Build a house from vulture panels with your own hands. DIY panel house

Below we list the pros and cons of using the technology for building houses from SIP panels.

Advantages:

due to the high heat-saving characteristics of the enclosing structures.
More useful area- due to the small thickness of the walls, you can get 15-20% more usable area.
Expedited installation of the box at home (1-2 weeks).
No need for an expensive foundation (enough, for example, installed in 1 day).
Savings on heavy lifting equipment can significantly reduce construction costs.
You can build houses all year round- they do not shrink, so finishing work can be started immediately after assembly.
The assembly technology is simple, you can even build a house from a self-supporting insulated panel with your own hands - this is within the power of anyone who follows the instructions and knows how to hold a screwdriver and a saw in their hands.

disadvantages

A small thermal inertia of the enclosing structures is characteristic of any frame houses.
The high price of the material - however, this is more than offset by savings in foundation costs and a reduction in construction time.
Fencing structures do not breathe, and, therefore, an effective device is needed - this drawback is also inherent in all frame houses.
The combustibility of the enclosing structures - but it is not higher than that of any wooden structures.
Burning emission harmful substances- indeed, when expanded polystyrene melts, styrene with a specific sweetish odor is released. At a concentration of more than 600 ppm in the air (1 ppm = 4.26 mg / m3), it is dangerous to humans. But the smell of styrene becomes intolerable even at concentrations above 200 ppm, and this is an unequivocal signal for an urgent evacuation.
It lends itself to rodents - although these animals are bred anywhere, there are cases when, in search of food, rats gnawed even concrete.

There are also cheaper products on the market with 9 mm thick linings, but they are only suitable for walls and partitions of small one-story buildings.

Differences between the factory SIP panel

Inaccurate geometry. The displacement of the covers relative to each other, the rhomboid or trapezoidal shape of the panel can be easily identified using a square and a tape measure.
The use of low-quality OSB with low moisture resistance. Liberally wet the surface of the panel for an hour or two. If the chips begin to flake off, you have a defective product in front of you.
Low bond strength. This is perhaps the main feature of semi-handicraft goods. You can check the product only by tearing one of the covers from the insulation. Quality panel it breaks not along the seam, but along the foam sheet.
Making the middle part of the panel from fragments expanded polystyrene plates... To reduce the amount of waste, handicraft enterprises start up trimming insulation, which negatively affects both strength and thermal insulation properties. The joints of the expanded polystyrene plates can be easily seen at the ends of the panels.

Step-by-step construction of a house from SIP panels

Foundation

Firms that are engaged in the construction of houses from SIP panels recommend making that fully meets the concept of a prefabricated building. Piles for a house with an area of up to 150 m² can be assembled in two to three days, and with the help of a special installation - in one day; assembling the grillage from a channel or timber strapping also does not take much time.

The force of frost heaving is many times greater than the load from light walls made of SIP panels. In such conditions, pile and insulated shallow foundations work best.

(their most common diameter is 108 mm, length is 2.5 and 3 m) are located under the outer and inner capital walls, as well as crossbars (they are needed to reduce the spans of beams) with a step of 1.5–2 m. Such a base leads well itself on heaving soils and practically does not settle under light walls - provided that the depth was not determined randomly, but as a result of a trial screwing with force measurement: the blades of the piles should rest on dense layers of soil.

To serve for more than 50 years, you need to purchase piles made of steel with a thickness of at least 4 mm with cast tips, which resist corrosion much better than welded ones; after installation, they should be filled with concrete. One support, taking into account installation, will cost 2,400-2,700 rubles, that is, the cost of a foundation for a house with dimensions of 8 × 10 m will not exceed 100 thousand rubles. True, finishing the basement part will require additional costs: you will have to fill in from cement-bonded or glass-magnesite sheets (under lining with tiles or stone) or decorative panels on the frame.

The main alternative to the pile-screw foundation is the shallow-buried tape, traditional for suburban construction, 0.3–0.4 m wide and 0.6–0.8 m high. pile, but the construction time will increase by at least 3 weeks. The guarantee of the reliability of the strip foundation - correctly performed reinforcement cage, it should be designed in accordance with SP 63.13330.2012 (the main requirements are the presence of at least two reinforcing belts and a reinforcement coefficient of at least 0.1%). The base of this foundation should not be erected on heterogeneous soils with quicksand. Lightweight is optimal for swampy areas with strongly heaving and weakly bearing soils. The slab is poured over a sand and gravel drainage pad, a layer of extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of at least 100 mm and a waterproofing substrate. Minimum thickness slabs - 200 mm, and it must be reinforced with a two-level frame made of a bar with a diameter of 12 mm or more. To protect the walls from water (mostly thawed), a reinforced concrete base with a height of 0.3–0.5 m should be erected along the contour of the slab. It is advisable to insulate the blind area and the base with EPS sheets 50 mm thick.

It is advisable to strengthen the foundation of steel piles with a grillage from a channel or I-beam. The grillage random beams must be welded to each other and, in addition, welded to the piles. Metal parts must be protected from corrosion and insulated from the wooden trim with roll waterproofing.

When installing a floating strip foundation, it makes no sense to go deep into the clay soil - it is better to build up the above-ground part, which will serve as a basement. The reinforcement cage should be knitted with galvanized wire. The joints must be strong and durable, because the frame must work as a whole throughout the entire life of the foundation.

Walls

Despite the fact that the technology is considered unified, each company and even the brigade has its own methods of assembling the enclosing structures - successful and not very successful.

For construction, products are required, both standard and custom sizes- lintels over openings, piers, roof elements, etc. Large companies with their own production line, they carry out cutting only in the factory. Small firms and "autonomous" crews often cut out the desired fragments on site using circular saw and a grater for foam (using this tool, select the grooves around the perimeter of the panels). With this method, there is a high risk of violation of the geometric dimensions of rooms and openings, the appearance of gaps at the joints of parts.

Construction technology provides for the installation of a hidden frame, the parts of which are inserted into the grooves of the panels. For the frame, select chamber-drying sawn timber impregnated with an antiseptic composition should be used, and for floor beams it is advisable to use either a wooden I-beam. Alas, sometimes underdried products are used, which can warp, which will lead to the appearance of cracks and deformation of walls and ceilings. The joint between panels and frame elements is always sealed with polyurethane foam. However, some crews are accustomed to assembling racks from two boards, simply pulling them together with self-tapping screws without any sealing of the seam. At the same time, a bar of 150 × 100 mm can be installed in the corners. It seems that this should increase the strength of the box at home, but in practice, such a solution only guarantees freezing of the corner in the harsh winter.

SIP panels allow to erect buildings of complex configuration - with oblique corners and bay windows. True, this increases labor costs and the amount of waste, and therefore the cost of 1 m2 of house area.

Roof

The attic or semi-attic floor can be erected both with the help of SIP panels and along traditional technology with insulation with mineral wool or other materials.

Sometimes you can hear that a roofing cake based on SIP panels is more resistant to moisture (after all, expanded polystyrene has an extremely low water absorption). However, the constant presence of moisture (which may seep through roof covering or come from below in the form of steam) leads to the destruction of the panel covers (OSB). In addition, at temperatures above 80 ° C, the process of thermal destruction of expanded polystyrene begins.

Therefore, a ventilation gap must be provided between the SIP panels and the roofing material. You cannot do without a vapor barrier layer from the side of the premises, as well as a ventilated ridge.

The load-bearing part of the roof made of SIP panels includes a ridge beam, purlins (load-bearing beams parallel to the ridge) and layered rafters, the function of which is performed by the beams between the panels. Installed panels covered with a continuous carpet of roll vapor-permeable waterproofing, then the lathing is mounted, to which the roofing is attached (for example, profiled steel sheets) or another layer of OSB, which serves as the basis for flexible bituminous shingles.

Only forced system supply and exhaust with heat recovery, which will provide zonal air exchange. The main element of such a system is a recovery unit. For a cottage with an area of about 120 m 2, where a family of three or four people lives, an installation with a capacity of 180-250 m 3 / h is sufficient, the price of which will be 60-250 thousand rubles. depending on the design and manufacturer. The cost of the system with installation varies between 350-700 thousand rubles. without taking into account the cost of creating hidden cavities for laying ventilation ducts.

SIP panels finishing

From the inside, walls made of SIP panels in the overwhelming majority of cases are sheathed with plasterboard, the sheets of which can be attached directly to the internal OSB. The cladding is made two-layer, providing channels for electrical wiring in the first layer (cables must be placed in protective corrugated pipes or PVC boxes). With the traditional method of installing gypsum board (using lathing made of rails or steel), pipes and cables are laid in cavities under the sheathing.

Outside is most often mounted curtain facade... In addition, plastering is possible, but in order to avoid the appearance of cracks, it is advisable to use the technology wet facade, with, wood planks, composite panels.

- not only material with very high rates heat preservation, durable, durable, but also high-quality, convenient building structure, allowing literally within a few days to complete the construction of the structure on a prepared basis. At the same time, the assembly of houses can be carried out without the use of special equipment, manually, by the efforts of just a few people.

For the construction of houses from SIP panels, a foundation must be equipped. Since the design is quite lightweight, the following are most often used:

columnar foundation;
reinforced concrete strip structure;
pile screw foundation.

The latter option is the most profitable, since it is ideal for building houses on any soil, it guarantees no problems with soil swelling during freezing. The pile foundation is created very quickly when applied special equipment, but can also be mounted manually.

House building technique

We will assume that the assembly of houses from self-supporting insulated wire panels is carried out according to a pre-developed construction project supplied with instructions. At the same time, constructions are supplied ready-made, of the required dimensions, with door and window openings. This is the most common option chosen by zealous owners. In this case, there are no time delays, the SIP elements of the walls are guaranteed to interface with each other.

If the owner of the future house from SIP panels prefers to act completely independently, according to the project documentation, the necessary elements are prepared. Assembly "live", when, after the installation of one element, the preparation of the next one only begins, it practically does not occur.

Start of construction

The beginning of the construction of houses from SIP constructs - assembly of the base located on the foundation. Usually it is a bar structure. The assembly is carried out in several stages:

the strapping of the perimeter of the future house is being formed;
intermediate crossbeams (in the longitudinal direction) are installed and fixed, which rest on the posts or pillars of the foundation.

We will assume that according to the construction technology, it is planned to assemble the floor of the first floor from SIP panels. This not only speeds up the production of work, but also avoids overspending of the timber. This approach has its drawbacks, but it is used very often.

First floor flooring

Instructions for assembling the floor of the first floor from SIP panels are as follows:

the first SIP panel is laid in the transverse direction, along the short dimension of the foundation. The size of the element is chosen so that when placed at the end of the strapping board, the overall size corresponds to the foundation;
it is possible to connect the panels to each other according to the thorn-groove system. Today, it is allowed to assemble a floor up to 6 meters along the length of the panel, however, there are solutions with increased strength, allowing a size of 15 meters;
if the assembly must guarantee maximum strength, it is worth laying an intermediate connecting bar or board between the self-supporting insulated wire panels;
after laying the surface around the perimeter of the finished floor, a strapping board is installed, which increases the strength.

All connections are foamed during assembly. The panels are interconnected with self-tapping screws, the lower surface of the floor of houses made of self-supporting insulated wire structures is waterproofed using bituminous mastic... If intermediate boards or beams were used, they are also attached with self-tapping screws to the strapping board. very simple, in practice all the work is done in a few hours.

Assembling the walls of the first floor

The main thing with which the instructions for installing the self-supporting insulated wire panels of the first floor of houses begin is the installation of a guide, a beam of 100 mm. It is bolted to the foundation, with anchor bolts, right through the floor structures where the walls will be placed.

This work must be carried out with the utmost care to ensure that even with inaccuracies in the cutting of wall elements, the general direction of the SIP panels will be respected. The correctness of the installation of the timber is checked according to the instructions for the project and using templates.

The assembly is carried out in the following order:

going to the corner of the first floor. First, one SIP panel is installed. Attaches securely to the guide bar. The accuracy of the installation is constantly checked;
the second SIP panel is mounted at a right angle. The connection with the first is thoroughly foamed. The accuracy of the angle must be ideal - it will set the direction and be responsible for the accuracy of the placement of the rest of the SIP constructs;
the assembly of the walls of the houses - the installation of subsequent SIP panels - is carried out using the thorn-groove system. The elements are attached to the guide bar and connected to each other with self-tapping screws.

The technology for assembling the first floor from SIP panels is also simple. More control and attention will be required, but the work is not difficult. When connecting the self-supporting insulated wire elements of the wall of the house at oblique angles, the direction and real dimensions of each construct will help to determine either the instructions for the project, or the laid guide bar.

The assembly of the first floor is completed by foaming the perimeter along the top and installing the strapping board panels into the technological groove. It gives additional strength to the entire structure of self-supporting insulated wire elements and will work as a place for attaching the upper structures.

Second and subsequent floors

The assembly technology of the second floor is no different from the first. The floor is laid, while the SIP constructs are fastened with long self-tapping screws to the strapping board located at the end of the walls of the first floor. If you follow such instructions, the floor will work as a means of ensuring the strength of the entire structure, tying all the walls together.

Roof

If the roof is assembled from SIP panels, it will not need rafters and other structural elements that are designed to provide strength. In practice, a support bar is laid - a Mauerlat, located along the perimeter of the future roof. It is screwed to the top floor strapping board.

The laying technology also does not provide for special difficulties:

the gables are being assembled. The process is similar to the installation of the first SIP panel on the first floor - everything must be done carefully, the element is attached to the Mauerlat;
a support ridge bar is installed between the two gables at the top;
SIP panels are laid on the Mauerlat and the ridge beam and bolted to them.

The technology for assembling the roof surface is similar to that for the first floor. Although SIP panels have sufficient strength, it is recommended to use a jointing board when constructing the roof in order to guarantee good rigidity and high resistance to wind gusts.

Conclusion

It was not possible to find anything complicated in the technology of assembling a house from self-supporting insulated wire structures. The technique is simple, it only requires accuracy and care. All joints should be foamed, after assembly, all gaps between SIP panels larger than 3 mm are coated with waterproof polymer glue, which guarantees high performance of the structure.

Assembly internal partitions from SIP panels of smaller thickness is also not difficult and is made according to the instructions for the walls - using a guide bar, controlling the installation at an exact angle, and also carefully foaming all joints. The instructions do not provide for the use of a connecting board between individual SIP elements. The strength of the tongue-and-groove system is more than enough for interior partitions.

The construction market offers modern, more convenient to use, cost-effective, environmentally friendly clean materials... Due to technological progress and high competition, they have affordable prices and good quality... Vulture panels are such a modern building material.

Gaining popularity is great view construction country house.

What is sip panel?

Sip panel consists of two OSB boards (oriented strand board, similar to chipboard, but more durable and elastic) and expanded polystyrene between them. They are glued with high pressure polyurethane adhesive. Expanded polystyrene is an excellent insulation, does not support combustion and is not affected by moisture.

The slabs are different from 9 to 12 cm, polystyrene foam from 10 to 20 cm. Depending on the thickness of the panel, the material is chosen for the floor, for the walls or for the ceiling.

The advantage of SIP material

The advantage of sip panels is:

ease of installation (there is no need to insulate the walls and sheathe insulation);
in ease;
at an affordable price;
opportunities to order right size and the desired shape;
naturalness and harmlessness, thanks to the wooden surface;
high noise and heat insulation;
ease of do-it-yourself installation;
fire resistance due to special impregnation.

What are the advantages of vulture panel structures?

For construction country house, it is advisable to use a sip panel. Their main advantage is compactness: with a small thickness, they have high thermal insulation, comparable to the thickness of an insulated concrete or brick wall.

The lightness of such a structure does not require a reinforced deep foundation, which greatly simplifies the work.

Ease of installation contributes to the rapid construction of a country house and the absence of design errors. The presence of individual panels in size and shape maximizes the speed and simplification of the process.

Technology for the construction of a country house from vulture panels

Do-it-yourself construction of a country house is available to anyone. First you need to study the construction technology.

Preparatory stage

Having decided to build a country house from vulture panels, you need to contact the organization for their production. They will provide many projects, one of which can be selected and edited to suit individual wishes.

According to the approved project, the manufacturer creates a set of materials of the required sizes and shapes, with the marking of each panel. Such parts do not require additional processing, trimming, they are simply assembled into place.

For installation, it is necessary to prepare well-dried wooden planks the size of the grooves of the sip panels.

Foundation device

For a light frame country house, a shallow strip foundation of monolithic reinforced concrete... To reduce its buoyancy, the base is covered with sand.

A concrete foundation involves laying pipes for communications before pouring concrete. Such a solid, stable base is a laborious process.

An even more laborious type of foundation is on screw piles... Requires a special drilling machine. Its advantage is in creating a ventilated cellar, which is important in humid summer cottage conditions.

The foundation is coated with mastic, and a strapping bar is laid on it - the basis for fastening the vulture panels. In the corners, the structure is fastened with locks from grooves and spikes, screwed to the foundation with the help of anchors, and is also treated with waterproofing.

Walling

The erection of the walls of the house takes place in the following sequence:

A board with a width and thickness corresponding to the groove of the selected panel is laid on the strapping beam along the entire perimeter. It is fastened with self-tapping screws, every 15-20 cm. Foamed grooves of the panels will be inserted into it.
At the corners, connecting beams are installed for joining two panels. The grooves are also processed with a small volume of polyurethane foam, it should be borne in mind that it expands. After docking.
Then to corner elements the rest of the panels are joined, the grooves are foamed, the connection is fixed with self-tapping screws.
After installing all the walls, the upper grooves are foamed, and the upper strapping bar is placed in them.

Roof installation

The roof of the garden structure should protect from bad weather and noise, keep warm. These functions are perfectly performed by the sip panel.

For fastening, a roof frame is created with spikes corresponding to the grooves. Thus, the structure is assembled very quickly. If garden house large, construction will require additional crossbars to hold the panels.

Installation of windows and doors

A garden house built like this fast way, is not subject to shrinkage, and installation of windows and doors is possible immediately. Installation is possible with your own hands.

To do this, you will need: wedges-props for leveling, level, fasteners, polyurethane foam, Scotch.

Installation order:

Windows (doors) are inserted into the finished holes, and wedges are fixed on the sides.
Then the level is checked and adjusted.
After alignment, you can fix the fasteners to the opening, the free space is foamed.
The waterproofing film of the window and walls is connected with adhesive tape.

External and internal finishing

The finishing of the structure can begin immediately after the end of construction. This is important to maintain a presentable appearance.

The surface of the sip panels is even and smooth - it does not require careful leveling, which will speed up the finishing process. There are even varnishing options for vulture panels, which emphasize the closeness to nature and naturalness.

This building material is suitable for any kind of interior and exterior decoration.

Do-it-yourself construction of a country house is much faster and easier if you use modern material... Its cost pays off not only by the ease of installation - by saving time, but also by subsequent savings on heating costs.

More recently, it has become very popular to build houses with timber frame... Now there is a constant search for new and improvement of existing technologies for frame construction. The article will describe the stages of building a frame house using a relatively new technology from vulture panels.

What is sip panel - manufacturing process

Sip panel or, as it is also called, sandwich panel - multifunctional construction material... It can be used in almost any environment. The cost of the panels is small, and the potential for their use is practically unlimited.

Wall sandwich panels are a three-layer material. Let's see how they are made.

How is the process of manufacturing sip panels - a step-by-step diagram

Step 1: Selection of materials

For outer layers use durable material: fibreboards, oriented strand boards, wood boards, magnesite boards, galvanized steel. The thickness of the plates is 9 or 12 mm.

For a sip panel, it is better to exclude the use of wood, since it is highly flammable, short-lived, and also the most laborious to process. Most often, OSB boards are used for the construction of houses in SIP panels. Recommended thickness 12 mm. For supporting structures, they can be adapted for use in high humidity.

OSB is made from wood shavings, the diameter of which does not exceed 0.6 mm. The length, as a rule, is not more than 140 mm. Such chips are laid perpendicular to each other in three layers. An adhesive waterproof resin is added during the manufacturing process. Further from high pressure and temperature, this material is pressed. The result is a plate with increased strength and at the same time high elasticity. The outer layer of OSB boards is also waterproof. With the help of wood tools, the slabs are very easy to saw. OSB holds fasteners due to the method of stacking wood chips, therefore it differs significantly from others similar materials where the resin provides retention to the fasteners.

Insulation is placed between two rigid protective layers of material. For this layer, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, or mineral wool are used. The last two heaters are non-combustible. When choosing a brand of foam, it is necessary to pay attention to its flammability and flame decay time. The thickness of the material, depending on the thermophysical properties of the frame house, can vary from 50 to 250 mm. If more preference is given to mineral wool, then it is necessary to lay between it and inner plate para-barrier film.

When used in SIP panels mineral wool a material is used that has a density of 100–120 kg / m³. Such a product does not burn and cannot spread fire. When heated, binders can release unpleasant odors, but, nevertheless, such a heat-insulating material is much more environmentally friendly than expanded polystyrene. But rock wool increases the weight of the sandwich panel. Compared with expanded polystyrene, the weight will be 2 times more. Therefore, this type of insulation is rarely used in vulture panels. The high cost also negatively affects the choice of this material. The use of mineral wool as a heater in a house made of sandwich panels can cost 1.5–2 times more.

For mass production in vulture panels, expanded polystyrene with a density of 25 kg / m³ (PSB-S-25 or PSB-25) is used. Due to its lightness and low cost, this insulation is very popular. It is 98% carbon dioxide. Due to this, it has a low thermal conductivity and, accordingly, high thermal insulation properties.

Such material has a fairly high strength, is resistant to fungus and moisture. But in expanded polystyrene, mice like to gnaw nests in which they then settle. The purpose of this material is, first of all, external wall insulation. The thickness of the insulation depends on what kind of house will be built. For permanent residence the heat insulator should be no thinner than 50 mm. For building summer cottage a maximum of 20 mm of such insulation is enough. It should not be forgotten that expanded polystyrene burns, melts from exposure to open fire and emits acrid black smoke. The fire safety of the structure is partially ensured due to the fact that the foam in the SIP panels is covered with OSB plates.

Step 2: Choosing the Right Adhesive

To connect all layers of a sandwich panel, the glue must retain its qualities all the time while the house is standing. Therefore, such material must withstand various humidity, temperature changes and other unfavourable conditions... The toxicity of the adhesive after polymerization must be completely eliminated. The following brands have proven themselves in the best possible way when assembling vulture panels in Canada, the USA and the EU: Macroplast UR 7229, Macroplast UR 7228 and Kleiberit 502.8.

Step 3: production of vulture panels

The OSB board must be evenly covered with glue over the entire plane. Then you need to lay a sheet of expanded polystyrene on top of the plate. After that, you will need to reapply the polymer composition and cover with a second OSB board.

The glue must be applied within no more than 10 minutes. When finding of this material in air over the specified time, polymerization begins. The glue foams strongly and expands. In this case, it is necessary to press with pressing of the bonded elements within 18 tons. This is done with a powerful press. The glued wall sandwich panels must be cured for 2-3 hours. The glue dries completely in 15-30 hours. After that, the protruding edges of the insulation must be cut off.

What will be the foundation?

Prefab houses sip panels have enough a light weight therefore no reinforced foundation is needed. For such buildings, it is advisable to use shallow foundation... In addition to this option, a pile, columnar or slab type of frame house base is also used in construction practice. For example, pile foundation can be done in any season of the year, in any weather. Its installation can be done in as soon as possible, large financial costs will not be required. No need to do painstaking land work.

For a frame house where wall panels are used, we recommend using one of the most popular and classic support options - strip foundation... To do this, you will need to mark the construction site. Then dig a trench 50-60 cm deep. The width can be made 40-50 cm. The next step is to make a sand-crushed stone pillow of 20 cm, which must be tamped.

Then you can proceed with the installation of the formwork. Planks 10–15 cm wide are suitable for this. Alternatively, moisture-resistant plywood can be used. It is imperative to make the formwork 50 cm above the soil level.

Next, the reinforcement cage is tied. For this, rods of 10-15 mm in diameter are most often used. After that, a concrete solution is prepared. The concrete mixer will significantly speed up this process. It is necessary to regularly tamp the mortar poured into the formwork using a vibrator. This activity will remove air bubbles from concrete mix, which will make the created foundation stronger. When all the filling work is done, concrete mortar you need to let it brew and gain strength. Experts recommend that the foundation stand for 3-4 weeks before the walls are erected.

Installation of the frame and floor - what you need to know

This process begins with attaching a timber frame strapping belt to the foundation. The section for such a bar is most often used 250x150 mm. In the corners, the wall boards are connected to each other using the grooves made. Anchors, as a rule, are used 10–12 mm in diameter, and their length should be 35 cm. They must be installed at a distance of 1.5–2 m from each other. In the corners, it is better to use two anchors. The bolt heads must be recessed.

Wall building tricks

Wall elements are installed after fixing to strapping bar guide boards. Their size depends on the thickness wall panel... It is necessary to lay such boards taking into account the distance from the edge of the timber by 10–12 mm. It is imperative to observe a strict horizontal. In order to make their fasteners, you will need 70x5 mm self-tapping screws. It is better to make the indents between them 35–40 cm.

In the corners there are two wall frame panels are installed by putting them on the guide boards. The grooves must first be foamed. Using the level, it is required to align vertically and horizontally. After that, it is necessary to fasten the sandwich panels with self-tapping screws to the guide boards. The fixing step is required to be 150 mm. The panels also need to be fastened together. To do this, you need boards with a cross section of 50-200 mm. They are installed between two panels. To make a reliable fixation, self-tapping screws 12x200 mm are required.

Sandwich panels were invented not so long ago, but very quickly occupied their niche in the construction field. Houses made of vulture panels are gaining more and more popularity, and there are a great many reasons for this, starting with the fact that the material protects well from the cold, ending with colossally short installation times. It is clear that everyone wants to move to their own home as soon as possible, but developers sometimes announce unreasonably high prices for their services. The way out of this situation suggests itself - why not build a house from vulture panels with your own hands?

What is sip panel: material characteristics

Sip panels, also known as sandwich panels, appeared in Europe about 50 years ago, but they hit the domestic market relatively recently. Their design is very simple: between two wooden slabs there is a layer of polystyrene foam. It plays the role of heat and sound insulation. The thickness of the "filling" varies depending on the purpose of the panels.

The main factors influencing the choice of panel thickness are the type of building (summer or winter), the type of wall (external or internal) and climatic conditions terrain. Styrofoam is protected on both sides OSB boards made from pressed wood shavings.

The panels are attached to each other without gaps, which eliminates the occurrence of cold bridges and increases thermal insulation characteristics... Tight connections are provided by special grooves into which wooden dowels are inserted. The panels have standard width at 125 cm, 250 cm and 280 cm.

Advantages of sip panels

Frame houses made of vulture panels have gained popularity all over the world for a reason. This building material has a lot of advantages and benefits compared to traditional products: bricks, reinforced concrete slabs, blocks, etc.

Unfortunately, it has not yet been possible to invent an impeccable building material that would not have a single drawback. Sip panels are no exception, but its shortcomings can be attributed to the peculiarities of operation rather than to serious mistakes.

Opponents of sip panels (yes, there are some) argue that they are highly flammable and generally unsuitable for building houses. However, often fires occur inside, and there panel walls are sheathed with non-combustible drywall, so the risk of such a building flaring up like a match is minimized.

There is also a legend that mice and other rodents like to settle in vulture panels, but no one has provided actual confirmation of this so far. The issue of environmental friendliness is also especially acute, but it also comes to naught if we remember that many products (meat, fish, poultry, sweets) are often packed in polystyrene foam containers.

Some argue that the walls made of panels do not protect against noise, but if we take into account the fact that life in a private house excludes the existence of neighbors behind the walls, from below and above, then there is nowhere much noise to come from. In addition, the exterior and interior finishes increase the acoustic performance.

The only truly justified nuance of using sandwich panels is the arrangement of ventilation. Since the elements are fitted close to each other, completely blank walls are obtained that do not allow air to pass through. For this reason, at the stage of creating a project for houses from vulture panels, the laying of the ventilation system is immediately taken into account.

Foundation selection

As we said, panel houses do not need a massive, expensive foundation, however, mistakes in organizing this issue are quite common. This is because it is necessary to take into account not only the low weight of the box at home, but also the properties of the soil, the level of occurrence of groundwater and climatic conditions in general.

The best options for foundations for houses made of sandwich panels are:

screw pile;
columnar;
tape shallow;
monolithic (reinforced concrete slab).

The main danger in the construction of such houses lies in the lateral tangential forces under the building - during the spring heaving of the soil, the foundation may simply come to the surface, and the house will tilt or crack because of this. Whatever foundation you choose, its cost will be about 20% of all construction costs, which is a lot. But saving at this stage is by no means worth it, otherwise subsequent repairs and error correction will take even more money.

Screw piles

The overwhelming majority of experts agree that frame houses on Canadian technology it is best to build on a foundation of screw piles. It is comparative new way arrangement of the base, which is economical, simplicity and high speed of installation in comparison with the rest. Foundation construction on screw piles is 30-40% cheaper than any other, even taking into account the fact that you need to hire a team of professional builders.

The screw pile is steel pipe, to which a special configuration blade is welded. It has a high bearing capacity, since in the process of screwing it into the soil, the pile does not loosen the soil, but, on the contrary, compacts it with blades. It goes deep into the level below the freezing of the soil, which by itself prevents the deformation of the building from heaving.

The service life of such a foundation can be calculated in centuries (usually the manufacturer gives 100 years). But the main advantage is the ventilated underground, which is very useful when using vulture panels. In addition, if you ever want to add an extension to the house, you just need to install next to the right amount piles, and the foundation will work as one, evenly distributing the total load.

Shallow foundation

This type of foundation for houses made of vulture panels is used less often and mainly on non-porous and slightly porous soils. In other cases, he will "go" in the first spring. For the arrangement, they remove the fertile soil layer (about 30-40 cm), arrange the formwork with reinforcement and fill everything with cement mortar.

The shallow foundation will easily support the weight of the vulture panels. To reduce the risk of deformation from uneven heaving of the soil to a minimum, experts recommend arranging a gravel-sand cushion before pouring concrete.

To increase the strength and durability, the foundation is reinforced with a reinforcing cage.

Pouring with concrete should be done at a time, therefore, for operational work, you may need the help of 2-3 people. After pouring, concrete must be treated with a vibrating plate or at least poked with a stick in several places in order to exclude the formation of air voids.

The disadvantage of this method is the long drying period of the concrete, which can last up to 4 weeks. Also, ventilation in the underground will not be as good as in the case of piles. For this, special holes are usually made. If you want to make an extension to the house in a few years, building up a shallow foundation will be quite problematic and troublesome. The laying of all communications (electricity, sewerage, water supply) must be organized before the concrete is poured, which is also not very convenient.

Monolithic foundation

If your site is located on a weak heaving ground, arrangement monolithic foundation will be the only right decision. It is a one-piece reinforced concrete slab, which evenly distributes the load from the house to the ground and does not allow it to deform from seasonal movements.

Construction principle slab foundation quite simple: they remove the fertile soil layer, make a drainage cushion of sand and gravel, fill everything with concrete and reinforce the screed with iron reinforcement.

The only drawback of this type of foundation is the high cost and difficulties with the construction of additional outbuildings in the future.

Column foundation

Such a foundation can be considered a "relative" of the pile foundation, but the arrangement will take much more time and effort, although its cost is lower than that of a monolithic or tape foundation. The columnar foundation is suitable for non-porous and slightly porous soils.

It consists of pillars located at the intersection points of the walls, at the corners of the future building, at the locations of massive load-bearing beams, walls and at points with heavy loads ( long walls, for example). The columnar base eliminates the possibility of arranging the basement, but gives additional ventilation to the subfloor, as is the case with piles.

The shape of the posts can be any, but most often they are made round, because such structures are easiest to place in holes made with a hand drill. Different materials are also used: bricks, wood, concrete. Square pillars are made of bricks, but it is inconvenient to place them deep. That's why the best option is the construction of round concrete pillars reinforced with reinforcement.

Important: the columnar foundation cannot be laid in areas with high level groundwater, since in this case the base on which the pillars will rest will be fragile and may be eroded by water.

Panel mounting

We have mentioned more than once that the sip panels are very light, so you do not need a large one for installation. construction machinery... In fact, the work is very simple and quick, and if it is better to enlist the support of specialists for the construction of the foundation, then it is quite possible to build a house from vulture panels on your own.

Important: before proceeding with the installation, you should carefully calculate the house from vulture panels in order to stock up necessary materials, including finishing, fasteners, arrangement roofing cake... The drawing should show the thickness of the carriers and interior walls, laying of communications, arrangement of windows and doors.

How is the installation of houses from vulture panels:

Vulture paneling

The construction of houses from vulture panels is pleasant not only because of the fast installation time and ease of construction - it is a real pleasure to decorate such structures! Since the surface of the panels is perfectly flat and smooth, you do not have to spend money on plaster or screed and spend hours leveling walls, floors and ceilings in order to achieve the desired result for the final cladding. Consider how you can refine the frame house from the outside and how to carry out the interior decoration of the premises.

Interior decoration

Before proceeding with interior decoration, it is necessary to close up the joints with a painting net, grind and polish them. Since the panels are monolithic, immediately think about where the communications will be located and make holes for them. In the bathroom, preparation takes place according to a different scenario - the joints are closed not with a mesh, but with a silicone or acrylic-based sealant. The panels on the floor should be completely covered and overlap the walls by about 20 cm so that if water spills, the wall materials do not get wet.

Any materials for decorating a house from vulture panels can be used. It is recommended to pre-sheathe the walls with plasterboard. This is needed not so much for aesthetics (the panels are already smooth), but for enhancing the fire safety of the building (we wrote about this above).

Since the floors in such houses do not need leveling and insulation, you can cover them with even the most whimsical coatings - laminate, tiles, parquet. In the bathroom and in the kitchen, it is better to make self-leveling acrylic floors to make additional waterproofing.

Outside finishing

Some owners prefer not to resort to exterior decoration houses made of sandwich panels - they already look pretty beautiful. But to protect the material from moisture, it is recommended to cover it with something.

The most popular options for exterior decoration of panel houses:

As detailed in the video, houses made of vulture panels are gaining more and more popularity every year. This is explained not so much by fashion as by tangible savings - housing is constantly becoming more expensive, apartments in cities are more and more expensive, and it is becoming more and more difficult to find your own home.

Why spend crazy money on an apartment with a modest square, noisy neighbors and a smoky track outside the window, when you can build your own spacious and warm house from vulture panels much cheaper?