Living in a tanned city, more and more of our fellow citizens begin to think about changing their place of residence to more environmentally friendly. For quite a long time, the owners of the country house can enjoy the silence and clean air.

However, such life provides a slightly different level of comfort than when living in an urban apartment. The most relevant problems of a separate residential structure should include insufficient gender temperature.

Today there are decisions to eliminate a similar drawback. We are talking about a water warm floor system, which is able to arrange with your own hands to any homeowner. It is possible to achieve the desired result if you have the necessary skills and experience.

Types of warm floor

To date, the owner of a country house has two ways to solve the problem of heating room: a water heating device and the use of electricity.

On electricity today work infrared film structures. But, given its high cost, such an option cannot be used to solve the problem of the heating of the house from the position of expediency.

For this reason, most owners country houses still stop the choice on water heating systems.

However, on the background of the water floor, electrical systems have an important dignity that concludes in the absence of difficulties When installing. Run styling electric cable Forces to any person. But it is not able to cope with the installation of pipes and connecting them to the heating boiler from the first time.

At the same time, it is necessary to remember that when used electrical systems Heating marked negative effect From the side of electromagnetic waves on the health of people living in a private structure.

Fundamental device of water warm floor in a private house

The action of the water floor system is based on the movement of heated water, which contained in pipesPassed under flooring. Emitted heat applies to the floor covering, and it already begins to heat the air indoors.

Pipeline installation requires compliance with a certain step. The choice of this parameter is carried out on the basis of heat-engineering calculations, when performing which a number of factors should be taken into account:

• thickness of the material of the walls;
• power used for boiler heating;
• the material from which pipes are made;
• type of outdoor base;
• the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, which is planned to damn;
• ceiling height;
• features of the climate of a specific territory.

Usually, when making a warm water floor installation in a private house, owners stop the choice on pipes from plastic or metalplasty.

The reason for this solution is the available price. There are also no difficulty complexity here, while they have a long service life, which can reach 50 years.

After laying pipes them connect to heating boiler. As well as ordinary water Other types of non-freezing fluids can distribute heat in pipes.

Preparatory work

Even before the start of laying a water warm floor in a private house, attention should be paid to the foundation that should be distinguished by strength and not to have irregularities.

To bring it to the required type spend preparatory activitieswhich are in the waterproofing device, laying insulation and creating a cement-sand tie.

It should also be taken care to be in the room installed windows and doorsWall plastered, as well as locations where the connection of the heating, sewer and water pipeline will be connected.

Preparation Plate of overlapping

Quite often a warm floor in a country house have to lay on iron concrete slab Overlapping. In such situations, the first thing must be placed pair-waterproofing layer.

When a waterproofing device can be used special compositionshaving a bitumen base or gallow the base with the help of materials such as ruberoid, glass cholester, fiberglass. To fix them, it is necessary to use compositions on a similar basis.

As for vaporizolation, then with this role will perfectly cope polyethylene film With a minimum thickness of 0.2 mm. The hydro and vaporizolation device is a mandatory requirement, the execution of which allows you to protect the insulation layer from moisture.

The risk of the appearance of the latter increases against the background of condensate formation, when the warm slab overlap contacts with cold earth.

In the device of film vapor barrier or waterproofing on the basis of hinting materials, the material is used in the form of strips, which should be placed on 10-15 cm. When working with the film it is necessary fix with scotch.

If you have to deal with the cauldresses of the waterproof waterproofing, then for fixation use bituminous compositions. Regardless of the type of insulation used, it must be placed on vertical surface Over the insulation layer and fixed to the walls.

Preparation of the soil base

Situations are common when the construction of private houses passes without using the overlap plate. This option is chosen in cases where the project is not provided by the basement.

Preparatory activities are reduced to the creation of the primary layer. on the basis of sand and rubble. And they are laid out in the form of individual layers on each other, withstanding the height of no more than 10 cm. Mandatory procedurewhich should be subjected to each layer is moisturizing and rambling.

Next, proceed to fill concrete mixture The area of \u200b\u200bthe room selected for laying a water warm floor. We can use the placement of the reinforcement grid, which will increase the reliability of the design. It should be ensured by the horizontal surface, applying a construction level for reconciliation.

When pouring concrete is necessary focus on the Light Reiki. Their use is not only in simplifying the respect of horizontal, but also in the performance of the role of temperature seams. Following the construction standards and rules, it is necessary to ensure that the drops horizontally not exceed 1 centimeter.

Floor insulation

With a warm water floor device in a country house with their own hands important role Thermal insulation is discharged. Its main task is to limit the access of heat emanating from hot water pipes into the lower part of the underground space, which can act as a soil or basement.

Effective system operation will be achieved only if the heat will only be directed upward into the residential premises.

Special attention should be paid right choice material For thermal insulation and its thickness. It will greatly affect the fact that it will be possible to reduce heating costs.

Rules for creating thermal insulation

When choosing the thickness of the insulation layer, the following parameters take into account:

1. Characteristics of the material of the walls.
2. Climatic conditions.
3. Level groundwater In the absence of slabs overlap.
4. The volume of the room where the installation of a warm floor is planned.

If we follow the standards, then the insulation layer, in which the screed, created above the ground base or a cold basement, will be built, should have a thickness of 50 mm. In case of laying on overlap plates, this parameter can be reduced.

In most cases, the role of the heat insulator performs polystyrene foamhaving a foil-based coating on one side. Working with this material is conjugate with some inconveniences, because for fixing pipes you have to use pride tools, say, clamps.

However, it is possible to get rid of such difficulties, if you buy more modern plates based on polystyrene foam, providing accelerated laying and more high level Mounting quality.

Due to the special performance, these plates provide a solid connectionWhat a large extent contributes to the use of locking devices. Therefore, if you use similar designs, the problem of creating a solid, durable and even base is quite simple.

The material used has high density characteristics and a vapor barrier layer presented with a rigid polystyrene-based film. In addition to this in the construction of plates special channels are providedintended for placing heating pipes.

Mounting technology of such plates in a country house does not require the use of roulette or other measuring instruments. From such necessity, the presence at the edges of the linear markup is eliminated.

Due to this, it appears in less time to perform installation work. This dignity is not the only one that is inherent in these plates, however, already taking into account this it can be understood that such a choice will not be erroneous.

It should be forced that the polystyrene foam plates are placed all over the entire floor area. With such an embodiment, installation can be guaranteed high level of strength concrete screed and reliability of the entire heating system.

Features of a warm floor

Despite the presence of certain knowledge regarding the installation of pipes in the apartment, it is best that qualified specialists perform this work. Only in this case can guarantee effective work Water warm floor systems.

During the laying of such heating systems, a number of rules must be observed:

• The frequency of pipe placement directly affects the level of heating the floor covering, which determines the temperature regime that will be maintained in rooms.
• When laying pipes near external walls, it is necessary to strive to place them as close as possible than in the middle of the room. It must be done, remembering that a certain amount of heat will go on their heating.
• When laying pipes in the loops, they must be placed in increments of 10-25 cm.
• Invalid is the laying of the elements of the heating system according to the scheme at which the joints of the ceiling slabs will be covered. If there is no possibility to place them on different plates, then it is necessary to first be put on the intersection of the plates of the steel casing, in which the pipes should be placed.
• Stairs, Tambura entrance doors and other premises that do not differ in great space, it is undesirable to dump with a warm floor.

Among all the available heating options today underground systems are most preferred, surpassing radiator and aircases in their characteristics. But it is necessary to remember that not all owners by force correctly perform a water warm flooring device with their own hands.

At the same time, many can cope with the preparation of the foundation. Neglect the execution of such a work should not be as it will help save a lot of money On the installation of the system of underground heating in the country house.

Make a water warm floor with your own hands in a private house under the power of anyone homemade Master. We will take patience, carefulness, purchase of materials and missing tools. As a result, you will receive a system that allows you to adjust the heating level throughout the floor. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of the water circuit, the policy of the material selection, installation scheme, laying and connecting.

Advantages and disadvantages of a warm floor

Filing towards the complexity of the installation, the masters agree that the water heated floors in a private house - one of the most effective systems Heating. In comparison with the radiator system, water floor in wooden house It can give substantial savings to heating costs due to uniformity of heating throughout the area. Additional advantages:

1. Low-temperature mode. This means that the air in the room will not be cut, it will not be stuffy.
2. No overheating of air mass.
3. Water heating of the floor meets the requirements of environmental safety, sanitary and hygienic standards.
4. There is no negative effect on a person, since most of the energy is transmitted by thermal radiation.
5. The device of water warm floors in a private house with ceilings height from 3r m gives savings up to 30%.
6. Mounting system hidden - it simplifies processes interior decoration premises.
7. Safety. Mounting the warm floor from heating in a private house, the user does not risk getting a closure in electrocups, as in the case of electric floors - the entire system consists of pipelines, conventional water is used as a coolant.

Water floor disadvantages:

1. Labor consideration. Presenting a system of several layers of material, the design requires careful preparation and compliance with the installation scheme.
2. The risk of leakage. To search for the leaking link will have to raise all the laying.
3. Unwanted weighting constructive features Buildings. The layer laying of materials increases the mass of overlaps by 10-15%, so the seating of a warm floor with their own hands on the 2nd and above floors, you need to calculate permissible load On the overlap.

It is extremely important, equipping the heating system by floor, perform high-quality insulation Buildings. In this case, making a water warm floor with your own hands, you will not have to complement the heating by convectors.

Design

Before drawing up the project, you need to make sure that nothing hurts the idea of \u200b\u200bthe idea. What to pay attention to:

1. The height of the room. The thickness of the entire system of warm floors in a private house from scratch is 10-12 cm.
2. Door outs. Raising the floor level, it is important to maintain the height of the opening. You will have to estimate the price of the door to order or the possibility of increasing the doorway in height.
3. Location / orientation of windows. If they go to the windy side, north / west, the system power should be increased.
4. Assess the carrying capacity of the ceiling beams. The weight of the entire system with a concrete tie significantly increases the load.

Refusing heating is not necessary, one can consider the option of the oscillation (dry) water floor. The system is pipelines with a carrier laid out on top of the board. In this case, you do not need to mount the screed, it is enough to install on top of the draft floor wooden framewhose height will be equal to the thickness of the insulation. To put or fall asleep insulation (sheets of minvati, ceramzite, sawdust), on top to lay the boards, in the seams between which and hide the pipes with the coolant. From above, the falsefield can be faced with finishing finish.

Schema Development

The scheme is developed taking into account the parameters of the room, the technical characteristics of equipment and materials. To make the calculation, indicators and data are defined:

• floor area;
• room height;
• wall material, overlap;
• type of thermal insulation;
• type of finishing flooring.

You also need to think about the desired T ° mode. For convenience of calculations, we present a table with indicators of the limit T ° mode for the premises miscellaneous destination:

After refinery, the scheme is drawn up in which the following data contains:

1. Installation points and heating radiators dimensions, if any.
2. The layout of the pipes with the size of the diameter and the length of the direct sections.
3. The distance between the elements, T ° media parameters in each pipe and the length of all circuits.
4. Power data for heating each individual room. The radiator power is calculated, taking into account the location and length of the pipeline, to it connected.

Also in the diagram you should specify the data on the configuration of the automation.

To install the floor of water has passed successfully, making up a scheme, listen to the advice of professionals: the pipe diameter affects the maximum length of the calculation. For pipes 16 mm - up to 100 m, for pipes in 20 mm - no more than 120 m. The parameters are needed to ensure optimal pressure inside the warm floor system. If the scheme of mounting a warm floor of water is provided by several contours, it is easier to make them the same length with a maximum difference of 15 m. Pipe laying step should not be more than 30 cm in the center and 15 cm around the edges. In regions with severe winters, it is recommended a pitch of 10 cm. The location step affects the pipe costs. Calculation is done like this: with a step at 10 cm, 10 m pipes are required on m² of room area, with a step 15 cm consumption will be 6.7 m / m². When laying the circuit in the diagram it is necessary to bypass the zones of the installation of sanitary devices and heavy furniture. One outline overlaps the room not more than 40 m², the maximum length of the side of the circuit is up to 8 m. Thus, in the field of flooring in a private house, it is important to consider:

• limits of the page layout of the pipeline;
• limits and magnitude of the contour;
• heat insulation material in step decreased zones.

The step is always reduced in the opening area, and in the calculation scheme it is necessary to take into account necessarily.

Calculation

Standard formula for calculating the length of the contour: Active heating area (sq. M.) It is divided into the calculation step (m) plus the distance to the collector and the length of the bends. To get more accurate calculations, it is better to contact the specialists, but it requires investing money, so we make a water warm floor in the house in gradually do it yourself.

Tip: "To adjust the degree of heating of the coolant, thermostats are mounted. Maximum gradation on devices 55 °.

Detailed calculation scheme:

1. An indentation of walls from 30 cm.
2. The determination of the number of contours is calculated along the length of the pipe on the contour. When dividing the area of \u200b\u200bthe room to the display step, add 10% for turns. Formula: L \u003d S / N * 1.1. Designation L - the length of the pipe, S is the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, N is the display step. Thus, on an area of \u200b\u200b40 m² when laying up a pipe with a step of 15 cm, the desired definition of the length of the length of all circuits is 266 m.
3. When calculating the length of the contour to the collector (one end - to the feed device, the second - to the opposite), multiply the final figure by 2, and the desired length of the pipe from the point of connection to the collector.
4. Pipeline material: For a polyethylene diameter of 18 mm length up to 120 m, metal-plastic - no more than 125 m. The wizards do not recommend making contours of more than 90 m to provide the optimal resistance of the hydraulics and the load on the coolant.
5. In a step of 30 cm, a pipe is required 3.4 m / m²; step in 25 cm - 3 m / m²; 20 cm - 5 m / m²; 15 cm - 6.7 m / m²; 10 cm - 10 m / m².
6. If the area is from 40 m², the laying scheme is such: 3 contour of 100 m long, it is easier to provide the same warming over the entire area.

Tip: "The contour length is counted from the point of exit from the collector, and not in the area of \u200b\u200bthe entrance to the room where the system is mounted."

And now about how to calculate possible heat loss. The formula is complex and requires measurements of heat transfer of all nodes and house designs, the average precipitation, T °, \u200b\u200bair directions and other things. There are averages for which the owner of the house can navigate:

1. In well-insulated structures with installed hermetic glass stacks of heat loss are 40 W / m².
2. In unstary houses with an average service life of the thermal insulation of walls, windows, the door is 70-80 W / m².
3. In the buildings of the old type with windows made of wood, without insulation of heat loss, 100 W / m² and more are reached.

Tip: "If heat losses The buildings are greater than 100 W / m², the installation of water warm floor becomes inappropriate. "

Selection of components

For the manufacture of a warm flooring system in their own house, you will need the next set of materials: a boiler. As a rule, make water floors from gas boiler. It is profitable economically and easier by technology. The gas boiler power indicator should exceed the sum of all the power of the floor system by 15-20%. Another option is the electric water floors. Convenient for laying, but unprofitable due to the high cost of electricity. Circulation pump. The device will provide the normal movement of the carrier by pipes. There is already a pump in the boiler, but it copes with the load if the area of \u200b\u200bthe house does not exceed 100 m². Pipes. The choice is:

• copper - durable long time operation, but high cost;
• metal plastic - durable, bent, inexpensive and weigh little;
• polypropylene - low price, high limited heating, but high risk to buy fake;
• PEX - stitched polyethylene tube - reliable option if the mount is rigid, and the step is minimal.

The calculated cross section of pipes for dry water warm floors is considered to be the size of up to 20 mm. The expenditure rate of 1 m² (step in 200 mm) is approximately 5-6 m. The insulation. Here is the choice of this:

• foil polyethylene is suitable for minimum thickness floor;
• polystyrene foam in finished mats with protrusions for laying up pipes in 50 * 50 mm increments;
• mineral wool is cheap, but impractically due to the ability to absorb moisture from the solution.

Tip: "The layer of thermal insulation over basement The private house is always thicker. It all depends on the carrier required T °: the indicator above, the greater the insulation layer. "

Heat consumption counter. The device is needed for apartment buildings where the warm water floor is laid. Cabinet. It is necessary for mounting the elements of regulating and docking the contours of the pipe with the highway of heat supply. Reinforcing grid. The element helps to increase the concrete screed after the pipes are laid, but it is possible to use reinforcement. Also required components for arranging a screed:

• screed solution (cement, sand, water);
• 10-15 cm width damper;
• fasteners for fixing the pipe.

The number of elements will prompt the pre-compiled scheme of warm water floors from the gas boiler. If the planning works are fulfilled correctly, there will be no errors. But the diagram itself should be saved so that in the event of a leakage to quickly remember all points of installation, fasteners.

Technology performing work

To make water floor, installation technology provides a phased algorithm for work:

• collector installation;
• the preparation of the floor with the layout of the damper tape, insulation;
• output contour;
• connection with tightness testing;
• crimping;
• tie

After finishing preparatory stages The system starts to work, then disconnected and one can complete the arrangement of the edge finish.

Installation and installation of collector cabinet

By installing the water heating floor, it is extremely important not to skip the stages of work. Step-by-step instruction In warm floors, it implies a detailed consideration of technology, difficulties will not even have a novice master. The collector wardrobe - the device where there is:

• collector;
• pump;
• air vent valve;
• drain removal.

The dimensional parameters of the device depends on the general configuration. When choosing the unit, you must calculate the installation zone - it must be equal to all contours. There is no possibility to fulfill the condition, put the collector next to the longest pipeline.

Important! When installing the warm floors in the collector installation zone, it is necessary to provide a zone for the trigger bend. Pipes are placed only from below to ensure the normal movement of the coolant. Install a stop valve between the circuit system and the collector is necessary for preventive service and repair construction.

Preparation of base and laying insulation

To make heating under the floor in a private house, you need to spend preparatory work based:

• clean the base from garbage;
• remove the height differences, the equalizer plane as possible;
• lay the selected thermal insulation material;
• waterproofing is laid on the heat insulation (dense film);
• along the walls damper tape, which will eliminate the effect of thermal expansion of a concrete screed.

Equal thickness of warm floors is necessary for high-quality warming up the entire surface, therefore, the better the plane is aligned, the evenly layer the screed layer.

Contour device in different ways

Thinking on how to make a water warm floor, you will have to take into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. From this depends on the location of the pipes:

1. Snail. The contour of warm floors is laid out from the heating boiler of a private house around the perimeter of the room, going to the center with layout through a row. Such a scheme provides a quick refund of the coolant and increases the uniformity of the heating area. Masters prefer "Snail" in rooms with complex formWhere it is necessary to shift the center of the pipe and indoors from 40 m².
2. Snake or loop. Such laying of pipes for warm water floor is performed from the collector along the outer wall (one), then the waves with refund. Good layout for rooms of a small area.
3. Mandrel or double snake. The combined calculation scheme implies parallel location of the contours. This option organizes the movement of the coolant with different T °, \u200b\u200bcompensating for the return of heat.

Important! Laying pipes of water warm floor always starts from the external or cold wall of the room.

To facilitate the task of calculating the newcomer, you should draw marking on the floor. Installation of a system of unreliable compounds or pipe segments is not allowed - this design will not stand the long heating season.

How to make a warm floor:

1. The floor mounting begins with connecting to the feed collector. From the wall you can retreat only 7 cm, but it is necessary to take into account the small layout step at the outer walls. This is required to reduce heat loss.
2. As soon as the pipe is laid throughout the contour, it must be fixed by the clamp. Dowels are suitable if they are tied to the pipes with wire. Another option is to put on the floor reinforcement grid, tieting the contour from the pipe to it; This levels the expansion of materials when serving heat.

Tip: "Ribrant polystyrene substrate, laid down under the contours of the system, will increase the thermal insulation indicators and will help mount the warm floor with their own hands, with the preservation of the desired step."

Connecting collector

It is simple: the free end of the pipe that remains after the output of the contour connects to the return collector. In order not to make a mistake, you should first read the instructions for the aggregate.

Pressing

This is the name of the hydraulic test process required to verify the quality of the calculation. If we make a warm floor in a private house, the crimping will help you adjust the order of laying and other nuances. Pressing is the launch of the coolant to the system under the highest pressure. The pressure level must exceed the calculated minimum of 1.5 - 2 times (from 0.6 MPa). What to watch with crimping:

1. Half an hour after launch reduction permissible pressure Perhaps 10%, no more.
2. The second half hour - the indicator should not decline more than 2-15% of the initial designation.
3. T ° media must remain unchanged.

Total check time - day. It is better to give the stage to 2 days to make sure that step-by-step mounting Water warm sex is done correctly, the floors are evenly warmed up and there are no leaks, breathed fasteners and other defects.

Screed

Instructions for the installation of warm water floor implies a screed from cement-sand mixturewhich is well conducted warm or classic concrete. For the manufacture of concrete, cement brands from M300, water, sand and 3-5% plasticizer are taken.

The thickness of the screed is 3-7 mm. You need to pour the finished solution to the contours filled with the coolant. In this case, the system operates in the mode specified during crimping. Concrete drying time up to 28-30 days, the period for the finished mixture you need to look at the package.

Tip: "If you need to make flooded floors in a private house with an area of \u200b\u200b40 m², you must necessarily provide compensation seams."

First start

The procedure is carried out only after dried and scored the strength of the screed. Now you can turn on the collector and drive the heat carrier on the heating pipes of warm water floors. At first, the t ° is + 25 ° C, then increases 10 ° C every day. The desired parameter Warming up with a gradual increase in T ° system dials in 2 days.

Finishing

Knowing how to make warm floors yourself, will not work to decorate them. Warm floor stacked under laminate, carpet, array of wood, under the tile - in a private house last option the most comfortable. But if the installation scheme remains the same under the tile, then the laying requires a special approach to laminate:

1. Laminate must be high quality. The material during heating allocates volatile substances, the fake will be inappropriate. It is better to watch the label "Warmwasser" - this is a decor for floors with a water warm floor.
2. Under the laminate does not fit insulating and hydro insulating materials.
3. To ensure ventilation, on the perimeter of the laminate layout, a compensation gap of the width to 15 mm is left. Then the gap is overlapped with floor plinth.
4. Before laying the dice, you need to decompose the laminate on the floor, leaving the water contour warm. It is necessary for a set of T ° - the lamellaughters warm and easier to lay them.

Despite the lack of difficulties, the masters infrequently make water warm floors under the laminate. Lowhells are characterized by low thermal conductivity, in the tile it is higher, moreover, any dies are made using chemicals. In this case, the tile is much more practical.

Operating Rules

Knowing how professionally make a water warm floor in the house, it will be useful to follow the rules for use. Requirements are simple and available:

1. Warm floors in a private house, the wiring of which is made in compliance with technology, always type t ° gradually. Running outline at the maximum mark after a long downtime, the owner will receive a reduction in service life.
2. The increase in T ° mode must be gradual, not more than 4-5⁰s per day.
3. The indicator of the T ° of the incoming coolant is not higher than 45 ° C.
4. Frequent launches and disabling the system are fraught with rapid wear, but not reduced costs.

To enjoy heating with pleasure and without health damage, it is recommended to support optimal mode humidity.

There are no special difficulties in the design. And knowing how to make a warm floor in a private house, the owner will be able to install and on the street, for example, on the entrance area, stairs, car parking.

Installation of warm floors is provided heating system do it yourself. Self installs such types of warm floors: infrared, electric, water and film. Water types of warm floors are considered the cheapest and practical. They spend the least of all resources, however, with installation will have to tinker.

Constructive features and organizational moments

Water warm floor is a system of polypropylene, plastic, copper or metal pipes. The coolant is a liquid that moves along the circuit of the pipeline. The temperature of the liquid, and, consequently, at home, is controlled by a thermostat - a heat-sensitive sensor that is installed at a distance of 80-120 cm above the floor. Note, the thermostat can be located in any of the heated rooms or on the street.

Second distinctive feature Water heating is its economy. However, this system has the opposite direction - complicated scheme Installation: Under water warm floor, you need to properly prepare a screed, purchase heat-insulator, connect pipes to the boiler and organize the safety of your home. In addition, the water floor requires the connection of the adjusting fittings and the distribution collectors cabinet. The closet contains feed and reverse pipelines connected to the collector.

Methods of installation

How to make a warm floor in a private house? There are two installation methods - the flooring method and installation on concrete surface. The first installation method is used exclusively for such types of floor covering: laminate, linoleum and carpet. The second method of the water floor is set for such materials that are put on the concrete screed.

Installation of warm floors in a private house

Installation of warm water floors on a concrete tie is the most popular way to install high-tech heating. This installation scheme has gained high popularity due to high water floors and economy performance.

Step-by-step instruction:

When laying the floor with your own hands, we recommend to adhere to the sequence described above. Go to the most complex stage - to compile the layout of the pipeline and their installation. There are several ways to lay water supply: single and double snake and spiral. Snake schemes are advised to be used for square or rectangular premises, and the second option is for rooms with irregular geometry.

Heating elements of heating are attached to the reinforcement grid on the clamps in 0.5 meters increments. In places potentially high pressure and voltage pipeline strengthened corrugated pipes. The length of the pipes when laying the outer walls should not exceed 85-95 meters, otherwise the heating system will lose too much heat as a result of the pressure drop at the end of the circuit. On average, 1 m² there are 5 pipe meters of pipes, provided that the step of 200 mm is observed.

Installation of water warm floor with their own hands

Pressing is the final stage on which the pipeline is inspected for integrity. Recommended pressure pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa. Concrete screed is better to fill after checking the pipeline. The layer thickness should not exceed 45-75 mm. Specialists advise the use of sandbetone M300, or a special material for warm floors.

Flooring It is placed only after full of scrolls. Subject to observance temperature mode And the regular ventilation of the room is dried about 20 days. On the warm floor, built with their own hands, can be placed ceramic tiles, linoleum, laminate or carpet.

Installation of the polystyrene heating system

Included with polystyrene plates all sold necessary materials For mounting. The assembly scheme is quite simple: the polystyrene plate has special plates with grooves in which the pipes for water floors are easily snapped. After snapping, the floor can be overlapped by any coating that does not require a special base, for example, a concrete screed.

If you do not imagine the interior without ceramic tiles or linoleum, then in this case we recommend that you install a layer of GVL over polystyrene plates ( hypus fiber leaf 10-15 mm thick). Hypus fiber is a very strong and lightweight material, so it can be safely putting a tile with your own hands without fear of damaging the heating system.

The modular scheme implies the use of already ready-made chopping plates with special channels under the pipeline. Pipes for heating are installed in the grooves. Then put on heat insulating layer. The whole design is covered with hvl plates. A suitable type of flooring - for example, linoleum;

Video: Warm floor on a wooden base

The warm floor for a private house, in contrast to the radiator system, more economical and more practical. Outdoor heating creates excellent air convection in the house. There are many subtleties that should be considered in the manufacture of warm floors in a private house. It is not easy to put pipes in concrete or lay electric mats. It is important to produce loyal calculations, especially if you plan to use them as the main source of heat. This article will discuss issues relating to how to make a warm floor in a private house.

Warm floor in a private house - is it necessary?

The system of outdoor heating is expensive, but it is worth it. How is the cost formed? Many factors affect the pricing. For example, what a layer of thermal insulation must be laid, what will be the thickness of the heating cake, how will the floor and more control will be adjusted. Is it worth spending time, means and strength to create such a complex heating system? As practice shows, warm floors in a private house - this is a reliable design that works properly and provides a stable temperature.

Note! In order to save, some decide to make a mixed heating system. In this case, the main source of heat will be the radiator system, and the warm floor as additional element. For example, the warm floors are equipped with rooms where it is stacked ceramic tile or porcelain stoneware.

Outdoor heating in a private house has a number of positive sides that can not be overlooked. If you are still in doubt the correctness of your decision, then the following factors dispel all doubts:

• Due to the uniform distribution of thermal energy, elevated thermal comfort is created. So, the floors are pleasant to the touch, thanks to which you will never freeze in your feet.
• Significant reduction in the energy consumption for heating at home.
• Due to the low temperature of the coolant ensured maximum efficiency Work thermal pump and a condensation boiler.
• Do not spoil appearance Premises, as the warm floor system is hidden from the eyes.
• There are no temperature fluctuations in the room.
• Due to the high thermal inertia in the room there are no sharp temperatures.

For the sake of objectivity, some disadvantages of warm-alone arrangement should be allocated:

• If incorrect installation, then in the event of a malfunction, there will be a lot of effort and means to eliminate them.
• Not every finishing material You can combine with warm floors. If the warm floors climb the furniture, the heat return will decrease.
• It is important to equip the system circulating pump and thermostat. If you allow the system overheating, it can lead to poor consequences.
• If a concrete warm floor is equipped, then an additional load on the overlap of the house turns out.
• In contrast to the radiator system, the warm floor has a greater cost.

Considering all this, you have to admit that with all the disadvantages, warm floors in a private house are great idea. Now we will look at some nuances that should be taken into account when organizing outdoor heating.

Calculation of heat transfer and heat loss

The values \u200b\u200bof thermal return and heat loss will allow you to understand whether it is possible to use warm floors as the main heating in a private house. So, if you determine that there are large thermal losses in the house, then the warm floor will not be able to be basic, but only additional heating.

For example, take a house with an area of \u200b\u200b100 m 2, in which heat loss will be 75 W / m 2. At the same time, the area of \u200b\u200bheated floor is 70%, that is, 70 m 2. On average power outdoor heating is 90 W / m 2. Multiplying the two indicators of 90 W / m 2 to 70 m 2, we obtain an indicator on the heat transfer of the floor with a capacity of 6300 W. To determine the heat loss, the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe floor, in our case, 100 m 2, multiply by 75 W / m 2. As a result, we get 7500 W. With this calculation, it can be seen that heat loss is greater than the heat transfer. Therefore, the warm floors can not be the main. In this example, you can easily determine the task for the outdoor heating created.

Permissible power of warm floors

If your house has a large heat loss, then heating power in 80 W / m 2 may not be enough, especially if large windows are in the house. But problems may even occur in small premisesFor example, in a bathroom or toilet. So, by installing a shower, toilet, washing machine And other objects heated area decreases significantly. As a consequence of power in 80 W / m 2, it will be clearly lacking. This also applies to bedrooms. Large floor area will close cabinets, bed and the like. The efficiency of the operation of outdoor heating is automatically reduced.

Note! If the warm floor is to give out the power of 800 W per 10 m 2, then it is necessary to take into account that the same power can produce radiators 50 × 50 × 15. This is explained by the fact that the coolant for the radiator has a temperature to 80 ° C.

Considering these factors, we conclude that it is necessary to create warm floors as the main heating, it is necessary precisely calculating the power of heating contours. And in some cases it will be necessary to install additionally heating radiators or a heated towel rail (for the bathroom).

Private house can be equipped with warm floors of two types:

1. Water.
2. Electric.

As for country houses, electrical heating is extremely rarely used. There are weighty reasons for this, for example, high electricity consumption. For the most part, warm electric floors are stacked in apartments as an additional heat source. In this case, they have much more advantages, since their installation does not occupy a lot of time and strength, and for heating the apartment does not require high power.

It is much more complicated in the installation of water floors, but for a private house they are more efficient. At the same time, the house should be inspired, pour the screed and connect the collector. Water system Heating is designed for prolonged use. For proper montage, as well as subsequent maintenance, it can serve up to 30 years. Among other things, water heating has a low level of inertia. If the floor is sufficient, then it will be well to hold warm. As a result of a constant feeding with a hot heat carrier, no need.

Note! The installation of warm water floors is recommended on the area not more than 15 m 2. At the same time, it is necessary to make a project on which the placement of furniture and other items will be indicated.

With the right organization of warm water floor, you can completely abandon the radiators that are often prevented by the design ideas. For example, you can install, the so-called "French windows" (from the floor to the ceiling). Plus, you can save on the heating of the premises. If you currently do not use one of the rooms, you can turn off one contour on the collector. Accordingly, this will be displayed on common coolant costs.

As for the warm-alone device in a private house, there are three methods of their laying:

1. On the wooden floor.
2. On a concrete tie.
3. On the ground.

In most cases, the technology of laying on a concrete screed is used. Wooden, who squeezed his own, the floor is torn and poured the screed. At the same time the rough screed is poured. The contours of the pipe are stacked on top, and after the finish screed is poured and the flooring is placed.

Note! Laying the heating pipes in the screed will require greater power of the heating system, because it will have to warm up the "pie" of heating and plus the floor covering. These nuances are taken into account when creating a heating project.

There is another common technology for the manufacture of warm floor - to the ground. To implement it, it is required to remove the top layer of the soil. Further, a sand pillow is made, 10 cm thick and rubble up to 10 cm of small fraction. It is also necessary to lay a waterproofing layer. This uses a runneroid or a special membrane. A draft screed is poured on top of it, the insulation with the heat-reflecting surface and the pipe is placed.

Note! If there is a pipe in your home at your home, the installation of warm water floors is greatly simplified. You will need to align the surface of the floor, level cracks and make the heating contours.

All work can be performed with your own hands. To do this, it should be carefully learned by the instructions:

• As mentioned above, a runneroid can be used for the waterproofing layer. On the surface of the base roll over the rubberoid or other insulating materials. Each joint is important to glue well. Therefore, the rubberoid sheets are laid by 10 cm. Bonding can be carried out using special adhesive, resin, high temperatures etc.
• In order to bottom the cold did not enter the room, the next layer is manufactured - thermal insulation. For this purpose, you can use high density foam. As a result, heat from the pipe will not go down, and the cold from the ground will not rise up. In most cases, 5 cm layer of thermal insulation is sufficient.
• At the next stage, vaporizolation is made. It is important because otherwise Condensate will appear on top of the insulation. For the manufacture of vapor barrier, a durable polyethylene film is used. Located as well as Ruberoid is carried out by 10 cm, after which the film glues with scotch.

Note! In a layer of thermal insulation, several factors affect, for example, the thermal insulation coefficient, the power of the heating system, the location of the house and so on.

When all these preparatory work is completed, it's time to get to the manufacture of a rough screed. To do this, put the reinforcement grid. Usually the grid with cells 150 × 150 mm. Under the grid it is necessary to put a reflective film that will direct the flow of thermal energy upwards. On the grid you can lay out the contours of heating pipes. It should be noted that with the arrangement of water underfloor heating in a private house it is important to highlight the place to install the collector. Through it, control of the temperature in the room will be monitored.

If necessary, you can create 2, 3, and then 5 heating circuits. In the collector, each contour can be signed, for the convenience of controlling warm floors. The fastening of pipes is carried out directly to the metal grid, special clamps. In conclusion, the finish screed is poured. It is necessary to add a plasticizer that will not allow cracking of the screed when it is heated. Also around the perimeter of the room, a damper tape is placed on the wall, which will serve to compensate for thermal expansion.

Note! You can perform the pouring of the screed only when the system filled with water. Water should be in the pipes until the screed is completely dry. Include heating in this process is impossible.

At the end, you will remain to lay the finishing floor covering, for example, tile, parquet board, laminate, and the like.

Nuances who can not forget

When arranging warm water floors in a private house it is important to pay special attention trifles. Non-compliance simple rules May reduce all your efforts on no. Below are the advice and recommendations, the observance of which will help perform all the work as much as possible:

• Using damper tape mandatory requirement. Due to this, the heating cake will be able to expand when the temperature changes. This extension will fully compensate for the damper tape, which is glued to the wall throughout the floor area.
• Important conditions - the arrangement of a comb or manifold. On this device it is unacceptable to save. This is the place of management of your warm floors. It is supplied to the pipeline with a hot heat carrier from the boiler. Also, it is distributed to the heat carrier for heating circuits. Due to the mixing site, a clear balance of temperature regime is performed. As a result, the created system works with high efficiency.
• The thickness of the pistoling tie on top of the pipes should not exceed 6 cm. In order for the solution to be elastic, a plasticizer is added to it, which will increase the resistance to temperature drops.
• To prevent the cutting of the screed, in the process of drying from above can be displayed polyethylene film. If there is no such possibility, moisturize the screed regularly.

So, we looked at one of possible technologies Warm floor arrangement. For example, if you want to save a wooden floor, then it is also possible to lay the heating pipes. For this there is its own technology that is used not so often. We hope that the article provided will help you make all the work with your own hands so that in the cold period of time in the room there was a comfortable temperature. In addition to this, we offer you a video on this topic, as well as schemes from which you can learn about other sides of the design of warm floors in a private house. if you have personal experience For the manufacture of such a system, then be sure to write reviews at the end of the article.

Video

From the provided video material you can learn more about the intricacies of the creation of a warm floor in a private house:

Schemes

The following is a number of schemes from which you can learn some subtleties of the manufacture of warm water floors in a private house:

The issue of the organization of heating is the most important for all countries building. Of course, if you exclude the inhabitants of the tropics, where the problem is diametrically opposed. According to estimates, the water floor can save up to 20% of heating costs. But only if everything is done correctly!

How to start the process of a warm floor device?

Of course, with the calculations! And very detailed - the wrong choice of laying step or the pipe diameter will lead to the ever-cold rooms or heat strips on the floor. And considering that the system is literally "prompted", the cost of alteration will exceed the device of a new warm floor.

How to calculate the warm floor?

Manually do this is quite difficult, so it is better to use one of the special programs, such as Valtec. This is a multifunctional program designed to calculate heating, water supply and hydraulics.

• accurate indoor data - floor area and walls, size of door and window openings;
• materials of walls, floor and even ceiling;
• the location of furniture that will not move - wardrobes, kitchen headsets, shower cabins, etc.;
• the desired temperature in the premises;
• the presence and thickness of the carpet coating.

The advantage of using programs is the simplicity of calculations. Just entering the necessary information into the appropriate cells, you can get a calculation at the output:

• heat loss in each room;
• heat load - thermal inflow, which will give a warm floor in each room;
• hydraulic resistance of the entire system in a private house;
• the number of all materials required for warm sex.

What do you need to know to organize a warm floor?

Before entering the purchase of materials, you need to take into account all the nuances. First, it is the diameter of the pipes. No need to take too large, 16 mm will be enough. The pipe of this diameter allows you to take a step into a minimum 10 cm without a break bend when laying a snake. But the maximum length of the pipe cannot exceed 90 m.

Secondly, it is a step of laying pipes - ideally it should be within 10-20 cm, and be sure to be multiple 5. Near the outdoor walls and windows, the step is less, and near the internal - more.

Under heavy furniture, tightly adjacent to the floor and installed inland walls, You can start laying the loop at a distance of 1 m from the walls. Also do not lay pipes under outdoor toilet - When drilling holes under the fasteners, you can damage the floor system.

Thirdly, this is the length of the pipes. It should be the same for all contours connected to one collector. Of course, in practice it is impossible to achieve this, so you need to reduce the difference with a maximum of up to 10 m. So, in large rooms you will have to lay two contours, in small - reduce laying step. It is not recommended to connect to one collector more than 9 contours of 90 m long - it is better to split them into two devices.

From it can not move pipe up, so on the second floor there will have to put another collector. If the collector is on outdoor wallThe exhaust pipes are necessarily insulating.

Laying of a warm floor in a concrete tie

1. The collector cabinet and the collector itself, to which the pipes will be joined. If necessary, the holes for the withdrawal of pipes are drilled.
2. On the entire perimeter, as well as between the contours, if they are within the same room, the damper tape is glued to the walls. It compensates for the thermal expansion of the floor and serves as insulation of a cold wall. The width must be 15 cm or more - depending on the thickness of the "cake" of a warm floor.



3. On the concrete base The insulation is stacked. For the first or ground floor Without heated basement, it should be thick from 5 cm, on the other floors - from 3 cm. Warm the concrete slab is necessary in order to reduce heat consumption for the heating of this slab. All the same warm air climbs up and warm the lower rooms will not heat the ceiling.



4. Waterproofing is laid on the insulation and the reinforcement grid is stacked.
5. Now you can start laying pipes - from external Wall To the inner, if the method of "snake" is selected, or from walls to the center, if the pipes are put "snail".
6. The coils can be fixed or special fasteners, or ordinary plastic construction tie to fittings. In the latter case, it cannot be tightened tight!



7. After connecting all the contours, a trial launch of the heating system is made - it should be done at maximum pressure and operating temperature 24 hours.
8. If there are no leaks and other faults, the screed is poured. Under the tile it can be thicker - up to 5 cm, and under the laminate, poorly accumulating and conductive heat, it is not necessary to make it more than 2 cm. In this case, the screed is reinforced by the second layer of grid laid on top of the pipes.



9. It is important not to forget to water the concrete daily, because it is gaining hardness when contacting water. Floor coating stealth after 28 days, after full of screed.

If the house is wooden or frame, and the bearing overlaps are not designed for the weight of a concrete screed, you can arrange a flooring floor. His advantage is the lack of a "wet" process, so immediately after installing the system, you can enjoy warmth in the house.

Another undoubted plus of this solution is a small cake thickness and the possibility of laying on the old wooden floor. About how easy it is to do, intelligibly shown on the video: