In the houses with screw pile of floor laying technology, special requirements are made due to constructive features Buildings. In frame houses, the floor should be part of the power construction. The floors in the frame house on the piles are more subjected to climatic influences, therefore, the requirements for materials, the technology of flooring and methods of insulation are fundamentally different than in buildings with standard types foundation. This material is on how to properly fit on the piles, so as not to violate the key parameters of the building and achieve comfortable conditions Accommodation for long years.

On screw piles

Building in most precedents is a necessary necessity than an image or aesthetic solution. Houses of this type are built in places where the soil has a low density or high level of groundwater. Also, such buildings are found in coastal zones, where in the spring there is a threat to housing.

Building on the slope of the ravine.

To build you need to screw throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe future frame house Piles. The amount of piles, their bulletin is individually written in the project documentation. The upper part of the pile foundation is combined with lower strapping From a bar 150 by 150 mm, or 200 per 200 mm. The base of the bottom strapping of the frame house evenly distributes the load on the piles. Thus, laying of floors of the frame house is carried out directly on the bar.

The advantages of pile foundation

Such a technological solution has several advantages:

• minimum level of precipitation;
• the possibility of using on any types of soil;
• fast installation of the foundation;
• absence large number earthworks;
• high level of stability of the structure;
• minor susceptibility to aggressive factors of the external environment.

An important point is that with the help of the foundation on screw piles You can build frame houses on sites with a significant difference in heights: on cliffs, low-level slopes or ravines, artificial mounds.

On a note

To the weaknesses of the described technological solution You can attribute the inability to equip basement And difficult insulation of the floor in the frame house on the piles.

Paul in construction on screw piles

Before staggering the horizontal overlap of the first floor, you need to competently select wood varieties to minimize heat loss, since the floor in the skeleton house on the screw piles is not protected from the outside as the floor in the ordinary house. Therefore, wood varieties are required, which will ensure the most dense adherence of the flooring to each other.

To analyze the floor of the frame house on the screw piles, it is recommended to use coniferous breedswhich combine high strength, durability and an acceptable price. For secured homeowners, it is preferable to choose an oak or aspen, which repeatedly exceed coniferous grades in many characteristics.

Floor insulation of the first floor.

The right floor in a frame house will allow you to use any types. outdoor coating natural origin whether it is parquet, parquet board or treated board of wood massif. It is also necessary to keep in mind that it will have to use ceramics as an outdoor coating in order to sew the bathroom tiles. The tree should well transfer the effect of moisture-repellent impregnations.

Paul first floor

Horizontal overlaps of the first floor are most susceptible to heat loss, therefore, in this case, the insulation is required between the main genital surface and flooring. Thus, the thickness of the floor of the frame house on the first floor will be much larger than on the second. Additionally, it is required to jar of plywood sheets or sheets of isoplast to lags from the outside.

The counterbours on which the floor covering is resting, should be directly over the lag over the insulation. The floor of the first floor in the frame house requires additional protection against the accumulation of moisture and its evaporation. It is necessary to think about the waterproofing at the starting stage of the flooring, before installing the floor covering.

The layers of insulating material must be superimposed in Farm. The width of the allen should be at least ten centimeters. The device of floors in a frame house on piles resembles a kind of pie, "filling" of which are a draft floor, windproof, layers of thermal insulation, vaporizolation, sexual coating.

Requirements for the second floor

What floor in skew houses is used on the second floor? The main requirement for the fields of the second floor is that they must carry the minimum load on the building, because it is not recommended to build frame houses with a height of more than two floors. The overlaps of the second floor do not give heat and less demanding to the type of floor covering. The main requirement of the fields of this type is the ease of construction and good sound insulation.

The floor of the second floor in the context.

On the upper floors of a frame house unacceptable to use a thick layer insulating materials. For less load on the floor, you can do large quantity Premises on the first floor. The struts and partitions will become part of the power construction of the house, thereby turning the floor of the second floor of a frame house.

Floor insulation

Need to pay close attention to the types of insulation, so wooden floors in a frame house not only actively give warm in external environment In the absence of insulation, but can also be destroyed if the material of the insulating layer is selected with errors.

Main types of insulation

• Mineral wool - This type of insulation has excellent insulating parameters. In addition, mineral wool does not burn, it does not decompose, does not accumulate toxic substances during operation. However, mineral wool loses its insulating properties, if in contact with water, so the construction of the floor of the frame house should be carried out with minimal use of liquids. In this case, prohibited to process hand board Water-emulsion enamel.
• Frame house with water floors - This option of insulation requires significant technological competencies from builders. It is necessary to pave the mains of the coolant supply between the floor and floor covering. Circulating hot water will heat the coating to the desired temperature. To this system Worked without failures, a boiler with ACS and thermostators should be installed in the house. This species insulation is recommended for houses where people live all year round;
• Electric warm floor- Thermal elements are installed between the floor and flooring in the frame house, which the user can activate at will. In this case, the floor covering should not be combustible.

It implies the variability, which is limited by the financial capabilities of the homeowner and the living conditions of the home.

Installation work

Installation algorithm:

1. Installation lag.
2. The adjoining of bars between lags to enhance the design.
3. Laying the flooring of rough floor from a board or plywood.
4. Flooring between lags of a vapor protection membrane.
5. Laying insulation.
6. The insulation must be covered with a vapor protective film.
7. Installation of floor in a skeleton house.

The installers should follow the correctness of the flooring of the floor cake and boobing density.

Given the design features of the frame house on the piles, the floor should be not only durable, but also slightly easy to unnecessarily load the basis of the house. No less important is the good thermal insulation of this part of the construction. That is why the flooring device in a frame house is better made of wood. This material is environmentally friendly, warm and lung. To increase the heat insulation of the floor of the first floor, it is possible to provide a heating system.

Floor materials

If you are going to do the floor with your own hands, you first need to choose correctly construction Materials. When choosing a type of wood, from which the main carrying parts of the structural cake of the floor will be made, you should consider the climatic conditions of the construction region, the intensity of the load on this constructive part of the house, its financial capabilities, as well as the features of each room, for example, the bathroom will need good floor waterproofing.

When building a house on screw piles, the first floor frame can be performed using the following types of wood:

1. Needles. This type of wood is relatively inexpensive, durable and durable. It is suitable for the design in small rooms, for example, in a bathroom or corridor.
2. Aspen and Oaks belong to more expensive varieties Woods. Their operational indicators of strength, reliability and durability are significantly higher than that of other breeds. With the help of elements from these tree breeds, you can perform frame designs in the children's room and bedroom.

Construction floor in the house on the screw piles, it is equally important to use well-leaked wood. If you build a floor from a wet material, then with it drying in the design, slots are formed. The outer state of the wooden elements for the construction of the house is equally important. They should not be spots, cracks and other defects.

Tip: For the floor of the floor in the house on the piles it is better to buy the timber of the 1st grade with humidity not higher than 20%.

In order to correctly calculate the required material volume, it is necessary to add 10% to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. Floor flooring at home on screw piles it is better to do from two-meter boards. To avoid discrepancies in color and texture, it is worth purchasing products from one batch. The best flooring for any floor of a frame house will be a edged tank board. It does not require finishing grinding, which will reduce the time of work and reduce labor costs.

Outdoor coating materials

Making floor in frame wooden houseMost often as an outdoor coating use:

• glued parquet board ( inexpensive material with low operational characteristics);
• parquet (more expensive and durable product);
• parquet board made of array (durable coating);
• a plaquel of wood array (material with high wear resistance).

Naturally, they all are not suitable for the floor in the bathroom, in the kitchen and bathroom. For the premises of the bathroom and the bathroom better use ceramic tiles. The main thing in the design of the floor of the second floor is to provide good waterproofing in places with high humidity.

Carrier construction frames frame house on piles

The flooring device in a frame house can be started after the construction of the pile foundation and performing the strapping. It is better to do it from a bar, an inter-cavalry or a chapeller. We will use wooden beams for strapping, to which we will attach lags. The length of the barbing beams should be no more than 3 m. If the flight will be more than this value, then it is necessary to use additional supports From piles. For beams, you can take a timing segment of 100x100 mm from coniferous wood.

Before laying the strapping, it is necessary to make waterproofing the base with a foam, rubberoid or polyethylene film.

After installing the beams, you can move to the laying of the lag. The step of these elements is 500 mm. The construction of the floor in the house on piles is performed using the beams (lag) with a cross section of 100x250 mm - for the first floor and 70x200 mm - for the second floor. If the overlapping spills are small, for example, in the bathroom, then you can reduce the section of the beams up to 50x150 mm. In some cases, there is a step of lag equal to 40 cm to increase the strength of the structure. More details about how to mount the floor frame, you can see in the video at the end of the article.

Before laying the lag on the strapping you need to make marking equal to their step. Next, in the bar of the strapping, the recesses in the width of the lag are dug. After laying in the grooves, lags are fixed with dowels, screws, nails or self-drawing.

Important: All wooden bearing structures of the floor are necessarily processed by antiseptics and antipirens to protect against rotting and burning.

From the bottom to lags you need to attach the boards 30x30 mm. To increase the strength of the floor design, sometimes during the construction of lags are combined with transverse jumpers with increments of 150 cm. But it is not necessary. Such a strengthening of the design is recommended if the concrete floor with heating will be performed.

As for the framework of the floor of the second floor, the beams of overlapping will be used here, and not lagows. Their step is taken equal to 500 mm. The flooring will be laid right on the beams.

Thermal insulation floor of the first floor

If you decide to build a house on the screw piles do it yourself, then special attention It is necessary to pay the insulation of the floor of the first floor. Wooden floor pattern on the second floor does not require such careful heat insulation.

As a rule, the construction of houses on piles is carried out using beams. To do this, at the bottoms attached to the lags, we laughing OSB plates or Phaneur. The design in the context will resemble the letter sh.

Now you can proceed to the device hydro and vaporizolation. For this we do the following:

1. On top of the lag settlement waterproofing film So that she saved in the lumens between the lags. You can use membrane waterproofing or a conventional film.
2. We put in between lags (over the film) thermal insulation material. Mineral wool is suitable for these purposes. If you want to warm your home on the piles well, then use basalt wool.
3. The waterproofing film on the lags must be fixed by the stapler.
4. The ground floor floor cake in the house on the piles should include vapor insulation. If you are taking construction with your own hands, do not forget that parosolation material It is stacked with Fasting 150 mm. The joints are definitely sick.

The construction of the floor of the first floor is performed above in any room, whether it is a bathroom, a kitchen or living room. As for the second floor's structural cake, it can be done without heat and waterproofing material. But in the bathroom and other places with wet processes, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer in the floor design. In the video proposed below, you can learn more detail about the floor of the floor home on the piles do it yourself.

Laying outdoor coating

The next layer of the constructive cake is made by a 3-cm with a thickness of 3 cm. When laying the boards with your own hands, observe step 40-50 cm. Such a lag shared will allow you to get a ventilation gap. Carnate boards to lags can be self-drawing.

1. On the shepherd of the boards, we perform the styling of the draft floor. It can be pinned or normal board. Confirm her to the shap screws.
2. On the boards, you can lay the purchased flooring.

Since in the bathroom and bathroom facial layer The floor will be a tile, then to align the surface on the draft boards, it is better to WELL or OSP. At the same time, in the structural pie in such premises, additional waterproofing is needed, which is stacked on plywood.

Warm floor frame house

You can make a warm floor in the house on the piles. On the proposed video, this is not shown, but the process is simple and passes in such a sequence:

1. Warm floor cake includes the same carrier wooden frame, as well as for the floor without heating, with the only difference that the sheets of plywood stacked not on the binder boards, but on the cranial bars attached to the lags by self-draws on the sides. You can use a cranial bar with a cross section of 30x30 mm and secure with a step of 15-20 cm.
2. After laying plywood on the bars and performing waterproofing into the lumen between the lags, they are styling polystyrene foam. Top surface polystyrene foam plates Must be at the same level with the top of the lag.
3. Next, you need to lay a layer of vapor insulation films, starting it on the walls above the estimated level of the first floor.
4. On top of the film laying the reinforcing mesh and poured it with a thin layer of cement mortar.
5. Then, on the reflecting layer of philisol, we lay the heating mats of the coolest floor system. Perform concrete screed.
6. We produce flooring laying. If the floor is placed in the bathroom or in the kitchen, you can use the tile.

Paul in a frame house should be done by wooden beams overlaps. Most often finished design Contacts with outdoor air. This is due to the fact that for the construction of light structures, the pile helical foundation is popular. Such supports raise the building above the ground, leaving the free space between it and the overlap that is blocked by air.

The flooring device in a frame house requires compulsory insulation. Without this, there is a high probability of the appearance of mold and fungus, and the occupation is not pleasant from the cold surface.

Pie design

First of all, you need to take off in a skeleton house. It will be both black floors. The main beams of overlapping should be securely secured on-woodworking.

It is important to know that waterproofing is required between the metal pile and wooden bar. It is necessary in order to protect from negative impact elements that possess different characteristics, especially, natural humidity. For waterproofing laid rolled material in two layers. You can use rubberoid, linocur or hydroizol. Sometimes it is obsolete and parchment. It is not desirable to use them.

The bearing base of the floor of the frame house can be made in two ways:

• using the main beams;
• using the main and secondary beams.

Secondary beams or easier lags allow you to increase the pitch of the main beams. But this option increases the front of the work, increases the material intensity and the thickness of the overlap.

Right Pie floor

In the absence of minor, the main beams are also used as lags. The right pie in this case looks like this (listing from the bottom up):

• cranial bars with a cross section of up to 50x50 mm, which are attached on the side at the bottom of the carrier beams of overlapping;
• binder from boards;
• vagazy-progress;
• carrier beams with insulation between them;
• vapor insulation material;
• black floor boards or chipboard thick about 16 mm.

How to make the floor in a skeleton house

The beams take a bar or edged board 5x15 cm cross section on average. The exact dimensions depend on the length of the span and the step of the elements. Boards are installed so that the biggest side is located vertically, and smaller horizontally. When installing, on the contrary, the carrying capacity is greatly reduced.

Everything wooden elements Before use, be treated with an antiseptic. Such a substance allows you to protect the cake of the floor in a frame house from rotting and mold. Additionally, you can proceed with antipirens. This will increase the resistance of fire structures and make the house more secure.

To make the floor in a frame house with their own hands, the main beams of overlapping and at the same time lagows are fixed to the framework of the foundation on the piles. Elements necessarily laid on top. Fixing on the side does not provide high reliability. There are two ways: with a wrinkle or without it. Word allows you to securely fix the elements, but weakens the strapping. For this reason, it is recommended to do without it.

Anchor bolts are used as mounting tools. They are fixed in the strapping. To attach the beams will have to prepare holes in them. For this, lags are laid out on an anchor and hit at the place of support with a hammer. IN right place The dent will remain. After the manufacture of openings, the beam overlap is placed in place, and the nuts on the anchor are tightened on top of them. Additionally, it is recommended to use washers. This is due to the fact that the metal elements of a small cross section can be resettle into soft wood.

After installing the mains carrier structures Transfer to the consolidation of cranial bars. Such elements are necessary in order to put the binder boards on them. Bruks are fixed on self-tapping screws, nails or studs. The dimensions are selected depending on the load: casing mass and insulation, as well as distances between carrier beams. Most often use bars 50x50 mm or less.

At the cranial bars make flooring. It will serve as a basis for insulation. Fastening - on nails or screws. For the manufacture they take a blackboard treated with an antiseptic, 25-40 mm thick. Waterproofing and windproof material are placed on the binder. It is fixed with the help of a construction stapler, and the jokes are sicking with scotch. The minimum base in the joint locations is 10 cm.

As windproof and waterproofing, it is recommended to use modern parodiffusion vaginal-proof membranes. They came to replace the films. The main advantage of such material is vapor permeability. The membrane does not interfere with the house "breathe" and effectively assigns pairs to the outside, the insulation from moisture is removed.

The insulation is laid between the bearing beams. It needs to be protected from the inner pair by vapor insulation. Here is also a choice: films or membranes. Building your home worth choosing best Materials. But the membrane will cost more than the film.

The draft floor in the frame house is completed after the device flooring. Between it and insulation need to leave a gap 2-3 cm thick for ventilation. For flooring, use a cutting board with a thickness of 40 mm. The width is usually taken 100 mm. Like all other elements of the flooring must be impregnated with an antiseptic. Boards are attached to lags with nails or self-tapping screws. It is necessary to choose galvanized fasteners, which is resistant to corrosion.

Warming of overlaps

For thermal insulation of overlaps, several types of materials are used. There is no restriction on strength, since insulation is laid between the lag and does not perceive the payload.

Among the insulation options were widespread:

• mineral wool;
• styrofoam;
• extruded polystyolistrol (Penoplex);
• penosole (in the form of foam).

Mineral wool has become a popular option. This is justified by the favorable value of the material, its availability and simplicity of technology. Another advantage - vapor permeability, wool does not interfere natural ventilation building. In order not to cut the plates, it is recommended to assign a pitch of the lag so that between them a distance of 580 or 1180 mm remains in the light. This will allow you to lay insulation tightly and without trimming.

Floor insulation scheme

There are several species mineral wool. Basalt in rigid plates is best suited. Glasswater is inconvenient in work, and slag is made from waste industry.

The thickness of the insulation is prescribed by calculation depending on the climatic region. On average, it will be a value from 5 to 15 cm. For accurate calculations, it is recommended to use the Teremok Program. It is easy to find in free access in the form of an application for a PC or online version. For calculations, it will be necessary to choose a settlement from the list, the type of calculated structure of the thickness of the insulation and its thermal conductivity. The last characteristic is easy to learn from manufacturers.

Warm floor in a skeleton house

Building construction with warm water floors is gaining popularity. This option allows you to make a home comfortable without serious costs. Water heating It is much less electric.

For laying pipes inside the cake, a special design of the flooring is used. The draft floor in this case is recommended to make not 40 mm from the board, and 50 mm. The flooring is done not solid, but sparse. The distance between the elements is selected so that the heat-reflecting plates with heating tubes can be laid between them.

Another floor design in a frame house with water heating is made using cement tie.. The screed is poured over the solid flooring over the beams. Due to the high load, the flooring makes 50 mm thick.

On the boards put a plastic film, which will prevent the flow of cement milk. Further fill the screed with a thickness of 50-70 mm. Preparation of water pipes along the floor. They must be completely hidden by concrete. A clean floor is placed on top of the screed.

The second method has a significant drawback - an increase in the load on the overlap. In addition, in the event of a breakdown of the heating system will have to break the screed. The first option allows you to simply disassemble the floor and assemble it again.

In homes with screw pile to the technology of floor laying, special requirements are presented due to the design features of the structure. In frame houses, the floor should be part of the power construction. The floors in the frame house on the piles are more subjected to climatic influences, therefore, the requirements for materials, the technology of flooring and methods of insulation are fundamentally different than in buildings with standard types of foundation. This material on how to put the floor pie is in a skeleton house on stilts, so as not to violate key settings for the building and achieve comfortable living conditions for long years.

On screw piles

Build a frame house on screw piles in most precedents is a necessary necessity than an image or aesthetic solution. Houses of this type are built in places where the soil has a low density or high level of groundwater. Also, such buildings are found in coastal zones, where in the spring there is a threat to housing.

Building on the slope of the ravine.

For the construction you need to screw over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe future skew house of piles. The amount of piles, their bulletin is individually written in the project documentation. The upper part of the pile foundation is combined with a lower strapping from a bar 150 by 150 mm, or 200 per 200 mm. The base of the bottom strapping of the frame house evenly distributes the load on the piles. Thus, laying of floors of the frame house is carried out directly on the bar.

The advantages of pile foundation

Such a technological solution has several advantages:

• minimum level of precipitation;
• the possibility of using on any types of soil;
• fast installation of the foundation;
• lack of a large number of earthworks;
• high level of stability of the structure;
• minor susceptibility to aggressive factors of the external environment.

An important point is that with the help of the foundation on the screw piles, it is possible to build frame houses on areas with a significant difference in heights: on cliffs, low-level slopes or ravines, artificial mounds.

The noteworthy of the described technological solution can be attributed to the impossibility of equipping the basement and the difficult insulation of the floor in the frame house on the piles.

Paul in construction on screw piles

Before staggering the horizontal overlap of the first floor, you need to competently select wood varieties to minimize heat loss, since the floor in the skeleton house on the screw piles is not protected from the outside as the floor in the ordinary house. Therefore, wood varieties are required, which will ensure the most dense adherence of the flooring to each other.

In order to store the floor of the frame house on the screw piles, it is recommended to use coniferous rocks that combine high strength, durability and an acceptable price. For secured homeowners, it is preferable to choose an oak or aspen, which repeatedly exceed coniferous grades in many characteristics.

Floor insulation of the first floor.

The right floor in a frame house will allow you to use any types of outdoor coating of natural origin. Whether parquet, parquet board or treated board of wood massif. It is also necessary to keep in mind that it will have to use ceramics as an outdoor coating in order to sew the bathroom tiles. The tree should well transfer the effect of moisture-repellent impregnations.

Paul first floor

Horizontal overlaps of the first floor are most susceptible to heat loss, therefore, in this case, the insulation is required between the main genital surface and flooring. Thus, the thickness of the floor of the frame house on the first floor will be much larger than on the second. Additionally, it is required to jar of plywood sheets or sheets of isoplast to lags from the outside.

The counterbours on which the floor covering is resting, should be directly over the lag over the insulation. The floor of the first floor in the frame house requires additional protection against the accumulation of moisture and its evaporation. It is necessary to think about the waterproofing at the starting stage of the flooring, before installing the floor covering.

The layers of insulating material must be superimposed in Farm. The width of the allen should be at least ten centimeters. The flooring of the floors in the frame house on the piles resembles a kind of pie, the "filling" of which is a draft floor, windproof, layers of thermal insulation, vapor barrier, sexual coating.

Requirements for the second floor

What floor in skew houses is used on the second floor? The main requirement for the fields of the second floor is that they must carry the minimum load on the building, because it is not recommended to build frame houses with a height of more than two floors. The overlaps of the second floor do not give heat and less demanding to the type of floor covering. The main requirement for the fields of this type is the ease of construction and good sound insulation.

The floor of the second floor in the context.

On the upper floors of the frame house, the thick layer of insulating materials is unacceptable. For a lesser load on the floor, you can make a larger number of rooms on the first floor. The struts and partitions will become part of the power construction of the house, thereby turning the floor of the second floor of a frame house.

Floor insulation

It is necessary to pay close attention to the types of insulation, so wooden floors in a frame house not only actively give the heat into the outer medium in the absence of insulation, but can also be destroyed if the insulating layer material is selected with errors.

Main types of insulation

• Mineral wool - this type of insulation has excellent insulating parameters. In addition, mineral wool does not burn, it does not decompose, does not accumulate toxic substances during operation. However, mineral wool loses its insulating properties, if in contact with water, so the construction of the floor of the frame house should be carried out with minimal use of liquids. In this case, it is forbidden to handle the gender board with a water-emulsion enamel.
• Frame house with water floors - this option of insulation requires significant technological competences from builders. It is necessary to pave the mains of the coolant supply between the floor and floor covering. Circulating hot water will heat the coating to the desired temperature. For this system to work without failures, a boiler with ACS and thermostat should be installed in the house. This type of insulation is recommended for houses where people live all year round;
• Electric warm floor - in a frame house between the floor and flooring, thermal elements are installed that the user will be able to activate at wisdom. In this case, the floor covering should not be combustible.

The insulation of the frame house involves the variability, which is limited by the financial capabilities of the homeowner and the conditions of operation of the housing.

Installation work

Installation algorithm:

1. Installation of lag;
2. Adjoining bars between lags to enhance the design;
3. Laying of the flooring of rough floor from a board or plywood;
4. Flooring between lags of a pair-protecting membrane;
5. Laying insulation;
6. The insulation must be covered with a pair-protective film;
7. Installation of floor in a skeleton house.

The installers should follow the correctness of the flooring of the floor cake and boobing density.

Frame houses are gaining popularity as an alternative to wooden. Their main advantage is the quick installation of walls and roofs. Since the weight of such a construction is insignificant, there is no need to build a capital foundation. The house can be installed on piles.

Under the floor there is a free circulation of air, which protects wooden lags and a draft floor from mold and rotting. It is a big lack of such a house. Even high-quality thermal insulation will not protect from the cold from the floor. To fix this deficiency, you should install a warm floor in a frame house.

Features of the installation in a skeleton house

Installation of the "Warm floor" system in a frame house performs several tasks:

• improve the comfort of living;
• removes the need to install wall batteries;
• reduces energy costs.

Due to the low weight of the design of the frame house, it is installed on a column foundation. When installing a warm floor, it is not desirable to apply a standard cement-sandy solution with a size of 30 cm. This will increase the weight of the house and create an additional load on the foundation.

Warm floor in a skeleton house

In addition to the heat-insulated floor, you should take care of the insulation of the outer walls of the frame house. Their thickness, as well as the overlaps is small. Without this event, it will not be possible to achieve the proper level of insulation of the house.

The warm floor is installed using:

• water circuit;
• electric circuit.

With a water type, heating occurs by the coolant, which circulates through the tubes. The device of the electric floor provides for the gasket of cables separating heat.

Both types of system can be used for a skeleton house. There are only a few differences in the water floor in the frame house on pile Fundamit. At the stage of his construction, they diligently carry out junctions and try to insulate all cold areas to isolate the most.

Warm floor diagram

Factors that affect the selection of a warm floor for a skeleton house:

• house construction;
• climatic conditions of terrain where accommodation is located;
• geological characteristics of the site;
• calculated the calculation of thermal losses.

Water warm floor is more optimal for saving and reducing energy costs for heating at home. But the ego device requires several large cash costs than electric.

Water Pole System

Place water pipes under any kind of finishing flooring, be it tile, laminate, parquet board, linoleum, porcelain stonewares and others. Use warm floor mounting technology in homes built from any material: from wood, brick and cast concrete.

In addition to the described advantages, the warm floor in the frame house has its drawbacks. First of all, it is the high cost of components, as well as hydraulic calculations And limited selection of type screed.

Choosing a type of warm floor

The correct device of the warm sex system will save the cost of heating and create comfort and comfort in the house. This is perhaps the most proper option Premises heating devices, since the lower part of the room is heated.

After the solution to make a warm floor, you should choose its type: water or electric.

Electric warm floor

Different with quick installation and simplicity of connection. A significant disadvantage is the high energy industry, which makes the cost of heating the premises high.

Electric warm floor is installed under the surface of the floor free of furniture. Its installation under the sofa, cabinets and bed is not effective and the cable can overdo it from overheating. When calculating the power of the system, it is taken into account that one square meter The area is consumed 0.1 kW of energy. On heated room standard sizes (14-16 sq. M.) May be needed 1.5 kW of electricity.

Electric cable floor

Allocate two main types electrical system Warm floor:

• cable;
• film

The principle of heating is infrared and convection.

Installing such a system is carried out in the screed. From above, almost all types of floor covering are used. It may be ceramic tile, Linoleum, laminate. An undesirable coating is the natural parquet or cork floor. These materials can conquer, besides, the cork does not use heat very well.

Choosing a cable floor, its electromagnetic radiation should be taken into account. In residential premises, it is recommended to use a two-tier wire, the negative impact of which is less on the human body.

Film electric floor can be installed without a screed. It is dismissed directly under the flooring. This significantly speeds up the process of its installation and reduces labor costs.

The advantages of the electric heap system include the absence of a screed or a very thin layer, the speed of installation and instant warming up.

Installation of electric floor using cable

There are disadvantages. This is a high consumption of electricity and dependence on its constant availability. It is not recommended to install in rooms with high humidity.

Water warm floor

Operation of water warm floor is cheaper. Heating comes from the coolant, which is heated by gas or solid fuel boiler. The operation of the system is not as dependent on electricity, especially when using boilers on firewood or coal.

The standard water floor mounting provides its laying into a concrete screed, the size of which is 5-7 cm. It limited its device in frame houses, where it is technically difficult and inappropriate to fill the floor or overlap with cement-sandy solution. Therefore, a more innovative system was invented - a lightweight water floor, which is carried out without a screed.

It has several advantages:

• little weight construction, which allows the installation of a warm floor in a frame or wooden house
• the system is ready for use immediately after installation;
• smaller floor layer thickness;
• the ability to fulfill individual order.

There are two types of light warm floor:

• wood;
• polystyrene foam.

The cost of the wooden system is cheaper, but its installation is more time-consuming. Used to install on lags. The thickness of the structure is small and does not carry additional load on the design of the house. For greater efficiency, the Wooden Overlapping is additionally installed insulation with reflective foil.

Installation of beacons when installing water floor

To prevent direction warm air Down Used light system Warm floor with polystyrene foam. Aluminum plates are fixed on its soft layer, and from above the design is covered with a gypsum fiber moisture-resistant sheet.

To control the water floor system use bulky additional equipment that allows you to disconnect the system in each room separately.

Installation of different types of warm floor

Electric warm floor mounted in several ways:

• cable;
• heating mats;
• infrared mats and film.

Each of these methods has some differences. The warm floor with the use of cables can be placed inside the screed or put on the boardwalk. Infrared film It can be placed directly under the finish flooring.

The operation of the system is controlled by the thermostat. Therefore, installation work starts precisely from its installation on the wall. Fasten it on the wall, at a distance of 30 cm from the floor surface. The thermostat is placed in the hole on the wall surface and the channels for laying the cable are supplied to it.

If indoors where the cable floor is installed, increased humidity, the thermostat must be put into another room.

The surface on which the cable electric floor will be installed is covered with polyethylene film and thermal insulation material. Then stacked the reinforcing mesh to which the cable is fixed.

Cable floor installation circuit

The output of the heating cable is connected to the thermostat and check the system performance. Then the thin layer is poured the screed.

The electrical system of the warm floor in the frame house is installed on wooden lags. The layer of waterproofing and the heat-reflecting layer of the special foil is separated by them. On the lags, in places of laying the system make rugs, in which the cable is laid, any of the ways.

From above to protect the heat-mall system, we latter a plywood coating of plywood or chipboard, and then the finishing floor.

The water heating floor in any frame house is carried out in two ways. The first of them is a floating scroll device, the thickness of which should not exceed 5 cm. The structure of the house should withstand this load without problems.

Installation of sex "Snake"

Filling the floor begins with a device of a waterproofing layer. It is placed on the black base of the floor. For these purposes, polyethylene film is used. It is spread on the floor with nasup. To the wall and between the strips of the material are fixed with assembly scotch.

The film serves to eliminate the absorption of moisture from the solution with a rough base and interferes with its adhesion with concrete.

The next step is the thermal insulating layer. Any rolled insulation and heat-reflecting foil are used. On top of this layer, the reinforcing mesh spread and glue the damper tape on the wall.

Method of laying water pipes

With a large room area (more than 40 square meters. M.) It is divided into several independent partswhere the contours of the pipes are placed separately.

The pipes themselves are placed in two ways: snake or snail. In the conditions of a skeletal house, laying are made in increments of 10-15 centimeters.

Water contours are attached to the reinforcing grid with clamps so that they do not shift when pouring.

After complete installation of the system, it is carried out its tightness test. For this, the system is filled with water and leave for a day. At a constant level of pressure in the pipes begin to pour the screed.

For this, there are beacons for which it will be poured cement-sandy solution. Begin to pour the screed from the opposite wall from the door of the wall. When grasping the solution, the beacons are cleaned, and emptiness poured liquid cement mortar. Extra pieces of polyethylene film are cleaned.

The floating screed, the creation of which was described above, has no contact with a wooden floor, nor with the same walls of the house. Therefore, the tree will not be subject to expansion and sink processes, which can damage the frame house.

Installation of a wooden heat-mounted system

On the wood flooring The warm floor system is mounted as follows. Starting is laying a layer of plastic film on the base. The insulation is then spread - foil polystyrene foam.

Then from the boards make a frame for a water circuit. For this, the boards drink grooves for tubes. Stacking is carried out with a minimum step. From above the water floor system is covered metallic sheet For a more uniform distribution of emitted heat. The next layer is the sheets of plywood or chipboard, for which the finish flooring is placed. The system must be checked for tightness by crimping.

Device dry polystyrene screed under laminate

Above it was said that the standard screed is not quite suitable for a wooden house.

One of the innovative installation options for a warm floor under laminate in a frame house is the use of a dry polystyrene screed. It is carried out in several stages.

First, light polystyrene foam blocks are laid on the floor. They are connected to the locking mechanisms that are on each panel. In the room to 40 square meters. m. Installation is carried out in a few hours thanks lightweight and convenient dimensions of polystyrene foam blocks.

Use of polystyrene foam blocks

Then flexible tubes are installed on the prepared grooves. The scheme of their laying can be different: snake, spiral, snail and others. After final installation of pipes, their hydraulic tests are carried out. The purpose of this event is to identify leaks and other errors of the system.

At the next stage, special plates are laid on the surface of polystyrene foam blocks, which distribute heat and install waterproofing material.

The final stage consists in a laminate flooring on the dry tie.

Rules of operation of a warm floor

Warm floors, regardless of their species, are distinguished by low operational costs. They do not need special maintenance, and the service life itself is dozens of years.

"Pie" of a warm floor

In case of damage to the electrical elements of the system, they do not carry threats to human life, but their replacement is very troublesome business.

The water and electric heating floor system will be good for you to serve as some recommendations on proper installation and provision optimal conditions for work:

• First an important factor for optimal work Systems are the parameters of its power. A widespread error is the installation of cable warm floor into a screed with low or high performance. From the power depends the step of laying the cable. With its low value (up to 100 W per m cubic), it is 16 cm. In this case, the heating of the floor will occur unevenly linear stripes. If the power is higher than necessary (from 190 W per m cube), the laying step can be less than 6 cm. This will lead to overheating of the row of turns, and the system outlet.
• The warm floor is installed under the surface of the floor on which there will be no furniture, large appliances, plumbing. The absence of uniform heat transfer may lead to overheating of the joints of the system and its breakdown.
• For a warm floor system, it is necessary to use the finishing floor coating that is aligned with it. For example, carpet, laminate, linoleum, porcelain tiles and ceramic tiles. It is not desirable for a warm floor to install a material with low thermal conductivity. Heat, isolated by tubes or cable, will reflect that lead to overheating of the system.

Need to apply the thermostat in electric type Warm floor, not allowing its work under heavy load. Without this item, it is strictly forbidden to use the system. For reliable and durable work of the warm floor, it is recommended to take breaks in its work.

Correct flooring in a frame house

The frame house is built very quickly. This is a simple and reliable technology, so it is very popular now. But the flooring device in the frame house is somewhat different from that in the classic structure. It is started to do immediately after the fill of the foundation, but only then the walls and roof are erected.

Floor frame house with your own hands: what is needed for this

First of all, the project plan should be created before the construction of the construction, which will be built a house. When the project is ready, acquire required tools and materials. For the floor facilities will need the following:

• a hammer;
• plane;
• chisel;
• circular Saw;
• pencil;
• plumb;
• level;
• screwdriver;
• stairs;
• drill with drills;
• tassels.

It is important to make the floor durable, reliable and even, because it will hold the whole house, including walls and other details. Especially strong should be floors in a frame house on stilts, where the foundation is made in the form of metal pipesAnd the whole design keeps on them.

Before starting to build, you need to find out at what depth groundwater. This will solve how much layers are needed - one or two.

Pie design

First make a draft floor, which for a frame house is both overlapping. To the strapping of the foundation is fixing the beams of overlapping. At the same time, it is monitored that there is a layer of waterproofing between the foundation and wood so that the wood does not start decompose natural humidity. For this, the double layer of rubberoid or waterpore is placed.

Secondary beams or lags in a frame house are used to make the pitch of the main beams. But at the same time, the consumption of materials increases, the thickness of the overlapping increases, it is necessary to make more work.

If there are no secondary beams, the main maintenance can also be used as lags. Then the cake of the floor looks like this (bottom up):

• cranial bars with a sectional size of 50x50 mm fixing to carrier beams overlap;
• a layer of boards - firm;
• protective elements from wind and moisture;
• beams beams, between which insulated insulation;
• layer of vaporizolation;
• black flooring made of boards or thick chipboard.

What is a draft floor

This coating from the board, which is located in the interbelny space and provides a flat plane to install a pure floor covering. The draft of the draft floor involves the use of the insulation, which makes it possible to additionally warmly and soundly insulate the building from below. And only in the attic of Chernovy flooring makes the main thing, since there is no need to externally spend money on parquet, laminate or outdoor board.

When choosing a material for the roughing floor, only minor attention is paid to quality, so you can buy inexpensive wood varieties.

The draft floor almost does not experience the load. From above, it can be only a layer of insulation (it is very light), as well as facial coating. He himself, after the end of all installation work, will be completely hidden, so his appearance Also unimportant.

Overlapping of a frame house

The framework buildings use the wooden overlap between the floors from the beams, the height of which is 150-250 mm. The step between the beams is 60 cm. Thanks to the use of such floors, the load is distributed evenly. Thermal insulation of overlap is produced during the installation of roughing.

The overlap between the basement and the first floor is usually done exactly the same as the rest. For this, the draft floor is installed on the lags that are standing on the stands. This allows you to pass the weight of the entire design to the foundation. Thanks to this method spent less materials, requirements for wood are reduced, so this solution is used most often and is even considered to be classic.

The insulation layer is placed in the same way as bison flooring. Therefore, the principle of installing rough floors is the same for all levels.

Black floor and lagham overlap

From under the base, negative impact may be on the house due to the proximity to the soil, high humidity etc. Therefore, when the lower overlap in a frame house is close to the foundation or to the soil, the tree is isolated from concrete, brick or soil. This reduces the likelihood of condensate formation, as well as prevent wood decomposition.

Such materials that are used in the erection of the coating must also be treated. Waterproofing work Simple enough, they can be made independently. The waterproofing layer must be laid before installing the insulation to prevent its deprivation and destruction.

The use of bulk aggregates

Bulk insulation frame houses It is very popular, because with the help of various substances (slag, sawdust, perlite, ceramzite) you can fill out all the space between the beams. Such a flooring is able to withstand even increased load.

Usually, bulk fillers are used to fill the base overlap of the frame house when the draft floor is installed on the lags. It is enough to install the cranial bars of 50x50 mm, as well as an OSP 15-20 mm thick, and this design will be enough to withstand large clay or other thermal insulation materials.

This type of insulation is convenient because it is neatly distributed based on the reaches of the desired thickness. You can fall asleep it yourself, which allows you to significantly save at this stage.

It is better to use heavy filling materials only on social overlapso as not to load the building structure with additional weight.

Instead of clay, you can also apply EcoWhat. This insulation has organic origin, it is very light, so the frame does not overload. As for other fillers (sawdust, perlite), they are either very expensive and rarely applied or considered to be obsolete.

Piece and rolled insulation

TO this type Heaters include mineral wool and foam. They have an advantage in minimal volume weight. These materials need to be used quite enough to make the house warm (the average layer is 10-15 cm in thickness).

Therefore, such a insulation does not create a serious load on the fire frame. To install it, it is enough to use only thin boards or even chip plateswhich are installed on thin cranial bars with a size of 30x30 mm.

A polyurethane foam insulation can also be applied to the obtained floor covering. Although this option has many drawbacks (the need to attract outsiders and techniques, high cost of materials), this insulation is considered the best option for the insulation of roughing floor on the basement.

As soon as the foam finishes to form, a solid bulk coating is obtained, which has sufficient rigidity and the ability to protect the element of the structure from high humidity and other negative phenomena.

Scheme of the location of production in the foundation

To the lower overlap, made of wood and laid on ribbon foundation, It was durable, you need to perform a certain amount of blood production in the foundation. These are holes in the foundation to provide natural ventilation of space under the house.

How to make the floor do it yourself: step by step instructions

Even if you are not going to deal with the construction of yourself, examine the algorithm to competently control the performers.

Preparation for the creation of sex in a skeleton house

First check, even the foundation turned out. For this measure the height of different sites and make the diagonal check. If there is inaccuracies, they are eliminated. Next, around the perimeter of the building makes holes in the foundation and install the anchor bolts there to consolidate the ice.

Then conduct waterproofing the foundation, faulting with its appropriate solution or installing the waterproofing film.

Laying Lenhing

Lecks are boards or bars that are fixed with anchor bolts around the perimeter of the building. They must be smooth and fastened reliably and accurately. Requirements for litters such that they have a thickness of at least 50 mm and a width of at least 150 mm.

1. Put the boards directly on concrete plates And place where to cut the surplus.
2. Calculated in which places the best bolts
3. Holes harves down in concrete.
4. Place waterproofing
5. Install the boards and fix them with anchor bolts. After installation, check compliance with the horizontal plane. If it is not, you produce a job adjustment.

Floor supports and beams

The beams are the main support elements that hold the entire design of the fireside house overlap. They are necessarily processed by protective means.

Installation is performed as follows:

1. Place on the plan of the house where the supports will be exactly and what will their height be. Then the supports are installed and stretch the twine to track that everyone has the same height.
2. Cut according to the above-mentioned metering of the beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm and arrange it in the sections that are indicated in the plan. Under the timber laid waterproofing layer. Fixed supports with nails.
3. Begin to lay beams by the ends in his pocket. To install them in height use special liners. It happens that the blanks are obtained longer than the expected. Then the surplus is cut off. And with insufficient length, the beams are docked on the support.
4. Fix beams to liters with corrugated nails. If their height exceeds 1 m, it is necessary to use wooden covers.

Vent and lags

To perform the strapping use boards with a thickness of 50 mm. The width is determined depending on the thickness of the insulation and the expected load. Installation is done like this:

1. Putting the strapping on the sides of the house, installing the boards in parallel floor beams. Materials are installed on the end, aligning it at the outer edge of the layer, after which it is clogged with nails in a step of 20 cm.
2. We marked where lags will be. To do this, 40 cm are measured from the strapping board near the angle. The boards for lag are immediately put on the beams and put on the side, aligning on the markup.
3. If the length of the board is sufficient, on the opposite side they make such marking. Protecting lags and fix them to litters and strapping, as well as to beams, if they intersect them.
4. If the length is insufficient, the docking of the brass is made. The joke must be on the beam of overlapping.

Floor insulation

Best of all the floor in the skeleton insulates with the help of mineral wool. She has only one drawback - loss thermal insulation properties With wetting. Therefore, it is important to make high-quality hydro, wind-and steam protection.

If the density of the insulation is small, under the lags are installed with a bidder treated with bioprotective agents.

1. Across the lag begin to sew a vapor insulation film, allowing a small sagging. It is necessary that in the openings between the lags could fit the insulation. All joints are stuck with scotch, and the film itself is attached to the woods.
2. Between the lags laid the insulation so that there is no cracks. With a double layer of the insulation, it is necessary for it to be a mustache.
3. From above, the insulation is placed in a layer of waterproofing and also fastened to the stapler. It is needed to prevent the insulation blowning from the moisture that can come from the house.

Warm floor in a skeleton house

Planning a frame house, you need to immediately decide whether it will be a warm floor in it, and if so, where exactly (for example, in the bathroom, in the whole house, in the living room, etc.). After all heating equipment It is necessary to install in advance, at the floor installation phase.

There are many floor heating options, so you need to study them and determine what suit you.

To organize a warm floor system in water heating use plastic pipeswhich are carried out inside overlapping throughout the house and organize the system management center to adjust the operation of all elements.

With electrical heating, it is more efficient to use infrared warm floor. It consumes less electricity than cable, simpler installation and easy to maintain.

How to save on floors

In order not to spend a lot of money on the organization of overlapping in a frame house, one of the following methods can be used:

• the use of wood, which was already in operation;
• use door cloths instead of boards.

Not new boards are no worse than those acquired. Moreover, they are already dried, so their use is sometimes considered more profitable. At the same time, such a board is several times cheaper than new.

As for the door cauldons, it is also optimal option. They are smooth, durable and no worse than the draft board. From above, the clean floor will be installed (for example, a parquet board), so no one knows that you have a lot of door canvases below. But this will allow you to significantly save on the material without losing in quality.

Video: Nuances of insulation

Look at this video to deal in detail with the insulation of the floor in the frame house.

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Now many people seek to live in environmentally friendly homes. Increasingly, the tree is chosen as a material for construction. There is nothing surprising. It is easy to process, has a magnificent smell and looks quite impressive. One of the most important elements Frame home is the floor.

High-quality floor - the key to success

In addition to aesthetic attractiveness, the frame house must be comfortable and cozy. These indicators are difficult to achieve if it is cold in it. Some tenants are confident that if they insulated the walls, then on this, their mission is completed. It is a serious misconception. It is necessary to protect the design and below. Since the tree is natural materialwhich is subject to rotten processes, it is important to produce reliable waterproofing. We must not forget about the aesthetic appeal of the floor.

To achieve the following purposes, it is not enough to simply put the boards on the surface. Here you need a more advanced design.

Pole Pie

The floor should be: uniform, warm, presentable and reliable. The presence of listed qualities is able to guarantee the floor whose laying was made in several layers:

• Base.
• Paro- and thermal insulation.
• Rough floor.
• Finish coating.

This design resembles a puff pie. That is why she received such a sonorous name.

Installation of the floor

The floor is mounted on the beams of overlaps. It must be as strong as possible and extremely easy, so as not to create an additional load on the basis of the structure. Here, excellent allies will become an accurate calculation and a clear reconciliation of parameters.

Beams are attached to the foundation. The distance between them is usually about three meters. To create a double floor, in top of the lags, the thickness of which is 5 cm using step 70 cm.

Getting started to the device of roughing. Usually for this use the unedged board. The black flooring is covered with the heat and waterproofing layer, which again mounted bars. They act as the basis for the pic layer. Typically, the height of the bars does not exceed 3 cm, due to which, ensured natural circulation Air between layers. Now it is time to lay a piston (finish) coating. It is chosen on the basis of personal preferences.

Be sure to arrange insulation and gender. IN otherwiseOver time, mold and fungus may appear. For inter-storey floors, you can do without it. In this case important role It occupies sound insulation, and the responsibility for saving heat and protection against moisture is imposed on the first floor. For attic overlap You should also warm the floor. This will help level heat loss through the upper overlaps.

Choosing wood

No less important factor is right choice Woods. Consider the most common types:

• Pine. Used if the resin content in the board is low. Pine floor is able to give the residents a pleasant smell.
• Oak. It is considered very durable and durable material.
• Maple. It has increased resistance to moisture. Easily processed.
• Larch. Strength this material You can compare with oak. It has natural protection from insects.

It is necessary to treat the wood with antiseptic compositions that prevent the occurrence of rotary processes. Do not neglect the flame retardant, which significantly reduces the flammability of the boards.