Efficiency heating system an apartment or a private house depends not only on the power of heat sources. Correct installation heating radiators will reduce the cost of heating the room, make it more productive and improve the microclimate.

Regardless of which system you use, or, autonomous or centralized, where the radiator will stand - in an apartment or house, the rules for installing heating batteries are the same. There are three options for the location of the radiators:

Types of heating systems

There are three options for radiator connection systems - serial, one-pipe, two-pipe and collector (parallel). They differ in the wiring diagram. Depending on which system is installed, it is necessary to select the type of batteries. It is important to remember that improper connection of heating radiators leads to a decrease.

Correct installation of heating radiators in a niche

It happens that in apartment buildings a niche for old cast iron radiators... This method of installing radiators is ineffective, but sometimes there are no other options. Therefore, we will consider it as well.

• The distance between the side and rear walls of the niche to the radiator must be at least 5 cm.
• Air access from below should not be difficult, as well as its exit from above. The distance from the bottom and top of the radiator to the walls must be more than 10 cm.

Decorative grille should promote convection. An overlay made of diagonal strips works best. It is better not to cover the gap in the lower part of the radiator with a grill in order to ensure optimal air convection.

If the niche is made in a parapet located along the wall, it is better to close its upper part with a decorative lattice, and not with a solid overlay.

The battery in the niche under the window should be located so that there is a distance to the window sill. It should be twice as much as the window sill protrudes from the wall. For example, if the window sill extends 15 cm beyond the wall, the distance from it to the niche should be 10 cm.

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The radiator in the niche under the window must be positioned so as to ensure good air convection. There should be at least 10 cm between its top and the edge of the niche.

How to properly install the battery under the window

The biggest heat losses occur through the windows. Therefore, the correct installation of the battery under the window is especially important.

• The radiator must be located exactly in the middle of the window - this is how it will cut off cold air and will not let it spread throughout the apartment.
• The height of the radiator installation from the floor should be 5-10 cm. If the gap is larger, a layer of cold air will form. If less, it will be difficult to clean under the battery.
• The distance from the wall should be at least 5 cm so as not to impede air convection. Otherwise, the battery will heat the wall of the building, not the room.

If the radiator is equipped with air cutters (see photo), the distance from it to the window sill should be more than 5 cm. If the window sill is wide and protrudes beyond the radiator, for every 1 cm of this difference, add 2 cm to the gap between it and the battery.

For radiators without an air cut-off, the minimum distance to the window sill is 10 cm plus 3 cm for every 1 cm of projection. Installing heating radiators under the window close to the window sill will prevent air convection. And this will lead to a decrease in heat transfer.

The device or reconstruction of the heating system implies installation or replacement heating appliances... The good news is that if you want, you can do it yourself without involving specialists. How the installation of heating radiators should take place, where and how to place them, what is needed to carry out the work - all this is in the article.

What is needed for installation

Installation of heating radiators of any type requires devices and Supplies... Kit necessary materials almost the same, but for cast iron batteries, for example, plugs go big size, and the Mayevsky valve is not installed, but, somewhere at the highest point of the system, an automatic air vent is installed. But the installation of aluminum and bimetallic heating radiators is absolutely the same.

Steel panel ones also have some differences, but only in terms of hanging - brackets are included with them, and on the rear panel there are special bows cast from metal, with which the heater clings to the hooks of the brackets.

Mayevsky crane or automatic air vent

This is a small venting device for air that can accumulate in the radiator. Placed on a free top outlet (collector). Must be on every heating device when installing aluminum and bimetallic radiators... The size of this device is much less than the diameter of the collector, so an adapter is also required, but Mayevsky taps are usually supplied with adapters, you just need to know the diameter of the collector (connecting dimensions).

In addition to the Mayevsky crane, there are also automatic air vents. They can also be placed on radiators, but they are slightly larger and for some reason are only available in a brass or nickel-plated case. Not in white enamel. In general, the picture turns out to be unattractive and, although they deflate automatically, they are rarely put on.

Plug

The radiator has four outputs with side connection. Two of them are occupied by the supply and return pipelines, on the third a Mayevsky crane is being installed. The fourth entrance is closed with a plug. She, like most modern batteries, is most often painted with white enamel and does not spoil the appearance at all.

Shut-off valves

You will need two more ball valves or shut-off valves with the ability to adjust. They are placed on each input and output battery. If these are ordinary ball valves, they are needed so that, if necessary, you can turn off the radiator and remove it (emergency repair, replacement during the heating season). In this case, even if something happened to the radiator, you will cut it off, and the rest of the system will work. The plus of this solution is the low price of ball valves, the minus is the impossibility of adjusting the heat transfer.

Almost the same tasks, but with the ability to change the intensity of the coolant flow, are performed by shut-off control valves. They are more expensive, but they also allow you to adjust the heat transfer (to make it less), and they look better outwardly, they are available in a straight and angular design, so the strapping itself is more accurate.

If desired, it is possible to supply the coolant after ball valve put a thermostat. This is a relatively small device that allows you to change the heat transfer of the heater. If the radiator does not heat well, you cannot put them on - it will be even worse, since they can only make less flow. There are different thermostats for batteries - automatic electronic, but more often they use the simplest - mechanical.

Related materials and tools

You will also need hooks or brackets for hanging on walls. Their number depends on the size of the batteries:

• if the sections are no more than 8 or the length of the radiator is no more than 1.2 m, two attachment points at the top and one at the bottom are sufficient;
• for every next 50 cm or 5-6 sections add one fastener at the top and bottom.

So you need fum tape or linen roll, plumbing paste to seal the joints. You will also need a drill with drills, a level (a level is better, but a regular bubble level is also suitable), a certain number of dowels. You will also need equipment for connecting pipes and fittings, but it depends on the type of pipes. That's all.

Where and how to place

Traditionally, heating radiators are installed under the window. This is necessary in order for the rising warm air cut off the cold from the window. To prevent the glass from sweating, the width of the heater must be at least 70-75% of the window width. It must be installed:

How to install correctly

Now how to hang a radiator. It is highly desirable that the wall behind the radiator is level - it is easier to work this way. The middle of the opening is marked on the wall, a horizontal line is drawn 10-12 cm below the window sill line. This is the line along which the upper edge of the heater is aligned. The brackets must be installed so that the top edge coincides with the drawn line, that is, it is horizontal. This arrangement is suitable for heating systems with forced circulation(if there is a pump) or for apartments. For systems with natural circulation make a slight slope - 1-1.5% - along the coolant. You can't do more - there will be stagnation.

Wall mount

This must be taken into account when installing hooks or brackets for heating radiators. Hooks are installed as dowels - a hole of a suitable diameter is drilled in the wall, a plastic dowel is installed in it, and the hook is screwed into it. The distance from the wall to the heater can be easily adjusted by twisting and unscrewing the hook body.

Cast iron battery hooks are thicker. This is a fastener for aluminum and bimetallic

When installing hooks under heating radiators, keep in mind that the main load falls on the upper fasteners. The lower one serves only for fixing in a given position relative to the wall and is installed 1-1.5 cm lower than the lower collector. V otherwise you simply cannot hang the radiator.

When installing the brackets, they are applied to the wall in the place where they will be mounted. To do this, first attach the battery to the installation site, see where the bracket will "fit", mark the place on the wall. With the battery down, you can attach the bracket to the wall and mark the location of the fasteners on it. In these places, holes are drilled, dowels are inserted, the bracket is screwed onto the screws. Having installed all the fasteners, the heating device is hung on them.

Fixing to the floor

Not all walls can hold even light ones aluminum batteries... If the walls are made of or sheathed with plasterboard, it is required floor installation... Some types of cast iron and steel radiators go straight away on legs, but they do not suit everyone in appearance or characteristics.

Possible floor installation of aluminum and bimetallic radiators. There are special brackets for them. They are fixed to the floor, then the heating device is installed, the lower collector is fixed with an arc on the installed legs. There are similar legs with adjustable height, there are fixed ones. The method of fastening to the floor is standard - with nails or dowels, depending on the material.

Options for piping heating radiators

The installation of heating radiators implies their connection to pipelines. There are three main ways to connect:

• saddle;
• one-sided;
• diagonal.

If you install radiators and bottom connection, you have no choice. Each manufacturer rigidly binds the supply and return, and its recommendations must be strictly followed, since otherwise you simply will not get heat. There are more options with side connection ().

Strapping with one-way connection

One-way connection is most often used in apartments. It can be two-pipe or one-pipe (most frequent option). Apartments still use metal pipes, therefore, consider the option of piping the radiator steel pipes on the drives. In addition to pipes of a suitable diameter, two ball valves, two tees and two squeegees are needed - parts with external thread at both ends.

All this connects as shown in the photo. At one-pipe system a bypass is required - it allows you to turn off the radiator without stopping or lowering the system. You cannot put a crane on the bypass - you will block the movement of the coolant along the riser with it, which is unlikely to please your neighbors and, most likely, you will be fined.

All threaded connections are sealed with fum tape or linen tape, on top of which packing paste is applied. When screwing the tap into the radiator manifold, a lot of winding is not required. Too much of it can lead to the appearance of microcracks and subsequent destruction. This is true for almost all types of heating devices, except for cast iron. When installing all the rest, please, no fanaticism.

If you have the skills / ability to use welding, you can weld the bypass. This is how the piping of radiators in apartments usually looks.

At two-pipe system no bypass needed. The supply is connected to the upper input, the return is connected to the lower one, taps, of course, are needed.

At bottom wiring(pipes are laid on the floor) this type of connection is done very rarely - it turns out to be inconvenient and ugly, it is much better in this case to use a diagonal connection.

Strapping for diagonal connection

Installation of heating radiators with diagonal connection- most the best option in terms of heat transfer. She is the highest in this case. At the bottom wiring given type connection is easy to implement (example in the photo) - supply from one side at the top, return flow from the other at the bottom.

One-pipe system with vertical risers(in apartments) doesn't look so good, but people put up because of the higher efficiency.

Note that with a one-pipe system, a bypass is again required.

Saddle connection

With bottom wiring or hidden piping, installing heating radiators in this way is the most convenient and most inconspicuous.

With saddle connection and bottom one-pipe wiring, there are two options - with and without bypass. Without a bypass, the taps are still installed, if necessary, you can remove the radiator, and install a temporary jumper between the taps - a squeeze (a piece of pipe of the required length with threads at the ends).

With vertical wiring (risers in high-rise buildings), this type of connection can be seen infrequently - heat losses are too large (12-15%).

Video tutorials on installing heating radiators

When starting repairs in your apartment or house, at a certain stage the question arises of how to hide the batteries. In fact, you can do it yourself, and not spend extra money on builders.

Points to consider when masking a battery

Before you start disguising, you need to know a few important nuances:

• The first step is to understand that with any method, heat loss will occur.
• Convection air flows should not be protected by anything, this is the only way to maintain uniform heating of the room, and the windows will not fog up.
• For various emergency situations, it is worth considering in advance free access to threaded connections and a radiator - this can be a window or a removable structure, for example, a door with hinges.
• For repairs, a tap, a thermal head and other elements of the heating system should remain in good accessibility.

Best Ways to Hide Radiators Beautifully

There are several ways to hide batteries, in this section we will consider the most popular and effective ones.

It is by far the most practical and demanded method, most often such a structure is created from metal and has its advantages:

• easy installation;
• heat exchange remains the same;
• can be manufactured with rounded corners, which reduces the risk of injury.

Glass screens

The glass screen will be interesting and stylish solution, especially for those who choose minimalism or modern style in interior design. Photo printing or various patterns can be applied to the glass, but this method is not budget option... Installation is carried out on a screw holder, but you will have to drill holes in the wall. However, the radiator will be stylishly protected. This option will fit into any interior.

Screens-boxes

Screens-boxes are great option for decorating radiators.

• They will help to completely hide the battery.
• The box can become an interior item.
• Erans are easy to install, easy to care for.
• Protect against burns or other injury.

In the photo there is an original green wooden box in the interior of the nursery.

Let's not forget about the most popular way to hide batteries - just curtain them with opaque or translucent curtains. Using this method, over time, you yourself will even forget that there are pipes and a radiator behind the curtains. The main thing is to choose curtains that will look harmonious and not show with all their appearance that there is something behind them.

Painting in the color of the walls

How to hide a radiator on the wall if other designs are "prohibited". There is only one way, paint it the same color as the wall.

Frame made of wood

The tree will create coziness and warmth in the apartment, and the masking of the battery will be graceful and beautiful. This option is for those who equip their home in an eco-style using natural materials... These ways to hide batteries can be used as a home decor stand.

In the photo, ordinary wooden blocks stylishly hide the battery in the kitchen.

Built in furniture

Custom-made furniture or built-in furniture (shelves, wardrobes, folding tables, seating) is considered another common way than to close the radiator.

Hide the radiator with furniture

Arrange furniture such as an armchair or desk so that it covers the battery. Cast iron battery not attractive to many, but pieces of furniture can hide it.

Replace with designer model

For those who do not want to invent anything, unique design ways hide batteries that already have a beautiful appearance and you just don't want to hide them.

Original ideas

There are many creative ideas that can turn batteries into a decorative item:

• Forged products

• Painting and decoupage of batteries

In the photo, with the help of a beautiful painting, the battery merged with the wall.

Hide with drywall

Separately, I would like to talk about how you can hide batteries using drywall. It should be noted right away that the material has its drawbacks, however plasterboard construction is still very popular for renovation.

• The material is environmentally friendly, while it is not subject to combustion.
• Several varieties of this material can be found on the market.
• This masking option is budgetary, and the installation can be carried out in different ways, as it is convenient for you.
• Also, it is drywall that will allow the owner of the apartment to come up with any design, which will help not only close the pipes and the battery, but also make additional elements decor.

The downside is that drywall is afraid external influence, with careless actions, it is quite easy to punch or pierce it. And if a breakdown or leakage occurs, then the entire finish will have to be changed again, but this material is cheap.

DIY plasterboard box installation

In order to close the battery, you need to measure it, and then buy metal profiles and other additional products.

• What materials are needed: gypsum plasterboard 12 millimeters, metal profiles 27x28 and 60x27, self-tapping screws for drywall and metal, dowel-nails 6x40 in size, construction serpyanka, perforated corners.
• Tools: screwdriver, puncher, metal scissors, stationery knife, construction stapler, pencil, tape measure, building level.

Attention, for the construction drywall box there is important requirement: it is necessary that the window sill protrude beyond the radiator by at least 3 centimeters.

Work order:

Heating pipes masking

It doesn't matter if it's an apartment or a house, a bedroom or a kitchen, I would like to have everywhere good repair... Questions immediately arise: how beautifully to hide the heating pipes and how you can do this with minimal cost and maximum efficiency? At the same time, the method of camouflage should be truly invisible and inconspicuous, blending into the room.

The pipe can be hidden inside the wall, or it can be closed into the floor. Remember that old system heating should not be hidden in this way, this option is possible after a complete renovation of all elements.

Box on the frame

It is best done with wood, plastic or drywall. Do not place heating pipes close to each other; there should be at least three centimeters between the duct and the pipe.

Hide behind decor

Trumpet decoration different options, for example, wrap with jute rope. But remember that this will reduce heat dissipation. Many owners decorate pipes with flowers, this can be done using bamboo with leaves. Only imagination should work here, even an old pipe can look completely different.

Painting the color of the walls

The easiest and most practical method is to paint the radiators or risers the same color as the walls, without reducing heat generation.

In the photo in the interior of the kitchen, the pipes are painted in the color of blue walls.

Hide under the plinth

Became a good invention floor plinth, in which you can easily hide batteries located horizontally and low to the floor.

Photos in the interior of the rooms

Kitchen

The kitchen is the ideal room where all the ways to hide batteries will be practical and convenient. If the room is small, then you can hide the battery using a beautiful tabletop or make folding table, which will unfold when the opportunity arises.

Factories metal-plastic structures offer big choice beautiful windowsills large sizes that imitate stone, wood and other materials. A modern window sill does not break under weight, is not afraid of external factors, it is easy to care for it, wipe it down, it is not afraid of scratches and so on. In this way, you can hide any type of battery, including cast iron.

In the photo, to mask the radiators used wooden boxes.

Living room

If the radiator is in a niche, then a wide window sill will help create a work area.

You can put souvenirs, vases or flowers in pots on a constructed wooden box. You can also close the unsightly batteries in the living room with blackout curtains.

Pictured is a modern living room. To hide the radiators mounted wooden structure, which also serves as a place for rest, storage and decoration.

Bedroom and nursery

In the interior of the bedroom and nursery, batteries can be used as another place to relax, a tabletop for decorative elements or workplace.

Bathroom

You can hide pipes in the bathroom using a jalousie door, plastic grates or a cabinet with opening doors.

We hide the heating batteries with wooden, glass or plastic screens.

On the picture

Hallway

For radiators in hallways, glass screens or wooden boxes are suitable. V small room you need to cover the battery only from the point of view of practicality. This could be a shoe storage cabinet, or the battery becomes a small coffee table where keys and other essential items can be stored.