service life of this film is 50 years, it is capable of tenfold stretching under significant loads without the risk of breaking.

A monolithic concrete bowl is considered the strongest and most durable, you can walk on it freely if you need to clean the bottom or transplant pond plants. It will take more time to create such a pool due to the curing time and strength of the material. Additional costs for reinforcement and drainage will pay off with interest, especially in the case of a large-sized reservoir.

A pond made of a monolithic concrete bowl is more practical and more effective than others

Choosing a place for a reservoir at a summer cottage

In the process of design and design ideas, it is important to determine a good place to place the future pond and the adjacent recreation area. Small volumes of water heat up quickly in the sun and are best placed in the shade. The sun's rays should not hit the surface for more than 6 hours a day. In the shade, the water will not overheat and biological pollution will take place more slowly. On hot summer days, evaporation from the surface of a small pond can reach 5 cm, which is dangerous for animals and plants.

The surface of the water is polluted by foliage and fruits fallen from trees, and the growing root system can damage the waterproofing layer. Therefore, it is better to place the bowl away from deciduous and fruit trees and shrubs.

Choosing plants for a pond in the garden

A bare pond without plants does not look aesthetically pleasing, it does not look like a real natural reservoir. You should choose suitable plants that naturally live near ponds and lakes, in swamps. They are classified into three groups:

• floating in water;
• immersed in water;
• coastal.

The first group includes free-floating plants that are not fixed by the root system in the bottom soil. The depth of the reservoir is not important for them. The following plants are popular in this group:

• eichornia ( water hyacinth) - perennial, with large blue flowers and leaves immersed in water;
• pistia (water rose) - has light green rosettes of leaves, similar to roses;
• Vodokras is recommended to be planted in small ponds, this plant with small white flowers and round leaves floats in the water, and in autumn its foliage dies off.

A healthy microclimate is formed in water protected from overheating by large floating leaves

Submerged in water and growing on the bottom in the ground, in a special container or pot, crops are included in the second group. The following plants are popular:

• The water lily is one of the most beautiful and popular aquatic plants. Water lilies are planted in pots, which are placed at the bottom of the pond. Water lily flowers are white, pink and yellow;
• hornwort is an oxygen generator, it floats in the water column and contributes to the natural preservation of the pond's purity and oxygenation;
• arrowhead got its name from the shape of the leaves, it is planted to a depth of about 10 cm.

Coastal plants are planted around the reservoir, they grow well in waterlogged soil, decorate and shade the coastal area. Popular plants:

• calamus - tall grass with sharp arrow-shaped leaves, an excellent companion for flowering crops;
• marsh marigold - unpretentious bushes with a scattering of small yellow flowers;
• swamp iris looks like garden varieties, It has yellow flowers, grows along the banks of rivers and lakes in large bushes.

Swamp iris can become the main accent in the composition of a summer cottage

How to build an artificial pond in the country with your own hands

This garden decoration is easy to make yourself, and you don't need to spend a lot of money on it. If you follow the technology exactly and find the necessary materials at hand, prepare the tool, then in a couple of days you will be able to admire your creation - a beautiful pond. The large plunge pool will be ready in 2 weeks due to more careful preparation of the base.

From a plastic container

Polypropylene, polyethylene or fiberglass bowls are available in various depths and shapes. The most popular is the irregularly rounded configuration imitating a natural body of water. To install the container, you will need the following materials and tools:

• tape measure, pegs and string for marking;
• shovel;
• level;
• sand and gravel, water, cement;
• fittings.

Designing an object includes a sketch on the site plan, a drawing with the placement of boulders, plants, technical communications. There is ready-made schemes and design options for a country pond.

Installation of a bowl for a decorative pond

Depending on the planned purpose of the pond, you can buy a container of the required dimensions. If the reservoir will perform a purely decorative function, then it is recommended to make it multi-stage, shallow and small. For breeding ornamental fish and amphibians, you should choose a bowl with a central area deeper than the freezing point so that the living creatures can overwinter.

A small fountain will decorate any summer pond

Before placing a small plastic bowl in your chosen location, you need to prepare the base by making a sand cushion. This requires:

If a container of impressive size is purchased, then sand pillow not enough, a concrete base will be required. This requires:

1. Mark out the outlines of the sides of the bowl, sprinkling the outline with sand. Drive in pegs at a distance of 15 cm from the sand line to mark the edge of the pit.
2. Remove grass, turf and stones from the surface.
3. Dig a hole 30 cm deep more than the height of the reservoir.
4. Align and compact the bottom and cover it with 5 cm of sand.
5. Pour a 10 cm layer of medium-grain crushed stone on top, lay a reinforcing mesh and pour concrete mortar 5-7 cm thick. The cushion hardening time is approximately 2 weeks.

The bottom of the future pond must be flat

Installation of the bowl on the base takes place in several steps:

1. Pour 1/3 of the volume of water, pour wet sand into the intervals between the bowl and the walls of the pit, tamp it.
2. Gradually add water and pour sand into the pit until the entire container is dug into the ground.
3. After 2 days, the sand will settle and the mold will firmly sit in place.

Now you can mount the technical part: fountains, additional equipment, pipes, filters. An excellent option for a summer pond would be a floating fountain, which simultaneously serves as a filter and saturates the water with oxygen. Such a model will not only decorate the pond, but also clean it, ensure the health of fish and coastal plants. Installation is done like this:

After execution technical works you can start decorating and planting plants:

PVC film

The best choice for price and durability roll material to create a pond is PVC film... For installation you will need:

• PVC film with a margin of 50 cm in width on each side;
• roulette, level;
• shovel, rake;
• film welding machine or construction hair dryer with a nozzle;
• sand, water.

When designing film structures, you can show more imagination and come up with complex shape... A flexible and soft membrane will allow you to embody your design idea. The stepped structure will allow you to plant plants or enter the bathing water. To begin with, you need to make an accurate drawing to scale and a sketch with design and decor options.

A waterfall will fit well into the structure of the pond

The base should be as flat as possible, clean and free from sharp stones and clods of earth. A sand cushion is enough.

Stages of work:

Now you can lay tiles or stone that can be held together cement mortar, decorate the pond with boulders and coastal plants, which are placed in pots on submerged steps close to the surface of the water or in the ground in the coastal area around boulders. Floating oxygen-generating cultures saturate the water with oxygen, water lilies and lotuses will decorate the surface with magnificent flowers.

Light shades of the film will allow you to better see fish and plants, and dark ones will create a complete imitation of real bottom soil.

You can decorate a pond with a dark base with plants and decorative figures.

Floating filters and UV lights will help the water stay cleaner for longer. Snails will clear the walls of plaque, frogs and fish will reduce the number of mosquitoes and other harmful insects.

From the tire

Having available materials at hand, for example, old tires, you can equip a pond absolutely free of charge in one day. The round shape is predefined. An interesting version of this design consists of three tires different diameters that are installed at different heights. It turns out a natural cascading three-stage waterfall.

To work with rubber you need to prepare:

• shovel;
• level;
• waterproofing film;
• knife with a metal blade;
• sealant;
• sand and crushed stone;
• stones and plants for decoration.

When designing, it should be borne in mind that the tire can be dug into the ground completely or only up to half the height, or it can even be placed on the surface. Frost resistance and durability of rubber will allow you to leave the pond in its place for the winter. The largest diameter 3m and a height of 1m are tires of the Belarus tractor or rubber from BelAZ equipment. You can even swim in such a pond.

Several separate ponds do not need to be combined - the composition will turn out to be harmonious from several tires of different sizes

Substrate preparation:

1. Mark the area by placing and tracing the tire around. Remove sod and plants.
2. Dig a pit, expanding it by 15 cm from the size of the tire and deepening it to the height of the tire plus 15–20 cm.
3. Remove stones, clods of earth and debris, level the bottom of the site, tamp it. A layer of geotextile can be laid to stabilize the soil and prevent weeds and tree roots from growing.
4. Pour a layer of 10 cm of crushed stone and 5 cm of sand, spill with water and tamp, check the level.
5. This point is carried out if it is decided to make a concrete platform for the reservoir. A lattice of reinforcement or a reinforcing mesh is laid on top of the sand cushion and poured with concrete mortar 7 cm thick. plastic wrap and wait for the screed to dry after about 2 weeks.

The base is ready, and now you can start installing and decorating the summer cottage. The work includes the following stages:

A wonderful ensemble with a reservoir will turn out if you arrange a small alpine slide nearby. Pour a hill of soil, tamp it a little and give it the desired shape, then lay out picturesquely with stones. You can use driftwood, old ceramic pots and vases. Plant unpretentious, creeping plants in the ground between the stones, and moisture-loving crops closer to the water. Over time, the plants will grow, and the slide will take on a wild natural look.

Video: do-it-yourself small pond with a fountain

Arrangement ideas

The style of the reservoir should be in harmony with the general style of the entire suburban area, garden. On a small estate, a pond can be made a central decoration and a recreation area for the whole family can be arranged around it. There are many landscape design ideas - everyone will find the perfect one for themselves.

leaves and debris should be regularly collected from the surface with a special long-handled net. If finances permit, for medium and large volumes it is advisable to buy a skimmer - a floating filter that collects debris from the surface and purifies the water;

after wintering, you should inspect the integrity of the bowl, the performance of the pump and filter, wiring, remove the remnants of ice, fix the rickety stones and decor, check how the fish overwintered in the deep part of the pond;

During the winter, a lot of debris and dirt accumulates on the bottom and walls, so you need to pump out almost all the water, leaving a little in the fish pit, temporarily transplant small animals into another container and clean the bottom and walls of the pond. Change the water completely in shallow bowls;

overwintered plants should be transplanted into large pots, removed dead parts, and fed. The soil must be clayey and heavy;

in summer, evaporation and overheating of water can be a major problem. It is necessary to monitor the level and add water in a timely manner. The easiest way to do this is with a hose;

so that the pond is not overgrown with duckweed and mud, other weeds, they should be removed, remove the remnants of fish food, debris and rotten fruits that have fallen into the water;

for a successful wintering, fish in the fall require enhanced nutrition and a wintering pit with non-freezing water. For large reservoirs and with sufficient financial resources, it is recommended to install a winter water heating system in order to make the temperature in the reservoir comfortable for the wintering of exotic fish and animals. If there are no such conditions, it is better to move the fish to an aquarium for the winter. The water from the small pond must be drained completely, and the plants must be cut and covered, or taken to the basement.

Observing simple rules care and attention to animals and plants, you can create a wonderful corner of freshness and coolness, which will become a favorite vacation spot for the whole family. The construction does not require a lot of time and money, and the result will be impressive.