Building wooden house- will be the best option for people who value environmental friendliness, fast construction time and low cost

A private house has one significant advantage - the possibility of completion. And sooner or later, every family thinks about how to make their home a little more spacious. It is possible to increase the area not only by adding an extension to the side of the house, but also from above: by attaching second floor ... It can be a complete copy of the first, or it can be an attic with a cozy interior and an unusual sloped ceiling.

First of all, you need to study what the second floor of the house can be. Depending on the design type, there are:

• House with full two floors. At the same time, the second floor completely repeats the layout of the first. In addition, they have the same wall height.
• House with 1.5 floors. The project of such an option will be similar to: The room will be under a straight roof, or rather the roof will be in the form of a truncated pyramid. Positive sides This option is that the area of ​​the upper rooms will be the same as that of the lower rooms. But, at the same time, the cost of a meter of such a room on the second floor will be more affordable compared to the first option.
• House with an attic. This option is possible in most buildings with gable roof... The attic is considered the simplest solution in a country house. Depending on the shape of the roof, the size of the room will depend. With a truncated type, the room will look like a truncated pyramid. If we are dealing with a sloping roof, then the room will ultimately have rectangular shape... The area of ​​the attic is always less than the area of ​​the first floor.

Wooden house with attic floor

The whole subsequent technological process and the amount of financial costs depend on which type will be chosen.

Full or attic floor? Exploring the pros and cons

Before choosing a particular project, it is necessary to consider all the positive and negative sides of the options. The most commonly used criteria for this assessment are:

• The dimensions of the room. If you make a full second floor. Then the area of ​​the room will be as large as possible. In addition, there will be no chamfered corners. At the same time, the attic can also become multifunctional and roomy if the bevels are not made from the floor surface.
• Purpose is the second question that the owners of the cottage should ask themselves or country house... The second floor can function as a cozy nursery or bedroom for parents, a cinema or even a spacious bathroom. In this case, the attic will be good option... But, if you plan to move a bathroom, a kitchen to the second floor and make a large dining room, it is better to choose the option of a project for the construction of a full-fledged floor.
• The financial side of the issue. It's no secret that construction is far from the cheapest process. Therefore, the preliminary calculation of costs is always considered together with design solutions. In practice, the attic will come out cheaper.
• The exterior of the building. If you add a full-fledged second floor, then appearance at home will be quite strict and monumental. The attic makes it possible to slightly diversify the image: on the second floor, you can make an unusual veranda with small tubs of flowers and plants or a small cozy balcony, add decorative accents and use non-standard solutions in the design.

A two-storey country house provides even more advantages and opportunities for relaxation

The project of the upper part of the house can be implemented using various technologies. This largely depends on which room will be located on the second floor, as well as on personal preferences and financial capabilities.

What to look for when building an attic?

The attic is the simplest solution for a country or small private house. Its project is not only somewhat simpler, but the construction itself will be cheaper in comparison with other options.

To make the task as easy as possible, there are several recommendations that you should pay attention to:

1. Prefabricated structures greatly simplify the construction process.
2. Wood is one of the "favorite" materials among the owners of private houses. However, it is worth remembering that in order for it to serve for a long period, you need to take care of its special treatment with an antiseptic, insect repellent.
3. Waterproofing must be done with high quality, since the "protective" attic space will now be absent and any precipitation can be on the ceiling of the room and spoil the interior.
4. In addition to waterproofing, you need to take care of air ventilation. Usually a rough ceiling is arranged, where there is an air gap between the insulation layer and the beams.

Essential elements log house with attic

Whether to be not to be? Risk assessment

If a decision has been made about what the second floor will be like, it is recommended to move on to a risk assessment. An important point is the technical condition of the building as a whole. This conclusion can be made by specialized enterprises that will be able to conduct an assessment and make a conclusion about:

• the condition of the base, walls and floors under the attic;
• bearing capacity of the foundation;
• possible options for enhancing the bearing capacity of the base.

The initial question that worries the owners is: "will the foundation of the summer house (or private house) withstand one more floor?" If the safety margin identified by the experts turns out to be sufficient, then you can safely proceed to construction. If not, then first you need to strengthen the walls and foundation.

It should be noted separately that the attic, in comparison with a full-fledged second floor, requires a smaller margin of safety. But this largely depends on the existing foundation and the choice of materials for construction. An extension project for a full-fledged second floor almost always requires strengthening the base and walls.

Unusual wooden architecture two-storey house

Analysis of ways to strengthen

Amplification is not an easy and costly process. There are many options for strengthening walls and foundations, and each of them has its own characteristics and nuances.

Replacing the foundation

This method provides for partial or complete (if there are reasons for this) replacement of the worn-out part of the base of a summer cottage or a private house. The technology is not too complicated and it is quite possible to complete it on your own with some skills. Of course, it is not possible to do this alone, but two or three strong men must cope with replacing the foundation.

Lifting the house before repairing the foundation

Step-by-step instruction:

1. The house is completely freed from heavy objects (furniture, appliances).
2. Doors are removed.
3. Dismantling the floor is done.
4. The building is lifted with hydraulic jacks.
5. A new pile or strip base is being laid (in the case of partial replacement of the base in a wooden private house, only one side of the support is most often replaced).

Armopoyas construction

Armopoyas is a solid belt, which is a closed reinforced concrete belt that repeats the contours of the building. Its main task is additional protection of the foundation from additional loads.

To make such a tape, you must adhere to the following instructions:

• along the walls of the house, a trench is pulled out along the entire perimeter;
• the width of the trench should be 0.5 m;
• the depth should be 80 cm more than the mark of the old base;
• sand, crushed stone and gravel are laid on the bottom of the tape, which make up the so-called "pillow";
• a crate is being constructed (plywood and boards can be used);
• the original foundation must be cleaned and primed;
• pins are driven into the old base in a horizontal position every 0.25 m;
• after all the pins are driven in, they must be welded to the fittings;
• fit on top of the reinforcement metal grid, after which everything is poured with concrete.

Foundation Reinforcement Process - Fastening reinforced belt to the wall with reinforcement anchors

Important!

However, this method of strengthening has some reservations: after its construction, repair or strengthening work cannot be carried out during the year, since the foundation can still shrink.

Also, there are times when such an armored belt is not done around the entire perimeter of the house, but only in the corners. This applies to those situations when the second floor is made of timber or other "light" material. In this case, a trench 1 m long is dug from the corner in both directions. The depth should be more than 0.5 m from the old base. The width should be 0.5 m (as in traditional version with a trench around the perimeter).

Reinforcement and shallow formwork strip foundation

Frame - as a method of unloading the base

The frame method is based on unloading the existing foundation by transferring the load to additional load-bearing elements... The reinforcement project can be both external and internal.

The outdoor method provides for the construction of an additional foundation around the perimeter of the building. The function of the supporting structures will be performed by single-span beams. Thus, on the second floor there will be communications from the lower floor, but this is the only way they are connected. The second floor has its own foundation and does not add pressure to the foundation of the first.

The interior of the building can also be used for frame reinforcement. In this case, additional supporting structures are erected directly in the house. Communications will be carried out on the second floor, however, unlike the outdoor method, the load from the upper part of the house will be transferred to old foundation and a new reinforcing frame.

Since strengthening is often quite costly, some experts suggest a different way out of the situation. If there is no possibility of strengthening, but the construction of the second floor is necessary, it is best to pay attention to the frame and prefabricated material for the construction of the walls. This is due to the fact that they have a light weight and do not give a serious load on the base.

Construction of an additional floor: the choice of technology

After the project is prepared, you can proceed directly to the technology for the construction of the upper floor. Experts distinguish several types of it:

• masonry;
• the use of reinforced concrete structures (in particular, polystyrene concrete);
• use of wood (timber);
• the use of frame-panel technology;
• use of prefabricated structures.

Each of these technologies has its own drawbacks. For example,erection from brick or reinforced concrete is possible only after preliminary strengthening of the walls and foundation of the building... IN best case you can use the frame method of unloading the old base by erecting additional supports and a new foundation around the perimeter of the house. At the same time, the use of wood will lead to the fact that finishing will have to wait at least one year.

The most popular in recent years has become the construction technology frame second floors. This is the best option for a small country house or summer cottage, which does not require too much financial costs. In addition, such panels are lightweight and in some cases reinforcement is not required at all.

Frame construction of the second floor in a wooden house

The main advantages of this technology are:

• light weight;
• lower cost of materials in comparison with other technologies;
• the possibility of construction regardless of weather conditions;
• fire safety.

If you choose for convenience and practicality, then it is worth noting the glued structures of the curved type, which are attached to each other in a hinged way. However, in the construction of private houses, they are used extremely rarely due to the fact that the price of such elements is very high.

Frame houses are efficient, reliable, profitable and environmentally friendly

General procedure for working with frame panels

The frame method is most often used in domestic construction. The main elements are panels that you can buy ready-made or build yourself.

To make a panel with your own hands, you need only three basic materials.

• wooden beams, which will act as fixators, and also keep the shape of the panels;
• chipboard sheets with which the panels themselves will be sheathed;
• material for thermal insulation with a thickness of 1.5-1.6 cm (the most common option is mineral wool or expanded polystyrene).

In general, the process goes like this: wooden beams are used to construct the frame. After it is securely fixed, a chipboard sheet is attached from the outside. Then, insulation is laid inside and closed with a second sheet of chipboard.

Formation of the frame of a wooden house

Step by step detailed instructions has the following stages:

• with the roof of the house you need to "part": it is dismantled first. The roof is completely removed, the rafters and beams are removed.
• Using a winch or a small crane, the panels and girders are lifted up the construction site.
• Installed end walls and are attached to each other by longitudinal elements. Additionally, to provide greater structural strength, vertical members are used.
• The rafters are attached to the longitudinal members.
• In areas where window openings are designed, vertical beams are fixed.
• Wall cladding is made of chipboard and heat-insulating material from the end.
• A crate is installed on the roof frame. The pie of the roof is being laid.
• The final stage is the installation of the floor, installation of windows, finishing walls (wallpapering, painting, etc.), arrangement of the ceiling.

Thus, the construction process is not too complicated. It is quite possible to implement it yourself with a few helpers.

A frame house is a complex engineering structure, in which there are no trifles and everything is subordinated to the achievement of the main goal - the high quality of the house

The project for the construction of the second floor is a rather complicated thing that requires thinking over all the little things. In particular, in addition to all the nuances that are presented above, you must also remember the following points:

• There may be partitions on the second floor. In order not to put unnecessary stress on the foundation, it is best to make these internal walls from plasterboard.
• A staircase is something without which the attic will be useless. It is necessary to think about its construction in advance, because there are quite a few options for its placement (outside or with inside building).
• On the second floor, you can equip any rooms, however, if the margin of safety is not large or the strengthening was not done at all, it is best not to load the room with heavy equipment and furniture. The best option would be to make a minimalist bedroom there or a spacious home theater with light furniture.

Private houses have a huge advantage: if you have the desire and opportunities, they can always be expanded. And this can be done not only horizontally, but also vertically - by adding another floor.

However, this decision must be deliberate, since it is necessary to think over every little thing: from conducting a survey of an existing building, choosing materials, the need for reinforcement to the location of stairs, window openings and partitions.

Second floor superstructure

This article is an overview of the most popular types of stairs, and also contains practical advice on how to make and calculate stairs to the second floor in a private house with your own hands. Scheme, calculations, dimensions and drawings are attached. At the end of each chapter, there is a video showing the process of building a structure.

For ease of reading, the article is divided into several chapters:

• the first chapter contains general recommendations;
• the second chapter introduces methods for creating a spiral staircase project that can be applied during work;
• the third, fourth and fifth chapters have examples for creating common structures from wood, concrete and metal;
• the latter offers 10 construction projects and answers the question about the optimal width.

For convenience, the article has a navigation bar with which you can go to any item and start reading from the required chapter.

An example of a metal staircase project

How to calculate the stairs to the second floor in a private house with your own hands correctly - general recommendations

The ladder is used to move comfortably between floors. As a rule, this design is used every day - two-story houses are most often built with bedrooms and a bathroom on the second floor. From this, you can get two of the most important rules in the design of a structure - safety and convenience.

Above the racks

Important: A ladder is a source of increased trauma for people of all ages. A fall can have an extremely negative effect on human health, therefore, it should be made as safe as possible. To do this, there are several ways that allow you to completely minimize the risks.

First of all, it is necessary to make steps of the optimal height and width. It is easy to stumble on too high steps, and it is extremely difficult to walk on narrow ones, therefore you can easily slip. It is necessary to take this into account when designing, laying the size in advance in the project.

In a big house

The most optimal step height can be considered 150-200mm. This is enough to take a confident step, without the fear of stumbling or lifting the leg incorrectly. The depth, or width, must be at least 200mm - this requirement can be easily obtained from the average length of a person's leg.

In addition, a handrail is required for each staircase. They allow you to move with greater comfort and safety - the risk of falling is significantly reduced.

Important: The material should not be slippery. It is better not to make a staircase of tiles or varnished wood - they have a smooth surface, which is very inconvenient for movement. If, nevertheless, wood is used, it is not superfluous to sandpaper or upholster the steps with a carpet.

Above the sofa

Convenience often depends on security. If the steps are safe, they will be comfortable at the same time. Of course, sometimes for the sake of convenience, you can deviate somewhat from the standard sizes - if only a person of large stature will use them, you can make the height of the steps more than 200 mm.

The graph of the dependence of the slope of the stairs to ease of use

How to make a screw structure yourself

The spiral staircase has its own special appearance, due to which it becomes possible to create a completely different design. In addition, the spiral design saves a lot of space on both floors, making the room more ergonomic.

Screw

Calculation of a spiral staircase to the second floor

In the case of creating a spiral staircase to the second floor, the calculation must begin with the number of steps and the height of their location. Based on what was said in the last chapter, the optimal height between the steps is 200mm, and the depth is 200-300mm. But we must take into account that spiral staircases the steps look like expanding cones, therefore, their depth must be calculated in a special way.

Center pillar

It is better to use mathematical formulas for the calculation. First, you need to know the circumference of the structure. The most convenient way to do this is using the formula 2 * 3.14 * r, where r is the span width. For example, with a span of 1000mm, the circumference will be 6280mm. To get the width of the step from the outside, it is enough to divide this distance by the number of steps in one span. For example, with 10 steps, the distance will be 628mm, which will allow you to create a flat staircase without voids.

Screw model calculation scheme

The height of the structure is determined by the height of the room, just like when creating a regular staircase. The height between the steps should be equal to the optimal one - for example, usually 150-250mm is enough. Optimal height it is better to count on the height of the room. For example, for the height of the ceilings in the room - 2700mm. The steps will be 20mm thick, the floor thickness will be 150mm.

Advice: Calculations must start with the floor - the floor is the zero step. First, you need to add up the height of the room and the floor, since it is this distance that the stairs should go. In this case, it is equal to 2850mm. To get the number of steps, you need to divide it by the suitable height of one step with its height - for example, 220mm. The result, rounded off, is 13 steps. The last, 13th step, in this case will be the floor of the second floor.

Plotting and dimensions

At this stage, it is best to create a project on paper. It is not necessary to make it as accurate as possible in the drawing plan, but even a simple sketch will help you better understand the project.

Dimensions of spiral staircases to the second floor

When calculating the size, it is necessary to build on the most comfortable staircase width of 800-1000mm. This is enough to pass even with a large load on your hands, while not constraining yourself in movements (unfortunately, large-sized furniture will still have to be lifted through the windows).

Screw model project

A spiral staircase is a circle, because the diameter is equal to the addition of the width of the aisles and, if the staircase is built with a central support, the size of the support. On average, the diameter of such a structure is 1600-2000mm, which is enough for its convenient use, regardless of its features. More details in the table below

Advice: Very often the size of the stairs depends on the height of the ceiling. For the little one country house it makes no sense to make a very wide staircase - 700mm will be enough to get to the second floor. For attics, exactly the same rule applies.

Video project of a spiral staircase

This video shows how to make your own stairs to the second floor in a private house with your own hands (diagram and project dimensions are attached). The main points of installation are shown, as well as all the features of working with this type of structure.

DIY wooden staircase to the second floor

An ordinary staircase can be built using similar calculations and techniques. A wooden staircase to the second floor in a private house with your own hands is made much easier than a spiral staircase, but it takes up relatively more space... Next, we will consider the main points of the calculation and video instructions.

Made of wood

Calculation of a wooden staircase to the second floor

In this case, it is necessary to build on the same average values ​​- with a depth of 200-250mm and a height of 200-250mm. The distance must be divided in the same way - by calculating from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second floor.

Calculation example

The calculation of a wooden staircase to the second floor must take into account the length - it is the addition of the depth of all steps. The more there are, the more the length itself will be. For an ordinary staircase indoors, on average, 10-12 steps are sufficient, which in total will be equal to 2000-2500mm at a depth of 200mm and 2500-3000mm at a depth of 250mm.

90 degree turn staircase project

Advice: The width of such a structure should, on average, be 800-1000mm. This size should provide complete freedom of action. Therefore, if railings are planned, then there should be additional space for them on the steps.

The opening above the structure should start from the place where less than 2000-2200mm remains from the step to the ceiling - this is enough for anyone of a person's height. Do not make the opening too short - savings in this case can turn into inconvenience and additional labor costs.

Designations

If you plan to create a turn, then it must be calculated with the same conditions - the only change is the width of the step - the steps in the turning area are calculated in the same way as screw steps, but they can be done with an emphasis on the wall.

Video instruction

This video is a guide for the design and installation of a 90 degree wooden staircase.

Do-it-yourself concrete stairs to the second floor - video instruction

Concrete is an excellent material for stairs - it is very durable and allows you to work with any volume. Often, for such a design, it is enough just to assemble the frame and fill it.

Formwork for a concrete structure

Important: It should be noted that the creation concrete stairs on the second floor do it yourself requires a very large investment - it takes a completely cast structure great amount concrete. Most likely, you will have to order a full-fledged concrete mixer - the usual manual method will take an extremely long process.

Cast construction

To facilitate this process, you should additionally strengthen the span. different blocks... It is a good idea to create a frame from foam blocks, on which the formwork is subsequently laid. This allows you to get additional space under the structure and use it for household needs.

The video below shows the process of assembling the formwork and its pouring, showing the main points of the work.

Do-it-yourself metal staircase to the second floor - calculation and video instruction

Metal is an extremely ductile yet durable material. Metal ladder on the second floor with your own hands, unfortunately, is not the most comfortable - it is rather difficult to heat it, but the strength will be very high. In addition, a metal staircase takes up little space - this is important for houses with a small total area.

Iron construction

The peculiarities of the calculation in this case include the fact that the metal step takes up very little space. Usually, its size is 5-10mm, and with the entire height of the structure, their total volume rarely exceeds 90-100mm.

Calculations are no different from ordinary stairs, but with the difference that it is necessary to take into account the resistance of materials. For the construction, we recommend using metal pipes with a wall thickness of at least 8mm, and for steps - reinforcement no thinner than 7mm. At the same time, with wide steps, thickened options should be used that will not bend under the weight of a person.

One-march iron ladder to the second floor with your own hands

Advice: If the structure is created from square profiles, it is worth choosing them with a cross section of at least 5mm - square profiles much more stable than round ones due to hard edges. You can work with metal both by welding and by fasteners.

The video below shows an example of how to create a metal staircase construction, which is subsequently sheathed with plasterboard. It displays the main points of the work.

What should be the width of the stairs to the second floor in a private house - the correct dimensions?

This question is purely personal. Despite the optimal span width of 800-1000mm, this value can vary greatly depending on the personal preferences of a person. It should be borne in mind that the wider the opening is, the more resources will be required.

Examples of the width of different types of stairs

It is worth separately setting a minimum border of 500 mm - a narrower structure will be completely inconvenient for use, and it will be quite problematic to move some things or furniture along it. The maximum border depends solely on the room, but still, you should not make the width more than 2000-2500mm, especially if the staircase is not the main one in the hall.

Do-it-yourself stairs to the second floor in a private house - diagram and drawing of 10 projects

Diagram of stairs with straight flights
Angled 90 degrees
Drawing of a U-shaped staircase with a turntable
Plan wooden model
Detailed drawing
Calculation Simple staircase
Rotated 180 degrees
Direct flight staircase project
Direct two-flight

For many people, a beautiful staircase leading from one floor of a house to another is a kind of work of art and a lifelong dream. Are you planning to build a two-story house? Or have you decided to build on the second floor in a private house where you already live? Congratulations on your choice - building the second floor is economically more profitable than expanding the living space on the first. Firstly, this way you will leave more space on the site where you can equip a garden with a seating area. And secondly, you will reduce the cost of the foundation, which is one of the most expensive stages of construction.

Further in this article, you will receive useful ideas and options for arranging the second floor in a private house, including 10 schemes for planning rooms in two-story houses and 20+ photos of the design of corridors and areas on the 2nd floor.

Second floor add-on in a private house: what you need to know

If you are going to build a private house from scratch, you can skip this section of our article and go straight to an overview of the types of planning and design of the second floors. Here we will consider what is needed to add a second floor to a private house.

A radical way to add a 2nd floor to a one-story home is to remove the roof, then build a second floor and install a new one. It is used when the shape of the second level does not coincide with the first. If the boundaries of the new floor completely coincide with the old one, then you can carefully remove the existing roof, and after the superstructure put it back on the house. Finally, a second floor can simply be added to a private flat roof house.

For inspiration, we suggest you take a look at these photos of private houses before and after the addition of the second floor.

It should be noted that the construction of the 2nd floor is not an easy task. You will need to find a contractor who has experience in such work, as well as obtain a building permit.

Typically, experienced contractors work with other professionals such as engineers, architects and designers, which can greatly simplify the task. The services of an engineer are required to calculate the weight of the structure and to confirm that existing house will withstand its addition. The designer must develop the design of the second floor and fit it to the first so that they fit well. The architect will help you with the location of the stairs and the position of the windows so that you can enjoy the best views.

An important point to consider before adding a second floor in a private house: you will need to redo all laid engineering systems: electricity, heat and water supply, as well as ventilation. Are you still determined to fulfill your dream? Then see how you can make and beautifully decorate the design of the second floor in a private house!

Layout of rooms on the second floor of a private house (projects and schemes)

Of course, the layout of the rooms and the general layout of the second floor in a private house depends, first of all, on its size. For example, when the attic floor is being built on the second floor there may be only one room - a hall (recreation area, gym or playroom with a billiard table), or a bedroom combined with a bathroom and a dressing room. An example of this type of second floors is presented to you in the following projects with diagrams.

If the area of ​​the second floor is not inferior to the first, then there can be much more rooms. Accordingly, the interior layout will be more complicated, and its design will be a corridor or a platform with leading from it to different rooms doors.

Typically, projects of the second floors in small private houses include master, children's and guest bedrooms with proposed bathrooms and dressing rooms. Here are 4 schemes of such two-story houses.

In large private and country houses second floors, in addition to bedrooms with bathrooms, may have play and lounge areas where there are comfortable chairs, bookcases and other furniture for relaxation and comfortable pastime.

Finally, someone may prefer the layout of the second floor of a private house with a large combined kitchen-living room... Indeed: the view from the second floor is better! Why not enjoy it at an evening party or at breakfast in the morning?

Finishing and design of the second floor in a private house (20 photos)

Now it's time to look at illustrative examples of what the design of a second floor in a private house can be. Consider 3 main options: an attic, a corridor design on the second floor, and a second floor design with a seating area. Save best photos note!

1. Design of the attic floor (4 options with a photo)

In small private houses, the attic floor usually consists of one common room... The absence of unnecessary partitions and doors allows you to preserve the original architecture of the attic and enjoy its ceiling with beautiful beams. In the following photos, you are presented with 4 options for how you can arrange an attic floor in a private house:

2. Finishing and design of the corridor on the second floor of a private house

Even if your project of the second floor in a private house is a simple corridor with doors to different rooms, it can still delight you with its unusual design. To do this, you can use:

• Saturated color of wallpaper, paint or wall panels;
• Bold flooring with patterns or vibrant colors;
• Numerous framed paintings and photographs on the walls;
• Spectacular ceiling lights and sconces;
• Beautiful stair railings, etc.

When the width of the corridor allows, you can also equip it with narrow built-in cupboards, console tables, niches and reading corners.

The following photo shows interesting design second floor in a private house. There is a reading corner by the window at the top of the stairs. The corridor to the right leads to the dressing room, and the corridor to the left leads to the nursery and the bathroom (2 closed doors), after which it ends with a common recreation area for the whole family.

3. Design of the landing above the stairs to the second floor

The area around the stairs to the second floor can be quite difficult to design. When the area of ​​a private house allows, an open space with a "balcony" fenced with stair railings is left there.

But it is much more interesting to arrange there a full-fledged recreation area with a built-in library, a bench or reading chairs, a seating area with a TV and small tables, etc. Photos with design examples:

Other options include setting aside the second floor in a private house for a workshop, or leaving the space empty for walking and enjoying the free space.

Second floor in a private house: layout and design options (34 photos) updated: May 3, 2017 by the author: Margarita Glushko

A private house on a private land plot is a comfortable and prestigious housing, which, unlike an ordinary city apartment, you can dispose of according to on their own... In the case of a private one, you can design its construction to the smallest detail, starting with pouring the foundation and ending with the construction of the roof. Surely everyone will agree that it is more functional and promising than a one-story one, but for many people gathering on their own, the construction of a second floor turns into a serious problem. Our article will tell you how to build a second floor on an old house.

Balcony extension on the ground floor
Most of the old and some new houses do not have balconies on the ground floors. But this is not a problem, since the extension of the balcony on the first floor is not such a complicated matter. It is only important to remember that such a balcony is a typical above-ground construction, which means that its structure must include the foundation, floor slab, walls and roof.

The foundation is the most important stage in the construction of a balcony on the first floor. And here crucial has a bookmark depth, which is determined by the depth of groundwater and the depth of soil freezing. On average, if the groundwater level is 1.5 m, then a foundation pit is dug up to 0.5 m deep under the foundation. groundwater and the quality of the soil, it is recommended to contact specialists who are able to perform competent geological research.

Extension of the balcony on the ground floor Very carefully it is necessary to mark the foundation. Since the balcony extension must adjoin the house, the markings are carried out directly from the wall. If there is no prohibition of the city architectural and planning management, the dimensions of the future balcony can be practically any: the width is arbitrary, and the length is limited by the size outer wall apartments. Although in most cases, the city architect still requires that the extension does not protrude beyond the balconies on the floors above and the existing annexes on the ground floor.

After marking, the soil inside the rectangle is taken out to the required depth - it is determined based on the total thickness of the drainage layer (10-15 cm of crushed stone and 5-10 cm of coarse sand) and the height of the support logs. It should be borne in mind that ultimately the upper surface of the laid lags must coincide with the level of the building foundation. The bottom of the pit must be well compacted, then pour crushed stone, level it, then pour sand and also level it. Next, support logs are installed - they can be reinforced concrete blocks with a size of 2400 x 60 x 30 cm. The most difficult thing when laying a log is to maintain their strictly horizontal position, so you have to sweat with an alcohol level. When the logs are laid, the space between them can be covered with rubble (5 cm) and sand (5 cm). It is advisable to lay on top of two or three layers of roofing felt or roofing roofing for waterproofing.

The overlap, or, more simply, the floor, is also more convenient to make from reinforced concrete slabs... Their length is selected depending on the length of the balcony, and the width can be from 1.2 to 1.8 m. It is recommended to start laying the floor from the wall of the house, and the slabs should be adjusted close to each other. Their reinforcement should point downwards.

It is more reasonable to lay out the walls of the balcony of the first floor from bricks. Optimal width walls - 25 cm.The height of the front wall is usually done at the level of the window sill of the house, and the side walls can be either the same (balcony open type), or deaf, to the roof (closed balcony, or loggia). In the second case, by the way, it will be easier to make a roof, since the walls make it easy to lay the top floor of reinforced concrete slabs. In the absence of side walls, the supports will have to be made of wooden racks, and the floor itself will be made of roofing material (boards, sheet metal, slate). The roof-to-wall joint must be sealed with molten tar from above, and tow is poured from below, otherwise rainwater will flow down the wall onto the balcony.

Having made the markings for the balcony, be sure to check its correctness. To do this, measure the diagonals of the resulting rectangle - they can differ by no more than 1 cm.

No matter how comfortable and spacious your home is, sooner or later it will become cramped for a growing family, and now you are already thinking that it would be nice to increase its area by adding a room on the second floor. The size of the plot does not always allow one or more rooms to be attached to it, and is it necessary to do this? A suitable way out of this situation is to add a second floor.
A floor superstructure can be either a "regular" floor or an attic (attic floor). It is much more profitable to build a second floor above the house, which will help not to need an additional room. Moreover, using an existing building as a basis for additional space is faster, easier and cheaper than making a new one. After all, you already have half of the house! Together with all communications and engineering networks connected to the main water supply, gas pipeline, electricity network, etc. In addition, you will not necessarily be led to the second floor, for example, gas pipe or plumbing if you plan to place an office, bedrooms or living room there!

The superstructure of the second floor can be either a “regular” floor or an attic (attic floor). How to build a second floor without overloading the foundation of the house? In order to determine whether your house will withstand one more floor, you need to conduct a survey of it.

Technical expertise will determine the margin of safety of the load-bearing elements, foundation, attic floor and communications. You don't want the wiring and pipes in the walls to sag or start to break right during the house? Depending on the state of the supporting structures and communications of the house, you can either simply "build up" an additional floor on it, or you will have to first strengthen its walls and foundation and only then start construction work on the second floor.
To build a second floor, you need to have some knowledge in Buildings whose walls and ceilings have a sufficient margin of safety (houses with thick stone or brick walls), it is possible to add a second floor without reinforcing its structure and on any of known technologies construction of houses.

It can be: Masonry; Construction using reinforced concrete structures (polystyrene concrete and other lightweight materials); Second floor add-on using wooden structures; Construction of superstructure using frame (frame-panel) technology.

In a house with a weak foundation, originally designed for only one main floor, it is possible to build on additional floors in a capital way only after the reconstruction of the house. Reinforce walls and foundations to withstand, for example, masonry, quite difficult. If you do not have the time or opportunity to reconstruct the house, the superstructure of the second floor will have to be erected either from lightweight frame structures, or, to put it simply, “on piles”.

External reinforcing structures In order to relieve the foundation and walls in the house during the superstructure, several technologies are used: "Internal" Additional supporting structures are installed inside the house along its contour. The layout for the superstructure of the second floor during the reconstruction is linked with the old load-bearing walls and is consistent with the elements of the reinforcing frame inside the building (the columns are installed on their own foundations). In this case, only some part of the load is transferred to the existing structures. Most of it falls on new load-bearing elements in the house.

Balconies or loggias can be built between them and the walls of the house. In fact, such a superstructure is a set of columns and single-span beams-walls placed around the building: they simultaneously play the role of partitions and load-bearing structures. The built-up floor rests on its own "piles" and is not structurally connected in any way with the built-up house. In fact, it is not a second floor superstructure, but practically independent, built over an old house.
They are connected only by communications. Frame (frame-panel) technologies Modern industry offers a lot of durable and reliable structures to increase the number of storeys, while they are lightweight and do not make the house particularly heavy. Therefore, the construction of the second floor in an individual house is most often carried out precisely according to frame technology... Compared to reinforced concrete, frame structures: They weigh a little; Fireproof; Have a low cost price;

They allow construction in any weather and at any time of the year. However, if you are planning to build a second floor in country house, you may well get by on their own by making its elements with your own hands. Building the second floor First of all, prepare the panels from which you will assemble the end walls.

Such a homemade panel is a frame made of wooden beams, which is sheathed with chipboard on both sides. Inside the "sandwich" is filled with heat-insulating material (the thickness of the insulating layer is 16 mm). Work order Disassemble old roof: first, the tiles are removed, then the rafter frame is disassembled. Before continuing work, you need to remove the beams and removed roofing material from the upper floor;
Use a crane or winch to lift the wall element to the jobsite; Install the end walls. After installation, they are fastened together by longitudinal beams, connected for reliability by vertical elements; Now fasten the rafters to the longitudinal beams. Where there will be windows, vertical beams are attached to the longitudinal beams; Now it's time to sheathe the walls of the superstructure inside and out. Use the same chipboard sandwich panels with a sealant as those from which you mounted the end walls (then the walls will be plastered);

Attach the battens and roofing sheets to the roof frame and insert the windows; Having finished equipping the room, you can do the interior, wiring communications and installing electrical equipment. Final stage If you wish, you can divide the built-up room into several rooms using plasterboard partitions... Since this is a fairly light material, walls or partitions made of it will not add much to the total weight of the superstructure. And do not forget to make a staircase in the ceiling of the upper floor!

If your superstructure will serve as a full-fledged residential floor, the staircase is installed in the hallway or in the living room, and you can climb from the veranda to the attic of a summer cottage. Having mastered the technology of frame-panel construction using the example of arranging such a superstructure, you can, if necessary, make a second floor above the house, using industrial frame structures and ready-made wall panels instead of wooden beams.

How to complete the second floor in a private house?

To build the second floor, you first need to drag all the building materials up. And the roof? The roof is already in two stages: first to the second floor, and then to the roof. To train some muscles and the cardiovascular system, a two-story house is, of course, what you need. You do not need to slip with the simulators. Here are the links to the plan load-bearing beams second floor and intermediate.

The imperial system, whether it be three times wrong

The frame boards were spaced 600 mm apart according to the building code. As I found out later, when the house was already built, an addendum to this code was issued, which allowed the use of the old imperial dimensions. Let me explain. Until the moment when Canada switched to the metric system, in North America all used the imperial. The states still use it. The distance between the boards in the imperial building code is 24 inches. If you translate them into millimeters, you get 610. When Canada was rewriting its building code, then some people rounded all sizes to hundreds. Someone would have a ruler in their hands ... But the industry has not switched to the metric system. All building materials continue to be produced in imperial sizes. However, their metric equivalent is indicated in brackets. OSB sheets are multiples of feet, not meters. As a result, I had to cut off these unfortunate few centimeters from all OSB and drywall sheets of 4 by 8 feet in order for the sheets to converge over the support, be it a wall, floor, ceiling or roof. The point, as you know, is not in the transition to the metric system, but in rounding off to hundreds of millimeters. How I swore! Moreover, in all languages, that is, in two: Russian and English. These officials also wanted to speak French. Here I will learn, I will definitely tell you.

Fire bulkheads

Frame interior walls, as I already wrote, was hammered from 2 "by 4" boards. Since the ceilings were 3 meters high, it was necessary to take fire safety measures, and specifically to install fire bulkheads. Loudly said. In fact, these are the same boards, nailed across about the middle of the frame height. The idea is that if a fire breaks out on one floor, then without bulkheads it will spread to the second floor in no time. Bulkheads should slow down the spread of fire. Bulkheads only need to be installed in internal hollow walls. External walls filled with refractory thermal insulation do not require bulkheads.

Floor on the second floor

The staircase to the second floor was not yet ready for me then. Therefore, in order to lift the 3/4 "OSB sheets there, they had to be pushed along two 2 by 10" boards, which later became the basis for the stairs. In the meantime, it was a good tool for training the muscles of the back and legs. The moral of that fable is this: Think three times before you start building a two-story house alone. First, I added steps to my leg trainer, turning it into a ladder. After that, things went more fun.
Installation of walls

Installing the walls is a common thing, except that this time everything happened 11 feet higher, that is, about three and a half meters above ground level. I want to say that there was no one to support on the other side of the wall. Therefore, we lifted them slightly, then I screwed two boards to them at both ends, and after that we continued lifting, holding the walls by these boards. After the wall was leveled vertically, it was fastened with the same diagonal planks to the floor. We are not firemen, but high-rise carpenters

Greenhouse

Uncle Fedor designed a unique greenhouse, such as a tower: seven walls, fourteen windows and a ceiling of more than six meters, that is, there was no covering between the first and second floors. The office on the second floor had a balcony overlooking the greenhouse.

And I had to lift such walls alone! I collected them on the second floor, then gently lowered them down, balancing them like a swing on the edge of the second floor. After I installed two walls adjacent to the house, I changed the tactics slightly. I used these two walls as supports for the beam to which I tied the winch.

With the help of this winch and elements of aerial acrobatics, without belay, at a height of almost 7 meters, I installed the remaining five walls. One. During the week. Another moral - a lot can be done alone, you only need time. Driving Tables Apart from rounding issues, the building code is a thing. There are even tables for driving nails, that is, how many, which ones, at what distance, in what order, etc.

The first thing to do is to assess the ability of the foundation and walls of the first floor to support the weight of another floor. To do this, you need to at least see the foundation and measure its thickness and depth, for which you may have to dig a hole in one place. If it turns out that the power reserve is insufficient, then the foundation needs to be strengthened by digging a small trench along the perimeter of the old foundation and filling it with concrete, trying to connect the existing foundation with the new one as much as possible.

The same should be done if the walls of the house are not strong enough, for example, built of adobe, clay or bricks, but not thick enough - for example, half-brick. Such walls need to be strengthened by additional masonry along the outer perimeter or by installing several supports, which will serve to take on the bulk of the structure of the second floor.

It is advisable to build the second floor from light materials - foam concrete blocks, board with subsequent insulation, frame-panel structures. First you need to think about ways of joining and reliable fastening of elements interfloor overlap, walls of the first and second floors between themselves, as well as roof beams.

Features of the construction of a mansard-type floor

The construction of a second floor on a mansard-type building is considered the simplest and most common type of construction. of this type... It is possible to carry out such construction work without leaving the house, which is subject to reconstruction. In order to make the second floor of an attic type, you can use the floor ready-made structures which can be purchased collapsible.

For this type of construction work, various building materials are used, the most common of which are metal, wood and concrete. All these building materials can be used individually or in combination, if this allows Basic structure and the price ratio of building materials. By itself, this type of superstructure is considered quite economical.

If we compare the living space added to the house with a new building, then its cost will be half the cost of building new building residential type with the same dimensions.

In addition, the construction of the second floor does not require the use of those building materials that were used for the construction of the residential building itself, which makes it possible to use more cheap materials... As a rule, the height of the floor to be completed should be about 2.7 meters, taking into account the space for organizing the attic floor.

You can even make the second floor of an attic type from a wooden building material, which is quite acceptable according to building codes.

The use of such an inexpensive and relatively lightweight building material significantly increases the possibilities for this type of construction. The only drawback in wooden second on the floor, it can be considered the fact that the lumber structure is not stable in operation and has a short service life, in comparison with brick or concrete structures.

But with the help of special antiseptic solutions and simple drying oil, it is quite easy to increase the service life of wooden structures, as well as increase the resistance of a wooden building material to atmospheric influences, which lead to rotting of sawn timber.

How to strengthen the old foundation in the house?

Question:
Hello! I would like to ask your advice on how to strengthen the old foundation (1960s) for the construction of the second floor. (sleepers) is most likely on a strip foundation, but not deep, the size of the house is 9x16 sq.m.

Evgeny, Novosibirsk.

Hello Evgeny from Novosibirsk!

Your home is a decent size. But judging by the fact that the first floor is made of sleepers, that is, wooden, then you will also make the second floor wooden.

Consequently, the load will be increased, but not as much as it would be with a stone second floor.

As a first approximation, I would like to say right away - build the second floor with the frame-panel method, that is, a wooden beam made of edged boards with a section of 100/50 or 150/50 millimeters. Sheathe the outside and inside with a board, with insulation of the wall cavities. The lightest roof of the most minimum sizes and a light roof. And everything will be fine.

This is what they do in most cases.

And the houses are still standing for a long time and reliably. Because they have already given a full draft over the previous fifty years and are able to withstand a somewhat larger one.

But according to science, the first thing to do is to make sure of the strength of the foundation. Your assumptions that you have a strip foundation and, possibly, shallow. It is necessary to drill the soil in several places directly next to the foundation. Why take a scrap, a shovel and dig until you can see visually how much below the surface of the earth.

The classic foundation should be buried in the ground by the amount of soil freezing in your region, or slightly more. That is, according to your Novosibirsk latitude - not less than 160 centimeters. There must be a layer of sand of at least 10 centimeters under the base of the strip foundation.

Walk around the entire perimeter of your house and look carefully to see if there is any damage to the basement of the foundation. that is, the height to which it rises above the surface of the earth. No? There is a hope of getting by with the old foundation, without reinforcement.

If the load from the weight of the second floor is very significant, then the foundation is strengthened. This is a long and difficult business. I did it several times. The job is not for the faint of heart.

On my site a couple of times, answering questions, I talked about this in detail. Therefore, you can search and find.

And if very briefly, then to strengthen the foundation next to it, they dig about two meters of trench with a length of about one to one and a half meters and to the depth of freezing of the soil in your region. This is done around the entire perimeter of the house. Then they dig under the bottom of your existing strip foundation, pour a layer of sand about 10 centimeters thick, fill the cavity with concrete.

Then they fill up these trenches and dig those gaps that have not been dug out before. Repeat the operation.

As a result, you get a deeper foundation, which must surely support the weight of the house with the new superstructure.

But this is very short, there are many nuances here, from the formwork device to the casting method. And several other options can also be applied.

What decision you make will depend only on you - whether to strengthen the foundation with the application of long and significant efforts. Or take a chance and try to build on the second floor with the existing foundation. To make such a decision, no specialist will give you a ready-made answer without first examining and "feeling" the old building.

Try to consult with professionals (preferably two or even three, but not to mention that you have already consulted with others before them!) If all of them - two or three - give the same verdict, do so. The error will be unlikely. If their answers are contradictory, then it is better not to take risks and strengthen the foundation.

A private house on a private land plot is a comfortable and prestigious housing, which, unlike an ordinary city apartment, you can dispose of at your own will. In the case of a private one, you can design its construction to the smallest detail, starting and ending with the construction of the roof. Surely everyone will agree that it is more functional and promising than a one-story one, but for many people gathering on their own, the construction of a second floor turns into a serious problem. Our article will tell you how to build a second floor on an old house.

First, determine what the ceiling height will be in your house. In accordance with this height, fireproof bulkheads must be installed, nailed across in the middle of the hull height, inside the hollow walls interior cladding at home. Fireproof bulkheads are needed in order to secure in the event of a fire

Start building the second floor by laying the floor. Lift the materials that you have chosen to cover the floor up, for which you must first install the stairs to the second floor. This will make the job easier.

After the floor is laid on, start assembling the walls, also lifting up the slabs. When lifting and assembling wall slabs, keep in mind that you will be working at height, which means that you need at least one person to insure you and support the slabs during installation.

Secure the walls with temporary plank insurance and lift the slabs to a vertical position, and then secure them to the floor. Additionally, you can add a balcony or a greenhouse that comes out of the second floor.

What are the majority of attics in Soviet-built private houses? Dark and dirty rooms in which the owners put various belongings, which it is a pity to throw out, but no one wants to use either. Give a second life to your attic or attic - renovate ancillary space and expand your living space. Yes, the attic room has a very complex shape, the strong bevel of the ceiling formed by the gable roof does not allow to be there in full growth throughout the entire area. But with a reasonable approach to planning and the use of effective design techniques, you can achieve unprecedented results - turn a room littered with rubbish into an incredibly comfortable and cozy space for rest, work, creativity and sports, games with children.

If your private house has an attic, then it would be strange not to use these square meters for the benefit of the family. Living room, bedroom, guest room, dressing room, office or even an additional bathroom - the possibilities for arranging the attic are limited only by your desire, needs and the size of the reconstruction budget. We bring to your attention an impressive selection of design projects for the decoration of attic and attic spaces, due to the needs of their owners. Let modern, practical and visually appealing interiors inspire your makeover.

Bedroom in the attic - practical, comfortable, aesthetically pleasing

Arranging a bedroom in a room with a gable roof is the best option. Indeed, in the sleeping space, you will spend most of the time in a horizontal position, when the height of the ceilings and their bevel is not so crucial. Many attics don't have enough space to accommodate a full living room or children's room. But the master bedroom or the guest room can become a comfortable additional space for your home.

If you have a fairly spacious attic room, you can equip a bedroom for two people. Beds placed in areas with the greatest bevel of the ceiling will save usable space for the passage, along which you can walk in full height without any discomfort.

You have long managed to equip the main premises of your private home - all the necessary functional areas are located and decorated in accordance with your stylistic preferences. But a small nook of space in the attic remains not covered. Use this space to arrange sleeping places for guests. Here is a vivid example of the fact that even a modest-sized room of an original form can become a cozy place to sleep. And whatever you have stored in the attic up to now, in no particular order, can be folded into storage systems built into the bases of the beds.

Here is an example of organizing several sleeping places in the form of built-in blocks with storage systems. Each berth is a cell with individual lighting and adjacent shelves and cabinets.

In the spacious attic room, you can organize not just a bedroom, but a multifunctional station containing, in addition to sleeping place dressing area and workplace... Embedding a wardrobe complex around front door on the entire space from floor to ceiling allows you to significantly save the useful space of the bedroom. And the work table in the boudoir area can also be used as a toilet.

Features of finishing a bedroom in the attic

To radically transform an old attic into an elegant bedroom, it is difficult to come up with a more elegant design move than using a snow-white finish. One of the problems of attic spaces, in addition to irregular shapes and ceilings with large bevels, is poor lighting. It is rare in which roof it is possible to make a window to provide the space with a source of natural light. As a rule, one has to be content with a window (or windows) located on the gable of the building. That is why the attic space so needs a light finish, snow-white and glossy surfaces that can reflect sunlight.

One of the basic rules for the visual expansion of space is “dark bottom, white top”. Bedroom with dark floor covering and the snow-white walls, which often abruptly turn into the ceiling, will seem larger than it really is. Ceiling beams made of wood to match the floorboard or parquet will become an original addition, accent and part of the structure.

Living room in the attic room - design features

For attic spaces with a skylight, the process of arranging the living room is simplified. The room is full sunlight and at least one wall on the pediment of the building is vacated. This free plane can be used for arranging a video zone or installed artificial fireplace... And in the space with the lowest ceiling height, install sofas and armchairs. Light finishes, a couple of bright accents and even a small space under the roof itself will look attractive, cozy and modern.

The attic spaces of private houses are often decorated with the active use of natural material - wood. This finish is an excellent soundproofing tool (after all, we do not forget that we will be under the roof itself, on which rain, and even hail will knock), wooden panels are able to "breathe", not to mention the fact that such a design gives natural warmth the whole image of the room.

Living room in snow-white tones with an abundance of sunlight - none of your guests will recognize the former cluttered attic or attic in such a magnificent room. Light furniture will give the interior elegance, glass and mirror surfaces, shiny fittings, furniture elements and lighting fixtures- all together will create a completely airy, light atmosphere.

Pastel shades are perfect for decorating a living room located in an asymmetrical room. Popular nude tones will be a great option for a foundation, complemented by a pair of contrasting bright accents.

It happens that the attic space has a very modest size, and even the shape is presented in an unknown geometric variation. But even such a complex room can be equipped efficiently, brightly, and modernly. Here is an example of such a bold design project with bright finishes, an unusual choice of furniture and a non-trivial approach to decoration.

If light, pastel shades for interior decoration - not your element, but contrasting, original design is able to cheer you up, then you can start with an attic room or an attic remodel to try your hand at original design... The next lounge, for example, uses a combination of dark structural elements with wood paneling. The furnishings, modest in quantity, but original in design, a large window with a beautiful view and contrasting finishes - a non-trivial room in design is ready!

If you give free rein to your design ideas in such important family rooms as the living room, bedroom or nursery, you do not have enough courage - try to work out in the attic! It is here that you can safely use unusual shapes and creative color solutions, furniture made with my own hands and paint the walls yourself.

For all lovers of wine drinks, collectors and not only, we can offer the option of decorating in the attic not just a living room, but a tasting room. Wine cabinets built-in in places with the lowest ceiling height, comfortable sofas and armchairs, a small sideboard or a display cabinet for dishes - what else do you need for comfortable relaxation and gatherings with friends?

Children's room on the site of the old attic - miracles of alteration

In some private households, the height of the attic space does not allow adult owners to feel comfortable there. But for small households in the space under the roof itself, you can arrange a cozy nest. Children like small nooks, small closets, in which you can not just retire, but be a full-fledged owner. With a large bevel of the ceiling in such spaces, it would be logical to place the storage system in the lowest zone, and at the highest point of the ceiling - a segment for recreation, creativity and games.

In the attic, you can place a full-fledged children's room with a sleeping place, an area for games, activities and creativity. The main thing is that the room should be sufficiently lit, if there is an opportunity to replace old small windows with new double-glazed windows with large dimensions - do not miss this opportunity. It is easy to get rid of the abundance of sunlight - it is enough to have curtains or blinds on the windows, but the lack of natural light will affect the psychological and physical condition of a child who spends a lot of time in his room.

The attic room needs a light finish more than others - the reason for this is the lack of large windows that can provide the space with an abundance of sunlight, and the asymmetric shapes of the room itself, which I would not want to focus on. But in a room for children it is impossible to do with only light tones, the gaze of a child needs more bright accents than ours, on which attention can be focused. Use for a change color palette nursery, located in the attic, all available funds- bright furniture, colorful textiles for decorating sleeping places, colored shades on pendant lamps and wall sconces, colorful rugs and even floor coverings.

Office, workshop or library - arrangement of the attic floor

In a tiny attic, it will hardly be possible to arrange a full-fledged living room or bedroom, there will not be enough space for organizing a game room or a gym. But to design an office or personal workshop, you only need a couple of three square meters... Writing desk, easel or musical instrument installed in the area with the highest ceiling level, low storage systems at the lowest points or hanging shelves on the pediment - and the office or workshop is ready.

Do not sew up roof structures with plasterboard. In addition to the fact that you will significantly reduce the space of the attic or attic, you will also deprive the interior of the office of its individuality. The wooden beams on the ceiling of the office become a kind of source of natural warmth, which we so often lack in modern homes with an abundance of technology and electronics.

And here is the opposite design project of the office, designed for the work of at least two people. The snow-white matte and glossy surfaces seem to have completely absorbed the interior of the room. Bright accent only the original ceiling beams protrude.

Here is an original and rational way of embedding a bookcase in a library or office. Depending on the number and size of windows, different compositions from open shelves can be obtained. But in any case, you will be sure that you have used all the space of the attic space provided to you to the maximum.

What could be better than solitude with your favorite book in a small but cozy space of the former attic, and now a comfortable home library? Built-in bookshelves, comfortable armchairs or sofas, floor lamps for reading in the dark, lots of pillows and a warm rug on the floor - cozy atmosphere ready for reading.

It is rare in any private house that there is a free room on the ground floor for arranging an area for sports. Why not use the extra space in your attic or attic? Of course, provided that your sports are not related to throwing a heavy barbell on the floor, from the blows of which the chandeliers will tremble on the ground floor. In areas with the lowest height, you can place storage systems for sports equipment and clothing, install a small sofa for relaxation, and use all the remaining space exclusively for training.

In big cities, where the population density is high, and real estate prices are prohibitive, even apartments located under the roof become a good purchase. apartment building... The key point in this case is the location of the dwelling in the center of the metropolis. If the entire apartment is an attic space, it is not surprising that utilitarian spaces are located under the roof itself. The design of the bathroom located in the attic has its own nuances. The correct layout, taking into account not only the size of the room and the height of the owners, but also the laws of ergonomics, will help create a truly comfortable and practical space for water procedures.

Home cinema in the attic - a dream come true

In modern private houses, more and more often you can find the design of the first floor in the form of a combination of three functional areas in one space through a free layout - living room, kitchen and dining room. This arrangement of the living segments of the dwelling is very convenient, it allows you to save usable space, without prejudice to each zone separately. But in such a living room it is difficult to arrange a full-fledged home theater. And in this case, we remember about the free space in the attic attic. A large TV or projector screen, comfortable and roomy sofas, a couple of small tables-stands and your once abandoned attic is ready to receive guests for an interesting movie show.

A home theater setting will be truly magical if small lamps are built into the false ceiling. You can arrange switching lighting modes - usually for watching movies with the effect of the starry sky.

Cloakroom under the roof - we save space

Where else, if not in the attic to take out all the storage functions? There is often simply not enough space in the bedroom, and only owners of very spacious houses can afford to allocate a separate room for a dressing room on the ground floor. In the attic space, you will be limited in the number of storage systems only by the size and shape of the room. But even the most modest attic space can accommodate the wardrobe of all family members.

Only at first glance it may seem that an asymmetrical attic room with niches and a large bevel of the ceiling is not suitable for built-in cabinet furniture. Of course, ready-made solutions presented in a wide range in furniture stores will not work for a space with a complex shape. But custom-made, in accordance with the characteristics of your difficult room, storage systems will be the best option for placing the maximum possible number of cabinets, shelves and racks on the minimum amount of occupied space.

Effective and stylish arrangement of the attic floor or attic