Cesspool is the easiest, but not too successful autonomous sewage with a private house. Modern technologies offer more convenient solutions, such as local cleaning stations industrial production.

A skilled builder is quite able to make septicch with their own hands without pumping. What options of septic sobs are popular among owners of private houses and what will be required for their facilities - all this we will consider in our article.

And also give an example of assembling septica from concrete rings and compare ready solutionsoffered by the market, with homemade.

Septic plates are called sewage facilities that are almost completely recycled wastewater, decompose them on the safe components.

All work on the transformation of waste human life is assigned to microorganisms. Multiple sewer masses aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are gradually processed into water and active il.

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If the device is insulated and correctly canned, it is not terrible or winter frosts or spring floods. It will not pop up and does not crack, even if part of its content will freeze.

It is important, of course, to correctly install the device. In the process of recycling, the Bacteria Effectively eliminate the smell characteristic of the sewage.

The resulting water, of course, is not suitable for drinking, cooking, washing or other household needs. With a high degree of cleaning, it can be used for watering plants on the site.

Often water is removed through a filtration well or a filtration field. Water gradually enters the ground, passing through the cleaning system, the sand layer and rubble.

Il, which settles at the bottom of hermetic capacitance, of course, does not go anywhere. It accumulates, as a result of which the total amount of septicism decreases slightly. When the amount of deposits becomes critical, the device should be cleaned using a special pump.

The septic cleaning is performed significantly less frequently than pumping a cesspool, and this process is usually not accompanied by a maliciousness, because IL has a completely neutral smell.

Gallery of images

Gallery of images

Outside, septic tip the layer of waterproofing. Some masters recommend missing not only joints, but completely all the capacity of the device

The trench for the sewer pipe, leading from the house to the septic, without pumping and smell, is placed with a slight bias. At the junction of the septica and pipes in the thickness of the concrete, a hole of suitable sizes are done.

In the same way, plugs are installed and pipes that combine individual parts of the septic. All connectivity septic places with pipes need to be seen and coated with a layer of waterproofing.

On the bottom of the last septic department instead cement mortar Stacked gravel and sand filter. First fall asleep and smash the sand, and then the layer of gravel.

The use of a suitable fraction for these purposes is also allowed. The thickness of the filtration layer should be approximately 30-40 cm.

As the upper overlap of the septic, made of concrete rings, use a special round plate of a suitable size with a hermetic lid

After all septic branches are ready, you need to cover them with round concrete slabs that can be purchased from concrete rings with concrete rings.

In such lids there are holes with hermetic concrete lids. It remains to perform the backstage of the kittlers, and the septic tank can be considered ready for operation.

Other options for homemade septic

In addition to concrete rings, other materials can be used to create a septica. We will consider the most popular materials and options for the manufacture of septics.

Option # 1 - Septic tank from the Eurocuba

Earlier, Eurocube has already been mentioned - hermetic plastic container.

Establish such a septicity is relatively not difficult, but the low physical weight of the plastic should be taken into account. During the spring flood, groundwater can simply push the lightweight container to the surface.

For weighting of such a septica, the bottom of the pit should be laid concrete slab from metal loops. To these loops, the container is fixed with a metal cable. Sometimes such a septic toss is pulled by a heavy object that is fixed in the upper part of the device.

Option # 2 - Monolithic Concrete Design

Concrete septic tank can be done with the help of fill. In this case, it is not necessary to do several catlovanov, you can do with one building big size and rectangular configuration.

First concrete the bottom, then the formwork is installed and the walls are poured. For the separation of a large container into several sections, concrete walls are made inside.

To pour concrete septicism with the help of the solution you will need to build wooden formworkwhich immediately make holes for overflow tubes

Septic typical can be made with their own hands from concrete blocks or bricks, but the laying should be as sealed as possible.

Another option is to make. However, such a material cannot provide sufficient tightness to protect the soil from non-recycled drain.

With the help of tires, you can only make an option permeable cesspool. The term of such a device is substantially limited, unlike capital septicism, which, with proper maintenance, can serve as decades.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

This video contains a detailed option for creating a two-chamber septica:

Sure, homemade septic It does not always provide the same high degree of cleaning as modern Los. But still these structures are functioning very successfully with relatively low costs of their installation and maintenance.

When erecting septic, it is important to adhere to the technical provisions to prevent pollution groundwater.

Do you use homemade septic without pumping? Tell us what type of building you preferred and whether your family has enough of its volume? How often do you do clean and what measures do you take to prepare your septica by winter?

Leave your comments under our article - your experience of the homemade septica will be useful to many owners of private houses and cottages.

Sewerage is one of the most important engineering systems country house. From her right and uninterrupted work The level of comfort of living in the cottage depends largely. Often, novice developers, seeking to save, hurry to make a septicch without proper knowledge about the absorption capacity of the soil in the site, groundwater level and sanitary normsused by K. this type Constructions. As a result, the septicchka turns into a conventional cesspool, filled with water.

The case is aggravated by digging the pipes or to climb the well-commissioned wells filled with "black and gray waters" to eliminate the breakdown or carry out modernization, no one wants. The output is one - to do everything at once, as it should, the first time, and will help you in this user experience with the portal with nickname Pavelttlt.

• How to make a homemade septicity from reinforced concrete rings.
• How to conduct hydraulic testing of the sewer pipeline.
• How much is it worth making a septicity from w / b rings.

Septic with their own hands

Pavelttlt User forumhouse.

I began to build septic from concrete rings in 2013, even before the start of the construction of the house. I planned everything in advance, and also took the point of the exit of the sewer tube from the foundation. First of all, dug up the pit for the rings in the size of 2000x4000 mm and a depth of 3000 mm. Kotlovan Paval Excavator Loader.

The mechanized method of dripped dug up in 1 hour, drove 24 cubic meters. m soil. Cost of coppe (approx.: Here and then the prices are indicated for 2013-16) - 1500 rubles in 1 hour. The amount of the minimum order is 4 hours. 1 hour the user paid for the road, because The site is 15 km away.

Important:practice shows that most often for earthworks it is more advantageous to attract technique than trying to dig up the housing workers with the forces. In order not to drive the tractor or the bulldozer several times on the septica ink, and then the trenches, it is better to subjected to make the maximum amount of work at a time. For example, the user ordered an excavator to divert the foundation, align the site and at the same time dig a pit under the septic tank.

The next step is to save the trench from the house to the septica for laying the sewer pipe "110-ki" 10 meters long.

Trench depth from 1400 to 1600 mm, because obtained a bias of 2 cm for 1 raman meter Pipe. Also was reserved on the leveling sand "pillow" with a thickness of 100 mm with a calculation that the track will enter the pit at a depth of 1500 mm.

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The width of the trench is approximately 35 - 45 cm. Digid it 1 is black and workers. In total, he took 6 cubes of the soil, for which he had left one day. Paid for this work 1000 rubles. And fed the working job with a good dinner.

Then the user bought the "red" sewer pipes intended for laying the outer part of the route running in the ground. It:

• Sewer pipes with a diameter of 110 mm and a length of 3000 mm. 5 pieces. at a price of 631 rubles. For 1 pc. TOTAL: 3155 rub.
• Rotate at 45 degrees. 2 pcs. 69 rubles. TOTAL: 138 rub.
• Plugs - 2 pcs. 41 rubles. TOTAL: 82 rub.
• Steel pipe A diameter of about 16 cm - "sleeve" for the output of the sewer tube through the foundation. 1 PC. 2500 mm long. TOTAL: 900 rub.

Setting and mounted the pipes at the Tranche Day, the user decided to produce hydraulic tests of the system before the route is covered with soil. To do this, he drove out the withdrawal of the sewer tube in the pit, and 5 liters of water flooded in the "house" in the "house".

As a result, the plug could not withstand the waterproof pressure on the vertical site and flew out. With a second attempt Pavelttltturn the end of the pipe in the pit so that the plug rushes into the wall of the pit.

The water poured into the pipeline and began to monitor the level (mirror) of water in a vertical discharge.

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Due to the skew of the last section of the pipeline, a small leak appeared. For 1 hour, the water in the vertical tap dropped from the top down about several centimeters. I will refine a plot where leakage goes. In my opinion, it is better to check everything in advance how to bury the pipes at Avos, and then think where the drains go.

Installation of rings under reinforced concrete septic

The septic tank is a classic and well-spent scheme made of concrete rings combined into two wells connected by overflows.

The first well has a hermetic bottom, the second - filtering, without the bottom, will be perforated and covered with rubble.

This septicism scheme "works" only with a low level of groundwater and a good absorbing ability of the soil. With a high CE, the second well will soon be flooded with groundwater with all the resulting negative consequences.

This article describes when high level Groundwater. According to the user, at first he wanted to buy "Gosban" concrete rings. Search, found the following suggestions:

• concrete ring with a diameter of 1500 mm - 3840 rubles;
• concrete ring with a diameter of 700 mm - 1580 rubles;
• transition cover with a ring with a diameter of 150 cm per ring with a diameter of 70 cm - 3800 rubles;
• the bottom for the concrete ring - 5300 rubles.

The last amount (bottom for the first hermetic well) completely did not fit into the planned budget. Asking the manufacturer why the bottom is so expensive, the user found out that the bottom on the ring with a diameter of 1500 mm goes with a diameter of 2000 mm. From here and high price.

Pavelttlt

At first I wanted to pour the bottom of the first well concrete-Mercie, but I decided to search yet. As a result, I found "Negotoy" suitable rings and bottoms that make local small production, on a democratic price and good quality. As a result, I bought:

• bottom diameter 1800 mm - 1 pc. - 2400 rubles;
• ring with a diameter of 1500 mm, 900 mm high - 2 pcs. - 3100 rubles;
• ring with a diameter of 1500 mm, 600 mm high - 2 pcs. - 2500 rubles;
• the lid "15" with a hole on the ring with a diameter of 700 mm - 2 pcs. - 2400 rubles;
• ring with a diameter of 700 mm, 600 mm high - 4 pcs. - 1250 rubles;
• polymer-sandy hatch - 2 pcs. - 1250 rub.

Delivery of rings with a trigger with a manipulator and their installation cost 3 thousand rubles.

When mounting the rings of the first well, the joints were coated with cement-sandy solution, and between the rings of the second (filtration) well inserted (for drainage) debris of flat stones.

In the picture, it shows that the depth of the pit and trench coincided, and the top of the ring performs on the scheduled value.

Mounting the hatch user left "for later."

To check wells, Pavelttltfrom the reinforcement "12-ki", welded a ladder with a length of 3 m, on which it can be down to revisions of the system.

The next step is the finalization of the filtration well and the final hydraulic test of the collected sewer system.

Installation of overflows in septic and hydraulic testing of the sewer pipeline

To create a filtration "pillow", the second well neatly sprinkled with a granite rubble fraction 5-20.

Total user ordered, taking into account the further construction of the foundation of the boiler room and the fill of the whirlwind of a warm floor, about 10 tons of rubble. Crushed + delivery cost a little less than 14 thousand rubles.

Also, the user conceived to increase the filter ability of the second well, trying the holes in the walls of the ring. But first need to check the tightness of the system, because From the moment of laying pipes in the trench there has been a lot of time.

Hydraulic tests consist of several steps:

1. Wave out the outlet pipe outlet plug so that it does not fly under water pressure.

1. Fill the upper removal of water.

1. Watch the level of the "mirror" of water.

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Almost immediately I saw that the water leaves. So the system is not sealed. I went to look for a leak. Well trench has not yet fallen.

After inspecting the pipes, it turned out that the water would be watered from the extreme to the septic junction.

According to the user, most likely the seal turned up when mounting. Solving the problem - put 1 pipe for more lengths to reduce the number of joints and carefully carry out installation work.

Also Pavelttltpassed perforing the walls of the well. It turned out that the case is complex, long and vigorous. Holes were drowned with a crown with a diameter of 45 mm with a powerful perforator. If the tooth gets the crown into the reinforcement, it breaks it, or the perforator was knocked out of the hands. Having made a few holes on their own, the user decided to hire assistants to this work, and this is what eventually came out:

• The first worker for 8 hours drilled 70 holes.
• The second worker was able to drill only 45 holes in 7 hours. I failed to keep the jammed perforator in my hands a couple of times and getting a tool on my head, the subband was refused to work.

• Payment of workers for 2 days - 2.4 thousand rubles.
• Broken 3 drilling crowns - 1170 rubles.

Total: on drilling 115 holes spent 3570 rubles.

After the calculations, the user found out that the punch of the ring was 8% of the total wall area (taking into account the slot between the two rings), with the required minimum coefficient of 10%. Calculating the required area of \u200b\u200bthe remaining perforation area (0.24 sq. M.), Pavelttlthe took up the tool himself.

First of all, the user drilled the holes with a diameter of 12 cm under the withdrawal of the sewer "110th" pipe and overflow.

The hole was first clouded with a crown, and then expanded with a shovel-chisel.

Then he expanded the drilled holes, turning them into vertical slits and, thus, by increasing the area of \u200b\u200bperforation.

Pavelttlt

I have a total of 14 cracks of 300 x 45 mm, with a total area of \u200b\u200b0.34 square meters. m. So, the total perforation area is greater than 10%.

Expand made by drilling holes easier than making new ones.

At this stage, the construction of the septic was entered into the final phase.

So, in the septic tank introduced a "red" sewer pipe.

To simplify the installation of the joint joints, liquid soaps were laughed.

Overflow is also made of "red" pipes.

Tees - from gray.

The lower part of the tees is elongated by trimming pipes with a length of 35 cm.

At the finish line, the user conducted stress hydraulic tests.

To do this, so as not to use the compressor and before, how to knock the output hole in the septic, Pavelttlti mounted a vertically supplied pipe in the house.

The dream of a country house owner is a sewer system that works without interruptions and the costs of a large amount of electricity. It is such qualities that septica has a high purification of sewage drain. These mechanisms are not always obtained, because the cost of such structures from famous manufacturers Pretty high. But it is possible to solve such a problem, having built the design with your own hands.

Features

A few years ago, cesspools understood cesspools, in which the accumulation of drains was accumulated with their subsequent puming. Modern construction market Offers an improved mechanism used to collect and pump wastewater. In a private or country house intended for permanent residenceThe cleaning sewer system is simply necessary.

Before making the septica with your own hands, you need to get acquainted with the diagram of the device.

1. The design consists of 2 or 3 reservoirs, which are interconnected by a pipe.
2. Each container has ventilation holes.
3. Capacities are equipped with dense hermetic covers.
4. Filtering field in which wastewater purification is carried out. Traditional filters are: drainage well, infiltrator.

The most effective are mechanisms consisting of 3 cameras, in which case a more thorough cleaning of wastewater occurs. Preparing to perform even homemade mini septic, it must be remembered that 2 cameras will be included in the design of the future cleaning mechanism.

The principle of operation of the cleaning structure:

• stocks fall into the mechanism acceptance chamber (sump);
• there is a secession of large waste by sediment;
• all waste elements are subjected to fermentation process by bacteria living in the sewage system;
• uncleans are decomposed and generated gases that go through the ventilation holes;
• for a certain time, pollutants are dissolved in liquid;
• the exit of septicism flows fluid, purified by 95%, such water can be used in domestic and economic needs.

Budget septicch without pumping due to its operational qualities for most parameters is superior to a cesspool, because he has a large number of Advantages:

• high level of wastewater purification;
• no unpleasant fragrances;
• the hermetic system does not allow to enter the waste elements in the soil layers and does not harm the ecosystem;
• pading fluid is performed 1 time per year.

The disadvantages of such a device include several features.

• Complete design.
• Strict rules for the use of detergents.
• The activity of bacteria decreases at low temperature regimes and a lack of oxygen, which leads to a decrease in the level of purification. For additional ventilation, you can purchase a special aerator.

Design and preparatory work

When the sewer system is placed, it is necessary to take into account the remoteness of the design from residential buildings, open reservoirs, sources drinking water.

Major Sanitary I. technical requirements Specified in Snip:

• claimed facilities are allowed to be installed on removal of 5 m from residential premises, 1 m from agricultural buildings;
• removal from drinking water sources (well, well) depending on the type of soil can vary from 20 to 50 meters.

But it is also necessary to take into account that for pumping il, the assistance of an assessing machine will need, which should freely drive to the cleaning mechanism.

For the device of the cleaning facility cameras, both ready-made containers and tanks manufactured by their own hands are used: metal and plastic barrels, monolithic concrete structures, cubic tanks.

Properly made calculation of the number of necessary building materials depends on the volume of the sewage facilities. Therefore, for calculation, the magnitude of the discharges of the flows per day will be required. It is not necessary to determine such a magnitude, it is enough to take the absorption of water 150-200 liters per 1 member of the family. To determine the volume of the receiving compartment of the septicity, the value obtained is multiplied by 3. If 6 people constantly live in the house, then the capacity of the volume is required: 6x200x3 \u003d 3600 liters.

The second septic compartment is calculated based on the parameters of the acceptance chamber. If its volume takes 2/3 of the liquid of the entire size of the cleaning facility, then the parameters of the screwing chamber is 1/3 of the mechanism.

To design Septica, you can use ready-made working drawings and device diagrams.

In most regions of Russia, the purification facility will not freeze in winter due to warm wastewater coming from the house. And also an obstacle to freezing is bacteria, actively leading themselves in septic. But the design will be deepened yet. The distance between the lid and the upper wastewater level should be equal to the magnitude of the fruit of the soil in winter time. At this level, the drain sewer tube passes. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the design should be located below this level.

If the high level of groundwater does not allow the system's deepening below the level of soil freezing, it is necessary to make insulation. As insulation materials are used:

1. foamed polystyrene;
2. styrofoam;
3. ceramzit.

How to make your own hands?

There are two variations of the manufacture of septica with their own hands.

Variation No. 1.

In this case, the sewage cleaning structure consists of two cameras. Driven can be various shapes. The depth of the pit should be at least 2.5 m.

When digging the pit is recommended to reach a drying layer consisting of a mixture of sand and gravel. After both pita are ready, you must perform alignment and sealing walls. Next set the inner form for each pit (boards). Both chambers are connected via pipe. Internal formwork area covers polyethylene film. The gap between the boards and walls of the pit fill cement-sandy mixture In a ratio of 1 to 3. When concrete dries (3-5 days), the inner shape of the boards disassemble.

An incoming sewer pipe must be insulated by means of insulation materials (foam, glass gamble).

Variation No. 2.

The principle of the cleaning mechanism device is similar to the previous variation. But in this case, the construction of the septic will be simplified: it is necessary to dig only 1 pita and divided it into 2 cameras using a concrete partition.

In the manufacture of septicism, their own hands mainly use sweater materials, but not all such variations are hermetic and durable structures. Basically use building materials:

1. a system of plastic containers (from the Eurocuba);
2. concrete rings with a bottom and filter layer;
3. cleaning mechanism from automotive tires;
4. monolithic blocks;
5. brick;
6. iron barrels.

When choosing one or other materials for the manufacture of septic, you need to take into account some moments.

• Features of the use of the sewer system (the number of incoming drains).
• Depth of groundwater location.
• Quality I. performance features Building materials.
• Construction skills and financial capabilities. Not all homeowners are able to perform an independent laying, and to install the construction of concrete rings, the help of specialized equipment will be required.

To determine the strong and weak sides Listed building materials, consider in detail some variations.

From girlfriend materials

There are many primary means that can be applied for the manufacture of septic.

Car tires

Often car tires From wheels are used to perform a cleaning facility for cottages without electricity. The system is designed for a small sewage volume. 2 pitched tires are digging. Tires are connected to each other by means of clamps, and the joints are processed by sealant. The bottom of the first chamber is lined with a polyethylene film, with high-quality mounts apply concrete.

The advantages of such structures are:

• availability of building materials;
• simple installation of construction.

Cons of this design:

• freezing in winter;
• loss of form and tightness in pretty short term time.

Design from Eurocubov

For the manufacture of septic, it will take 2 or 3 tanks. One of them cuts the bottom to create filtration. Plastic tanks are installed in metal carcass. It will protect the design from negative impact Soil. Before installing, input and output tubes are inserted into the tanks, ventilation holes are made. Connections are processed by silicone.

The tank recess is sinking under the slope so that the second tank is located below the first to 20 cm. To fix the Eurocubes to the bottom, the concrete is poured to which the containers are attached.

Advantages:

• tightness of the tanks;
• simple installation;
• long service life.

The disadvantages include the fact that the installation must be fixed to prevent the system to the surface.

Cleaning system made of concrete rings

The depth of the pit must be no more than 4 meters. The design should be installed at sufficient depth, it is especially important for a plot with a high level of groundwater.

For the device, 4-5 concrete rings of standardized parameters will be required. The height of the rings is a little more than 1 meter. The diameter of the rings can vary from 70 to 200 centimeters. When calculating the future system, it is necessary to consider the dimensions of the rings. Mass of one rings - 600 kg (sometimes more).

For mounting, the crane will be required. The first ring is stacked by an end on the site where the cleaning mechanism will be located, then you can start digging the pit. After the top end comes with the soil, the installation of the second ring is performed. Digging pit continues. To the rings do not dispersed, they are connected by means of fittings. And you can also apply specialized spacers that prevent the oscillation of the rings.

After the pit is dug, the places of the connections of the rings and the seams are close to cement specialist. The bottom is filled with cement and closes with waterproofing building materials. Waterproofing is carried out on the walls of the reservoir. You can mount one well that will perform a cumulative function. Periodically, the wastewater will be performed.

Device from blocks

The technology of manufacturing a two-chamber septicity from blocks:

• it is performed to dig a pit for the dimensions of the autonomous sewer system with an indent on the sides (25-30 cm);
• at the bottom of the pit, a sand-gravel pillow is stacked, the thickness of which is 15-20 centimeters;
• the base of the concrete mixture is placed;
• on the perimeter of the walls, the blocks are performed, which also need to build in the middle of the design for the partition;
• internal and outer walls from blocks are covered bituminous mastic;
• from above, a cover made from a monolithic slab with hatches is installed;
• ventilation and thermal insulation of the system of foams are performed;
• failure is filled with the septica of the earth.

When laying blocks in the bulkhead is installed overflow, on one side of the wall, the inlet is made for the sewer tube coming from the dwelling. On the other hand, exit to the drainage well or infiltrator. If the second camera must be equipped with a drainage part, then you need to replace monolithic slab concrete foundation, And in the middle of the tank make a dryer from gravel and sand.

Overflow between tanks is performed at a depth of 50-60 centimeters from the cover of the cleaning mechanism. Be sure to enter must be located below than the output.

Sewer pipes are installed with a bias of 2-3 degrees from a residential building so that the wastewater goes to septicity by gravity.

Production of septicism made of metal or plastic barrels

Consider the option self-fulfillment Septicity of 3 barrels, but the principle of equipment remains the same when performing the septicity of 2 tanks.

• Performing technological holes. In the first barrel - the inlet for sewer pipes and the output for overflow into the second tank. In the second barrel - the inlet for overflow of the liquid from the first chamber and the weekend for the flow of operations to the next barrel.
• In the third barrel, one hole is made for the receipt of wastewater from the second chamber, and two in the lower part for pipes are done during the equipment of the filtration field.
• For each barrels, microcepses are performed at the top of the structures to create ventilation.

To fill the fundamental layer, the installation of a stepped formwork. At the location of the barrels, followed by a decrease in the level of containers will be fully applied. This is important if there is a small capacity of this type of septicity.

After filling the foundation during the solidification of the solution, rings or hooks for fixing containers are mounted in it. And also at this stage, the trench is prepared for laying pipes through which wastewater removal from the septica on the filter field will perform.

When the foundation completely freezes, you can start the installation of tanks and their fixation. Trench filter fields are covered by geotextile. The mounted cleansing mechanism from the barrels falls asleep ground. Plastic barrels are recommended immediately to fill with water to avoid product deformation.

Metal barrels need to be treated with corrosion tool.

From brick

If you decide to build a cleaning mechanism from a brick, then it is better to use clinker products for this purpose. They have resistance to the effects of moisture and aggressive medium. Capacities can be made as rectangular shapeand round. It is important to correctly perform waterproofing design. The external walls of the tanks are recommended to miss specialized mastic. Fasting (the distance between the external walls of the mechanism and the pit) is made using clay. Minimal thickness The layer must be 20 cm.

To seal the inside of septicism use cement mix. The bottom of the design should be filled with concrete so that the drains do not succeed in the soil layers.

Manufacturing technology:

• pillow is performed from sand and rubble, the bottom of the chambers is poured by a concrete mixture;
• around the perimeter of the inner part of the pit is laid out the brick, which is connected by the cement;
• in the second chamber, the bottom of the bottom of the bottom is not performed, and the brick products are placed on the minimum amount of cement mortar, it will allow wastewater to penetrate into the soil layers.

During the construction of the sewage mechanism, technical errors should be taken into account that can lead to the incorrect functioning of the system.

To avoid them, it is necessary to comply with simple rules.

1. Provide a certain slope of the sewer tube towards the septica. It is necessary in order for wastewater to go sickle.
2. Do not allow sharp turns of sewage pipes, thereby preventing the system clogging.
3. The inlet tube must be located above the output so that the waste materials do not come out of the system.
4. It is forbidden to build filter wells when high indicators Groundwater. This can lead to an ecosystem contamination.

When using the cleaning facility, it is prohibited:

• throwing the construction trash to the sewer system - this can lead to a set of first camera septic;
• use the design for the disposal of polymer waste (cellophane, cigarettes, package, condom);
• use detergents, which contains solvents, acids, alkalis, which can lead to the death of anaerobic microorganisms;
• purify petroleum products into sewer, gasoline, diesel fuel.

The dream of any dacket is uninterruptedly functioning sewage. In order to save money, many are trying to equip the sewer system with their own hands, building a storage well from the subwoofers. The choice in this case is small -, more simple, or a multi-chamber septic with the possibility of filtering the liquid into the ground.

Morally outdated cesspools require high attention to themselves when servicing - the accumulative capacity is often overwhelmed. In such cases, it is required to call for arms or clean the pit on their own. Pleasant this work is difficult to call.

Characteristic odor sewage Stream And the need for regular cleaning makes traditional sewers by morally outdated structures requiring urgent modernization.

Appointment of septicov

Transitional option between the cesspool and the modern station biological purification is already mentioned, built taking into account all technical and sanitary standards.

Its direct purpose is settling the fluid with its subsequent filtering into the soil. Septic protects the environment from hazardous to human health substances. Passing through the process of settling with subsequent rotting, the decomposition of the drain and filtering the liquid into the ground, the sewage wastes becomes safe.

Of course, it is absurd to call such a processing one hundred percent effective. If the sewer is merged aggressive chemical substances -, Medicinal preparations, alcohol, rubble, get rid of them almost impossible. In such cases, experts recommend installing a volumetric septic septicity and regularly pump off its contents, not allowing soil contamination. In other cases, installation of a design with a filtering chamber that does not require regular pumping is allowed.

Device and materials

Homemade septicch should consist of two, and better three The tanks connected to each other with pipes into a single design on the principle of communicating vessels.

The first container is designed for the adoption of the art and pre-defending. The volume of this compartment is half of the overall capacity of the entire structure. After filling the reservoir, the liquid flows freely into the second chamber, in which the updration is also settled - the heavy organic fractions are settled to the bottom and are subjected to rotting without oxygen, and the liquid is gradually lit.

The third tank is designed to filter. Its bottom has perforation. Approximately a third or more compartment is filled with any filtering material. For example, broken red brick or rubble. Under the tank, an additional sandy pillow is satisfied, a thickness of up to 0.5 meters, which ensures reliable purification of water until it leaks into the ground. Also, the water from the third tank can be removed to additional filtering fields or display stock in.

Il, settled at the bottom of the sump, must be retracted once or twice a year to provide proper work sewage.

To build it claiming folk crafts Use most different construction Materials and containers:

• Bricks. The clinker type of this building material is used. Construction requires certain skills in working with masonry. Outside, it is additionally provided with waterproofing with special mastic and fading clay. Inside the well need to be coated with a solution of cement.
• Concrete. Filling the bottom with the subsequent formwork and construction concrete walls. The design is strengthened at the fill stage with iron fittings. The finished design is processed by a sealant.
• Concrete rings - a lightweight variant of concrete design. Usually no more than four rings are used so that the septicch does not ask for their weight during operation. For work it is necessary to attract special equipment or use the winch. The seams between the rings are carefully concreted and processed with bitumen mastic to ensure waterproofing.
• Capacity from plastic or metal - enough budget Material. Especially if the bodies have already been used. The disadvantages of metal include its exposure to corrosion processes, which you can not say about plastic. Plastic or Eurokube barrels have resistant to humidity and any aggressive media, well tolerate low temperatures And the pressure of the soil.

When choosing a building material, it is necessary to consider:

• features of the use of sewage (the quality of incoming water);
• the depth of groundwater - with their high location, it is forbidden to use filtering wells;
• quality of building material;
• its construction skills and financial capabilities (for example, not everyone knows how to independently perform the masonry, and to work with concrete rings it will require the presence of special techniques).

Device scheme

When the sewering flow is placed on the site, it is primarily taken into account by its remoteness from residential buildings, roads, social reservoirs, personal sources of drinking water. The main sanitary and technical standards are spelled out in a special document - Snip.

According to these requirements, septica needs to be placed:

• no closer than 50 meters from the well or well;
• 10 meters from the rivers and 30 meters from the reservoir;
• 5 meters from houses and roads;
• in the meter from the borders of the site and 3 meters from the fruit trees.

Be sure to take into account the depth of the groundwater! Filtration cannot be carried out with its high location to the soil surface.

The bottom of the prepared pit is lined up sand pillow (20-30 cm). At the location of the filtering well, the sand is poured up to 50 cm. In the sand is laid out gravel or chicken, and then executed concrete fill Floor. On this reliable base Installed septic design. It is recommended to further consolidate plastic containers in order to avoid their pop-up and squeezing from the soil.

Between themselves, wells or containers are consistently connected by plastic pipes. Their installation is carried out with the help of tees and sealant. The hatches of septicism are insulated, and sumps are equipped with ventilation risers. Ventilation is especially important if special sewage for the processing of sewage waste, oxygen flowing.

How to make septic with your own hands

As a design made by your own hands, you can consider septic from concrete.

Materials

The following instruments and building materials will be needed for work:

• sand and cement;
• formwork boards;
• reinforcement to strengthen the design;
• concrete mixer or tank for kneading a solution;
• shovels and vest for earthworks;
• drill.

The working process

Order of work:

1. Kotlovan dug out taking into account all sanitary standards - at the necessary distance from residential buildings and other facilities located on the territory. It is believed that it is necessary to deepen it to the sand layer or rubble. These soil layers will ensure proper fluid filtration.
2. Formwork is mounted from the board around the perimeter of the pit. The drill in it is performed by holes that will be used for drainage (rapid installations plastic pipes).
3. Then the jumpers are installed (they do not need to perform drainage holes in them!) With blanks in the form of holes for overflow pipes.
4. IN ready design Sewn and overflow pipes are mounted from wood.
5. At the next stage, the fill is performed (two parts of rubble and sand is taken for one part of the cement). For reinforcement, metal corner, reinforcement, rods are used.
6. The formwork is dismantled after the complete drying of the concrete. Partitions inside the septica (between compartments) can be made of old bricks.
7. The whole design from the inside is processed by a sealant for additional waterproofing.
8. The upper overlap is performed from concrete. For reinforcement applies fittings. Overlapping holes for ventilation risers from asbestoscertic or polyvinyl chloride are left. Also satisfied with the technical hatch designed to remove the sludge.

Important moments

During construction work, it should be noted that technical errors can lead to improper operation of the entire sewer system.

To avoid trouble, it is necessary:

• ensure a sufficient slope of the sewer run in the side of the septic;
• prevent sudden turns of pipes to protect the system from clogging;
• to equip the bias of overflow tubes between the septica compartments (the input pipe should be located above the output!);
• do not build filter wells at a high level of groundwater - it is unsafe for ambient, residents of cottages and neighbors.

Choice of bacteria

To make a septic tank more efficient, it is recommended to use bacteria. Two types of bacteria are suitable for processing sewage drain stocks: aerobic (oxygen-dependent) and anaerobic (grinding). Anaerobic live in any conditions, but the aerobic bacteria are extremely sensitive to oxygen. To ensure their livelihoods, septic tank must be equipped or at least ventilation pipes.

When choosing bacteria, it is necessary to take into account that they are several types:

• universal suitable for any conditions and goals;
• living in drains with high fat and household chemicals;
• used for the conservation of sewage for the winter;
• applied to start septicism in the spring period.

It is also necessary to familiarize yourself with buyers, instructions and product range, and make a choice in favor of a reliable brand.

Such equipment as played very important role In a garbage processing complex.

Want high quality upgrade your pump station? Then make the ejector with your own hands! How to read in.

Are you going to move to Penza? Find out how things are going on with an environmental situation by reading the material on the link.

How much is septic

Answer this question is definitely impossible. Everything will depend on what materials were used in the construction process.

For example, a concrete ring can be purchased at a price of 1,200 rubles. And Eurocub will cost 2,500-3,000 rubles per cubic meter of volume. Calling special equipment also significantly increases the cost of homemade septicity. One hour of work of the car crane in the Moscow region is from 900 rubles. And the removal of one cubic meter of the soil is an excavator from 10,000 rubles.

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Each owner of a private house faces the problem of arranging the sewer system. From this not going anywhere. Still, with comfort and communal benefits, I want to live even beyond the city. Of course, you can contact specialized firms that will deal with the implementation of the task of the sewage construction. However, it will have to fork. In addition, highly professional services will not accurately accurately cost.

However, you can find a variant that will not require excessively large cash spending. We are talking about the construction of the sewer system on own plot Alone. What will required for this? Perhaps only your effort, strength and suitable building materials.

Septic - the best choice

Before the construction, each owner of the country house is puzzled: "What type of sewer system is better to build?" Some years five or ten backwards was the most primitive village Yama. But these times go back. Now the owners of the plots are more demanding and picky. On the one hand, I want the sewage system to cope with the collection function, wastewater treatment. On the other hand, I do not want at all so that the sewage smell felt on the site, and the system maintenance was not too difficult. See also: "".

All these requests correspond to - Septic. This is such an option sewage devicein which the estates are collected in the tank, and in the presence of several cameras can be thoroughly cleaned. Cleaning in septics usually goes on the principle of action of aerobic processes. That is, the estones become cleaner thanks to the bacteria, which, in fact, "feed on" waste and organic compounds. What is important, water obtained as a result can be used, for example, for watering the harvest.

So how to make a septic tank in a private house? This question, at first glance, seems difficult. But it is not. The principle of construction septica is very simple. And you can choose one of the many models of its design: from inexpensive to more perfect. It all depends on your capabilities. So, for the construction of Septic, you can choose old tires, bricks, concrete rings. Or you can make a monolithic concrete structure. Tell me more - how to make a septic tank in a private house?

How to make a septic tire

Answering the question how to make a septic tank, using only tires, you first need to decide, in fact, where to take these same tires. Obviously, you can visit a pair of other car service. As a rule, old, used tires can give for little money, or even at all for free (read also: "").

And now about the stages, how to make a septic tire itself in a private house of tires:

1. It is necessary to dug well. Keep in mind that its diameter should be equal to the tire diameter, to which 20 cm is flattened.
2. The depth should not be less than one and a half meters. But in more detail about the depth, let's talk below. It should be said that digging a relatively narrow well is uncomfortable (read also: ""). Use required tools. The bayonge shovel will help loosen and dig the land. But to raise the soil areas better than a symptoms. But at the same time, experts advise for convenience to bend it at an angle of 70-80 degrees relative to the cuticle. As a result, raising the land on the surface of the pit will be much more convenient and more handy. By the way, if you have tires big diameter, and without such "tricks" with shovels, you can easily do. After all, then to divert the pit will not be difficult.
3. Next you need to take a garden bur and in the center of the bottom of the resulting well driving the drainage canal. On it, the filtered strokes will go into the ground. What depth you need to do such a channel - depends on the properties of the soil on your site. If it is solid and clay, then dig a drainage canal is deeper. If the soil is soft, then a sufficiently small recess of the brown in the ground.
4. Now in the drainage canal insert the pipe. It is better to use plastic. After all, the metallic - quickly comes in disrepair due to corrosion. To rise in the pipe over the bottom of the wells should be somewhere on the meter. Its upper hole make a grid. IN otherwise Large particles will fall inside the pipe, which means that the blockage is formed quickly. By the way, and through the length of the entire pipe you need to do small holes For water passage. Thus, the drainage canal is ready!
5. Put the bottom of the well with rubble and gravel. And only then you need to start laying the tires. However, before this, be sure to cut the rubber, protruding part of the rim of each tire so that water flows, and not stored in these parts of the tires.
6. In the top tire, do a hole for the sewer pipe, through which wastewater will flow into the well.
7. Setting carefully tires, be sure to make the top - a little towered above the ground surface.
8. Pull the gap between the walls of the wedder and the walls of the pit - simple rubble.
9. The queue remains behind the lid. It can be made of plastic. It will be more reliable and more durable. At the end, suprate the well.

Now you know how to make a septic tank in a private house, having simple, used tires on the hands. It is quite on the shoulder and man who is in construction. The main thing is your desire!

Proper location of septicism in a private house

If you definitely decide that you will be equipped with a septic tank, start with familiarization with such a document as SNiP 2.04.03 - 85.

Here, the main provisions that are determined where the septicch should be on the plot:

1. Distance to the source of drinking water (well, wells) should be at least 20 meters.
2. The distance to the residential building is at least 3 meters.
3. Also, it is also impossible to place the septic tank too close to the fence and boundary of the site. Return the meter three (more detailed: "").
4. If the pipeline from the house before the sewer tank is too long, then definitely install revision wells every 12-15 meters. They will help in the case of blockages quickly detect the problem area and perform necessary actions on cleaning.
5. If your area is uneven, hilly, then in the places of the height drops, it is necessary to build a drench well, which will help extinguish the sewage speed.
6. Sewage pipe To the well should go under a slope. Approximately 2 cm for each meter of length.

Depth and septic

Solving how to make a septic tank independently, do not forget to correctly calculate its depth and volume. So, the depth should not be more than three meters, if you expect that the cleaning of the well will produce an assessing machine. After all, its hose is designed only for such a depth. It is also important to know how deeply the groundwater is locked in the area.

If they are too close to the surface, it is necessary to build a hermetic septic. Another aspect is the depth of soil freezing. The depth of the well should be greater than this value.

And now, how to calculate the volume? Specialists advise multiplying the number of living in the house by 200 liters, this value that shows how many stocks fall on one person per day. Keep in mind the more the amount of the septica, the emptying it will be less likely. However, if you have a small family and little house, then the septicity of a huge volume will be simply idle without a case. It will affect its condition and service life. See also: "".

Bought or homely septic

Now you know what to make a septic tank in a private house. And most importantly, familiar with the norms and rules of its placement. But if you are not confident in your strength and craftsmanship, you can seek help to professionals. Today, the sale of various texts is found on sale, and numerous firms offer services for the installation and installation of sewage systems. All this is good. After all, it is difficult to build a complex and multi-chamber septic in the plot of a complex and multi-chamber septic.

But only septic tanks with water overflow from the chamber to the camera are able to show a high degree of purification of wastewater. Therefore, if you do not know how to make a septic with overflow, take advantage of the purchase of the finished model. By the way, industrial septicifs will serve much longer homemade. Their service I. possible repair Completely by pocket to any owner of a country house.