It is not so easy to get a suitable septic tank for country house- what to choose depends on many factors, so it is important to determine the main priorities and criteria for evaluating the compared models. Of course, professional advice and help from neighbors can be of great help, but remember that the choice is individual in each case. It depends, first of all, on the needs of the residents of the house and the conditions at a particular facility. The right choice will ensure maximum comfort and avoid problems during the operation and maintenance of an autonomous sewage system.

When figuring out which septic tank to choose for a country house, you should understand that it is important not only to compare the models with each other, but also to correlate their characteristics with specific conditions.

Consider the following:

• climatic conditions,
• structure, density and other features of the soil on the site,
• operating mode, which is determined by the nature of living in the house (permanent, seasonal, periodic),
• average daily volume Wastewater(this parameter can be calculated according to a more complex scheme, taking into account the type and number of plumbing fixtures and washing equipment, but more often they use a simplified scheme, considering that the average daily water consumption of one person is about 200 liters).

Recyclers models and their features

Any septic tank for the sewerage of a country house has its own characteristics.

Storage devices

Accumulators are the cheapest and easiest utilizers at the construction stage. It is advisable to choose them in the case when the house is not used too often or if the owners are ready to often use the services of sewers.

Factory septic tanks with additional post-treatment stages

Factory non-volatile septic tanks for a country house (for example, Tank, Triton, etc.) for effective work supplied with infiltrators or soil purification systems for them can be arranged independently. In the tanks of such products, settling and partial purification of effluents occurs, and the final biological decomposition of impurities with the help of bacteria is carried out in the soil. Many people know that for the installation of such septic tanks areas with a high location are not suitable groundwater , however, there is one more nuance - the filtration fields cannot always be in one place, and their transfer is a rather laborious task, associated with the implementation of a large volume earthworks... The choice of a septic tank for a country house should take into account all the features of operation.

Advice: Instead of filtration fields, it is possible to use a drainage well with a filtration bottom.

Self-made septic tanks

Self-construction of a septic tank takes time and effort, but this is largely justified by the cost-effectiveness of the option. Building a septic tank is much cheaper than purchasing a factory model.

Consecutively connected sedimentation tanks, poured concrete or, as well as other materials, provide a stepwise clarification of effluents and can be quite effective when the right choice volume and type of construction, as well as subject to the recommendations of specialists at the construction stage.

Deep cleaning stations

Local stations deep cleaning for waste water can only be purchased. The sedimentation of impurities in such models is combined with the decomposition of organic inclusions under the influence of and anaerobic and aerobic bacteria... The advantages of such facilities are a high degree of purification and minimal maintenance requirements - VOCs operate in an automatic mode. However, it should be remembered that deep cleaning stations volatile and need to be connected to the mains supply... Also, for many owners country houses A limiting factor in purchasing is the high cost of VOCs.

Soil features

Before determining which septic tank is best for a country house, study in detail the geological conditions at your site. In addition to the type of soil, the level of occurrence of surface waters is important, as well as the height of their rise, for example, during a flood.

Models for light soils

If the soil in the country or backyard territory a country house sandy or with a high sand content (sandy loam), for arrangement autonomous sewerage any type of septic tank can be chosen. In particular, models with soil purification systems are effective under these conditions, since light soils pass and filter water well.

On light soils, both expensive bio-purification stations and simple budget storage devices work well.

The photo shows an example of the arrangement of filtration fields on the site

Heavy soil models

The high content of clay, which passes water only in a dry state, and, being saturated with moisture, becomes a waterproofing agent, imposes certain restrictions on the choice of a treatment facility. If the soil on the site is clay or loam, and you are looking for the best septic tank for a country house, the rating will be headed by sealed storage tanks and local treatment plants (VOCs). In this case, it is not rational to install a model with additional soil cleaning. Theoretically, this is possible, but for the device to function normally, you will have to perform great amount earthworks - delete clay soil, replacing it with rubble or sand.

Models for areas with high water levels

High level ground waters or their significant rise in floods can create certain problems in the operation of autonomous sewerage systems. To avoid them, it is important to choose the right type of heat exchanger. Models that provide for the filtration of wastewater through the soil will not work in this case - the impurities in them will get into the groundwater.

Acceptable options are:

• sealed storage devices,
• VOCs, which provide for the forced removal of the purified liquid,
• septic tanks with a post-treatment system located on the ground surface.

Obviously, under any conditions, you can find the best septic tank for a country house - decide what to choose for yourself.

Wastewater treatment plant performance

For trouble-free operation of the septic tank and to prevent overfilling of tanks, it is important to choose the right model performance. This parameter, in turn, is related to the volume of cameras and their number.

It has already been indicated above that the average daily volume of fluid consumption is about 200 liters per person. The septic tank, according to the accepted norms and rules, must contain the amount of drains in three days, so this figure should be tripled and multiplied by the number of residents. The result obtained will be the required performance of the utilizer, but experts do not recommend choosing “at a minimum”, a small margin should be made - 10-15% of the estimated volume, which is a kind of insurance and a way to reduce the risk of overflow of tanks.

Having decided on the volume of the product, you can solve the issue of the number of cameras.

• Single-chamber models are suitable with a minimum amount of wastewater (average daily volume is less than a cubic meter).
• If the daily volume of wastewater is no more than ten cubic meters, a two-chamber septic tank will be the best option.
• Three-chamber models will ensure trouble-free waste disposal, even if a family of 4 permanently lives in the house, they are designed to process wastewater in a volume of more than 10 cubic meters per day.

Pricing

Many manufacturers produce different kinds septic tanks for a country house. The presence in the model lines of products with different parameters allows you to make a rational choice for each house. At the same time, there are also specific features for each brand.

All parameters affect the cost of the utilizer, including:

• septic tank volume,
• the number of tanks connected in series (chambers, cleaning stages),
• technology used for wastewater treatment,
• availability of additional equipment (float level meters, automatic control systems, filters, drainage pumps, airlifts, compressors),
• body material,
• company manufacturer.

You can learn from another article as a soil purification system.

If you decide to use it as a sewer, then our article will help in their selection and installation.

About features independent device outdoor toilet here.

Popular models

To make it easier to navigate in the variety of models, we offer short review septic tanks for a country house from the most famous manufacturers.

Tank

Non-volatile septic tanks, one of the advantages of which is the presence of a monolithic body, which excludes the possibility of waste getting into groundwater. To increase the strength of the case, they are equipped with stiffening ribs. V lineup There are compact models for septic tanks of this brand for a small summer cottage (productivity - 600 l / day) and high-performance (from 1200 l / day) products designed for permanent residence of a family of 5-6 people.

Triton

Septic tanks Triton are compact single-chamber models of the "mini" class (Triton-Mini, Triton-Micro) and models for a large number wastewater (from 1000 l / day) with three chambers connected in series (Triton-T). All structures are characterized by increased strength, capable of withstanding loads from soil pressure.

Topas

Models of this brand are energy-dependent (refer to stations of deep biological treatment- purify wastewater by 98%), but differ from analogues in low energy consumption. Reviews of septic tanks for a country house brand "Topas" prove their reliability. Additionally, users mark big choice products that differ in technical characteristics (productivity, the degree of burial of the sewer pipe, the method of drainage, etc.).

Living in a dacha allows you not only to take a break from the bustle of the city, but also to enjoy nature, clean air, and find peace. But so that nothing interferes with a good rest, you have to take care of the arrangement of the benefits of civilization - water supply, electricity and sewerage, right?

Are you trying to figure out how to choose a septic tank for a summer residence, so as not to overpay and not miscalculate? We will help you in this matter - our article discusses the types of septic tanks, their structural and functional differences. Indeed, in order to select the optimal utilizer, it is advisable to get acquainted with existing options.

Sewage equipment manufacturers offer the most different options designed to facilitate suburban life.

Among the equipment options there are both simple and inexpensive models and rather complex biological wastewater treatment plants.

It is rather difficult to choose one thing, especially if the owner of the cottage is faced with this issue for the first time.

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Septic tank - a local sewerage device on the site. There are many types of systems and types.

This and simple constructions, made by themselves, and sewage treatment plants. This article should help you choose the best septic tank for your private home.

The main purpose is collection, settling and purification of waste effluents. Used in places where there is no centralized system- in suburban areas, outside the city.

There are several parameters by which this component of the local sewage system is classified:

• by the number of wells;
• by material;
• on constructive solutions.

Based on the number of wells, there are one-chamber, two-chamber and three-chamber. The material in the manufacture is steel, reinforced concrete, plastic. By design, they are classified as accumulative, with soil additional treatment, with deep filtration.

Cumulative

Consists of one chamber or two interconnected wells. Waste that enters a hermetically sealed storage tank is divided into liquid and solid. Organic matter split, and the liquid settles. To prevent chambers from overflowing, they should be evacuated periodically.

This option is considered not the most expensive. They are used in dachas where accommodation takes place only during the season or on weekends. In this case, you can clean it once a year.

Important: storage systems should be used with a small amount of drains, for example, in summer cottages, otherwise the cost of their maintenance will be high.

In the construction of the structure, concrete rings and plastic containers are used.

With soil post-treatment

In a house with permanent residence and water supply the best option there will be an installation of an overflow structure. In it, the liquid is not only settled, but also further purified.

This type requires pumping less often. It is cleaned by hand every two to three years. To increase this period, special bacteria are used. As a result of their activity, the amount of denser waste is significantly reduced.

There is only one caveat when using this model - soil type. It cannot be built on a site with clayey soil and a high GWL.

With biological treatment

The decomposition of waste in such an installation takes place in several stages and different methods... First, liquid and solid waste fractions are separated. Then the denser ones settle to the bottom, and organic matter is bio-processed.

This model is more of a cleaning station equipped with a compressor. It is quite expensive, but neutralizes up to 95% of the waste mass. Installed in areas located near a reservoir or with a high GWL. During operation, it does not emit any odors.

The principle of operation of a septic tank is based on connecting to power grids. With an unstable power supply, the station will not be able to work.

Anaerobic and aerobic

Some types of modern sedimentation tanks use bacteria. In the course of their life, they absorb waste and contribute to the natural treatment of wastewater. According to the principle of work, they are:

• aerobic;
• anaerobic.

Aerobic bacteria purify and clarify liquid by 95-98%. At the exit from the aerobic system, it meets the requirements for industrial water. This liquid can be used to water the soil or fill the reservoir.

Anaerobic septic tank requires constant care... The bioactivator must be replenished every two months to ensure that the wastewater is treated at an adequate level. The advantages of using this type include low cost structures.

How to choose

In parallel with the construction of the house, a sewerage system is being designed. Previously, they did not really care about this, and all the masses were simply poured into cesspools.

Later, they began to be replaced by septic tanks - containers for collecting sewage from a residential building. To know which sump to choose, you should study all the factors that affect its location on the site.

We take into account the type of soil

The type of soil on the site should be taken into account. Some of them are not suitable for use in clayey rock, others are preferable to install in sandy soil.

In your work, you should adhere to a few simple rules:

• when groundwater is located at a depth of one and a half meters, it is difficult to prepare drainage for a three-section sump;
• it is preferable to mount a container with biological treatment on sandy soil. The liquid is discharged directly into the sand, where it is absorbed. Filtration drainage is arranged closer to the surface;
• in case of a high level of surface water, the option with deep biological treatment should be used. It is made heavier with the help of improvised means or fixed.

Clay is an unstable material that requires additional work in the installation of a sump. At the end of the frost, the structure of the clay changes, it thaws and pushes the structure out of the soil. Therefore, a septic tank in clayey rock is equipped with additional metal clamps during installation.

For tanks used in clayey soils, two filtration fields are arranged. For this, two trenches are brought to the sump. In one there are, and in the other - a layer of gravel, the height of which is up to 30 cm.

Seasonality and volume calculation

An important point when choosing the type of sump is the period of residence in the country or in your house. When installing a minimum set of plumbing, an inexpensive single-chamber storage option is quite suitable.

Despite its simplicity, from cesspool it is qualitatively different. Sand or crushed stone is poured into the bottom of the storage tank. Thus, a filtration layer is formed that cleans the effluent with a 50% result.

For longer stays, the compact two-chamber version should be purchased. It consists of sections for settling and infiltration of effluents. The use of this type of equipment is effective if the volume of the drain mass does not exceed its standard value.

Important: when purchasing a septic tank, carefully consider the choice of it technical characteristics. Special attention should be given to how many tenants it is designed for.

With permanent residence and sufficient funds, it is better to purchase a whole station, consisting of two or three sections. It can be factory-made or self-built from iron concrete rings.

When it is installed, a one- or two-chamber accumulator and a filtering section are combined. The sedimentation tanks are made sealed, and the filtration septic tank with a drainage bottom of sand and gravel. The liquid from the storage sections is pumped out with a flusher, and the filter is changed every three years. This multi-chamber sump purifies wastewater by up to 90%.

The volume of the device is calculated based on the average daily allowance sewage drains per person. This figure is 200 liters. Also, when calculating the capacity of the sump, the number of people living in the house and the possibility of accumulating a three-day supply are taken into account. For example, for a family of three, the volume is calculated as follows: 200 * 3 people * 3 days - equal to 1800 liters.

In case of arrival of guests, the received volume should be increased by two-thirds: 1800 * 1.66 - equal to 3000 liters.

The recommended depth of the sedimentation tanks is 1.3-5 meters. Using this data, determine their cubic capacity and select required view... With a volume of wastewater up to 1 cubic meter. use a single-chamber version, with a volume of up to 10 cubic meters. choose a two-chamber type if the volume of wastewater is more than 10 cubic meters. - three-chambered, with a drainage field.

A sedimentation tank with a field for filtration unites two or three wells. The drainage zone covers an area of ​​at least 30 square meters underground. The distance from the field to the house is 30 meters.

With a high occurrence of groundwater in the area, it is recommended to install a multi-section septic tank with a biofilter. This model includes four compartments: a sump, an anaerobic chamber where large waste is decomposed, a separator containing a filter with microorganisms, and an aerobic septic tank with forced ventilation.

The performance of the proposed wastewater treatment plants meets a wide variety of requirements. There are also small options for servicing a family of one or two people, and whole treatment complexes for servicing a summer cottage village.

Material for making

Most of the models of modern multi-chamber devices used in private homes are made from PVC. Often there are products from of stainless steel and fiberglass.

The main advantage of plastic products is their low weight. Their installation does not require the involvement of a special construction equipment... On the other hand, this quality is also a disadvantage, since the container can float or be subjected to mechanical action of the soil. To protect the structure, concreting of the pit walls and securing the septic tank with belts are used.

The service life and reliability of the product depend on the choice of the material of the product:

• Reinforced concrete rings used in the construction of sedimentation tanks do not undergo destructive corrosion processes. To install them, it is necessary to involve special equipment.
• Metal structures are durable and low cost. But, perhaps, these are the only advantages. Such types require additional waterproofing work. The inner walls are constantly in contact with the active chemical material, which leads to destruction.
• Fiberglass is a chemically neutral material that is strong, lightweight and resistant to temperature changes.

For your information: fiberglass products are the most practical to use and have a long service life.

For cleaning structures in country houses, factory or home-made sedimentation tanks are used.

Do-it-yourself options from scrap materials are suitable only for summer cottages with seasonal residence of several people. For a home with permanent residence of people, it is better to use a purchased installation, which guarantees a long and safe disposal of waste.

The use of a two-chamber device allows for the primary treatment of wastewater and safely discharges the treated water into the soil.

Service

Trouble-free operation of a septic tank requires its maintenance. These works are carried out on their own or with the involvement of specialists.

Simple two-chamber designs, made by hand, are maintained by the owners of the houses themselves. These works include pumping out solid fractions and sludge from the settler chamber, replacing microorganisms for the decomposition of organic matter, revision of ventilation and overflow pipes.

The filter layer at the bottom of the leaking chamber should be replaced every three years. This should be done, since the bottom is silted up, which leads to a deterioration in its performance.

By performing these simple operations, you will extend the operation of the local sewerage system for several years.

If your house is serviced by a multi-chamber treatment plant, then its disassembly, filter cleaning, and membrane replacement should be carried out by qualified specialists.

Costs for the device of local sewerage

The cheapest structures are sedimentation tanks or sewers. If you dig a pit yourself, then the financial costs will only go to the purchase of a container for drains. approximate price septic tanks with a volume of 1.4 to 5.0 thousand liters - 15.0-62.0 thousand rubles.

When installing a local sewage system, the costs include not only the purchase of sedimentation tanks, but also the purchase of pipes, waterproofing, and the purchase of components for.

The cost, consisting of two or three reinforced concrete sedimentation tanks with waterproofing and a cushion of sand and crushed stone, is about 42.0-47.0 thousand rubles. The price depends on the diameter of the rings, their number, the choice of the method of water purification.

The applied installations for deep biological wastewater treatment have a high cost. Arranged in the form of combined blocks, equipped with biofilters. They are made of reinforced concrete, plastic and metal. Price from 80.0 to 345.0 thousand rubles.

Popular models and principles of work

• two-chamber septic tank with a drainage field. It allows you to make the drains cleaner and use the services of a sewer less often. The drainage area is up to 30 square meters. area underground. Distance from home - at least 30 m;
• multi-section sump with biofilter. Used in case permanent residence families of 3-4 people in country house and with a high occurrence of groundwater at the site.

The standard model consists of four sections: a sump directly, a chamber for the decomposition of coarse waste with anaerobic, a separator with microorganisms, an aerobic septic tank that plays the role of a drainage field.

Designs can be found to suit a wide variety of user requirements. It can also be sewage treatment plants. Rating:

• "Triton". Compact in size three-chamber sump for summer cottages.

It is produced in models, the volume of which is from 2 to 40 cubic meters. Coarse waste is cleaned twice a year. The service life, subject to the rules, is about 50 years.

When installing, the walls of the pit are concreted to securely fasten the structure.

For small summer cottages with seasonal accommodation one or two people use two-chamber model"Triton-mini".

• "Tank". The septic tank is made of high-strength plastic.

The principle of operation is based on the step-by-step purification of effluents using sedimentation and the use of biofilters. The main advantages include ease of installation, a high level of purification, and low cost. Cleaning is carried out every five years.

• "Topas". It is a volatile model, as it operates on electricity.

Wastewater is cleaned in several stages: decomposition of large particles, reduction of their degree of mineralization, mechanical removal components. Allows to clean up drains by 98%, which is the best indicator. Purified water is used to irrigate the soil.

In order to pick up correct option, you should find out the requirements of his work and study the conditions of the site. Then compare the characteristics of the models offered by different manufacturers.

Useful video

Detailed analysis:

Everything on the shelves:

Septic tank for a private house. Septic tank for a private house price.

A septic tank for a private house is a sine qua non comfortable stay, since only such a completely autonomous purification system can effectively remove wastewater where there is no possibility of connecting to the central sewerage system. Having installed a septic tank for a private house, the price of which is quite acceptable, the owners forget about outdoor toilet and buckets of water, like a nightmare. Care and maintenance septic tank for home does not require special efforts, and the cost of installation pays off very quickly.

Septic tank selection calculator

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How to choose a septic tank for a private house.

Each septic tank for a private house must effectively perform the most important function - to make wastewater safe for residents of the house and the surrounding area. At the same time, such an installation also helps to significantly save on utility bills.

Before choosing the most suitable and effective septic tank for a private house, some factors must be taken into account:

The number of people living in the house.

The volume of wastewater entering the system and the number of sources requiring maintenance (sinks, toilets, showers, bathtubs, washers, dishwashers).

The material from which the septic tank is made for a private house.

Features of the soil on the site and the terrain.

The presence of a nearby reservoir where excess water can be removed.

Septic tank performance.

If you choose a modern, highly efficient septic tank for a private house, then the best option would be concrete view cleaning station. Such a septic tank is not subject to temperature extremes and is resistant to soil pressure. A concrete septic tank for a private house can be made by hand or by contacting a professional company with experienced specialists. It is a structure of concrete rings, which are interconnected by reinforcement. Such a system is suitable for organizing a storage or slop local sewage system, and will good choice for a home where people live permanently.

An excellent option would be to buy a septic tank for a private house made of plastic. These are ready-made structures in the form of plastic containers that are excellent for any type of soil, have long term service and unpretentious in maintenance. Wastewater treatment plants provide a deeper degree of cleaning than concrete structures, but the price of a septic tank for a private house of this type will be higher.

Today, a fully autonomous septic tank for a private house is the most popular option. It uses forced multi-stage filtration, which ultimately purifies water up to 95-98%. The combined cleaning method (biological and mechanical) provides a guarantee of safety for the environment and the health of people living in the house.

It is best to buy a septic tank for a private house from a company that officially cooperates with the manufacturer and offers a full range of services for the installation of a treatment plant, start-up and service... A professional company gives a guarantee for all work performed and installs equipment in accordance with all the rules of SNiP and sanitary epidemiology.

A detailed video on installing a septic tank for a private house.

Pumping septic tank for a private house.

If you decide to install a pumping septic tank for a private house, then be prepared for the fact that it needs to be cleaned regularly. You can do this yourself or with the help of specialized companies.

1. Manual cleaning is time-consuming and labor-intensive and will require a solution to the waste disposal problem.

2. Mechanical pumping involves the use of special powerful pumps and equipment for waste disposal. A septic tank for a private house also needs a complete cleaning of the pipeline, liquefaction of activated sludge, and disinfection. All these services are not cheap, but they compensate for the time and nerves costs and guarantee a high quality of system cleansing.

3. An automatic septic tank for a private house, the price of which is higher than the cost of a concrete one, can be equipped with a pumping function. Filters are installed in it, which self-clean several times a month. However, here it is necessary to monitor the number of bacteria, since they are washed off along with the liquid into the sewer.

There is no universal answer to the question - which septic tank is better for a private house. For each individual case, you need to select the best option models and take into account the number of residents, the volume of wastewater, the characteristics of the soil and climate in the area. Domestic manufacturers of septic tanks offer wide range models of different performance, design and cost. Therefore, before you buy a septic tank for a private house, you should consult with experienced specialists.

If you are looking for an effective septic tank for a private house, the price of which is affordable, then here is a rating of the best options:

Treatment plant Poplar.

Cleaning system Topas.

Autonomous station Termit.

Septic tank for a private house Ecoline.

The list goes on since Russian manufacturers regularly improve their products and offer high quality new items on the market.

Installation of a septic tank for a private house.

A septic tank for a private house should be located at least 5 meters from a residential building. At the same time, up to the source drinking water must be at least 30 meters. When installing a septic tank for a private house, the price of which is affordable, it is worth remembering that the further it is from the house, the more it will take sewer pipes and the higher the final cost of the work will be. To install a septic tank for a private house, you need special tools and equipment, sand and cement, insulation for pipes. The process itself consists of 4 main stages:

1. A pit is pulled out for a septic tank and a ditch for the pipeline.

2. The septic tank is placed in the pit with the help of technology.

3. The pipeline is mounted and connected with a slope of 1-2 cm per 1 running meter pipes.

4. With a mixture of sand and cement 5: 1, the entire structure is filled up and compacted.

Thus, you can install a septic tank for a private house on your own, but it is better to entrust this difficult work to professionals in order to guarantee a perfectly functioning wastewater treatment system.

Installing a septic tank - practical way solving the problem of wastewater disposal when arranging a local sewerage system. But, you see, among the diversity ready-made structures sometimes it is not easy to make a choice.

To simplify the task, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with an overview of the main types treatment facilities and popular models from leading manufacturers. We will tell you which septic tank to choose based on the peculiarities of its operation, and we will outline the main parameters of the device that must be taken into account when buying.

For a better understanding of the issue, we supplemented the information with photographs of various models of utilizers, as well as diagrams for their installation.

A septic tank is a waterproof structure, consisting of one or more sections, or divided into two or three compartments, chambers. But any purification sewerage facility has its own characteristics.

And therefore, in order to correctly choose a utilizer, it is necessary to analyze the types of equipment on the market, to understand the principle of their operation and to determine for oneself the expediency of using one or another model.

Types of materials used

Septic tanks, which are the main element of local sewerage, are classified according to various criteria.

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