When planning the construction of a country house, along with drawing up a project of the building itself, it is necessary to design engineering systems, including drainage and wastewater treatment systems. To do this, you need to find out what types of septic tanks are used today so that you can choose the most suitable option.

Previously, installation of an outdoor shower and a "birdhouse" toilet was considered the pinnacle of gardening. Nowadays, more and more owners prefer to equip their homes with a full set of plumbing fixtures.

And in this case, it is necessary to build a local drainage system. For the disposal of private household wastewater, a septic tank is usually used. Consider what types of this equipment exist and what features they have.

Classification

Septic tanks that can be included in local sewage systems can be classified according to several criteria:

• by the cleaning method;
• by body material;
• by installation method.

Varieties according to the principle of work

For private households, the following types of septic tanks can be used:

• storage tanks;
• sedimentation tanks with soil filtration;
• installations with forced aeration, providing deep biological treatment.

Consider the features of each option

Storage tanks

This is the simplest type of equipment; it is a volumetric sealed tank used for collecting and storing wastewater. It works on the same principle as the cesspool, the difference is the environmental safety of the drive. After all, the drive, unlike cesspools, excludes the ingress of contaminated liquid into the ground.

As the storage tank fills, it will need to be cleaned. This work is carried out using sewage trucks. By means of a pump, the contents of the container are pumped out into a tank installed on a car and transported for disposal in accordance with the established procedure.

This option for organizing wastewater disposal can be recommended for summer cottages, provided that the volume of wastewater is small. Otherwise, the drive will need to be cleaned frequently, and this will incur additional costs.

Sedimentation tanks

This option is universal, it is recommended for a small summer cottage or for a spacious country cottage. The difference in this case will be only in the volume of sedimentation tanks and the area of ​​devices for additional treatment. The larger the daily volume of effluent, the more spacious the sedimentation tanks should be. To ensure the best quality of cleaning, multistage sedimentation is organized.

Advice! For an ordinary private house, it is recommended to purchase or build a two or three chamber septic tank. In such an installation, two chambers perform the functions of a settling tank, and in the latter, additional cleaning is carried out using biofilters.

These treatment facilities work as follows:

• the first section of the installation, as a rule, is made the most voluminous. Here there is an accumulation of effluents and their primary settling;

• water enters the second section, which has already been freed from most of the large inclusions, here the liquid is additionally settled, smaller undissolved particles settle to the bottom, which did not have time to precipitate in the first section;
• then the water enters the compartment with the biofilter, if it is in the design of the treatment plant, and then it is fed to the soil filtration unit, where it is finally purified;

• the sediment at the bottom of the settling tanks is gradually compacted. The bacteria in the effluent initiate methane fermentation processes, due to which the sediment is partially decomposed and reduced in volume. Due to this, it is necessary to pump out the sludge infrequently; it is enough to perform this operation annually.

Advice! If you do not carry out timely cleaning of the sedimentation tanks, then the sediment will begin to thicken, gradually reducing the volume of the chambers. A decrease in the volume of sedimentation tanks will lead to a deterioration in the quality of cleaning.

Pros of this option:

• simplicity of the device, reliability;
• sufficiently high efficiency;
• inexpensive and simple maintenance.

• Substantial volume of containers. In order for the water to settle well, it is necessary that the water is in the sump for at least 72 hours. Therefore, with a high flow rate of water, it is necessary to use tanks with a large capacity.
• The need to build devices for soil filtration. This increases construction costs. It is especially difficult if there is clay or a high groundwater level on the site.

Deep bio-purification

A modern septic tank is no longer just a septic tank, but a station that provides complete cleaning in the shortest possible time. Due to this, the installations are compact in size, and there is no need to build devices for additional soil treatment. Principle of operation:

• the first stage of processing consists in settling the liquid;
• but in the second section additional equipment is installed - an aerator. Through the openings of this device, air is supplied to the environment to be cleaned, which ensures the creation of conditions for the flow of biological aerobic processes;
• then the liquid settles again and is sent to the outlet.

Advice! To ensure the highest possible level of purification, you can install an additional unit for water disinfection using ultraviolet radiation.

Pros of the option:

• high quality wastewater treatment;
• compactness, it is much easier to choose a place for installing a biological treatment station on a site near a country house than to allocate a place for installing sedimentation tanks and fields for filtration;
• complete absence of odors, so residents and guests of the country house will not feel discomfort.

• high installation cost;
• the need to connect electricity.

Materials (edit)

Special requirements are imposed on materials for the manufacture of tanks for septic tanks, namely:

• corrosion resistance;
• strength;
• tightness.

When equipping a local sewerage system in a country house, the following options for septic tanks are most often used:

• Brick. Previously, this was the most popular option, since tanks of any volume and shape can be laid out of bricks. Moreover, the work of the wave can be done independently, without involving construction equipment... This is important if the owners of a private house decide to do the construction on their own. The disadvantages of this option are the insufficient tightness of the brick tanks and the need for additional waterproofing.

• Plastic. Currently, plastic septic tanks are the most used variant of treatment plants, recommended for use in autonomous sewage systems in a private house. Such installations can be bought ready-made, or assembled independently, using ready-made plastic containers of the required volume. Plastic Models have a lot of advantages and only one drawback - they are too light and can emerge with a seasonal rise in groundwater.
• Reinforced concrete. Reliable, heavyweight construction. They can be prefabricated (from ready-made reinforced concrete parts) or monolithic. The latter are more sealed, since they have no seams, but prefabricated structures can be assembled much faster. The disadvantage is the laboriousness of installation, as well as the need to use special equipment.

Advice! Metal tanks are practically not used in the construction of sewage systems in a private country house. Due to the metal's susceptibility to corrosion, the metal septic tank will be short-lived, and the use of stainless steel will make the treatment plant prohibitively expensive.

Installation method

According to the location of the sections, all treatment plants are divided into horizontally and vertically oriented ones. Treatment plants vertical type- the preferred option for a private house, since they require much less space during installation.

However, this option can only be used with a low GWL. If the level of the location of soil water is high, then you have to choose horizontal option... In this case, the depth of the reservoir will be small, but the area for installing a septic tank will require a significant one. In addition, according to the method of installation, underground and surface are distinguished. The latter option is chosen if local conditions do not allow installation in the ground.

What to consider when choosing?

To make the right choice of a treatment plant, you need to take into account the following factors:

• daily amount of effluents;
• frequency of use (permanent, seasonal or periodic residence);
• features of the geology of the site;
• construction budget.

So, for a summer cottage used for periodic rest, an inexpensive drive is also quite suitable, and for a country house it is better to use more productive models - sedimentation tanks or biological treatment stations.

So there are different types septic tanks, therefore, for any operating conditions, you can choose the most the best option... A correctly selected and installed septic tank will last a long time, providing a sufficiently high efficiency of wastewater disposal.

Can't connect to the central sewerage system? You can solve the problem locally - install a septic tank. To simplify this task, we have prepared a review of 9 reliable septic tank manufacturers. Chances are good that other companies you come across are either copying the products of these 9 or counterfeiting.

We warn you! Hereinafter, by septic tanks, we mean any engineering structures intended for the collection or processing of wastewater, unless otherwise indicated. This includes VOC and SBO - local treatment facilities and biological treatment plants, respectively.

Instructions for the selection and installation of VOCs

Purpose of the article: tell about the most reliable companies that have been producing septic tanks and biological treatment plants for household waste for more than 10 years. Simplify the selection of the right equipment model based on the buyer's needs, site soil conditions and purchase budget.

Types of septic tanks

Before talking about sewage treatment plants, we will conduct a small educational program. Conventionally, all treatment facilities can be divided into 3 groups:

• storage tanks... It doesn't matter what they will be made of, their function is the same - to accumulate wastewater in itself before the arrival of the sewage truck. Relatively cheap, easy to install, maintenance-free. The use is limited by the useful volume of the tank, hence the need for economical use of water and linking to the services of sewers. It is inconvenient and expensive. They are used only when soil and other conditions do not allow the installation of structures from the following two groups;
• sedimentation tanks... Multi-section tanks that do not require electricity connection for settling waste water and their anaerobic treatment. Microbiological purification processes proceed slowly in an oxygen-depleted environment. The water at the outlet has a characteristic odor and is purified by a maximum of 60%, so it must be further purified. For this, fields or filtration wells are used: drains seep through the soil layer, after which they do not pose a threat to the environment. The sedimentation tanks are simple and affordable, but demanding to maintain. They must be periodically cleaned of the accumulated sediment, and the filtration field must be redone every 5 years. This solution is not suitable for a high groundwater table (GWL) and soil with poor flow capacity, for example, clay;
• aeration stations. The most advanced systems for the preparation of households. drains. In the process of settling, aeration and the use of microorganisms, the drains are cleared by more than 90%, have no odor, they can be drained into roadside ditches. However, such stations require connection to the mains, and their efficiency suffers during power outages. Plus, they are expensive and need qualified service.

We figured out the types of treatment facilities. It remains to take 5 steps to choose the one that suits your particular operating conditions.

5 steps to choosing a septic tank

Step 1. Choose your accommodation option
seasonal (in the country) Operating conditions: accommodation on weekends; family up to 4 people; water consumption up to 50 liters per person per day; the ability to call a sewage truck	Ideal for: sealed storage tanks; two- or three-section models with a filtration field
permanent (in a private house) Operating conditions: water consumption up to 100 liters per person per day; a ban on the use of aggressive detergents; the possibility of discharging treated effluents into the ground	Ideal for: local treatment plants with forced aeration of effluents; three or more sectional septic tanks with a total volume of more than 3X total water consumption per day.
Step 2. Select the type of soil on the site
clay Initial conditions: the soil does not absorb water well, after rain there is dirt on the site; the site is inclined, there is where to drain the treated wastewater; a flat plot of 20 acres and more, with a lawn and a garden, where you can distribute treated effluents as irrigation	Ideal for: biological treatment plant with compressor and pump; sealed storage tanks of suitable size
sand, sandy loam, loam Initial conditions: the soil absorbs water well, after rain there are no puddles; no wells within 50 m	Ideal for: septic tanks with a filtration field for discharging treated effluents into the ground; stations with connection to the mains and a full cycle of wastewater treatment
peat Initial conditions: swampy terrain, the soil does not absorb water well	Ideal for: storage tanks, if it is possible to call a sewer truck; biological treatment station, if the site is sloping and there is where to dispose of treated wastewater
Step 3. Select the depth of groundwater
above 1.5 Initial conditions: it is difficult to dispose of even well-treated wastewater - water does not leave; it is impossible to arrange a filtration field	Ideal for: storage tanks of the required volume.
below 1.5 Initial conditions: groundwater is below the freezing level - fewer problems during operation in winter; sand and loam will become an additional post-treatment filter for effluents	Ideal for: simple septic tanks and SNO, if it is possible to discharge wastewater into the ground or a ditch, as well as storage tanks - if it is economically feasible to call the sewers.
Step 4. Select a model for autonomy
non-volatile no need to connect to the mains; budget option at the price of a container of the same volume;	Ideal for: suburban area with a low level of groundwater and sandy soil for the device of an effective post-treatment system - filtration field.
volatile requires a permanent connection to the network; comparably high cost; complex device; high quality wastewater treatment - does not require additional treatment by a filtration field	Ideal for: permanent residence and the possibility of discharging treated wastewater onto the lawn or ditch.
Step 5. Select the number of permanent residents
up to 5 a large selection of models of any type; compact size of the container	Ideal for: junior models of septic tanks are affordable, easy to install.
to 10 the most complete processing of effluents is required	Ideal for: multisection tanks with filtration field and VOC.
up to 20 for a site with an area of ​​1 hectare or significantly distant from neighbors	Ideal for: volatile treatment plants with the ability to continuously discharge up to 4 cubic meters of treated wastewater per day - into the ground or ditch.

We hope this table helped you choose the right septic tank option. It remains to decide on the manufacturer. The table below shows 9 companies and their a brief description of... All the manufacturers we have reviewed offer solutions for both seasonal and permanent residence.

Septic tank manufacturers

Manufacturers of all types of septic tanks
, all types of septic tanks Bars	for any type of soil; for high and low GWL; performance of models in the range for 5-17 people; durable housing made of HDPE 25 mm thick; turnkey installation in 1 day; prompt delivery in Moscow, Moscow region, St. Petersburg, Yaroslavl, Irkutsk, Kaluga Ideal for: residents of the above cities, because Bars is a practical and economical option disposal of effluents. You can choose the most suitable model for the specific working conditions of the septic tank.	Middle price segment: from 54 900 rub. for storage Bars-n2 with a capacity of 2000 liters; from 73 600 rub. for non-volatile Bars-Bio 5, designed for a family of up to 5 people; from 102800 for a vertical SBO with an aerator and a capacity for 5 people; from 129700 rub. for Bars-Ultra 5 for complete biological treatment of wastewater with the expectation of exploitation by a family of up to 5 people.
, Topas, TopBio, TopAero models	for any soil conditions; performance of models for 4-200 people; products made of polypropylene with a thickness of 8-20 mm; dealers in the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria. Ideal for: permanently residing in a private house, provided that there are no power outages.	Middle price segment: from 89 900 rub. for the basic model of VOC Topas 4 for 4 persons; from 115 900 rub. for the non-volatile septic tank TopBio for 3-6 people; from RUB 218700 for biological treatment station TopAero 3 with a capacity for 15 people.
, models Cedar, Unilos Astra, etc.	for any type of soil; for any GWL; productivity for a family of 2-3 people to entire villages; made of polypropylene of various thicknesses: 8, 15, 20 mm; manufacturer's warehouses in Moscow Region, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk; delivery through a dealer network Ideal for: VOC devices in a residential home.	Middle price segment: from 62400 rub. for a septic tank Cedar for seasonal residence of 5 people. from 72,000 rubles. for Uni-Sep-1. It is a VOC resistant to intermittent power outages. For 5 people. from 89 500 rub. for Unilos Astra 5 - SBO, analogue of Topas for 5 people.
, models Microbe, Tank, Biotank	for any soil conditions; from HDPE with a thickness of 10-15 mm; manufacturer's warehouse in Mytishchi, Moscow region; deliveries across the Russian Federation through dealers Ideal for: budget purchases at the dacha, which is facilitated by frequent manufacturer discounts and the simplicity of the design of most models.	Budget price segment: from 16500 rub. for a 2-chamber settling tank Microbe-450 for seasonal use 1-3 people. from 42500 rub. for Biotank-3 itself. Modified sump with compressor. For a family up to 5 people. from RUB 50,500 for Tank-2. It's cast horizontal tank with 3 chambers for settling effluents.
, Termit and Ergobox models	for low and high groundwater level; for any type of soil; the performance of the models is designed for 3-12 people; HDPE products 20 mm thick; free delivery in Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as within a radius of 100 km from them; free delivery to Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Rostov, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Gryazovets, Danilov, Sergiev-Posad, Tikhvin, Sheksna Ideal for: residents of the above cities due to free shipping... For those looking for an alternative to Tank facilities.	Budget price segment: from 52 100 rub. for a non-volatile septic tank with 3 chambers Termit Profi 3.0, designed for a family of up to 6 people. from 73700 for a biological treatment station Ergobox 6 S for 6 people - a modified version of Termit Transformer.
, Eurolos models	for any ground level and type of soil; made of polypropylene with a thickness of 10 mm; productivity for 3-25000 people; warehouse in Moscow, sales across the Russian Federation through dealers Ideal for: those who need simple models of septic tanks for a summer residence at a low price.	Budget price segment: from 26,000 for a 2-chamber sedimentation tank Evrolos Good luck for a family of 2-3 people with economical water consumption. from 43,000 rubles. for a 3-chamber non-volatile septic tank for 5 people with a ruff load in the second chamber. from RUB 71,000 for VOC Eurolos Bio 5 for 5 people. Full cycle vertical biological treatment plant.
Non-volatile septic tank manufacturers
, Rostock models	for low GWL; for highly absorbent soil; performance is designed for 3-6 people; from HDPE 12 mm thick; warehouse in Mytishchi, Moscow region; delivery across the Russian Federation through a dealer network Ideal for: devices of inexpensive autonomous sewerage in the country.	Budget price segment: from 33800 rub. for the Rostok Dachny sedimentation tank for 2-3 people. from 49800 rub. for Rostock Zagorodny for 4-5 people. from 58800 rub. per Rostock Cottage for 5-6 people.
Local treatment plant manufacturers
, models Eurobion, Yubas	for any soil conditions; complex automation system; productivity for 4-100 people; made of polypropylene 10 mm; developed dealer network in the Russian Federation Ideal for: permanent residence, when the maximum degree of wastewater treatment is needed, even with significant volley discharges.	Premium price segment: from 85,000 for Eurobion-5 ART, an analogue of the new generation Topas 5 for a family of 5 people with continuous operation of the sewage system. from RUB 138,000 for Yubas 5 - VOCs with more advanced automation, due to which the percentage of wastewater treatment is increased.
, Tver models	for any soil conditions; made of polypropylene 5 mm thick; productivity is enough for 2-1000 people; delivery in Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as through dealers Ideal for: large areas for permanent residence, because hatches provide free access to all parts of the installation and take up a lot of space.	Middle price segment: from RUB 103,800 for biological treatment station Tver 1P for use by 4-6 people.

1. "Aqua Hold" - septic tanks Bars

at a price of 54 900 rubles.

2. "Topol-EKO" - treatment facilities Topas

at a price of 89 900 rubles.

Topol-EKO is engaged in the development and production of autonomous aeration-type treatment plants. The company was founded in 2002, the plant is located in the Moscow region, Lobnya.

The manufacturer's catalog contains both individual treatment plants for private houses, and complex and specialized solutions - for a group of houses, villages and enterprises. There are also other plastic goods: cellars, decorative stones, contact tanks, galvanic baths, etc.

The company produces VOCs, which are in 3 large groups:

• For private houses. Topbio - non-volatile septic tanks for installation in sandy soils. Topas and Topas-S are stations with two or one compressor, respectively. Topaero - treatment facilities with protection against increased volley discharge of wastewater.
• For businesses and villages. Topglobal is a complex of equipment with containers made of reinforced concrete for cleaning households. and industrial effluents. Topaero-M is a collection of VOCs with increased total productivity for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Topaero-M / E is an analogue of the previous version for any type of wastewater.
• Specialized stations. Toplos-FL - for wastewater treatment from organic matter. Cyclone is a system for post-treatment of household waste water. Toplos-KM is a container-type VOC for households. drains. Toppolium is a fat separator from catering establishments. Toprain - storm water treatment plant.

The presented equipment covers a wide range of performance. The youngest models are designed for 4 people, the oldest - up to 200. The use of active forced aeration guarantees the purification of domestic wastewater by 98%. Therefore, the company positions its SBO as a wastewater treatment plant that does not require a call for a sewer truck.

In most cases, polypropylene sheets with a thickness of 8 to 20 mm are used as the main material. The rigidity of the structure is achieved by using internal partitions and lattice structures as stiffeners.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from Topol-Eco

Model*	Topas 4	Topbio	Topaero 3
Operating conditions	For permanent use by a family of up to 4 people on a site with any ground level and type of soil.	For permanent or seasonal use by a family of 3-6 people on a site with sandy soil and low GWL.	Permanent use for a large family and guests - up to 15 people in total. Any ground conditions.
Short description	System with two compressors for effluent aeration and deep biological treatment. The effluent can be dumped into the ground or ditch.	Vertical 5-chamber non-volatile septic tank for which a filtration field is required.	Aeration system designed for salvo discharge of effluents up to 1 m3. Wastewater with a purification of up to 98% is odorless and can be dumped into a ditch.
Material	Polypropylene 12.5 mm for external walls, internal dividers 8 mm thick.
Size, L × W × H, mm	950 × 970 × 2500	1600 × 1200 × 3000	2400 × 1200 × 2500
Electricity consumption, W / h	42-63	—	208
Weight, kg	215	400	605
price, rub.	89900	115900	218700

* you can choose a modification with a built-in pump for forced pumping of treated wastewater. Larger performance models are available with an extended neck for recessed installation of the station when it is far from home, as well as reinforced versions for difficult soils.

Output: the main part of the products from "Topol-Eco", which can be used in a private house or on summer cottage- volatile biological treatment plants. They are made according to the most advanced technology to date, which is why they are more expensive than conventional septic tanks with a filtration field. But it should also be borne in mind that such equipment requires qualified maintenance, does not tolerate prolonged power outages and is designed for constant use.

3. "SBM-Group" - Unilos treatment facilities

at a price of 59,000 rubles.

The SBM-Group company produces Unilos stations, storm sewers, sewage pumping stations, plastic containers, fat separators. The plant has been operating since 2006 in the Moscow region, there is a production in St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, in 2015 a plant was opened in Kazakhstan.

Production technologies and assortment

The main focus is on autonomous sewage systems made of polypropylene, fiberglass and concrete. The stations are designed for cleaning households. and storm sewage. The performance of septic tanks, depending on the model chosen, can range from 0.6 to 10,000 cubic meters per day.

Septic tanks are represented by three product lines:

• Unilos biological treatment plants. This includes models of the Astra series and modification with a service platform - Scarab, large-capacity systems for villages - Mega, container-type kits for shift camps - Container.
• Small capacity septic tanks for summer cottages. The line includes Uni-Sep series aeration stations hybrid type, a four-chamber non-volatile wastewater purifier Kedr and a three-chamber one - Unilos-OS.
• Storage tanks. Tanks made of polypropylene and fiberglass reinforced plastic with sewage pumping out by a sewage machine.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from "SBM-Group"

Model	Unilos Astra 5 *	Uni-Sep-1	Cedar
Operating conditions	For a family of up to 5 people on a plot with any soil conditions.	For permanent or seasonal residence of 5 people in conditions of periodic power outages. For any soil.
Short description	Vertical station for deep biological treatment households. drains with gravity or forced drainage. Treated wastewater is discharged into a ditch or soil.	Horizontal VOC with 2 service hatches and 6 chambers for anaerobic and aerobic wastewater treatment. Discharge of treated water into a ditch or filter well.	Vertical non-volatile septic tank with 4 chambers for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Required filtering field device.
Material	Polypropylene. The side walls are 15 mm thick, the bottom is 20 mm.	Polypropylene 8 mm thick.
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	1030 × 1120 × 2000	1020 × 2000	1400 × 3000
Electricity consumption, W / h	60	71	—
Weight, kg	220	130	150
price, rub.	89500	72000	62400

* this is standard equipment. There are Midi modifications with built-in SPS, post-treatment and / or disinfection unit, as well as Long - with the same options, only a higher height.

Unilos Astra 5 is the most popular model among those who live in a private house all year round. The video below tells about the design of such a station and describes in detail the principle of its operation.

Conclusions: from the SBM-Group company under the Unilos brand you can pick up the Astra aeration system, which is very similar in design to the Topas from Topol-Eco. The choice among non-volatile septic tanks is limited to one model, but you can choose a storage tank of the required volume. Those. manufacturer in to a greater extent focuses on consumers who permanently reside in their own home.

4. "Elite Stroy Invest" - septic tanks Tank

at a price of 34 900 rubles.

The company "Elite Stroy Invest" (in the past - "Triton Plastic") specializes in the production of plastic septic tanks, containers for water and fuel, caissons, swimming pools and various goods for summer cottages. The plant is located in the Moscow region, Mytishchi. Has been working since 2007. Delivery is possible throughout the country through a dealer network.

Production technologies and assortment

The catalog includes products for three types of drainage devices:

• storage tanks. This includes containers made of Triton-N polyethylene with a volume of 1 to 3.5 m3;
• septic tank and. This includes the Microbe model (3-12 people) - a 2-chamber model for a summer residence, as well as Triton-T (2-10 people), Tank and Tank Universal (1-25 people). These are 3-chamber tanks with the possibility of increasing the stages of wastewater treatment by adding additional blocks;
• biological purification systems. Volatile VOCs Biotank (4-10 people) and Eurobion (4-150 people) from HDPE and polypropylene, respectively.

The main material for the manufacture of containers is HDPE. Material thickness ranges from 10 to 15 mm, depending on model and location. For example, it is higher for stiffeners, and less for straight lines or areas of small curvature.

The video below clearly demonstrates the production of models from the HDPE Tank line. The plant is completed modern equipment, plastic sheets are supplied from Russian, Czech and German manufacturers.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from "Elite Stroy Invest"

Model	Tank-2	Microbe-450	Biotank-3 itself *
Operating conditions	For a family of 3-4 people with constant or seasonal use. Works at low ground level, soil - sand, sandy loam, loam.	Seasonal model. Operation by 1-3 people in economy mode. For low GWL and filtering soil.	Seasonal accommodation for up to 5 people. Low GWL, sandy or loamy soil.
Short description	Cast horizontal 3-chamber sump with developed stiffeners. Can be equipped with an infiltrator ** (analogue of the filtration field). Compulsory soil purification of effluents.	Compact vertical septic tank with 2 chambers. Provides minimal cleaning of heavy and light fractions. It is necessary to arrange the filtration field. You can additionally purchase an infiltrator.	Vertical 4-chamber septic tank with aeration section. Installed 1 compressor and simple automation. The degree of wastewater treatment is 95-98%, after the station they can be discharged into a roadside ditch.
Material	HDPE 10-15 mm thick	HDPE 10 mm thick
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	1800 × 1200 × 1700	810 × 1430	1020 × 2120
Electricity consumption, W / h	—	—	60
Weight, kg	130	35	100
price, rub.	50500	16500	42500

* This is a model with gravity drainage of treated effluents. There is a modification with an installed pump for forced discharge. There is also a horizontal model.

** Infiltrator looks like an inverted plastic bath, serves as the boundary of the treated effluent filtration area.

Conclusions: even though this manufacturer has models different types, it is best known for its sedimentation tanks. The Tank series line is ideal for summer cottages and, in certain cases, can be used for permanent residence. In production, HDPE with a thickness of 10-15 mm is used, which is not always enough to ensure the rigidity of the structure when installed in complex soils.

5. "Multplast" - septic tanks Termit

at a price of 25,000 rubles.

The company "Multplast" specializes in the production of products from polyethylene and fiberglass: septic tanks, caissons, wells, etc. This manufacturer is known for the Termit and Ergobox product lines. The plant has been operating since 2004 and is located in the Vologda region, Cherepovets. The company has its own warehouses in Moscow, St. Petersburg, as well as in the Krasnodar Territory. They carry out delivery throughout the Russian Federation thanks to a developed dealer network.

Production technologies and assortment

The equipment is represented by 2 main product lines:

• sedimentation tanks. Produced under the Termit brand. Includes several modifications: Profi - 2- and 3-chamber septic tanks for summer cottages with low GWL; Transformer - the same as the Pro, but with one neck (more rigid construction); Transformer PR - modification with a pump for forced pumping of treated wastewater at high GWL. There are also accumulative models with a capacity of up to 5.5 cubic meters;
• biological treatment stations. Produced under the Ergobox brand. They are modifications of the Transformer (PR) models in which the compressor and aerators are installed.

All these products are made by rotational molding from Korean-made HDPE. The result is a strong seamless construction with well-developed stiffening ribs. The wall thickness is 20 mm.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from "Multplast"

Model	Termite Profi 3.0	Ergobox 6 S *
Operating conditions	For a family of up to 6 people with a low GWL, when the soil is sand, sandy loam, loam.	For a family of up to 6 people with a low GWL, because the gravity version. The type of soil does not matter.
Short description	3-chamber horizontal sedimentation tank for primary treatment under anaerobic conditions. It is obligatory to arrange a filtration field for additional treatment of effluents.	Horizontal 3-chamber VOC with Japanese compressor and German pump. Discharge of treated effluents into a ditch, onto the relief, into the ground.
Material	HDPE 20 mm thick
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	2300 × 1155 × 1905	2000 × 1000 × 2100
Electricity consumption, W / h	—	63
Weight, kg	165	137
price, rub.	52100	73700

* S - gravity. There is a PR modification with a pump for forced pumping of treated effluents. It costs 6 thousand rubles. more expensive than the gravity version.

Video demonstrating the installation process of the septic tank Termit. From a small video, you will also learn about what diameter the supply pipe should be, whether it can have 90-degree turns, how and where to drain the treated wastewater, etc.

Conclusions: it is easy to notice the similarity of the products from "Multplast" with the products of the Tank type. All the same pronounced stiffeners and simple construction... Versions with a compressor may be of particular interest - a simple modification gives the design special properties. However, it should be borne in mind that a small number of chambers can lead to a low quality of wastewater treatment and, as a consequence, the need for a field or filtration well for additional treatment.

6. "Eurolos" - cleaning systems Eurolos

at a price of 26,000 rubles.

The company "Evrolos" is relatively young, the plant has been operating in the Moscow region since 2015. It gained considerable popularity thanks to the production of high-quality plastic products: wastewater treatment systems, caissons, grease traps. Deliveries from the manufacturer are carried out from a warehouse in Moscow, throughout the country - through a developed dealer network.

Production technologies and assortment

Treatment equipment is represented by 2 lines:

• for individual use. This is EuroLos Udacha - a compact septic tank for seasonal use in the country; Evrolos Eco - 3-chamber sedimentation tank; Eurolos Bio - LOS with pump and ejector; Evrolos Pro - aeration SBO. They are designed for a family of 3 to 20 people;
• for collective use. This is Eurolos Kontus - a modular wastewater treatment system. Productivity from 20 to 4000 cubic meters per day.

All containers are made of polypropylene sheet with a thickness of 8-10 mm. In the Bio model, oxygen is supplied not by a compressor, but by a pump + ejector bundle. How it works is clearly shown in the video below.

We recommend to see also full overview this cleaning station, which explains the principle of the system and the role of each of the nodes. We focus on the Bio model, because it is the most popular among EuroLos buyers.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from "Evrolos"

Model	Luck	Eco 1	Bio 5
Operating conditions	For a family of 2-3 people with seasonal living and economical use of water. GWL is low, the soil is sandy loam or sand.	For a family of 5 with constant or seasonal use. GWL is low, good filtration capacity of the soil.	For 5 people with permanent or seasonal residence. Any ground conditions.
Short description	Compact 2-chamber sump. Does not require digging a deep pit. The device of the filtering field is obligatory. It is also recommended to use bacteria.	Horizontal 3-chamber clarifier with a ruff loading for breeding colonies of anaerobic bacteria. Arrangement of additional soil purification is required.	Vertical VOC from 3 chambers and a biofilter with sewage circulation along the entire circuit. Aeration due to ejector and gushing. Does not require additional soil treatment - wastewater can be discharged onto the terrain or into a ditch.
Material	Sheet polypropylene with a thickness of 8-10 mm
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	1500 × 1500 × 800	1000 × 2000	1400 × 2000
Electricity consumption, W / h	—	—	88
Weight, kg	69	84	165
price, rub.	26000	43000	71000

The set does not include accompanying structures for the arrangement of the treated wastewater discharge system. The infiltrator will cost an additional 5,600 rubles, a well - from 21,000 rubles, submersible drainage pumps- from 2900 rubles.

Conclusions: in the assortment of the company "Evrolos" you will find solutions for the device of a local treatment plant for seasonal and permanent residence of different productivity and degree of preparation of wastewater for discharge into external environment... It should be noted the affordable cost of the basic set of equipment, however, due to the small thickness of the walls of the tanks, we do not recommend the installation of such systems in difficult soils, where there is a possibility of crushing the structure.

7. "Ecoprom" - septic tanks Rostok

at a price of 26 800 rubles.

The Ecoprom company has been producing goods from recycled polyethylene since 2008. The assortment includes tanks for water, fuels and lubricants, septic tanks, grease traps, tanks for shower cabins, etc. Today, there are 3 factories in the Moscow and Leningrad regions.

Production technologies and assortment

2 product lines are designed for local sewerage devices:

• drives... Sealed Rostok U tanks with a volume of 1250 to 3000 liters.
• sedimentation tanks. These are 2-chamber septic tanks Rostock Mini, Dachny, Zagorodny, Cottage. With a volume of 1000 to 3000 liters - this is enough for operation by a family of 2-6 people.

All containers are made from recycled materials, which determines their competitive cost. Reservoirs are made of HDPE by rotational molding. In this case, the wall thickness is 10-12 mm.

Watch a 2-minute video, which clearly shows the device of the Rostok Dachny septic tank and describes the role of each element of the purification system.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from Ecoprom

Model	Rostock Dachny	Rostock Zagorodny	Rostock Cottage
Operating conditions	For 2-3 people.	For 4-5 people.	For 5-6 people.
	Seasonal living, low GWL, soil - sand, sandy loam.
Short description	2-chamber horizontal sedimentation tank with developed stiffeners. The device of the filtering field is obligatory. Volley discharge and the use of aggressive chemicals are unacceptable.
Material	HDPE 10-12 mm thick
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	1680 × 1115 × 1840	2220 × 1305 × 2000	2360 × 1440 × 2085
Electricity consumption, W / h	—	—	—
Weight, kg	85	125	160
price, rub.	33800	49800	58800

The price does not include the infiltrator for the device of the filtration field. This is about 7,000 rubles more. a piece.

Output: Are you looking for the simplest settling tanks for summer cottages and their main quality for you - strength, tightness and affordable cost? Then it is worth considering buying a septic tank from Ecoprom. Especially when it comes to a summer residence, and the site is located somewhere on the outskirts of the partnership. Because the quality of pre-cleaning, due to the presence of only two chambers, leaves much to be desired.

8. "NEP-Center" - cleaning systems Eurobion

at a price of 84,000 rubles.

GK "NEP-Center" has been specializing in the production of local treatment facilities for low-rise buildings since 1998. The plant is located in the Moscow region, Kubinka. The enterprise has a powerful scientific and technical base for developments in the field of wastewater treatment and drinking water... Delivery across the Russian Federation through a dealer network.

Production technologies and assortment

All systems are equipped with active aeration of effluents and are divided into a general group - aeroseptics. Depending on the model, they are able to meet the needs of 4 to 100 people. According to the engineer-inventor of the company, Bobylev Yu.O., the products of NEP-Center are the result of the evolution of the LOS Topas line.

Characteristics of popular septic tanks from "NEP-Center"

Model	Eurobion-5 ART	Yubas 5
Operating conditions	VOC for permanent use by a family of 5 people. Any ground conditions.
Short description	4-section vertical installation with a large receiving chamber capable of carrying a salvo discharge up to 390 liters. Differs in economical energy consumption. Treated wastewater can be discharged onto the terrain.	Vertical station with deeper cleaning. Capable of receiving salvo discharge up to 700 liters. Consumes more electricity. It has a complex automation system, which complicates the repair. The effluent after the system is discharged onto the relief.
Material	Sheet polypropylene 10 mm thick
Size, L × W × H or D × L, mm	1080 × 1080 × 2380
Electricity consumption, W / h	39	60
Weight, kg	125	270
price, rub.	85000	138000

Plant maintenance is an important stage in the operation of the system. From the video below, you will learn not only how to service the Eurobion 5 VOC, but also how the station is cleaned and what role is assigned to each of its components.

Conclusions: treatment facilities from "NEP-Center" have a well-thought-out design in terms of the efficiency of wastewater treatment, but their maintenance requires highly qualified workers. Such systems are excellent for continuous operation, but at the same time their cost is higher than analogs.

9. TD "Engineering Equipment" - septic tanks Tver

at a price of 67 900 rubles.

The company TD "Engineering Equipment" has been operating since 1992 and specializes in scientific research, production, construction and installation of equipment for wastewater treatment and pumping. The range of the company LOS Tver, facilities for the treatment of storm water Svir, grease traps, sewage treatment plants for car washes, regions of the North. Production is carried out at 4 plants in the Russian Federation.

Production technologies and assortment

• for private houses. Biological treatment stations made of polypropylene of the Tver-P line are designed for 2-36 users, depending on the performance of the system;
• for residential complexes. Purification equipment in a metal or polymer building of high productivity for 30-1500 people.
• for shift camps. Container version Tver-S for 6-1000 people;
• in a block-modular design. Modular structures Tver-BM with flexible adjustment of the waste flow rate by varying the number of connected units;
• for solid waste landfills. Specialized stations Tver-MSW in container design for deep cleaning waste water from solid waste landfills.

All models treatment systems Tver - volatile installations for seasonal or permanent residence. Polypropylene with a thickness of 5 mm is used as the material for the walls of the containers. The rigidity of the structure is provided by stiffeners and internal partitions.

* There are 7 more modifications of this station, for example, the model with the PN index has a pump compartment with submersible pump for forced feed treated effluents.

The video below shows detailed information on the installation of a septic tank Tver-0.75 PN. A company representative at a real facility explains the structure of the system and the role of each of its elements. Maintenance of the station is described in detail. If you are thinking about buying this model - be sure to look!

Conclusions: TD " Engineering equipment»Do not offer a large selection of systems for country houses... The guys just developed a model that works well and scaled it up. The result is not the most compact water treatment plant at an average price. The main thing is to make it work, isn't it?

Editor's Choice

All the manufacturers presented are good, but we especially want to highlight the following:

• "Aqua Hold". For septic tanks Leopard: a large selection of models of different types, the robust body of which is made of HDPE 25 mm thick. You can choose a treatment plant for any conditions. There are solutions for summer cottages, for permanent residence, for low and high groundwater levels, different types soil. The prices for the products are average for the market.
• Elite Stroy Invest. For simple septic tanks Tank, which are ideal for giving - durable, reliable, at a price of 25,000 rubles.
• TD "Engineering Equipment". For biological treatment station Tver... Unlike most VOCs, it not only copes with the task of wastewater treatment, but is also easy to maintain - no need to call a specialist. This is possible thanks to easy access to each camera in the station.

FAQ

Here we have collected answers to pressing questions about septic tanks.

What material is the septic tank better from?

Factory products for individual use are made of polymeric materials: polypropylene, low pressure polyethylene (HDPE), fiberglass. They are relatively lightweight, non-corrosive, strong, sealed and durable - all of these materials are good.

The only question is, to what extent their capabilities are implemented in a particular design of a septic tank. For example, there may be a container made of polypropylene, in which the seams are poorly welded, respectively, it will leak after some time.

The rigidity of the structure is influenced by the thickness of the material and the presence structural elements: stiffeners and internal partitions. Therefore, if the design is unsuccessful or simply does not fit the specific operating conditions, the septic tank can flatten or break with soil. But the point is not in the quality of the material from which it is made, but in the structure itself.

I cannot decide on the choice between a non-volatile septic tank and a biological treatment station with aerators. What's better?

If for a summer residence, choose a non-volatile sump, provided that the groundwater level is below 1.5 meters, and the soil itself has good filtering capabilities. For example, it is sand or sandy loam. Once a season you will have to do dirty work and remove accumulated sludge from the bottom of the tank, however, in general, such a solution is the most economically feasible and convenient for seasonal living.

For private houses, it is better to buy a system that ensures the maximum purity of effluent at the outlet of the treatment plant. You can't do without a station with aerators. From the pros: the drains after it do not smell, they are so clean that they can be drained into roadside ditches. However, such a solution is more expensive, and automation and compressors require an electrical connection.

Summer cottage next to the forest, seasonal accommodation, four people. Advise a septic tank.

If you need cheaper and easier, then consider the Termit Profi 2.0 option. It is very similar to the well-known Tank, but it costs only 39,000 rubles. Also, the manufacturer often has promotions - you can save several thousand.

The filtration field can be set up next to the forest. There you will dispose of wastewater for additional treatment. So you will bring a minimum of inconvenience to yourself and your neighbors.

At the summer cottage there is a well, from where the water is used for food purposes. Which septic tank to choose?

Obviously, a treatment station is required here, after which the effluent can be discharged into a roadside ditch. If there is no ditch, it can be lowered into the ground, provided that the discharge point should be 50 m from the well.

If the soil does not accept water, then in some cases it makes sense to think about installing a storage tank with the subsequent call of sewers.

Will the drains freeze in winter? Do I need to insulate a septic tank?

If used constantly, they will definitely not freeze - a kind of bioreactor constantly works inside, generating heat. In extreme cases, you can insulate it by sprinkling a layer of straw or leaves on top.

For seasonal use, it is recommended to fill the container 2/3 with drains, additionally insulating it from above. This will prevent the container from floating or crushing. frozen ground... We recommend that you additionally read the instructions for a particular model, the manufacturer may have a different opinion on this matter.

What will happen to a volatile water treatment plant if the electricity is cut off?

Typically such systems are very sensitive to power outages. The air compressor stops working, and after 6 hours the amount of oxygen in the effluent is significantly reduced. A struggle begins between aerobes and anaerobes. The drains can begin to ferment due to anaerobes, therefore, after turning on the electricity, the return to normal operation occurs within several days.

Is there a strong odor from the septic tank?

After an ordinary sump there is a strong characteristic sewer odor. It can even be felt next to the filtration field, so they are equipped in the most distant place.

After systems with aeration, the water is cleaner and odorless. Unless the operating mode of the station will be violated: exceeding the permissible peak discharge, power outages, the use of aggressive detergents.

Installed a septic tank with a filtration field without connecting to the power supply. How to serve it?

Every six months it is necessary to open the container and check the amount of sediment. If it is more than 1/5 of the height of the container, you will have to remove it. Use a bucket or fecal pump for this purpose.

Light fractions will accumulate on the surface of the effluent. If they form a thick solid layer with a thickness of more than 5 cm, it is also better to remove it in a timely manner, because later it can significantly complicate the cleaning of the tank.

Which is better to choose a septic tank for a summer residence? This is not an idle question. Equipping a private house or summer cottage with a sewerage system becomes a problem for many owners. After all, many cottage and holiday villages simply do not have the ability to connect to centralized system waste disposal. But there is a fairly simple solution to this problem - a septic tank for a summer residence or a private house, and for small plot a mini septic tank model is suitable.

You can choose a septic tank for the home based on reviews or technical specifications, on photos and video instructions. But it is best to choose several septic tanks, focusing on technical specifications, and choose a specific model based on customer reviews and photos.

What it is?

A septic tank is an autonomous treatment plant for liquid waste, which is installed in a private area with both low and high groundwater. There are septic tanks of various designs and different capacities. The installation of a septic tank is able to ensure the full performance of toilets, showers and baths, sinks, as well as all the necessary household appliances (washing machines and dishwashers). If this is not required, then the model of a mini-septic tank is quite suitable.

A septic tank for a house with high groundwater is the optimal alternative to the familiar to many cesspool... After all, using it with modern materials and technologies is a crime against oneself and the environment. Unlike a septic tank, it is harmful to the environment, violates all hygiene standards, and besides, it also has a constant strong unpleasant odor. But installing a septic tank at a summer cottage will save you from these problems. You can buy a septic tank for the country without pumping out, then there is almost no need to care for it.

The septic tank can be either factory-made or home-made. However, reviews on homemade septic tanks indicate some negligence of individual authors in the proposed schemes for the operation of septic tanks. The correct choice of septic tank and quality installation guarantees a long and smooth operation sewerage system for a period of at least 10 years.

Advantages of septic tanks for summer cottages:

1. They are easy to install:
2. Eco-friendly:
3. They do not require special operating costs;
4. The cost of their installation is relatively low;
5. They guarantee a high level of wastewater treatment thanks to an anaerobic process;
6. A variety of models allows you to choose a septic tank, both for a small country house and for a large country cottage or residential complex;
7. Suitable for installation in any climatic zone, even in areas with high groundwater;
8. When properly installed, they are reliable and durable.

Principle of operation

There are several types of septic tanks for summer cottages, but they all work according to a similar principle - it is a large reservoir, divided into several chambers. The chambers are equipped with filters and in each of them a certain stage of cleaning takes place:

• Physical cleaning, which separates large debris;
• Sedimentation of effluents in a sump;
• Decomposition of organic waste;
• Anaerobic cleaning;
• Discharge of the formed gas;
• Filtration and clarification of effluents.

All this makes it possible to clean drains to very high rates (up to 98%), although for some models it is necessary to additionally install aeration fields. But there are septic tanks for the dacha without pumping out, which guarantee a high degree of water purification with minimal cost, but it's hard to call them budget. And this, judging by the reviews and photos, is a very expensive procedure.

Sept Ica species

Which is better to take a septic tank for a summer residence? After all depends on it comfortable accommodation in the country. There are several signs by which septic tanks are classified. This is the design, principle of operation and material of manufacture. Well, let's not forget about the reviews and photo reports of specific users. They will give you an idea of ​​the practical use of septic tanks.

According to the principle of operation, septic tanks are:

1. Accumulative. They represent one large reservoir in which waste water is collected and settled before being pumped out. It is this design that is most often chosen to create a homemade septic tank.

A storage septic tank for a summer residence has a number of advantages:

• Low cost. Some craftsmen collect it from improvised material, such as car tires;
• Easy to install;
• Suitable for areas with high groundwater;
• Autonomy.

But the disadvantages of this septic tank for a summer residence still outweigh, judging, again, according to reviews:

• Suitable only for sandy soil;
• Not designed for salvo water discharges;
• Small volume;
• Septic tanks without pumping are expensive;
• Regular pumping is required;
• The need to often resort to the services of sewers;
• Most often it has an unpleasant odor.

1. Anaerobic septic tanks for summer cottages with infiltration fields. This is a large tank, divided into several small sections, where the wastewater goes through several stages of treatment until the organic waste is completely decomposed. In this case, the effluent is cleaned up to 75%. Since this indicator is quite low, it is necessary to additionally install the system with anaerobic fields. Analyzing the reviews, we note that these septic tanks have no fundamental drawbacks, except for the high cost of septic tanks without pumping.

1. Aerobic septic tanks for summer cottages. This type septic tanks guarantee the purification of effluents up to 98% thanks to anaerobic bacteria, which completely decompose all waste, and the filter system completely purifies and clarifies the water. Often, such septic tanks are additionally equipped with pumps, air vents and air compressors... Most of the models are septic tanks without pumping. This is the most expensive, but also the most effective type of septic tank for summer cottages. And judging by the reviews and photo reports, this is their main drawback.

You can also classify septic tanks for summer cottages according to the following criteria: factory or home-made, autonomous or volatile, underground or above ground, requiring pumping and not requiring.

Manufacturing material

How to choose a septic tank according to the material of manufacture. For arranging a septic tank, three types of containers are most often used:

• Plastic. Lightweight and durable tanks that are easy to install and maintain. Their service life is quite long and, with proper installation and use, they will last up to 50 years. The installation of small models does not require the use of special equipment. There are septic tanks without pumping, and with a drive. But the low weight of the structure is at the same time a disadvantage - a septic tank can "float" to the surface of the ground when groundwater rises. Reviews indicate that because of this, such septic tanks cannot be installed in places where groundwater exits to the surface. Or, in order to avoid the "surfacing" of the septic tank under the influence of the raised groundwater, it is concreted or "anchored" with the help of special belts. So it is not the best way septic tank for summer cottages high level groundwater.
• Concrete. A good type of simple and durable septic tank for summer cottages. The structure is very strong, does not corrode, but it is heavy. There are two options for constructing the device. The first is the installation of ready-made factory concrete rings using construction machinery. The second is the pouring of concrete into the finished formwork and the gradual erection of the structure. This is the best option for a septic tank for a summer residence with high groundwater.
• Metallic. They have a relatively low weight, which greatly facilitates installation, and the reasonable cost of the necessary equipment makes them quite popular among developers. But they also have a drawback - a very high probability of corrosion due to anaerobic processes, the service life of the device is greatly reduced. Suitable for areas with high groundwater.

Device, circuits

How to choose a septic tank according to the arrangement scheme? There are many variations of septic tanks for summer cottages, ranging from a homemade sump made from used tires, to very complex multi-stage cleaning models from various manufacturers.

Any design of a septic tank for a summer residence consists of several chambers:

• loading container for waste;
• additional cleaning chambers with filters and anaerobic chamber.

Storage tanks and aeration fields are often used additionally.

For equipment summer cottages or houses where 3-4 people live, most often they use mini-septic tanks for summer cottages, that is, models that are designed to process 0.7-2 cubic meters of wastewater. Such mini-septic tanks have a number of advantages:

• mini size, which makes installation simple;
• a factory mini-septic tank is most often inexpensive;
• build a mini septic tank with my own hands much cheaper than buying a finished product;
• operation of a mini septic tank is economical;
• there are mini anaerobic, accumulative and intiltration models;
• mini septic tank is very easy to clean;
• the installation of a mini-septic tank can be easily handled by just a couple of people without the use of construction equipment.

It makes sense to buy a large septic tank only when a large number of people live in the house, and a mini septic tank for a summer residence is perfect option if you are visiting the site only on weekends. But such models require additional strengthening in areas with high groundwater.

Payment

Choosing a suitable septic tank for a summer residence is a difficult matter. After all, the life support system of the whole house or dacha depends on this. In order for the choice to be successful, it is first of all necessary to accurately calculate the operating mode of the sewage system and the volume of wastewater.

It is on these parameters that the characteristics of a septic tank for a summer residence, which are worth paying attention to, depend. You also need to decide - an autonomous or non-volatile sump model will suit you, or will a septic tank connected to the mains suit you?

For example, 3 people live in the country, which means that the volume of the septic tank must be at least 600 liters. Based on guests, even a little more. And for the correct operation of the entire system, protection from volley drains and to ensure the operation of household appliances, this number must be multiplied again by 3, that is, 600x3, and we get a number of 1800 liters per day. This example shows that in most cases it is enough to install a mini-septic tank, and not a large-sized model.

Popular manufacturers

Presented on our market wide choose septic tanks for summer cottages from various manufacturers. The most popular of them are the brands Topas, Eurobion, Poplar, Tank, which offer autonomous plastic sewer systems.

Their products are a wide range of models of various capacities - both small septic tanks for summer cottages with a wastewater volume of 1000 liters, and large tanks for hotels and large residential complexes. By the principle of work - anaerobic and aerobic. They also differ in cost - the most affordable are the systems of the "Tank" company, and the most expensive are Topas. But all of them have proven themselves well among the owners of private houses, cottages and summer cottages. In the photo you can see their dimensions and shape.

Help in choosing

Before buying or installing a septic tank for a summer residence, several questions must be resolved:

• the optimal volume of the structure. According to the form presented above, it is necessary to calculate the amount of wastewater. If there is no shower and bathtub at the dachas, then one hundred liters can be subtracted from the total volume of drains .;
• place of installation. The optimal form of the septic tank depends on this. For small summer cottages, it is recommended to choose vertical models. But remember that the sump should not be located close to water bodies and buildings;
• budget. The quality and functionality of the sewage system and the installation method depend on it. Of course, the best solution would be to purchase finished structure with the deepest degree of purification with its turnkey installation. But this is not advisable for houses with seasonal residence of a small number of people.

Remember that a septic tank for a summer residence differs in functional tasks from a septic tank in a private house. The dacha sewer system should solve the following issues:

• it should be designed for periodic bulk discharge of wastewater;
• suburban sewerage must be suitable for seasonal conservation for the autumn-winter period.

Septic tanks prices

In search of an answer on which septic tank to choose for a summer residence, many buyers pay attention to the price of a septic tank. How to buy a quality septic tank without paying extra money?

The average price of a small mini-septic tank of a simple design for a summer cottage is about 20,000 rubles, more complex models are higher depending on the volume and model. The price for complex sewage systems with aeration is about 150,000 rubles.

Like any other product, septic tanks, in huge amount presented on our market, you can go to the store or see the photos in the catalog. The variety of designs and models, their price range is very wide, and sometimes it is very difficult for a layman to figure out which one is better to choose a septic tank. In this case, you need to take into account your own capabilities and budget, and do not forget about the ratio of cost and quality.

Wanting to buy inexpensively, many summer residents prefer to install a septic tank for the house with their own hands, rather than buying a factory system. In this case, a concrete septic tank for a home will cost 20-30 thousand rubles.

The most inexpensive septic tanks are storage and home-made, and the most expensive are models with several stages of processing and aeration that do not require regular pumping. But which one is better - everyone must decide for himself - after all, it is not always advisable to install an expensive septic tank for small summer cottages where no one lives permanently.

• the price of all consumables;
• the price installation works, if there is a need to attract hired workers.

To establish which better septic tank to purchase, moreover, inexpensively, it is necessary to study the range of stores and catalogs of manufacturers. Here are some examples of prices at which you can buy septic tanks, and their photos can be viewed on the manufacturer's website:

• "Bionic" with a volume of 1.5 m³ will cost 38,000 rubles;
• "Tver" with a volume of 2 m³ - 70 thousand rubles;
• "Tank-1" with a volume of 1 m³ - 17,000 rubles;
• "Triton" for 2000 liters. - 24,000.

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

To save yourself from the need to inhale odors from cesspools, it makes sense to buy a septic tank for a private house, having previously studied its features and giving preference to a specific variety. The device will save the residents of the house from any troubles. With the permanent residence of a large number of people on the territory of a private house, the drainage pit simply will not cope with the task at hand and it will need an assistant, which a septic tank can become.

What is a septic tank

Private houses or country cottages differ from ordinary apartments the fact that there is no central sewerage system and the use of a special device will be required to remove domestic water. A septic tank is a sealed container in which liquid waste accumulates. The biological treatment function is available for some models, but they cannot be ranked as full-fledged treatment facilities.

What is it needed for

Owners of country houses, when arranging sewerage systems, must ensure that sewage is cleaned taking into account sanitary standards and soil characteristics. A reliable option would be a septic tank, also called a septic tank, whose function is to accumulate and purify waste leaving the room. He allows impurities to pass through himself, not allowing them to penetrate into the soil. Before making a septic tank in a private house, it is worth understanding its structure and operation.

Device

When building a cottage, you must pay Special attention arrangement of an autonomous sewerage system, since there is no central one for the project. The device of a septic tank in a private house allows you to solve problems with the removal of household waste and their cleaning. The work is carried out in three stages:

• Sewage drains leaving a private house are collected in sealed plastic containers of a local treatment plant.
• Inside the septic tank, the particles are separated into heavy and light particles. The former settle at the bottom of the well, and the latter enter the next compartment.
• Aerobic purification is not always possible, therefore, anaerobic purification often occurs. The sewage is filtered, and the generated methane is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

Types of septic tanks for a private house

Local treatment facilities are divided into two large groups - old and new. The first group is represented by brick septic tanks and reinforced concrete structures... These types for private houses are used less often due to time, power and material costs. However, concrete structures are considered to be more durable. The new ones include ready-made plastic septic tanks for the home, which have several more subspecies. Of the undoubted advantages, one can single out the cheapness, practicality of plastic, and the lightness of the product.

Cumulative

Manufacturers of septic tanks installed in private houses understand that it is impossible to do without a sewerage system, therefore they offer a wide selection. The use of special tanks is often the solution to the problem. A storage septic tank is a container where domestic water flows through pipes, which are pumped out as it is filled. Calculations of the volume of liquid must be made independently and, based on this, a storage tank of the required size must be ordered. This option has a number of features:

• Installation of drainage wells is not required, which has a positive effect on the cost of the system.
• The tank itself for a private house will not be cheap, despite the simplicity of the device.
• The owner of the house can independently decide where the septic tank will be installed. However, you need to think over everything so that the access of the sewage truck is unhindered.
• It will be expensive to pump waste, therefore, if your household water accumulates quickly, then a storage single-chamber septic tank is not your option!
  

  Bioseptic

  It is impossible to provide yourself with a comfortable life for permanent residence in a private house without sewerage. Bioseptic with the help of special bacteria solves the problem of wastewater treatment, giving a kind of guarantee of soil safety. The process looks like this:

  1. Sewage enters the first chamber popular septic tank, going through primary cleaning there. Large particles and fats are separated and settle to the bottom.
  2. The waste is sent to the second tank of the three-chamber septic tank, where cleaning continues more actively.
  3. The sediment enters the first chamber, and the treated effluent enters the third, where the final and main stage takes place.
  4. Fully treated water flows through the secondary clarifier into the well.

  

  With post-treatment

  Waste that has passed through the septic tank cannot be considered completely clean water that can be discharged into a body of water or soil. Sometimes it is impossible to do without additional soil cleaning. The design of a treatment plant for a private house depends on various parameters: characteristics of wastewater and soil. Soil filtration is more costly, since you will need to install:

  • absorbent trench;
  • sand and gravel filter;
  • filter well;
  • filtering fields.

  

  Home septic tanks

  Choices are not easy to make from the assortment available on the market. Initially, the eye falls on those devices that are cheap:

  • Name: KNS Unipump Sanivort.
  • Price: 11328 rubles.
  • Characteristics: the device pumps out waste water, accumulating it in a tank.
  • Pros: low price.
  • Cons: small capacity.

  

  More serious septic tanks installed in private homes are many times more expensive. However, they are often worth it:

  • Name: EcoProm Rostok.
  • Price: 55,900 rubles.
  • Characteristics: construction containing a biological filter for wastewater treatment.
  • Pros: high degree of purification.
  • Cons: large size.

  

  There are entire autonomous deep biological treatment plants. In a private house, they will be appropriate:

  • Name: Unilos Astra 3.
  • Price: 66,300 rubles.
  • Characteristics: a tank for collecting and filtering sewage, occurring in several stages.
  • Pros: easy to use, perfectly copes with the tasks.
  • Cons: no.

  

  Septic tank installation price

  Retail and online stores are full of sales, promotions and discounts. Before you install a septic tank for filtering waste in a private house, you need to purchase it. It is not recommended to order delivery by mail, it is better to use the services of a transport company. You can buy a septic tank for a home, depending on its type, at a price of 12,000 to 70,000 rubles. However, buying is half the battle. Installation costs may vary:

  How to choose a septic tank for a private house

  The market for devices for organizing the sewerage of a private house is wide and offers devices for every taste. The regions keep up with big cities such as Moscow and St. Petersburg. However, it is necessary to approach the choice of materials responsibly so as not to have problems in the future. It is necessary to initially calculate the amount of waste and the location for the installation of the structure. Which septic tank to choose for a private house will depend on the length of stay:

  • If your goal is to move to a private house on a permanent basis, then it is better to opt for biosepsis. This will provide better wastewater treatment.
  • Those who come to a private house for the weekend or for summer period you can limit yourself to a storage septic tank. The design is simple, does not require energy consumption, but it implies periodic emptying of the tanks.

Building Vacation home or a summer cottage, everyone strives to make them as comfortable as possible. Therefore, suburban housing is equipped with sanitary and household appliances, which must be connected to the sewerage system. But wastewater must be diverted somewhere, provided that there is usually no central sewage system outside the city. Therefore, the question of which septic tank is better for a summer residence or a private cottage is relevant.

Recreation outside the city attracts many. However, the lack of essential amenities can be overwhelming. country life... Indeed, few people will like the need to wash in a basin and visit the toilet located at the far end of the site.

In order not to sacrifice comfort, many undertake to equip country houses and dachas with local sewage systems. And at the same time, it becomes necessary to choose and install a septic tank - which better fit in each case? Each developer must resolve this issue in advance.

Choice by principle of operation

First of all, let's figure out what kind of septic tanks are by type of work. In principle, three types of treatment plants are used today:

• Storage devices;
• Sediments with anaerobic biological treatment;
• Deep cleaning systems based on aerobic processes.

Storage devices

If equipment is chosen for a small country house, in which it is not planned to live permanently, then a storage septic tank will become the most practical option. Such installations do not process waste water, but only accumulate it. As the tank accumulates, it is cleaned with the help of sewage equipment. Pros of the option:

• Cheapness and ease of installation;
• Complete environmental safety.

Cons of this solution:

• The need to pump out wastewater as the container is filled;
• Presence bad smell at the moment of pumping.

Advice! The accumulator is a good option for a septic tank for a summer residence with a low water consumption. If the house does not live permanently, and water is consumed sparingly, then pumping will have to be carried out once a month or even once for the entire summer season (the frequency of pumpings also depends on the volume of the storage device).

Sedimentation tanks with anaerobic waste treatment

Considering the types of septic tanks, it should be noted that sedimentation tanks with anaerobic cleaning processes are a practical option for arranging a local sewage system for a private cottage. In such septic tanks, two types of natural cleaning are used:

• Mechanical settling, allowing to separate undissolved inclusions with a density different from water;
• Anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter produced by microorganisms.

In such septic tanks, only primary clarification of water occurs, it is purified by about 60%. Therefore, it is necessary to build installations for soil purification - aeration fields, filtration trenches and wells. Pros of this option:

• The convenience of use. The septic tank, launched into operation, does not require constant attention;
• Low running costs. Maintenance and pumping of sediment from the septic tank is carried out no more than once a year;
• Multivariance. You can purchase ready-to-install industrial models, or you can build septic tanks yourself, for example, from reinforced concrete rings;
• Complete autonomy. Septic tanks do not need power supply.

Advice! The question may arise, which is better - reinforced concrete rings for self-assembly of chambers or a ready-made septic tank? Here the choice depends on the budget allocated for the construction of the sewage system and the planned labor costs. If the budget allows, then it is easier to order the installation of a ready-made septic tank. The self-build option will be cheaper, but will require more labor.

Cons of septic tanks:

• The operation of a septic tank of this type strongly depends on geological conditions - the ability of the soil to absorb water, the level to which the soil water rises. For example, if the groundwater in a private household site rises high, then the likelihood of flooding the septic tank increases when its chambers are not tight enough (they are made of bricks or stacked from rings). And if there is clay soil on the site, additional difficulties arise with the device of additional soil purification.

Aerobic cleaning systems

Choosing the best option for a septic tank for a private cottage, many stop at modern local biological treatment plants. In such stations, a full cycle of water processing is carried out.

At the exit from the installation, it turns out to be technically pure water, which can be dumped into a ditch or directed into a storage well for further use for economic purposes (watering, washing paths, etc.). Pros of this option:

• High purification efficiency, which makes it possible to dispense with the construction of installations for additional soil purification;
• Lack of smell and noise during work;
• Can be installed under any geological conditions.

• High cost of stations;
• The need to connect the power supply;
• Higher likelihood of breakage. In simple sedimentation tanks, there are simply no parts that could break, and biological treatment stations are equipped with compressors, airlifts, automation systems, and therefore the likelihood of failure is higher.

Performance selection

Even the best option for a septic tank for a private house will not work efficiently if the performance of the installation is chosen incorrectly. The performance and volume of the septic tank chambers depend on the water consumption in the house. The more equipment in the house connected to the sewage system and the people who use it, the more productive the model is needed for the construction of the sewage system.

If a ready-made model is purchased, then the passport, as a rule, indicates how many people the model is designed to serve. When constructing self-made installations, you will have to make a simple calculation.

It is necessary that the drains are in the septic tank for at least three days, otherwise the liquid will not have time to settle well, and the quality of treatment will decrease. Thus, it is necessary to select the volume of the sump chambers in such a way that they accommodate the amount of wastewater generated in the house for three days.

It is not difficult to calculate the three-day water consumption. If the house has a standard set of plumbing fixtures (like in a city apartment), then for each person living there is about 200 liters of water per day and, accordingly, 600 liters in three days.

Advice! In the event that a bathhouse with a pool is being built in the house, or it is planned to install several jacuzzis, then the water consumption will naturally be higher.

To determine the volume of cells, it is enough to multiply the number of people living in the house by 600 and add 10-15% of the reserve for unforeseen events such as the arrival of guests.

The choice of septic tank material

If you plan to purchase a ready-made septic tank, then its body will most likely be made of polypropylene or other polymer material. At independent construction cameras are subject to variations. Consider homemade septic tanks- what are the options for materials for construction:

• Metal containers. This is the most impractical option. The fact is that the metal quickly collapses under the influence of drains, and the installation becomes unusable;
• Concrete structures. When choosing this option, two solutions are possible - the construction of a prefabricated structure from rings or the construction of a monolithic septic tank. The first option is easier to implement, provided that lifting equipment is used, but it is not tight enough. With high-lying soil waters, such a septic tank is very unreliable. Monolithic structures are completely sealed, but their construction takes time and serious labor costs;

Advice! To extend the service life of a metal container, it is necessary to treat it inside and out with anti-corrosion compounds. However, even in this case, the installation will last no longer than 5-6 years.

• Fiberglass and plastic. These materials are best suited for the construction of a septic tank. They are durable and lightweight, do not corrode, so they serve for a long time. For the independent construction of a septic tank, it will be necessary to purchase ready-made containers of the required volume, for example, euro cubes are often used.

Cost selection

• Almost free septic tanks. These are structures independently built from improvised material, for example, old car tires or plastic barrels. This option may be suitable for small country houses, in which the water consumption is minimal, or for baths. Such septic tanks have low productivity, and when constructing chambers from car tires, they also have insufficient tightness;
• Cheap septic tanks. These are brick or reinforced concrete installations. Low-capacity industrial plants are also relatively inexpensive;
• Industrial septic tanks with a capacity of more than a cubic meter of wastewater per day have an average price;
• The most expensive systems are the complete bioremediation systems.

So, when choosing a treatment plant, it is necessary to take into account local conditions: water consumption, geological conditions, financial capabilities of the owners. They will help to decide which septic tank is better for a country house, reviews of the owners of the installations, who, from their own experience, have found out all the disadvantages and advantages of the models used.