Thermal panels for exterior decoration of the house, the price of which will pleasantly surprise, and appearance and technological solutions will not leave a single doubt about the use of this product when performing the task of insulation and facade cladding.

The innovative product made it possible to solve the problem of an integrated approach to insulation

facades with simultaneous cladding, to simplify the work of masters, to reduce the cost and

speed up the process finishing.

Installation of these monolithic fragments of high rigidity

with a heater fixed on them, for example, at any time of the year,

regardless of temperature and humidity environment.

Thermal panels for the facade are still recognized as the most optimal solution... The ancestor, the Haacke IsolierKlinker system, meanwhile, did have many followers.

The panels are produced by Russian and foreign companies. Clinker tiles are offered in a variety of types, textures, colors, thicknesses. The essence of the material has not changed: simultaneous insulation and cladding.

Began to appear and unique offers, for example, a ceramic concrete panel with imitation of brickwork (front thermal panels "FASTERM"). Should I choose this type of finish for the facade at all? If yes, which solution and which brand should you give preference to?

Thermal panels: the essence of the facade system, its features and scope

Multifunctional clinker thermal panel, according to the designers, who are no longer limited in the choice of textures, colors and even shades, architects, engineers, is that rare case when combined:

• stylishness and practicality;
• respectability and budget investment;
• speed and ease of installation of panels;
• ergonomics and low energy consumption during operation (saving up to 40%);
• maximum benefit and minimum disadvantages.

Providing excellent thermal insulation, these materials for home facades look really impressive. In fact, manufacturers are combining difficult compatibility, ensuring the ever-increasing popularity of designs.

• What is a thermal panel? This is a complete compositional system. It contains a heat-insulating material, a decorative layer and a fixing compound, which ensures strong adhesion of the finish to the base.

Developers of any production line, of course, do not get tired of improving their solutions. For facade panels with insulation, additional elements also gradually appear, for example, a thorn-groove along the perimeter. It not only makes installation easier and makes the result more durable, but also eliminates cold bridges.

• Even strong, slanting rain is not afraid of thermal panels. In this design, the dew point is within the volume of the insulation. It is not required to equip ventilation gaps with back side facade.

Today manufacturers offer a wide variety of options for the finishing layer.

• In more expensive panels, artificial stone is used.
• Looks great porcelain stoneware, glazed, textured ceramics.
• Mostly clinker tiles for brick are in use - ceramics based on refractory slate clay. The material is obtained by high-temperature firing. There is wide choose colors and textures, including the effect of aged tiles.

There are no restrictions on the use of thermal panels. They are applicable for facade decoration buildings of various purposes and of any age, including old, reconstructed houses.

Light weight thermal panel facing materials for the facade (15-30 kg per 1 sq. m, which is 10 times lighter than brickwork) does not impose any restrictions on the choice of foundation. Self-supporting system eliminates overhead loading.

Insulation layer: features and differences

Developers today focus on incombustibility and environmental friendliness of materials for facade insulation. Basically, modern thermal panels are produced using the following type of insulation:

• polyurethane foam (PPU);
• expanded polystyrene (PPS, PSB-S, EPS);
• extruded polystyrene foam (EPS, XPS).

PPP is used more often due to its high thermal conductivity and minimal cost. It is environmentally friendly. It is even used in food packaging.

The material is popular in the USA, Canada and Western Europe due to its durability, strength, safety for humans. According to the PROMO PSE Association (France), 8 out of 10 houses in Europe are insulated with expanded polystyrene. All heaters exclude conditions for the development of fungi, bacteria, microorganisms.

popularity in terms of price-quality ratio, efficiency and effectiveness

Thermal panels, where clinker tiles are used as a decorative layer, are recognized by experts, professionals and even ordinary consumers as the most popular today. This very noble-looking finish is based on shale clay. No additives are required during firing, so that the material remains natural.

• When finishing with panels for a facade under a brick, you do not have to select shades, as is the case when choosing a brick itself: in different batches it can differ significantly.
• According to the degree of resistance to environmental influences, clinker gives 100 points ahead even to some natural stones (strength of M800 clinker).
• At the same time, it does not fonite, it is resistant to temperature extremes (it can withstand up to 300 seasonal drops), it is an additional noise and waterproofing.
• Unlike porcelain stoneware, clinker thermal panels have a smaller size of finishing elements, and therefore are suitable for any home style.
• Unlike glazed tiles, clinker can be not only shiny, but also matte, textured, with an imitation of any masonry, including stone.

Against the background of other types of finishes, facade panels with clinker tiles are a worthy option with a high external effect. Regular repairs are not required, and the period of gradual destruction of thermal panels reaches 50-250 years, depending on the manufacturer. Everyone gives their own guarantee.

• Installation is carried out quickly, simply, inexpensively, without scaffolding, special equipment, preliminary preparation craftsmen, using traditional tools and hardware. This reduces the overall construction estimate, and on any basis - concrete, aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete, brick, plaster, blocks, wood, raw material, etc.
• High-precision connection eliminates installation defects. Additionally, grout is used for thermal panels. Even with the unpreparedness of the master finisher, you should not expect negative results.
• It is extremely difficult not only to break something during the installation of products, but also to get any movement in the facade finish during seasonal fluctuations in the soil.
• The geometry of the facade is also unimportant. If the problem is violated, it is closed with a crate.

As part of clinker materials for finishing the facade of the house, there is no lime and salt, so efflorescence is not formed. The color stability of the finish is ensured even under extremely unfavorable external conditions... Many experts call this the "calling card" of clinker thermal panels.

Ceramic concrete panel: innovative and promising version of the facade thermal panel

Of course, when building houses, everyone thinks about lowering the estimate. In this regard, on thermal panels, facade Russian production the price is much more attractive, but not all manufacturers offer quality solutions. There are traditional and innovative options.

• Progress in the construction industry is taking place at an incredible pace. It's not always worth looking back at the familiar classics. Its apparent cheapness often leads to additional costs.
• Modern solutions provide a calm, comfortable and quite economical life in the house without the need for regular repairs.

One of the innovations in the field of production front thermal panels- the proposal of the company "FASTERM" (FASTERM). These are, in which expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam are used as insulation. The material is spliced ​​with a high-strength ceramic concrete base that imitates brickwork.

By operational characteristics this is a complete analogue of clinker tiles, but at the same time it is completely innovative material on the market of thermal panels due to their additional properties. It was developed by specialists of a Russian company, patented and promptly introduced into production.

• The cost of such panels is much lower than analogues.
• Even unsightly buildings turn into respectable houses.
• They will not require a refurbishment. long years.

The main difference between the ceramic concrete facade panel is the integrity of the decorative and protective slab, the thickness of which is at least 15 mm, which significantly increases the strength of the product. Ceramic concrete slab spliced ​​with insulation during the manufacturing process turns into a monolithic product of ideal geometry. For comparison, individual clinker tiles are 8-10 mm thick. Each element is glued to polyurethane foam and polystyrene foam, which does not add rigidity to the panel. Geometry often suffers. Manufacturers sometimes resort to adding additional element- sheet of OSB or DSP. The result is an increase in the cost of production, an increase in weight.

After installation on the facade of a building with a more budgetary, but no less effective ceramic-concrete thermal panel, it is enough to wipe only the joint seams with the help of a special composition in the color of the panels. The presence of our own FASTERM grout adds convenience during installation and guarantees that it matches the color of the main product. There is also a full grout option for a 100% brick house imitation.

• When choosing a conventional clinker thermal panel, grouting is a rather expensive and time-consuming job. Masters have to take into account that the insulation layer is afraid of ultraviolet radiation.

Ceramic concrete thermal panels are painted with durable paints of the German company Bayer. This is a guarantee of durability, no fading over time, which is as important as high-quality insulation facade. Thought out and installation of products. It is simplified, accelerated and cheaper.

• Fastening of the panel to the facade is carried out with the help of polyurethane foam, which is applied to the panel from the back.
• Dowels are used for tight fixation to the building. There are 4 mounting holes for them in the decorative and protective layer.
• For comparison: when fixing analogs, at least 12 dowels are required, since the fastening goes behind the insulation layer, and plastic elements of the fastening system are installed in the seams.
• Currently, FASTERM panels are offered in 12 colors, with a choice of textures of smooth facing and chipped bricks for ordinary panels, chipped stone for basement panels.
• In 2018 it is planned to launch new series- rulers with imitation of aged brick (Old brick). In texture and color tone, this is a complete analogue of aged clinker, which the consumer will receive with less investment.

All goods are certified. Deliveries in small and large wholesale, retail and large volumes on request for house insulation using innovative ceramic concrete thermal panels are carried out to all regions of the Russian Federation. Promotions are regularly announced on the company's website, special offers are made. Customers expect both new material will go on sale with seasonal discounts.

• The manufacturer "FASTERM" pays close attention to the quality of products.
• Inbound control of raw materials supplies from verified partners has been established.
• The production lines have multi-stage control and final quality control of batches.
• It has its own laboratory. There are test reports of materials from independent expert centers.

Before shipment, the products are carefully packed on special pallets. Rigid lathing and underlays are used. This is a guarantee of safe transportation and handling without the risk of damage to the decorative finishing layer.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thermal panels - what is it?

Construction is developing by leaps and bounds, offering the construction industry all the new solutions to solve complex tasks and achieve high quality results. Such solutions can fully include the use of thermal panels for the facade as insulation and decoration.
Facade panels for exterior decoration of the house can be bought today in almost any city, due to their sufficient popularity. Theysuccessfully combine the external and aesthetic appearance of clinker tiles and the functional content of the insulation, which acts as a reliable heat insulator. A clear advantage of using such building materials is the variety of color and texture solutions that make it possible to make a facade for a specific design project.

The absence of joints as such, presenting a homogeneous and even surface at the exit, high thermal insulation characteristics, simple and quick installation. A similar approach can be applied both in cases of building buildings from scratch, and for solutions aimed at restoring and reconstructing existing buildings. Facade clinker panels are gradually conquering the market due to the ability of one product to solve the issue of decor and thermal insulation, which ultimately translates into significant budget savings and a reduction in the time of work.

Let's take a closer look at what types of thermal panels exist:

This is the so-called classic version consisting of polyurethane foam covered with clinker tiles. The clinker is extremely resistant to external influences material and can even surpass some types of natural stone in its characteristics. It is made from shale clay and is an environmentally friendly material. Has extremely high rate strength (M500) and an extremely low water absorption coefficient equal to only 2-3%., high frost resistance (over 300 cycles), has a noticeable and expensive appearance, which immediately indicates the status of the owner of the home. Due to such combinations of characteristics, this material does not belong to the category available to everyone and involves significant cash costs, both for purchase and installation.

Thermal panels with ceramic tiles

They are similar to their older brothers with the only difference that instead of clinker, ceramic tiles are used. Accordingly, the material has a much lower cost, color range, and is most often used in private low-rise construction. A separate disadvantage of such thermal panels is the excessively smooth surface of the facade and the heterogeneity of color, which looks slightly artificial, but as they say "in taste and color" ... The price segment of this type of panels is a little more moderate than clinker ones, but still remains quite high.

Thermal panels from ceramic concrete

They belong to the category of building materials of the latest generation and combine the ratio of quality and price, being a multifunctional solution. Face layer made of specially designed for use on facades - whose parameters have high consumer properties and are in no way inferior to the characteristics of clinker thermal panels.

A clear advantage of this material is the integrity of the ceramic concrete slab and the absence of division into individual elements as in the case of clinkers, which allows us to speak about the creation of a monolithic and rigid structure, practically not subject to deformation. The design features that were laid down during the development of the product give a number of positive aspects allowing to obtain an economic effect in the production installation works... For reliable installation, only four fasteners are enough, versus 10-12 for thermal panels consisting of separate tiles. The situation is similar with grouting. This is the only type of thermal panels in which it is enough to rub only the butt joints to obtain the finishing result. Accordingly, you can significantly save both on fasteners, trowels, and on the timing and cost of installation.

Ceramic concrete thermal panels are inferior, only with insulation, here mainly expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam are used, and not polyurethane foam, which wins in thermal conductivity, however, due to this, the price of products significantly increases, and the difference in characteristics is not so significant. From the point of view of appearance, there is almost complete equality between clinkers and ceramic concrete, with the only difference that the latter are more similar to the texture of the classic facing brick, smooth and chipped textures, allowing you to choose color scheme of 12 available options.
It was short review for various types of thermal panels used for finishing the facades of buildings in our time.

Many when deciding the issue of insulation and creating unique look buildings use thermal panels made of clinker tiles. This material combines two complementary layers at once: insulation and facade tiles... Usually, a foam layer is used as a thermal insulator. The insulation layer can vary from 2 to 10 cm.

Advantages of thermal panels

The main advantages of thermal panels directly depend on the design of this product: the connection of two layers in itself mutually protects and complements each other. The insulation layer eliminates the possibility of moisture or condensation, and the tile layer reliably protects the foam from external influences.

The simplicity of the design and, which is important, the installation allows you to quickly and practically in any weather make insulation and external decoration of the facade of the building.

To install thermal panels from clinker tiles, you will need the following tool:

• hammer drill or hammer drill;
• cutting tool with a diamond wheel;
• hammer;
• a set of various spatulas, brushes and rags.

Instructions and technology for installing thermal panels

Installation of thermal panels from clinker tiles is carried out by attaching them to the wall surface using anchors or screws. If the structure is wooden, then it is more expedient to use self-tapping screws for wood; anchors are suitable for concrete and stone structures. The length of the fasteners is selected depending on the thickness of the heat insulator.

Depending on the surface to be treated, it is possible to fix the slabs using the frame method. This happens when the surface is impossible or very expensive to level and strengthen. The tolerances when laying thermal panels are relatively low - about 5 cm diagonally, but it is not always possible to withstand them. Therefore, the main and main requirement for the surface is its evenness.... Slight differences in plane are allowed and easily leveled during installation using polyurethane foam.

The panels are fastened according to the thorn-groove system, which allows them to be securely fastened together, and special ribs of the thermal insulation layer, overlapping each other, reliably protect against cracks and cold bridges

Frame installation method

With the wireframe method, a special supporting frame, on which later the plates will be fastened. It can be either wooden or metal profiles. Usually, galvanized profiles are used, since they have long term operation and resistant to both
biological and mechanical stress.

The frame is mounted directly to the wall surface or with brackets. In this case, the plane of the wall and corners is aligned with the frame. The slats are mounted along the width of the fixing holes of the thermoplates.

After creating the frame, the corners and main panels are installed. Fastening is done from left to right and from bottom to top. On average, 6-8 fasteners are required to fasten one plate.

Frameless fastening system

With a frameless mounting system, installation is carried out directly on the wall. After leveling and cleaning the surfaces, apply the necessary markings, lay zero level or the border of the bottom row of panels. It should be clearly horizontal across the entire level of the house. After that, the corner element of the first row is installed. To do this, the panel is installed in place and drilled into the wall of the house through the mounting holes, the anchor is installed and fixed with nails. Subsequent panels are attached after him from left to right and from bottom to top.

With slight surface irregularities, it is allowed to create a small gap between the panel and the wall of the building, which is filled polyurethane foam... Although the panels have a low mass (the largest does not exceed 20 kg), do not weaken the structure, the panels must be securely fixed to the wall. Subsequent panels are attached in the same way.

When installing the next row of thermal panels with your own hands, you will need to use special wedges, similar to those used when laying ceramic tiles. They are needed in order to expose the panels to each other with a certain gap. It is advisable to keep this gap the same on all panels, it must correspond to the gap set between the tiles of the thermal panel.

For framing the external and internal corners of the building, window and door openings, ready-made special panels are used. But you can do without them. For this, the joints of the panels are cut at an angle of 45 0 and additionally foamed.

Installation video for facade thermal panels with clinker tiles

Grouting

After the installation of all panels, the stage of grouting follows. This stage is the most time consuming. Special facade grout is used to fill the joints. Their consumption on average is about 3 kg per 1 m 2.

Grouting must be done very carefully so as not to stain the surface of the tiles. Grout on the tile surface must be removed before it dries completely, followed by thorough washing. Joints must be rubbed completely, without voids and gaps. It is desirable to maintain one total trowel depth. Do not use abrasive products to clean the tiles, as this may damage the outer layer. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that not all grouting can be applied in a thick (wide) layer.

The grout must be selected not only by color, but also according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

The procedure for working with grouting for facades is approximately similar to the procedure for grouting joints. ceramic slabs... But at the same time, there is one feature: if, when grouting ceramic tiles, it is allowed to get grout on the surface of the tile, then during facade work this contact must be minimized. The surface texture of tiles for interior and exterior use is different.

Grout, after application with a spatula, must be given required view and depth, go through the places of horizontal and vertical joints and, without waiting for drying, remove excess from the surface of the tile with a wet cloth. After drying, stains may appear, which must also be removed; for this, you can use special cleaning solutions or high pressure water pressure.

Video on grouting thermal panels

Thermal panels installation cost

The average price for installing thermal panels is 800 rubles / m2, depending on the material from which the walls of the structure are built, as well as the configuration of the facade. For framework method finishing the cost of the frame device varies from 200 to 300 rubles / m 2. Sewing joints for 1 m 2 of surface will cost 300-350 rubles, and finishing of slopes at 400 rubles. per running meter.

Conclusion! Subject to the installation technology and selection quality materials the facade, made of thermal panels, will retain an attractive appearance throughout the entire period of operation, and will also help to significantly increase the energy efficiency of the building.

• Types of front thermal panels
• Installation of front thermal panels

Facade thermal panels - description, constructive

Facade thermal panels are composite material designed for simultaneous insulation and cladding of external walls without intermediate processes. Unlike a "wet" facade, when installing thermal panels, no reinforcing and decorative layers are required, and unlike curtain facades, installation is carried out without a ventilation gap, as tightly as possible to the base. Facade thermal panels consist mainly of two layers:

• base - heat-insulating material with a thorn-groove or quarter fixation system;
• cladding (decorative and protective layer) - imitation of brickwork or texture natural stone separate segments or casting.

We began to produce facade thermal panels in Germany, from where they spread to European countries, and later appeared on our market. In its original form, the surface of the panels imitated, which is considered one of the strongest and most durable, but also one of the most expensive building materials... As a cladding in the panels, more affordable clinker tiles were used, which are soldered into the base by means of characteristic protrusions - "dovetail" during the production process.

Modern panels are produced both by integration into the base and by the glue method - the facing to the base is glued with special compounds with high adhesion. Thermal panels with a monolithic decorative layer with imitation of seams also appeared.

Ilkuzmin FORUMHOUSE Member

The design is not unique - the consumer gets warm facade completely imitating a good facing brick... The main difference is that the thermal panel is made with a one-piece decorative layer. One can argue a lot - this is an advantage or a disadvantage, but practice shows very good results.

Today you can find not only classic, clinker thermal panels, but also other types.

Types of front thermal panels

Facade thermal panels are classified according to several criteria, but first of all they differ in the material from which the base is made. Most often these are:

• expanded polystyrene (PPS);
• extruded polystyrene foam (EPS, XPS);
• polyurethane foam (PPU).

All these bases are characterized by minimal thermal conductivity, resistance to biological damage and high hydrophobicity, which makes them the optimal base for facade panels. The main difference between them is vapor permeability - if foamed polystyrene foam can be used even for insulation, then extruded, with practically zero throughput, is no longer suitable for such a base. As for the polyurethane foam, opinions differ.

Kostya9 Participant of FORUMHOUSE

Insulation of facades with polyurethane foam thermal panels, in my opinion, can be used on vapor-tight structures - frame frames, hangars.

albach_viktor FORUMHOUSE Member

Let's start with the fact that polyurethane foam is different, first of all, depending on the density - PU foam of the 10th and 25th density PUF are completely different materials in their characteristics, not to mention the 40th density. This is to the question of vapor permeability - for some reason, most people got the impression that PPU and EPS are almost the same thing. And from here came the myth that polyurethane foam, like extrusion, does not allow steam and moisture to pass through. So, the 10th density is almost like mineral wool, and it has the same problems - excessive vapor permeability, etc. While 45-50 density of polyurethane foam, which goes to the thermal panel, has a vapor permeability approximately like 35 density PPP.

I will not give figures or theory, only facts - we have been making thermal panels based on polyurethane foam for 8-9 years, in the Altai Territory there are about 1000 objects, both brick houses, as well as wooden and aerated concrete. We try to keep in touch with most of our clients to one degree or another, and we often stop by to check how the facade and the house itself feel. There were no problems with the accumulation of moisture in the walls or in the house itself.

The facing layer is no less important, since the durability of the thermal panels and their appearance will depend on its strength and resistance to external factors. Thermal panels are faced with the most different materials... Several types are most in demand:

• Clinker tiles are a classic look, like clinker bricks, clinker tiles have minimal hydrophobicity (2-3%), highest strength (M500) and frost resistance (more than 300 cycles). Clinker thermal panels are in the greatest demand, despite the emergence of alternative facing materials.
• Ceramic tiles - simulates a smooth or textured facing brick laying. Ceramics is inferior to clinker in terms of characteristics, but its parameters are quite enough to obtain for many years. The problem of efflorescence, which is characteristic not only of ceramic bricks, but also of ceramic tiles, is solved by using specialized compositions. One of the subspecies of ceramic tiles - porcelain stoneware, is also a fairly common facing of thermal panels.
• Decorative (printed) concrete - thanks to special additives, it allows you to obtain any texture that is practically indistinguishable from the original, is characterized by high decorativeness, strength and durability. A variety of decorative concrete is ceramic concrete, a novelty among thermal panel claddings.
• - a mixture of acrylic polymer with natural ingredients (quartz sand, ground marble, etc.). New, the surface of the panel is rough and without separate "bricks". To prevent contamination of the textured surface, the panels are covered with a water repellent. This large format looks unusual, but everyone has different tastes.

DrinkerBeer FORUMHOUSE Member

Flexible stone are casts from a sandy field, where there is no clear symmetry, and each panel is at least slightly different from the others. These are not bricks, practically indistinguishable from one another. Here is an idea in imitating masonry from natural material, but in nature not everything is symmetrical and congruent. The seams are quite noticeable, but the clinker is also separated by the seams, and there are much less problems with them than with the same tiles - and there is less rubbing, and the length of the seams is less. The gaps between the panels are less than a millimeter, they are closed with a mixture of acrylic and sand-mix from the same batch.

As for plastic and metal (with a polymer finishing layer) thermal panels, they are often used for. On the facade, the polymer texture looks unnatural and is little better than vinyl siding, and this is what they want to avoid by choosing thermal panels as a way not only to insulate, but also to transform the house.

Installation of front thermal panels

The effectiveness of the insulating layer depends not so much on the thermal conductivity of the material as on the correct installation.

In order for the thermal panels to provide sufficient thermal resistance, they must fit as tightly as possible to the base.

In most cases, this is achieved through a combination of mechanical and adhesive bonding. Depending on the type wall material, specialized dowels (fungi) and glue-foam in cylinders or glue mixtures based on cement are used. The number of fasteners depends on the mass of the panel, usually fixed at the edges and in the center. Foam glue is applied to the panel, and the joints are additionally sealed with it.

SSuhov FORUMHOUSE Member

It is obligatory to fix mechanically, it does not matter whether there are locks or not, at least 6-8 pieces per 1 m². I recommend a dowel with a fiberglass nail and an anchor element of 100 mm - this is ideal for GB. I mounted PSB-S 25 F panels for myself - polyurethane glue, anchor after 24 hours.

External cladding of private houses is carried out using various materials, from brick to vinyl siding and plaster. In the past few decades, thermal façade panels have been considered the best solution for insulating a facade and giving it an ideal appearance.

The basis for this is the design of the material - a layer of polyurethane foam or polystyrene 60 mm thick with decorative coating... They stick together special composition Berit PUR501 type (German-made glue), which guarantees a reliable and permanent connection.

Should you choose thermal panels for facade cladding?

There are no restrictions for the use of this material - thermal panels for the facade can be mounted on any type of walls: concrete, brick, plastered or without a layer of plaster, made of wood or any dense fibrous materials.

Example of finishing an external wall of a building

Facing material is used for finishing new buildings and in the process of insulating old buildings. At the same time, the appearance of buildings undergoes drastic changes, acquiring a completely new appearance.

The main reasons for using facade thermal panels:

• using this facing material, you can correct the broken geometry of the walls;
• installation work is carried out in any weather;
• on sale there are many colors and textures of panels, allowing you to carry out various design projects;
• the use of thermal panels minimizes the time finishing works and does not require special professional training of performers;
• fastening is carried out with dowels, glue, foam for polystyrene plates;
• panels have a long service life of the cladding, exceeding fifty years;
• the material is resistant to decay, mold or fungus;
• thanks to design features and observance of geometric dimensions, there are no prerequisites for the appearance of cold bridges, and the dew point after installation is in a layer of insulation;
• the low weight of the panels (about 15 kg per 1 sq. meter) eliminates the need to reinforce the existing foundation when renovating old buildings.

Facade thermal panels are manufactured by leading manufacturers of cladding materials, including A.D.W. Klinker, TERMOSIT, Izosiding and many others. Photos of facade thermal panels of various types are presented on the manufacturers' websites. We will show you the main ones here:

Multi-colored panels on the wall Light thermal panels for brick Panel assembly work

Mounting on inner corner building
Different thermal panels on the showcase Dark brick-like panels

Types of front thermal panels

See what the main types of thermal panels are used in construction and decoration.

Clinker thermal panels

Clinker is a finishing material that is distinguished by an impeccable appearance, with many options for color and texture of natural material, and the absence of chemical additives in the composition. In terms of strength and resistance to aggressive environments, facade thermal panels with clinker tiles are not inferior to natural stone. The clinker has a very low water absorption coefficient - less than 3%, its strength grade is M800, and the frost resistance indicator is more than three hundred cycles.

Example of finishing with clinker thermal panels

Facade thermal panels with glazed tiles

As well as panels with a decorative layer of clinker tiles, this type of coating is very popular for exterior decoration facades of low-rise private houses. The tile has a smooth surface, often imitating brickwork. Its main characteristics are: excellent appearance, the ability to simulate various materials, easy installation, long service life.

Glazed tiles (ceramics) look much better than conventional clinker panels

There are also facade thermal panels of the following types: metal with insulation based on synthetic insulation up to 10 centimeters thick, fiberboard with PU foam insulation, polystyrene foam coated with acrylic or marble chips.

All types of thermal panels are distinguished by a long service life, excellent appearance, the ability to imitate brickwork or natural stone, effective preservation heat in the building. Proof of this is positive reviews about facade thermal panels, which are posted on the Internet by developers who have used them to decorate their homes.

Installation of thermal panels

Installation of facing thermal panels is carried out in various ways:

1. With wall irregularities not exceeding 30 mm vertically, installation is carried out directly on the cleaned surface using plastic, metal dowels or self-tapping screws. For gas silicate, foam concrete blocks and cinder blocks, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier film or membrane.
2. In cases of distortion of the geometry of the facade or when installing on wooden walls pre-fixed substructures made of metal profile or timber with a cross section of 30-50 millimeters.

When installing without using the lathing along the basement, a line for the basement profile is marked along the perimeter of the building 15-20 centimeters below the floor level. The bottom plane of the launch pad, located at this height, avoids the risk of cold bridges. Holes are drilled in the wall for dowels for the first panel from the corner of the facade, its outer edge is sawn at an angle of 45 ° (if not used corner pieces), then the panel is fixed to the facade and sealed with polyurethane foam. Installation continues from left to right and from bottom to top. At the end of the joints between the panels, it is filled with frost-resistant grout.

Different panel locks

Installation on the crate is carried out in accordance with the fixed and leveled horizontal and vertical guides.

A standard facade thermal panel has an area of ​​0.68 square meters, their sale is carried out by the piece. This saves money on facing the house, given the fact that when using thermal panels, there is no need for additional wall insulation.

Private sector developers have fully appreciated the advantages of using facade thermal panels and their use in our country is constantly growing.

Without going into numbers, let's do comparative review fundamental differences in the production of thermal panels themselves and dwell on what distinguishes this facade system from other popular today in the construction market. Thermal panels are a ready-made facade that can be used both for newly constructed buildings and for long-term operated buildings, the appearance of which I would like to significantly improve, plus receive a significant bonus in the form of additional insulation.

Thermal panels have different design features, ranging from the materials of which they are made up to installation methods. Let's define what types of thermal panels are. According to the materials of the facing layer:

• metal coated with polymer paint;
• foil-coated aluminum coated with polymer paint;
• decorative concrete;
• porcelain stoneware;
• clinker;
• plastics.

According to the main layer (it is also a heater): - expanded polystyrene (PPS); - extruded polystyrene foam (EPS); - polyurethane foam (PPU).

These types of materials are the main ones in the use of thermal panels. There are manufacturers who are experimenting with other types of materials for the production of thermal panels, but since they are not widespread, we will not consider them. Let us dwell on the advantages and disadvantages of the materials under consideration in more detail. The facing layer plays not only a decorative role, but also serves as a protective layer from the external aggressive environment in the form of precipitation, temperature changes and exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and ensures the removal of moisture from the structure to the outside. All of the listed materials of the facing layer can be divided into 2 subgroups:

• Having the ability to remove moisture to the outside (decorative concrete, porcelain stoneware, clinker);
• And not hydrophobic (metal, aluminum, plastic).

  All materials provide weather protection equally well, but with ultraviolet it is not so simple. Materials that have a natural inorganic base, for a very long time, a hundred years or more, do not fade and retain their initial appearance... These include all ceramics: clinker, porcelain stoneware. Decorative concrete is somewhat inferior in fading time, but since it contains inorganic iron-oxide pigments, decorative properties have a rather long period - 50 years or more. Metal siding, metal profile, basement and vinyl siding have a polymer coating that preserves decorative view up to 10 years. Another of important characteristics the facing layer is the mechanical strength to external influences. All polymer-coated materials are seriously vulnerable in this regard. Monolithic ones have an advantage, because when chips and scratches appear, their appearance is not disturbed.

  The main layer does not have so many varieties, but plays a very significant role, since it is responsible for the structural rigidity of the panel itself, thermal performance, hygroscopicity, water absorption, flammability, toxicity, service life. There is heated debate about these materials on the Internet. Producers and consumers argue. We will also make our contribution, based on practical experience (more than 10 years) of using these materials in the production of our thermal panels.

  The first material we used was Styrofoam. Its main advantage is very low cost... The disadvantages turned out to be much more. With an increase in the density of the PSP to ensure the structural rigidity of the thermal panel and with the addition of fire retardants to reduce the crazy combustibility of the material, its main advantage - the price - is lost. The thermal characteristics of PPS are worthy of respect, however, the diffusion of water vapor is difficult, since the PPS granules are absolutely hermetic. Moisture is concentrated in the cavities, which causes the appearance of fungi and the destruction of the base itself. That is, we can say that the material does not have breathable characteristics. After several years of operation of thermal panels with PSP, such negatives as shrinkage and the appearance of cracks in the joints begin to appear, due to the fact that styrene actively evaporates from the PSP at temperatures of 40 degrees and above. Extruded polystyrene has the same feature. The difference between EPS and PPS is only in its closed structure. It does not allow moisture and water vapor to pass through, that is, you can forget about its breathable characteristics.

  Attaching the face layer to the base is also a problem. There are two options here: gluing the tiles to the EPS and using dovetail tiles. Both options have drawbacks: when using glue, vapor transparency disappears, the dovetail does not provide a strong connection and the weight of the entire panel increases, since the tiles are twice as thick.

  When pouring polyurethane foam directly onto the facing layer, due to the high adhesion of polyurethane foam, the structure is monolithic and the maximum pull-off resistance is achieved. Also, polyurethane foam has a water vapor diffusion identical to wood, which allows moisture to be removed from the wall structure. PPU itself has very good vapor resistance, which makes it possible to use it even in frame structures... Polyurethane foam, although it belongs to the group of combustible materials, is hardly combustible and self-extinguishing materials. At correct installation thermal panels with the exception of air convection, it became possible to use thermal panels on wooden buildings. The positive characteristics of the design of polyurethane foam panels include the maximum thermal resistance, the best of all existing heaters. The long service life of polyurethane foam is limited by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, but since it is located in the wall structure and covered with a facing layer, we get the opportunity to operate facade system, the same with the entire service life of the building. Ecology also turned out to be at its best: the material is an irreversible polymer and exposure to temperatures up to +160 degrees does not cause the release of volatile elements in PUF.

  For the facade system, the fundamental parameters are breathability (removal of moisture to the outside), reliable operation, weather resistance, ease of installation. The optimal combination We were able to obtain these parameters by using polyurethane foam as a base in the production of thermal panels, and clinker, porcelain stoneware, decorative concrete as a facing layer.

  Panel design, its geometry, method of joining are important distinctive feature thermal panels from various manufacturers. Design features(method of joining panels "thorn-groove") allow to carry out assembly in a simple sequence without additional manipulations with glue, alignment on a plane (no steps between the panels). So be careful when choosing a manufacturer, because the facing layer may be the same for all manufacturers, but the panel design determines the manufacturer's seriousness. Pay Special attention on the construction of thermal panels! The cladding layer, even if it is very beautiful, will not play a role if your building is damaged by uneven joints!

  In conclusion, one more feature of thermal panels should be noted: this is the solidity of the entire wall structure, due to the installation method. Thermal panels are mounted without an air gap, without the use of subsystems, directly on the wall itself. This ensures the structural rigidity of the thermal panel at the expense of the main wall. Due to the properties of the polyurethane foam and the facing layer, moisture is removed into the atmosphere. This is what distinguishes it from other systems such as vinyl siding, basement siding, metal siding and other materials that prevent moisture from passing through the entire wall structure. In this case, it is necessary to arrange a subsystem and a ventilated gap to remove moisture into the atmosphere.

  What are the prospects for the development of such a relatively new facade system - "thermal panels"? Time will tell whether there is a resource for improvement, but it is already clear today that such facades confidently take their place among such "classics" monolithic walls, how brickwork and facade plaster, changing the fashion for temporary ventilated facades from developers.