Installation of plasterboard partitions Knauf. Partition standards for a unified knauf classification

Dry construction refers to the design and construction of lungs frame sheathing structures, during the installation of which a minimum of funds and physical efforts are spent. German KNAUF company produces quality materials necessary in the performance of such work and is a kind of legislator that defines the standards for this type of activity. The Knauf system for drywall partitions is known to any professional builder. Now it is our turn to get acquainted with these constructions in more detail.

Series of partitions (according to the Knauf classification)

The company's specialists classify all frame sheathing partitions into several standard types:

Horizontal sectional view	Construction type
	С 111 - a frame made of a steel profile, sheathed with 1 layer of drywall sheets.
	С 112 - the steel frame is sheathed with gypsum board sheets in 2 layers.
	С 113 - "single" frame made of steel profile sheathed with a three-layer coating of gypsum plasterboard.
	C 115 - Knauf partitions of this series have double metal carcass and 2 layers of plasterboard sheathing.
	C 116 - double steel frame with space for communications. The structure is sheathed with 2 layers of plasterboard on each side.
	С 118 - "Protection against penetration". The frame made of steel profiles is sheathed with gypsum board in 3 layers. Galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.5 mm is laid between the sheets.
	С 121 - partition frame made of timber sheathed with 1 layer of plasterboard.
	С 122 - wooden frame with two-layer plasterboard coating.

For the outer coating of frame structures, the Knauf company produces a durable high-tech material based on gypsum, which does not contain toxic substances, is absolutely non-combustible and has excellent performance properties. Gypsum board is produced in the form of KNAUF sheets (GKL) - rectangular elements consisting of a reinforced gypsum "core" covered with specially treated cardboard.

Depending on the field of application, these sheets have different properties and are subdivided into types:

GKL - used in rooms with normal humidity.
GKLO - has increased fire resistance. The material is used for cladding partitions from a profile installed in fire-hazardous premises.
GKLV is a moisture resistant material. Its cardboard cover is impregnated with a special composition.
GKLVO - combines the properties of moisture and fire resistance.

In addition to this classification, Knauf sheets have differences in the type of side edge. All material features are marked with markings that are applied to each sheet.

Partition frame features

Next building blocks The frame-sheathing structures of the Knauf system are metal profiles - strips of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.5–0.8 mm. These products add strength to the frame without adding weight to the overall weight. Consider what kind of profile is needed for a plasterboard partition, which will be made according to the Knauf system:

Tools and fasteners

The design features of Knauf systems imply strict adherence to all manufacturer's recommendations regarding their installation. The company's specialists pay great attention to the characteristics and quality of the fastening material, which is used when assembling the frame partitions of their drywall.

To connect the profile to each other, it is recommended to use screws (self-tapping screws) for metal LN 9 and LB 9 (piercing and drilling). For fastening Knauf sheets, self-tapping screws such as TN and TB are used with a length of 2.5–4 mm. The guide profile is fixed to the ceilings with simple or anchor dowels of 4, 6, 8 or 12 mm.

1 - LN screw; 2 - LB screw; 3 - TN screw; 4 - TB screw

The design of the KNAUF system plasterboard partition is very simple, and for its installation it is enough simple tool, which is in any "home" set:

Roulette, level, plumb line - for marking.
Perforator - holes for dowels, securing the guide profile.
Screwdriver - installation of the frame and fastening the sheathing.
Shears for metal - cutting a profile to size.
Construction knife - cutting drywall.

Installation steps

Knauf specialists have developed phased technology installation of plasterboard systems, implying a strict sequence of all work. So let's consider short instruction for the installation of plasterboard partitions:

Markup. We mark with a dyeing cord straight line on the floor, and then, using a plumb line or a laser level, we transfer this mark to the adjacent walls and ceiling.
Installation of the frame of the partition from the profile. To the floor and ceiling, with dowels (after 80–100 cm), we fasten the PN profile. It must be attached to the ceilings by laying a sealing material. In the PN we install and fix the rack-mount profile. The maximum distance between the uprights should not exceed 600 mm.
Equipment installation. V frame structure we install embedded elements (supports for cabinets, shelves, lamps, etc.). We install electrical wiring and all the necessary communications.
Frame cladding. On one side of the frame for a plasterboard partition, we mount sheets, fixing them with self-tapping screws every 250 mm.
Installation of soundproofing. Between the racks (as tightly as possible) we lay soundproofing material.
Full cladding. We fix the gypsum board on the remaining side of the frame. If the type of partition provides for a multilayer coating, each layer of sheets must be installed, shifting it 600 mm from the previous one.
Finishing. After finishing the lining of the frame, you need to putty the seams between the sheets and the caps of the fastening screws. Plasterboard must be primed for the final decorative finish.

This short review plasterboard systems developed by the famous a German company Knauf is a kind of instruction that must be followed when installing partitions. Additional questions that arise during your work will be carefully considered by our experienced specialists. Do not hesitate, we will give you an answer that will provide a "pleasant" result in such a difficult task as home renovation.

Drywall is used to create arches, various decor premises, partitions, recesses in the wall, etc. Creation of beautiful decorative elements will not do without a solid support, which are Knauf partitions. What is the Knauf partition? In fact, it looks like a plasterboard structure, in which the frame consists entirely of a metal profile. The design is created using a special technology that excludes various unforeseen circumstances.

Knauf partitions can be different. They are installed in different premises, with different soundproofing, for different purposes. Partitions can be different types and are divided according to certain parameters.

By their design, partitions are divided into:

Partitions with one skin layer;
Partitions with two layers of cladding;
Partitions with three layers of cladding;
Partitions with one layer of sheathing, consisting of moisture-resistant Knauf super-sheets on a single-type frame.

In addition to these types, there are partitions where special channels for ventilation and communication are built in. Next parameter, according to which the partitions are divided - this is a frame, or rather its type. Frames can be double or single.

The use of partitions based on a double frame is recommended if you need to create a strong, reliable wall that can withstand heavy.
The creation of partitions with single frames is recommended in those places where sound insulation is not so important, and the walls will not be burdened with heavy pieces of furniture or appliances. It can be concluded that the double frame is more durable.

Knauf drywall partitions: the main advantages

Why is drywall and Knauf partitions so popular? Since the 90s, drywall has been almost synonymous with the word renovation. On Russian market this material appeared thanks to the Knauf firm. The material was accompanied by instructions that detailed how to create various designs from plasterboard sheets. The technology has gained great popularity due to the excellent quality of the goods.

The main advantages of Knauf drywall partitions are as follows:

Installation of partitions can be carried out independently without the involvement of specialists; detailed instructions are included in the product;
It is very easy to calculate the required amount of material and its cost;
Each kit has the required number of parts, it is impossible to forget something;
The kit will provide a quick and easy process for creating a partition;
Knauf material is very durable, so that the partition can withstand even an earthquake.

The use of Knauf partitions is popular to this day. The correct selection of a set of partitions can provide excellent sound insulation, high strength and reliability of the walls. As mentioned above, there are different strengths and sound insulation, depending on the type of room, a suitable kit should be selected.

Knauf plasterboard partitions installation technology

The Knauf installation technology is not much different from the standard installation procedure. However, there are still some differences, they will be discussed below. Together with the drywall material, Knauf brought a special technology and general recommendations for the installation of partitions.

They look like this:

Each baffle kit has top and bottom rails and posts. These racks can have different widths, which depend on the height of the room where the installation is supposed to be, as well as on the weight of the overall structure.
To attach the guides, it is recommended to use dowels, it is necessary to fix at least 3 points.
To install rack profiles, a distance of 600 mm should be observed, in some cases the distance can be reduced.
To fix the racks, use the "punching with bend" method, it is allowed to use special self-tapping screws from Knauf.
To attach the unit to a suspended ceiling, the fire rating must be observed.
For soundproofing, you can use mineral wool.
For installation of sheets, use the "butt-joint" method, that is, lay them without a gap.

In addition to the above recommendations, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of installing the frame. In order for the whole system to serve for a long time, you need to make sure that the joints from the GKL-partition above the door opening are not located on the racks attached to the box. Instructions for assembling the frame for fixing the gypsum board in our material:.

In addition, the seam must be made so that it is in that part of the intermediate rail, which is located above the horizontal beam. The horizontal beam serves as the top border. Compliance with these recommendations will help you make a long-lasting quality design.

Quality partitions made of gypsum plasterboard according to the Knauf system: what will affect the choice of the kit

Exists Various types partitions that are suitable for different room parameters. At the moment, there are about 25 sets for the installation of partitions according to the Knauf system on sale. All sets are marked with the letter "C", which is combined with a specific set number.

To select the correct mounting kit, consider the following factors:

The height of the room or room;
Desired noise level;
Possible load on the wall in the form of furniture or appliances;
Availability of communication systems;
Door type or lack thereof;
Desired partition height;
Room temperature and humidity level;
The type of room and its purpose (bedroom, kitchen, bathroom, living room).

Having decided on the parameters of the room, it will be much easier for you to choose a partition. For example, a bedroom adjacent to a kitchen or living room requires a high degree of sound insulation, so the appropriate installation kit should be chosen. If the bedroom is adjacent to the wall of the neighboring apartment, then the more the partition should be with a high degree of protection against unwanted noise.

Modern technology Knauf and drywall: walls and partitions (video)

Plasterboard partitions Knauf - worthy and reliable way to erect the wall in the desired location. Simplicity and ease of use, installation will help make the installation process easy and enjoyable. With this technology, the issue of unnecessary noise will be closed for you forever.

Drywall, by right, is considered versatile material, which is convenient to use, does not require constant and complex maintenance, and most importantly, it can be used to form simple and complex elements when decorating a room. With the help of drywall, you can sheathe an arch, partitions and niches, suspended pads.

On the other hand, drywall sheets are not the most important thing when decorating walls in a room. Without solid frame in this case it is indispensable. Knauf partitions are exactly the option that is perfect for decorating walls with drywall. Let us consider in more detail what a plasterboard partition of the Knauf type is, as well as what measures are being taken in connection with the installation of this finishing option.

What is a Knauf partition and what types of construction are there?

Knauf drywall partitions, in fact, are ordinary plasterboard construction, inside which there is a metal frame. A reliable profile is used to create the frame. The partitions are highly durable and easy to assemble.

The assembly of structures takes place using a special technology, which allows you to further exclude various unforeseen circumstances and problems associated with the operation of partitions.

GKL partitions made according to the Knauf system can have different kind... They are installed in rooms with different levels of sound insulation and for different purposes. Constructions can be of different types and can be classified according to different parameters.

Partitions are:

with one skin layer;
with two layers of cladding;
with three layers of cladding;
with one layer of cladding, made of moisture-resistant KNAUF super sheets, on a single-type frame.

Important! If you want to make strong walls in the room and elevated level noise insulation, it is necessary to use partitions with a double frame.

In addition to the indicated varieties, there are partitions, where special ventilation ducts and communication. Another parameter worth paying attention to is the type of frame structure. On this basis, the frames can be double and single.

The technology of mounting partitions with a double frame provides for the creation of a strong, safe wall that can support even a heavy TV or other heavy furniture.

Single-frame structures have a more affordable cost, and are used in rooms where an increased level of sound insulation is not required, and heavy objects will not be placed on the walls.

Advantages of Knauf drywall partitions

Plasterboard partitions made according to the Knauf system appeared in the 90s and today they have taken a strong position in the market finishing materials... Drywall today is strongly associated with the word "renovation", because it allows you to create a neat, beautiful and inexpensive finishing indoors in a short period of time. The KNAUF company was able to improve the quality indicators of the material and create structures that became not only stylish, neat interior design, but also featured increased strength and reliability.

A material such as Knauf drywall is considered durable and durable material which is easy to use.

The main advantages of Knauf partitions are as follows:

installation of partitions can be done independently, without the involvement of specialists. Detailed instructions are included in the package;
calculate the right amount materials are quite simple with the help of a special construction calculator online. Consumption is determined from taking into account the working area of the room and the type of finishing that will be performed;
The mounting kit contains enough parts to assemble the partitions. The contractor does not have to calculate the materials using a calculator;
kits will allow you to quickly and easily assemble the partition;
the material is highly durable and can withstand even a strong earthquake.

The use of KNAUF partitions is very popular today and in addition to ease of use, buyers note the affordable cost of such structures.

The process of assembling partitions according to the Knauf system

This mounting method does not differ much from standard technology carrying out plasterboard finishing. However, there are some differences.

When laying Knauf drywall, it is important to ensure that there are no cruciform seams.

Top and bottom rails and stands are included as standard. The width of the racks can be different and depends on the height of the room where the finishing will be carried out, as well as on general view designs.
To fix the guides, it is recommended to use special dowels, with which you should fix them at three points.
During the installation of the racks, it is important to take into account a distance of 60 cm. individual projects, the spacing of the racks can be reduced.
The main method of fastening the uprights is the "notch with bend" technique. Here, the use of special self-tapping screws from KNAUF is allowed;
To increase the level of sound insulation, you can use mineral wool.
When installing sheets, it is necessary to use the "butt-joint" technique so that the laying is carried out without a gap.

In addition to these recommendations, it is important to take into account the features of the installation of the frame. In order for the system to serve for a long time, it is worth paying attention to the joints that are above the door opening and are not located on the racks. All these recommendations will allow you to cope with the installation of the structure in the shortest possible time.

Conclusion

Partitions made according to the Knauf system can become ideal option for the planning of the premises and its decoration. For calculation the required amount material, you can use a special calculator, or you can use ready-made kit... Using this finishing option, the user will receive a neat, modern and aesthetically pleasing room.

During installation false ceiling the main wishes of the homeowner are reduced to ensuring that the structure is strong, durable and attractive, and the work on its installation does not take much time. Knauf plasterboard ceilings meet all these requirements. Let's consider all the features of this technology in this article.

Knauf technology at a glance

Knauf is a German design. Its developer - the company "Tigi-Knauf", which produces high quality materials for construction and repair - various sheets of drywall, fasteners, profiles and more.

Knauf is an option for the manufacture of suspended structures using plasterboard sheets, which are attached to a special suspended frame.

What should be the frame?

When assembling the frame for suspended structure, the company recommends meeting the following requirements:

Use drywall sheets of its production, which have a high moisture resistance.
Installation of profiles in a staggered manner with an overlap or out of order so that the ceiling does not deform under the mass of drywall.
Connect the profiles with Knauf fasteners.
Avoid joining the sheets in the center of the opening, so that the vibrations that occur when opening the door do not provoke deformation of the coating.
After completing the installation of the frame, it should be finished using thermal insulation tape.

Self-supporting ceiling frame Knauf technology mounted using special profiles marked CD and UD.

Pros and cons of technology

The advantages of Knauf technology ceilings include:

Small time spent on work. In the presence of all the right tools and sufficient qualifications of the masters, the installation can be carried out in one day.
The possibility of installing such a ceiling in any room, regardless of size and configuration.
Ease of subsequent processing and it is possible to use any kind of material.
Successful leveling of various defects in the base ceiling and hiding communication lines due to the presence of a gap between the coating and the surface to be finished.
Availability additional opportunities in the form of a lining on the ceiling of a layer of material for insulation or sound insulation.
Possibility to mount different variants constructions. It can be single-level with the presence spotlights or multi-level.

The only drawback of the technology under consideration is that when installing such a ceiling, the height of the room is significantly reduced. But this is a minus only in the case of small rooms, for large rooms with high ceilings, on the contrary, it can become an advantage.

Preparation for installation work

Work on the installation of the ceiling in question should be carried out during finishing works... Moreover, all wet works should already be completed.

It is important to pre-align all vertical surfaces.

For work, it is important to create room temperature and humidity. The temperature in the room below 10 degrees Celsius is not permissible for work.

What materials and tools are required?

Before proceeding with the installation of the ceiling, you need to prepare the following tools:

puncher;
cordless screwdriver;
drill;
roulette;
pencil;
a knife with which you can process the ends;
hydro level.

It will not be superfluous and laser level, since the frame assembled using the technology under consideration has a large number of component parts, the location of which should be strictly level.

Of the materials, you will need drywall itself and frame elements - a metal profile or a wooden bar.

When making a frame from a metal profile, two types of guides will be needed:

PN 27 × 28 - for installation around the perimeter of the room;
PP 60 × 27 - for the installation of other frame elements.

Varieties of drywall

In relation to operating conditions, drywall Knauf can be of the following types:

A - standard drywall for construction. It can be used for installation in a room that is heated and has low humidity (up to 60%).
H2 - has increased resistance to moisture. It can be used in a room with a humidity of up to 75% due to the low level of water absorption (up to 10%).
DF - open flame resistant sheets.
DFH2 - combines the properties of drywall type DF and type H2.

Basically, the calculation of the frame is carried out taking into account standard sizes drywall 1.2 × 2.5 m and a thickness of 9.5 mm. However, the dimensions of the drywall may vary.

The edge of drywall is generally thinned semicircular, but some sheets have a different edge (straight, with a cut corner, thinned, rounded one-sided chamfer or semicircular).

However, the first type of lumps is the most technologically advanced. Each of the other non-standard edgebands is designed to meet specific design challenges. For example, to mount corner tabs.

What are the types of ceiling structures?

Frame for stretch ceiling can be made using a Knauf metal profile or using wooden bars.

The suspended ceiling can be of 5 types:

P 111 - the assembly of the biaxial frame is made from a wooden bar.
P 112 - the biaxial frame is assembled from a metal profile.
P 112 - the assembly of the uniaxial frame is made from the Knauf metal profile.
P 131 - assembly of the frame by means of a light profile fixed to the walls.
P 19 - an architectural and decorative structure with the creation of a complex multi-level ceiling.

Step-by-step advice from technology developers for those who want to get the job done on their own.

More details:

Using a level for control and a chopping thread, a line should be marked along the perimeter of the walls.
Taking into account the type of drywall that has been selected, mark the guides with points for attaching the hangers.
With the help of anchors or dowels, suspensions are attached in the designated places.
Subsequent work depends on the type of frame that will be made - wood or metal.
At wooden frame a bar is fixed to the base, using a straight or quick-mounting (facilitates the possibility of an instant change of the side of the attachment) suspension. Next, the guide bar is fixed to the ceiling. To reduce differences in the height of the base, pads are used.
When installing a metal frame, the profiles are connected with suspensions with the provision of an expansion gap of 10 mm, so that it is protected against temperature changes. In this case, lay under the guide profile sealing tape... The profile used must be exclusively wall-mounted. One-piece rails are attached to long wall... The dowels are fixed at a distance of up to 30 cm from each other. The bearing profile must fit into the guide by at least 3 cm.
After the frame is fully assembled, they proceed to sheathing with Knauf plasterboard.

Fastening the guides

To mark the ceiling mounted using Knauf technology, the usual building level will not be enough. The use of a hydro level or a laser device is recommended. You will also need the purchase of a paint strip.

Having placed the marks in the corners of the room by means of the hydrolevel, they are connected to each other by means of a cord.

The profile is fixed under the intended line, while you should not forget that the ceiling will drop to the width of the profile + a sheet of drywall. Therefore, calculations must be made in advance so that the ceiling is not lowered too much.

On a note: When making a markup, you should determine the presence of electrical wiring on the walls and ceiling. The places where it is located are also noted so that the electrical wiring is not damaged during the fastening of the profile.

After completing the markup, fix the guides, represented by a profile of 27 by 28 mm. They are fixed to the wall using dowels 6 x 40 mm.

How is the finishing done?

The main requirement for the installation of gypsum board using Knauf technology is the fastening of sheets across the bearing profile. In this case, the self-tapping screws should be screwed in at right angles. Previously, the edge of each sheet, not glued with cardboard, is processed to remove the chamfer.

Work is carried out with an assistant or a special lifting mechanism is used for this. According to the rules, the sheets are fixed in a checkerboard pattern or at a distance. In the longitudinal direction, the sheet must be laid without a gap, in the transverse direction, a small gap is formed. This is the only way to achieve a perfect seam after the gap is putty.

It is important to take into account the possibility of temperature changes affecting the finishing surface, under the influence of which it can expand and deform. If special expansion joints are provided in 15 cm increments, serious deformation will be excluded.

Self-tapping screws must be screwed in so that they are immersed in the coating sheet by about 1 mm, so their caps will not be visible on the surface. For sealing the joints, a reinforcing tape is used.

Phased implementation of final finishing

When designing and installing ceilings of the technology under consideration, which have two levels, it is necessary to make the material stronger by applying a finish based on moisture-proof compounds and putty mixtures.

Masking seams is as follows:

Using a narrow spatula, the joints are filled with a putty mixture, the remains of which are removed.
Fastening the seam tape.
Covering the tape with a putty and removing the residues after 45 minutes or more.
Screw head putty.
Re-fill joints and remove residues with a wide trowel.
Surface grinding.
Installation of an aluminum corner or PVC corner in place of the outer corners.
Fastening between inner corner and plasterboard separating tape. Covering the surface with a putty.
Painting and plastering the material after it has completely dried.

Features of fastening drywall to the frame

More details:

Plasterboard sheets must be fixed in the direction of all profiles using self-tapping screws. The latter should be placed at a distance of no more than 20 cm from each other. Where the sheets form joints, the screws are positioned with an offset.
Trimming a straight part from of this material can be produced with a sharp knife. After the top layer is notched, the sheet may be broken along the notch. If you need to prepare curly parts, it is better to cut them out with a hacksaw.
Screwing in self-tapping screws must be careful. The hat needs to be slightly drowned in the material, but it should not be broken with a self-tapping screw, because in this case the fastening will not be reliable.

Preparatory work

Installation work should be carried out during the period of finishing work in the room, the Knauf installation technology for plasterboard ceilings is applicable only if all wet work has already been completed. Also, before starting work with the ceiling, it is worth aligning everything vertical surfaces... In the room it is worth keeping the normal room temperature and humidity. In no case should the temperature drop below 10 degrees Celsius.

Before starting work, it is worth preparing the tools:

puncher;
cordless screwdriver and drill;
tape measure and pencil;
knife for processing ends;
hydro level.

Marking and fastening guides

To carry out the marking of the ceiling, which will be mounted using the Knauf plasterboard technology, it will not be enough to use the building level, for this purpose, the hydro level is ideal, either laser instrument... It is also worth preparing a paint job. After the marks have been placed in the corners of the room with the help of the hydro level, they are connected to each other along the entire perimeter with a cord.

The fastening of the metal profile will be carried out under the marked line, so it is worth remembering that the finished floor will go down to the width of the profile and to the thickness of the drywall sheet. This point should be thought out in advance so that, ultimately, the ceiling does not fall too low.

At the stage of marking, it is worth looking at the ceiling and walls for the presence of electrical wiring, it is recommended to outline its location. This will prevent its damage when attaching the metal-profile frame.

After all the markings have been completed, it is worth fixing the guides; for this purpose, use a profile of 27 by 28 mm. They are fixed to the wall with dowels 6 40 mm.

Frame installation

Knauf technology assumes directly on the frame. After fixing the guide profiles, you can begin to mount it. It is necessary to fix the suspensions along the previously marked lines. To anchor them on concrete base dowels must be used. For the frame, the Knauf profile 27 by 60 mm is used. The recommended distance between the profiles is 40 cm. When all the profiles are installed, you can proceed with the installation of individual pieces of the profile, which will run perpendicular to the main one.

On a note: In order to connect the elements at right angles, it is necessary to use a special connecting profile - "crab".

It snaps onto the profile, but for reliability and strength it is also attached to the profile using 3.5 x 9.5 mm self-tapping screws. V finished version a frame with a mesh size of 40 to 40 cm should be obtained. The final stage of the installation of the metal-profile frame is to level the surface and fix the suspensions. It is with their help that you can adjust the horizontal plane. false ceiling... The suspensions should be spaced no more than 50 cm from each other. If there are more of them, this will only improve the strength and reliability of the profile structure.

Installation of drywall on the frame

There is no big difficulty in attaching gypsum plasterboard sheets to the ceiling, the Knauf GKL ceiling installation technology is very easy to perform. But to create more comfortable conditions work is worth asking for help, since drywall sheets have enough big sizes and keeping them under the ceiling is difficult enough. Before sheathing, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the basic rules for carrying out work:

Plasterboard sheets should be fixed in the direction of all profiles with a pitch between the screws no more than 20 cm. In those places where the sheets are joined, the screws will be offset.
In order to cut a straight piece of drywall, you should use a sharp knife. After making an incision in the top layer, the sheet can be broken along the notch. If you need to prepare curly parts for cutting them out, it is better to use a hacksaw.
It is necessary to screw in the self-tapping screws carefully, it is important to control that the cap is slightly recessed and does not protrude above the surface. But you should be careful not to break through the sheet, as the fastening will be unreliable.

Plastering the plasterboard ceiling begins with finishing the joints. It is imperative to use a mesh that will prevent cracking of the plaster. Puttying the entire surface is carried out only after the joints are completely dry.

Video about the manufacture of a ceiling using Knauf technology

Attention, only TODAY!

Visors and awnings. External and internal stairs. Components