Increasingly, spiral staircases are found in their homes and cottages. This is due to the beautiful appearance of the products, a wide variety of designs and the ability to install them in a relatively small area.

Handrails for spiral staircases play a huge role in the safety and aesthetic perception of the product. The article offers to get acquainted with the types, materials and features of the manufacture of such structures.

The railing on the spiral staircase, as well as on a regular marching staircase, serves to protect a person from falling down the stairs and is a support when going up and down.

The railing includes:

• Balusters. These are the support posts on which the handrail is attached. Their purpose is to fulfill a load-bearing and decorative role;
• Placeholders... Such elements are necessary to fill the gap between the balusters. They serve as a decoration for the structure and increase safety when moving. Such elements are not always used, but if there are children in the house, placeholders are set without fail;
• Handrails... This is a support element for the hands when moving. Installed on one side or, if necessary, on both sides of the spiral staircase. Handrails are attached to balusters, or directly to the wall, as in the photo.

Fence aggregate types

There are several types of structures to fill the space between the posts. You can get acquainted with them from the table:

In addition, the fence can be made by analogy with the bowstrings of a spiral staircase, spiral staircases with support pillar without fencing.

Materials for the manufacture of fencing

Before making a railing for a spiral staircase, you should familiarize yourself with the materials for their manufacture.

Tip: When choosing a design and material for the railing, you should pay attention to their combination with the style of the stairs and the entire interior of the room.

Stair railings can be made of the following materials:

• . The price of such structures is the highest. The fence is difficult to install, which is associated with the need to bend the material, which is done only in the factory. Fencing glass is preferable to use in office premises, for residential buildings in high-tech interiors, minimalism.

Tip: When ordering glass panels from a company for fencing a spiral staircase, it is necessary to specify the radius of their bending, some organizations cannot perform a small radius, due to the complexity of the process technology.

• Iron railing for a spiral staircase. At cost, the fence is more economical, and the appearance is practically not inferior to glass. Used for manufacturing metal pipes and rods of square and round cross-section, bent into the desired ornament. After that, the elements are welded together, the joints are cleaned and painted in the desired color. Metal railings can have a wide variety of shapes and colors, without restrictions in use;
• Of stainless steel. The technology for their manufacture is similar to that of ordinary metal, the difference in appearance after the end of work. Stainless steel looks more presentable and stylish. Such handrails can be installed during wet rooms, outside. Stainless steel allows you to create original and very beautiful outdoor spiral staircases.
• Wood... These are economical and beautiful spiral staircase handrails that can perfectly fit into any interior from classic to high-tech, depending on finishing constructions.

Tip: When making wooden fencing need to choose quality wood with minimal humidity. This will prevent cracking and deformation of the structure during operation.

After thorough polishing and varnishing of all surfaces, the structure will become pleasant to the touch and very beautiful. Wood is always warm, unlike metal.

The manufacture of handrails for a spiral staircase made of wood is especially recommended in rooms where there are children. The designs look very elegant, but they take up quite a lot of space, it is better to use them in residential buildings and rooms with a large area.

• Stone... This is the most expensive option, it is very rarely used in their homes. The stone is difficult to match with many interior styles. Such structures are used for the enclosures of spiral staircases in castles, palaces and similar stately structures;
• Plastic. It is most often used to simulate materials such as stone or wood. PVC handrails are of low cost, long term services, look aesthetically pleasing, safe to use.
• By combining materials. The options can be very different: wood with metal, glass with metal, metal with wood. It is appropriate to use them in different styles from modern and classic to high-tech (see) and minimalism.

Tip: When using a combination of materials for railings, it is worth paying attention to the quality of the processing of joints during installation. Deformation may occur during operation different parts, due to improper adhesion of materials to each other.

The most common options for making handrails are metal and wood. Making a handrail for a spiral staircase with your own hands from such materials is quite simple, you just need to have the desire and little skills in construction.

Features of the selection and design of railings

For the right choice and the design of the fence of stairs, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of SNiPs and GOSTs, which indicate:

• The height of the railings in your home should not be less than 900 mm;
• The distance between the balusters should be no more than 300 mm;
• All butt seams and connections of elements must be decorated and high-quality fastened together.

Railing handrails can be different shapes: round, square, rectangular, but always comfortable to fit in the hand, without sharp corners to avoid injury when climbing stairs.

Fencing design

Before making a spiral handrail for a staircase, it is worth depicting the desired result on a computer or paper. Structural sketches are an essential part of creating a stair railings project. All dimensions of the product must be indicated on them.

This will help you to complete all the parts for the railings correctly or to pick them up ready-made.

At self-manufacturing railings for stairs, some elements should be purchased ready-made. For example, many will not be able to correctly determine how to bend a handrail for a spiral staircase. Sometimes railings for spiral staircases are purchased in the form of a constructor, which is only assembled from a set of parts at the installation site.

When creating a virtual model of the railing, given that the staircase has already been built, its dimensions are known, it is necessary to define three parameters:

• Railing radius;
• Tilt angle;
• Length.

These values ​​are transferred to the virtual model. For this:

• There is a free site, better on the ground;
• The center of the structure is marked with a peg;
• A circle is drawn using a rope with a nail fixed on a peg.
• The radius is the distance between the center of the support and the location of the balusters;
• Supports are hammered along the perimeter of the circle, where future railings will be attached. Their height should be about 2 meters;
• To increase the rigidity of the layout, it is worth installing spacers inside such a "dial".

Handrail making

After preparing the structure, spiral railings can be made.

Work instructions:

• The first strip of plywood is taken and fixed with self-tapping screws on the posts. In this case, the fasteners are placed from the inside of the structure; those that have crawled out are cut off with a grinder;
• Fasteners should start slightly above floor level and continue with a slope, like on a spiral staircase. It turns out a spiral;
• Joiner's glue is applied to the first strip;
• The second part is attached, and fixed to the first along the entire length with clamps. In this case, each subsequent strip is glued to the previous strip with a ledge;
• About 100 mm should be left for each strip, which will make it easy to lengthen the railing, usually spiral staircases on kosoura consist of 1.5 - 2 turns.

Tip: Do not glue several strips at once, the glue should dry well. This will have a good effect on uniformity, which will improve the appearance of the railing.

• After installing all the strips, the excess length of the fence is carefully cut off with a grinder;
• The second part of the workpiece is manufactured according to the same principle;
• The accuracy of the fit of the workpieces to the finished ladder is checked;
• Both parts of the blanks are combined;
• The connected ledges are fixed with wood glue and self-tapping screws;
• The resulting workpiece is attached to the top and bottom of the stairs;
• By pulling the workpiece with self-tapping screws with a pitch of 100 mm to the upper end of the racks, the correct location of the future fence is monitored;
• Common fasteners are performed for each vertical post or baluster;
• The excess parts of the railing are cut at the edges perpendicular to the floor.

The video in this article will tell you in more detail how to make a fence for a spiral staircase.

The railing is being finalized

To give the design a beautiful appearance necessary:

• Grind all surfaces;
• The corners are rounded and all irregularities are eliminated;
• Wood dust and wood particles generated during work are mixed with wood glue and used to clog sweats to close the holes;
• After drying, these areas are sanded.
• The final processing of the railing with "zero" sandpaper is carried out.
• The structure is opened with impregnation and varnish, or painted in a favorite color that suits the interior of the room.

These are just some of the types of spiral railing, recommendations on how to choose or make a railing of a spiral staircase and the most common technology for their installation. Having shown imagination, you can combine different types, get a work of art, to decorate not only the stairs, but the entire room.

The spiral staircase to the second floor is one of the most popular structures for communication between floors. Able to save space and decorate the interior of any room. Can be installed in the smallest areas, in an apartment, country house or a summer residence. Also known as pivot, round, or radial designs.

Construction and calculation of a spiral staircase

The device of spiral staircases has a number of disadvantages, for example, they are not always convenient, especially for the elderly and small children. In this case, it is preferable to use a regular marching lift as the main interfloor lift, and the rounded structure is ideal as a service or technical one, since it does not take up too much space.

To avoid falls and injuries, it is necessary to carefully prepare the project of the spiral staircase. Only if all the requirements (GOST and SNiP) and building rules are met, the product will turn out to be convenient and practical.

Drawings and dimensions of flights of stairs

• H is the height of the stairs. It is the sum of the distance to the ceiling and the thickness of the floor (h p);
• H 1 - the distance between the turns of the stairs, that is, the height to which you can climb, breaking one full turn.
  

  Important: H 1 should not be less than 2 meters, otherwise, when climbing, you can hit your head on the upper step;

• h - riser height - the distance that you can climb, breaking one step. It is considered that the most convenient height is from 12 to 22 cm;
• h 1 - tread depth. It should be sufficient so that when descending, the leg does not slip off the steps, and when lifting, it provides reliable support for the foot. It is recommended to take values ​​from 25 to 40 cm. At the central support, the depth of the tread step should be 10 cm or more;

To make movement convenient, the circular staircase must meet the following condition:

2 h + h 1 = 60..65 cm (1)

A round staircase with a width of less than 1.5 meters must be equipped with a handrail with a height of 90 cm or more.

Structural design begins with calculating the basic dimensions. Let us assume that the distance to the floor of the second floor (H) is 3 m. The width of the stairs (R) will be 1.2 m. The entry point is strictly under the exit (i.e., the twist angle is 360 °).

H = 3 m, R = 1.2 m, ω = 360 °;

n = H / h, 3000/180 = 16.7

Rounding the value up, we get the answer - 17. But since the last step is the floor of the second floor, there will be 16 steps on our staircase.

The length of the ladder (L about) along the main ascent line is calculated as follows:

L о = 2πR 1, where R 1 = 2/3 R, therefore

L о = 4 / 3πR, substituting the value R = 1.2 m into the formula, we obtain

h 1 = L / n = 5/17 = 0.29 m = 29 cm

Having checked our calculations by formula (1), we get the number 65. That is, a rotary staircase with such parameters will be quite convenient for walking.

The shape of the steps

h 1 inside = 10cm

h 1 ext = L in / n, where

L in = 2πR = 2 * 3.14 * 1.2 = 7.536 m substitute the value

h 1 ext = 7.536 / 17 = 0.44 m = 44 cm

It turned out that the depth of the tread at the outer edge is 440mm.

Of course, in calculations very rarely whole numbers are obtained, due to which errors appear and the shape of the steps is distorted. To neutralize this, the dimensions of the steps can be slightly changed, for example, the first one can be made slightly lower than the rest. This will keep the remaining steps the same.

Swivel stairs, as a rule, are made without risers. This is due to the fact that it is more convenient to move around on such a structure. Therefore, the height of the steps may have a slight blemish.

Calculating the distance to overlap

Climbing each step, we approach the overlap to the height of the riser (h). In our case, this is 18 cm. Having overcome 4 steps, we will rise by 72 cm.If we take the thickness of the overlap (h p) as 20 cm, then for the fourth step:

H 1 = H - 4h - h p = 300 - 72 - 20 = 208 cm

This is quite acceptable, since this parameter must be at least 2m.

When climbing to the fifth step, the loss of height will already be 90 cm and H 1 = 190 cm, with this value a tall person can hit his head.

Based on this, the length of the upper floor area along the middle line in our case should not exceed the depth of four treads, that is, 1.16 m.

This can be seen more clearly in the figure, which shows a round staircase, top view. The site is highlighted in white. The dotted line is the steps that are under it. The start of the flight of stairs coincides with the exit point. The rise is counterclockwise.

These calculations are approximate and do not take into account the thickness of the material from which the components for spiral staircases will be made, for example, the sheathing of the steps and some other nuances that must be taken into account.

How to make an opening in the ceiling slab

The staircase in the overlap of the second floor is best prepared immediately, when building a private house. If this was missed, then in the case wooden ceilings, it must be cut out before installing the interfloor structure.

The opening can be rounded or rectangular, depending on whether round or square spiral staircases will be installed.

The main thing is that the main condition must be observed: the size of the opening must be larger than the diameter of the spiral staircase by 10 cm on each side. This is to avoid injuring your hands on the walls when using the railing on the last steps.

If a round opening for a staircase is supposed, you should make its drawing on the floor of the lower floor, and then transfer it to the ceiling.

Drilled in the center of the circle through hole... Then, on the floor of the second floor, a pin is inserted into this hole and, using a rope, the length of which corresponds to the radius of the opening, and a pencil attached to it, a hole is outlined, which must be cut out.

Alternatively, the site where it is supposed to make the platform of the second floor can not be removed. This will save time on its arrangement. In addition, the cost of the spiral staircase will be slightly lower. But at the same time, the most careful calculations are needed so as not to be mistaken with the location of the site.

The staircase is faced with a veneer beam in the shape of a circle. The beam consists of several layers bent with a steel circle and stops. The first and last layers should be solid veneer pieces. For the manufacture of intermediate layers, shorter pieces may be used.

The design of the opening will be performed better if the layers are made one by one, then dried, glued and inserted into the next layer.

The finished beam is installed in the spiral staircase opening and secured with corner plates. To give a more aesthetic look, decorative skirting boards are additionally mounted.

Finishing a staircase, which is in the shape of a square, requires a minimum of effort and skill due to the lack of rounded parts.

Step-by-step instructions for making stairs to the second floor

The manufacture of spiral staircases begins with the selection of materials for load-bearing elements, components and cladding . Either an iron pipe or a sturdy one can be used as the center post. wooden beam large diameter... Steps and handrails, as a rule, are made of solid wood, handrails and railings are made of of stainless steel or again made of wood.

Wooden steps

Wooden steps are usually made from oak, beech, maple and other hardwoods. Alternatively, you can buy ready-made steps for the stairs or use homemade ones by cutting the boards to the right sizes do it yourself.

For example, rectangular board can be cut diagonally and get 2 trapezoidal treads. Then you need to round off the edges with them, process the edges and varnish in 3 layers - the steps are ready.

Installation of balusters

You can cut the balusters with your own hands from metal rods or wooden rods. When making racks, some need to do a few bigger size... They will go to the first and last steps and to the edges of the site. This will strengthen the strength of the entire structure and give the staircase a finished appearance.

You can try to make carved balusters with your own hands. This requires a lathe. And in order to drill even holes at the ends of the racks, a regular drill will do. Adjust it, like in the photo:

Smooth holes are very important, because they provide a strictly vertical position of the balusters.

Railing installation

For the manufacture of handrails, you will need two types of wooden balusters: large racks that are installed at the corners, and small ones for each step.

Making a bowstring

To bend the bowstring for the stairs, soak the wood blank in boiling water until it softens completely, then bend it into the right places, fix in a bent position and leave to dry.

There are more modern way- gluing many thin lamellas together. A spiral staircase on a bowstring made in this way can take on the steepest shapes.

Assembly and installation of the structure

The metal spiral staircase is easy to manufacture and will perfectly fit into the interior country house or summer cottages. The most popular is the design with cantilever support of the steps on casing... In this example, we will show how a staircase with rotary steps is being built with our own hands.

The installation of a spiral staircase begins with the installation of a central post, which is a thick-walled steel pipe, with a diameter of at least 5 cm. Having fastened a metal support, steps are strung on it. A sleeve is put on after each step.

Then the steps unfold like a fan. In this case, it is necessary to very accurately calculate where the beginning and end of the stairs are. After the march is ready, each step is connected using support brackets that are installed next to the outer edge. Railings are assembled last - racks (balusters), railings and handrails are mounted.

Any staircase structure fulfills not only an aesthetic function, it must be comfortable and multifunctional. It is difficult to imagine that in two-story house a spiral staircase or other lifting system will not be installed.

There are many design options stairways decorating steps. And the staircase structures themselves with unusual design solutions quite a bit of.

A wooden spiral staircase with your own hands should harmoniously fit common interior at home, moreover, to fully comply with all safety rules, especially if there are small children and elderly people in the house.

Choosing a ladder structure

In order to choose the right staircase system, you need to know about their varieties.

There is a subdivision of staircase structures according to the following parameters:

• the material used to build the system;
• aesthetic characteristics;
• form;
• place of installation;
• handrail designs;
• sizes;
• style design.

Ladder systems exist for their immediate purpose:

• input;
• interfloor;
• ancillary;
• basements;
• attic.

Among the common options for staircase systems used in private houses, we highlight:

You can make spiral staircases to the second floor of the economy class yourself, having drawings, tools, and desire.

ADVICE! A beautiful spiral staircase to the second floor with your own hands should, first of all, be safe, made of non-toxic materials.

Wooden marching structures

The marching system is the simplest and most popular, similar do-it-yourself spiral staircases with drawings can be found on many websites of construction companies or ordered from a design studio.

This design involves the manufacture of two or more marches, separated by turning platforms or steps.

ADVICE! Such systems are complex engineering structures that require preliminary calculation. Perfect option- seek help from professionals.

Algorithm of actions

First, you need to select the option of the ladder structure in order to carry out the calculations. For the option with side support, a "well" is required, steps are built into its walls. It is possible to make a theoretical "well" on your own, but it is better to choose spiral staircases to the second floor of the photo with the main beam on the casing support.

Calculations

Let's calculate the spiral staircase, in which the support will be a steel tube 5 mm thick, 6-8 cm in diameter. We use the steel corner for welding the consoles, and for the arrangement of the steps we will use the solid wood.

You must understand that the spiral staircase to the second floor is a regular circle, its diameter corresponds to the size of the opening.

R is the outer radius of the console (circle).

R1 is the inner radius of the opening (diameter and thickness of the support pipe).

γ - turnover of the structure, angular magnitude showing the difference in height between the steps.

L is the length of the circle.

Formula for calculating a circle:

L = 2πR * n or L = 2πR * (γ / 360).

In practice, this is not enough for normal movement up the steps, and therefore 2R / 3 is taken as the radius of movement. As a result, the formula takes the following form:

l = 2π * 2R / 3 * n = 4πR / 3 * n

We calculate the steps

The main difference is that the spiral staircases in Leroy Merlin have a specific form of steps. A console of such a system is a petal with a rounded edge. The console is characterized by the following parameters:

• h is the length of the step. It is the difference between the opening radius and the outer radius of the support pipe. When choosing a step length of up to a meter, the console can be made of solid wood, the frame is not required;
• W1 - tread width;
• W2 is the width of the workpiece;
• α is the angle of the step.

To determine the number of steps, the height of the opening is divided by the rise of the step. Convenient for movement will be spiral staircases, the size of the rise of steps, which have 15-20 cm.

We calculate the angle of the step using the formula:

α = γ: number of steps.

Knowing the width and angle of the step, we calculate the maximum width of the tread:

We calculate the width of the tread using the formula:

w = r * sinα = (2R * sinα) / 3

Convenient are wooden spiral staircases, in which the width of the tread is in the range of 20-30 cm.

ADVICE! Draw drawings in horizontal and vertical projection, preferably in two sweeps: along the path line and the outer edge. The wooden spiral staircase in the photo looks more interesting on kosoura, but the choice is up to the owner of the country mansion.

Varieties of screw structures

If there is not enough space to accommodate marches, the installation of spiral structures is performed. A wrought-iron spiral staircase will fit into any interior if the finish is done natural materials... Spiral systems are used for lifting to the attic, that is, in the form of auxiliary structures.

On the disadvantages of screw systems.

1. It is inconvenient to climb along the spiral structure, there is a high risk of injury to children and the elderly.
2. Inconvenience of lifting furniture.
3. The trapezoidal shape of the steps interferes with normal movement, the steps for the right and left legs are different in size.

Aesthetically, a self-made spiral staircase made of wood looks very beautiful, it seems "airy", it brings additional charm to the design of the house.

Wooden rotary structures

Such systems are a kind of spiral staircase structures. They partially or completely consist of winding steps. The following modifications are distinguished:

• curvilinear;
• semi-turnover;
• a quarter are negotiable;
• curved.

The installation of pivoting timber structures is often carried out along load-bearing wall, the handrail is placed with outside... In some houses, you can see standing separately (without fixing to the wall) stair structures... The disadvantage of manufacturing spiral staircases of this type is the inconvenience of moving up the steps, while the system itself looks quite original and aesthetically pleasing.

Installation of a spiral staircase system

There is a certain sequence for assembling a spiral staircase structure:

• first you need to calculate the spiral staircase, make sure of its "viability" in the given conditions;
• the location of the main rod is selected, the lower support flange is attached;
• the first step is fixed to the floor, it fits into the flange;
• the building level checks the verticality of the support rod;
• bushings, steps are superimposed on the central post from above, fastened according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer;
• comfortable screw wooden ladder with their own hands on the second floor, it is attached to the walls of the opening or using the upper step;
• a support rod is fixed at the top;
• pick up and install handrails and protective fences.

Attention! For each specific case, wooden spiral staircases to the second floor are mounted taking into account various nuances.

Installation nuances

Remember that in order to obtain the desired result, it is important to fully comply with the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

Washers are made from durable materials, in order to protect the structure from mechanical deformations, for example, you can make cast-iron spiral staircases according to individual dimensions:

Often wooden structures are combined with other materials, so a prefabricated spiral staircase can consist of stone, wood, metal. For many centuries, it was wood that was considered the main material for construction. flights of stairs, they have not lost their relevance at the present time. The classic wooden systems are gradually being replaced by the original ready-made spiral staircases made of cast iron and steel. Thinking about installing a screw design? Consult with professionals, study the assembly features, do not forget about the calculations. Only adherence to all the nuances will allow you to create a real masterpiece in your home.

If you are going to equip a spiral staircase with your own hands, the drawing must be prepared in advance, this will allow you to carry out the work, avoiding mistakes. As a feature of this design, the steps are reinforced radially. This concerns a real or imagined center. If you project a staircase onto a floor surface, you can get a polygon or circle. A spiral staircase can be made with your own hands from metal, the drawings should definitely be considered before this. Choosing such constructions, you may prefer one of the varieties of the system. In this way, the steps can rest on the B-pillar and on the perimeter wall surfaces. In other versions, they can only be attached to the support column, which is located in the center. In some cases, the steps are supported by a guardrail or bent bowstrings, among other things, they can be pinched in the support post.

Manufacturing features

If you build a spiral staircase with your own hands, the drawing will allow you to do the work correctly. You can borrow one or another option from this article. Such structures take up little space, for example, with a step width of 1 meter, the diameter of the structure will be 2.2 meters, this includes the central support. In fact, the structure will take less than 2 square meters on the floor surface. When designing a product, you can give it different angle tilt, most often it does not exceed 45 degrees.

What you need to know before starting work

If a spiral staircase is to be made with your own hands, the drawing should be prepared by you even before the start of work. However, it is important to take into account that such structures do not have very wide steps, this indicates that movement along them will be difficult, it is important to be careful while doing this. It will be quite problematic to miss two people who meet on the spiral staircase. It is also very difficult to move bulky objects on it. This suggests that it is more rational to use screw structures in those rooms in which there is no heavy traffic. A lot of effort will have to be made to manufacture, since the elements and assemblies are more complex when compared with conventional ones.

Preparation of materials

If you will be making a spiral staircase with your own hands, you can view the drawing for it by reading this article. However, it is equally important to familiarize yourself with the technology of the process and prepare all necessary materials... You should not be limited in the choice of material: maple, beech, and also oak are suitable among which. You can stock up on profiled or sheet metal.

Stair design

The structure should be devoid of a riser, which is a vertical element located between adjacent steps. This will prevent the foot from slipping when moving. The tread in the middle should be 20 cm or more. I must admit, quite often today spiral staircases are made by hand. Drawings, photos will help you make the right choice design features... In order to ensure the reliability of the step attachment point, the diameter of the middle support post should be five centimeters or more. The height between the branches must exceed the height of a person, this figure is equivalent to two meters or more. This eliminates the need to bend over when using the lifting mechanism. As for the full turn, there must be at least 12 steps in it.

Features of the calculation

Before making spiral staircases with your own hands, drawings are prepared by craftsmen, this allows you to exclude many mistakes, which can be very difficult to cope with. You can take as a basis the parameters that are presented below.

The height of the floor, which is measured from the floor surface of the first floor to the base of the floor of the second floor, is equivalent to 3 meters, while being equal to one meter. The diameter of the post in this case is equivalent to 20 cm. Now you can determine the diameter of the structure. This figure will be made up of the diameter of the support post and two steps, or rather, their width. Thus, the following calculations will need to be made: 2x1.0 + 0.2. Ultimately, you will be able to get a value of 2.2 m.

When spiral staircases are made by hand, drawings are prepared by home craftsmen, as a rule, independently. Having determined the diameter of the structure, it is necessary to draw a circle. At the next stage, the radius of the trajectory of movement is calculated. To do this, it is necessary to divide by 2 the diameter of the support post, to which the width of the step must be added. The calculation will look like this: (1 + 0.2) / 2; the required value is equivalent to 0.6 m.

The next step is to calculate the number of steps that will fall on 1 turn. For this, the length of the trajectory of movement must be divided by the Final value is 18.84, while the calculation is as follows: 2x3.14x0.6 / 0.2.

If you are going to make a screw, then it is important to determine the height of the step. The coil height must be divided into 19 parts. The step between the first step and the last step of the loop must be greater than the height of the person. You can take into account a figure equal to two meters, to this value you need to add 5 cm, this will allow you to get the height of the loop, the calculation looks like this: 2 + 0.05; the result is a value of 2.05 m.

It can be determined by the formula below: 2.05 / 19. The figure after the calculations is equal to 0.11 m. The final number of steps will be equal to 28 pieces: 3 / 0.11. The result is a figure equal to 27.3. It should be rounded.

You can take the following parameters of the stairs as the main ones. The lifting height is equivalent to 300 cm, the diameter is 220 cm, the inner diameter is 20 cm, the total swing angle is 510 degrees, the thickness of each step is 5 cm, the step height is 11.1 centimeters. As for the angle of the step, this figure is 18.9 degrees, the length of the step is 100 centimeters.

Installation

If you are going to make a spiral staircase to the second floor with your own hands, then it is important to familiarize yourself with the technology of the process. Initially, the stand is installed and fixed, which is located in the middle. In the next step, you can start installing the steps and spacers. The master needs to fix the upper part of the structure, and then strengthen the railing and handrails. If you are going to make a staircase that has a cantilever pinching of the steps, then beech can be used as the material. All blanks can be cut with lathe designed for woodworking. Handheld electric tools will also come in handy. If you do not have such equipment in your arsenal, then you can order the preparation of parts from the master. The plumb line will allow you to transfer the corner point of the opening to the floor surface. This will be the starting point for defining the support position. On the base of the floor, it is necessary to draw a line that is parallel to the opening cut in the ceiling.

When screw drawings are made, you have to prepare them yourself or order them from a professional. In the next step, a cylindrical element and a starting stage must be put on the steel core. The rest of the elements are installed according to the same principle. After you have managed to assemble the B-pillar and steps, you should fix the upper platform. Next, the railing posts are installed. The steel core bolt passes through two stages and ends slightly above the uppermost stage.

Final work

You can make a spiral staircase with your own hands from metal, but for this you need to have the skills to work with welding machine... If you decide to use wood, then on the last stage staining can be done. To begin with, the surface of the stairs is cleaned with sandpaper, then it is cleaned of dust and covered with stain.

Features of the manufacture of a metal staircase

A spiral staircase can be made with your own hands from metal, drawings of such structures can be drawn up by professionals. The assembly of the system must begin with the installation of the central post. After that, bushings are put on, and then washers and the steps themselves. After this part of the work is completed, the steps should be deployed around the rack to the required distance. Now it is the turn to attach the brackets. The upper step is fixed on interfloor overlap... When a metal spiral staircase is made with your own hands, the drawings will allow you to comply with the technology. At the last stage, the railings are mounted, as well as handrails.

Screw-type stairs are perhaps the most non-standard option of all the existing ones. This type of construction has more advantages than disadvantages. Externally, the spiral staircase looks aesthetically pleasing. In terms of functionality, it occupies less space, which is very important if the area does not allow building a staircase of another type.

Thanks to its simple design, you can do it yourself.

In the manufacture of stairs are used different textures and materials. Depending on the proposed project, you can create a real masterpiece with your own hands. Everyone wants to install an original staircase in their home. You can modify the version spied on by others by finishing with original decorative elements. Using quality materials and observing the necessary proportions, everyone can build a reliable spiral-type staircase - who knows how to hold a tool in their hands and understands a little about drawing. In order not to deviate from the topic, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the materials from which stairs are built:

• valuable wood species;
• metal structures;
• concrete foundations;
• a natural stone;
• glass or ceramics.

The final appearance of the structure depends on the material chosen for the steps and railings. Following tradition, it is not at all necessary to make a staircase made of wood. In a modern interior, options made of metal and natural stone... Recently, there has been a tendency to erect monolithic concrete structures. Highly good results can be achieved by combining different materials.

WITH wooden steps metal elements are very harmoniously combined.

By combining, saving on expensive materials, you can create unique designs... Glass-metal spiral ladders are no less popular.

When choosing a material for a future staircase, one should take into account the dynamics of the general style of the dwelling. Using the most common material, natural wood for stairs, you can get a durable structure that does not go out of fashion.

Consonant with modern interior spiral staircases made of natural polished stone look. More often only steps are made of stone, and the frame is made of metal.

Fully stone structures sturdy but very bulky.

For example interfloor stairs in high-rise buildings for general living. Craftsmen build in their homes monolithic stairs made of concrete. The end result pleases with the most unimaginable options.

DIY spiral staircase step by step

The compact screw design combines light weightlessness with strength. We invite you to consider step by step instructions on the example of a structure made of wood and metal. The presented option will bring originality and comfort to the interior. This staircase will be made with love on their own... The creation of a helical structure consists of several important stages:

• design taking into account the characteristics of the premises;
• development of a drawing or use of a ready-made scheme;
• calculation and purchase of the necessary materials;
• marking and erection of staircase structures;
• design of handrails or steps;
• the final stage is finishing work.

Before proceeding with the manufacture of stairs or abandoning this venture, we suggest you watch a video in which people really share their experience. It turns out that if you want to do it is easy.

Any design in construction begins with measurements of the premises. The more accurate the calculations are, the easier it will be to work on the project. You need to take measurements together, for this activity you can connect household members. The step-by-step process for making a spiral staircase looks like this:

The number of steps will depend on the design and height of the rooms. You should also take into account the individual anatomical characteristics of the residents.

You can see how the base of the stairs without wooden steps will look like in the video. The result is still incomplete, there is a lot of work ahead. However, you can already notice the grace and beauty of the spiral staircase.

Better to use parquet varnish- it is considered to be more resistant to abrasion. The metal parts of the stairs are painted with nitro enamel or oil-based paint in several layers.

Which tree is better to use for steps

This question worries everyone who decided to make a staircase with their own hands. It is preferable to choose valuable breeds, they will last longer. If this option seems costly for you, additional processing of the steps will be required. Most the best option use hard wood: beech, oak, hornbeam, ash. A well-proven adhesive array valuable breeds wood. For the price, this option is less expensive and very high quality. Those who want to save money can be offered a budget option multilayer plywood.

Larch steps look luxurious. The high cost of wood is fully justified. As for the pine, it is more suitable for ordinary stairs. However, this does not mean at all that it is short-lived at home. There are cases when birch was used as a material for steps. Each wood species has its own characteristics, pluses and minuses. The choice is based on quality and financial capabilities. Any wood after toning looks naturally like an expensive material.

Advantages and disadvantages

The spiral staircase can rightfully be considered an example of graceful beauty in the interior. The screw element performs several compositional and constructive actions at once. DIY steps will become bright accent in the design of the room. During operation, against the background of the advantages of this type of gatherings, there are always disadvantages. We suggest you weigh the pros and cons.

Dignity

• The staircase does not take up very much space, it saves space. Suitable for small spaces. Placed more often in the corner of the room.
• In terms of costs, the helical structure is cheaper than the cruise version. If you use the budget option, you can save a decent amount, which is very important for people with an average income.
• There is enough under the stairs free space that you can use to your advantage.

disadvantages

There are many technologies for mounting a screw structure. To do everything right and to make the process easier, each master uses his own tricks and secrets. We invite you to get acquainted with some of them. We hope this collection will be a useful guide to action.

1. The main attention should be paid to the steps, how comfortable the structure will be depends on their quality and location.
2. An important fact is the material from which it will be made. Materials must be durable, durable and reliable.
3. It is important to pay attention to the fire and moisture resistance of the stairs. If necessary, treat the wood with special impregnations.
4. The staircase must be equipped with a comfortable handrail so that the elderly and children do not experience discomfort when going up or down.
5. All fasteners are to be carried out efficiently and reliably. Sharp objects should not stick out on the feet.
6. Paint the base and steps only in pure form, for reliability, you can walk on surfaces with a vacuum cleaner.
7. When marking, inaccuracies are unacceptable, otherwise the steps will creak.
8. If suddenly the wooden elements wear out, they can be replaced at any time. To avoid injury, any malfunction must be rectified immediately.
9. Railings are often used as decoration: forged elements, glass, carved wood.
10. The condition of the flights of stairs must be regularly monitored, painted and cleaned from blockages.

Knowing how to make a spiral staircase with your own hands will help you save money and give your home exclusivity. In made with my own hands designs there can be no doubt about the quality and durability. The above recommendations will help you choose your own necessary materials, make calculations and make high-quality installation.