Finishing work is very often associated with the need to level the walls. Depending on the blockage of surfaces, different materials are used for this procedure. If the degree of curvature is large, then it is more expedient to opt for the so-called dry plastering, that is, fastening drywall sheets. In all other cases, work is carried out using building mixtures to level the walls.

Such materials are the most popular in the field finishing works for more than a decade. With their help, you can level surfaces, the blockage of which is no more than 5 cm, but subject to the installation of a reinforcing mesh, the thickness can be increased to 7-8 cm.

Cement mortars

Such mixtures for leveling walls are divided into two main subspecies:

• cement-sand;
• cement-lime.

The first type is considered classic. The main component here is cement grade from 100 to 500. This indicator reflects the strength of the finished coating, the higher it is, the stronger it is. In most cases, plasters with M100-M300 cement are used for internal works, М400-М500 - for facade finishing.

The filler is ordinary sand, which is mixed with cement in different proportions. The most common ratio is 1 part of cement and 3 parts of sand, but depending on the required quality of the finished coating, the proportion of sand in the solution varies from 2 to 8. The grain size of the filler should be medium. If you use too small fraction, then the wall may crack, too large will lead to the formation of pores. Fine sand can only be used in finishing plasters to obtain a smooth surface.

Plasticizers, mineral additives and substances that increase the plasticity of the material are used as additional components. They serve to enhance existing performance characteristics solution or giving it new ones, for example, there are mixtures for leveling walls with protection from radio waves.

The advantages of cement-sand materials are as follows:

• High mechanical strength.
• Possibility of finishing wet rooms (basements, bathrooms) and facades.
• Long service life.
• Relatively low cost.

Flaws:

• Big specific gravity, due to which the walls receive additional stress, and the application work becomes more difficult.
• A large amount of dust and dirt that forms during operation.
• The presence of shrinkage, which can lead to surface cracking.
• The need for further finishing.

As for cement-lime materials for leveling walls, in addition to sand, cement, polymer and mineral additives, slaked lime is added to them. Most often, such solutions are used for interior decoration, but subject to the presence of water-repellent components in the composition, facade work is also permissible. They are supplied in the form of dry mixtures in bags or solutions diluted with water in plastic containers.

Advantages of cement-lime mixtures:

• High level of adhesion to most types of substrates (concrete, brick, wood).
• Pathogens do not develop on surfaces.
• The solution dries for a rather long time, so the coating has time to gain the necessary strength.
• Moisture does not accumulate under the coating, which significantly increases its service life.

Flaws:

• Compressive strength is low.
• The cost is higher than that of cement-sand mortars.

Such mortars for leveling walls are made on the basis of slaked lime and sand, but modern manufacturers also add various substances to improve the performance of the mixtures. The classic ratio is 1 part lime dough or milk to 2 parts sand, but this can vary.

Lime plaster is used only for finishing dry rooms

Advantages :

• Light weight, which reduces the consumption of material per square meter, it is quite easy to work with it, and the walls do not receive additional stress.
• Antibacterial properties that prevent pathogenic bacteria, fungi and mold from living on such surfaces.
• High level of thermal insulation.
• Fire safety (material does not burn and does not support combustion).

Flaws:

• The material is susceptible to moisture and water.
• The finished surfaces do not differ in mechanical strength.

Gypsum solutions

Dry mixes of this type consist of alabaster and various mineral fillers. They are used exclusively for interior decoration. Some manufacturers assure that their gypsum mixes can be used to decorate surfaces in bathrooms, but their service life is still very short.

The main advantage is that there is no need for further finishing. Provided that it is applied and tiled correctly, the finish will be of high quality, so painting or tiling is not necessary. In addition, they have the following advantages:

• Low weight. Thanks to this feature, one worker can independently plaster up to 30 square meters surfaces per day.
• No shrinkage, due to which the risk of cracking of finished coatings is practically zero.
• The application process is not as messy as with other mixtures.

Flaws:

• Hydrophilicity, which is why the material cannot be used in wet conditions.
• Low mechanical strength.
• High price.

In addition, alabaster-based plasters harden quickly. This is both an advantage and a disadvantage. On the one hand, the work time is significantly reduced, on the other hand, the solution has to be prepared in small portions in order to prevent it from solidifying in the container.

Types of plaster by application

Depending on where exactly the work is carried out, plasters are divided into two types:

• for interior work;
• front.

In the first case, the main requirement for materials is environmental friendliness. Solutions should not release harmful substances during heating, getting wet or just like that. In addition, finished coatings should have a more or less attractive appearance and no blockage. To achieve this, you can compromise a little on strength, which is not so important inside buildings. Also, plasters for interior decoration must be vapor-permeable and have thermal insulation characteristics.

Concerning facade solutions, then they must first of all be durable, since outer surfaces constantly exposed to moisture, wind, ultraviolet rays, high and low temperatures, as well as their differences. The appearance and absolute evenness in this case fade into the background.

Types of mixtures for the quality of the finished coating

Depending on the required quality of the finished coating, there are three types of plaster:

1. Simple. In this case, we are talking about the cheapest cement-sand mixtures, with which they simply remove irregularities. Such coatings require additional finishing, for example, applying decorative mixtures or painting indoors. For facade works just applying them is enough. Mixtures of this type are applied in two layers: spray and leveling.
2. Improved. A more expensive material that is applied in three layers, but still requires additional decorative finishing... It can be cement-lime, just lime mixture or inexpensive gypsum. Great for external works and finishing of utility rooms.
3. High quality. Most often it is represented by gypsum solutions or cement based on white Portland cement. Well suited for interior surfaces, but can be too expensive for facades.

Putty as a material for leveling walls

Such materials are divided into ready-made and dry materials. There are no significant differences between them, the only thing is the need for self-preparation of dry putties.

In addition, they are divided depending on the type of work. The starting mixture is characterized by greater granularity and relatively low cost. It is it that is recommended to be used for roughing work on a primed base. Finishing materials are more expensive, so they are applied in a layer up to 1 cm after the starting materials have dried. Such coatings do not require further finishing.

On a note! There are also universal mixes suitable for two types of work. They differ in small grain size, but in terms of strength they are not inferior to the starting ones.

The next classification is the type of binder. On this basis, putties are divided into:

1. Plaster. Can be used as a base for any finish (tiles, paint, wallpaper). Such material does not shrink, it is applied with a layer of no more than 2 cm.As in the case of plasters, gypsum putties cannot be used in bathrooms and others. wet rooms.
2. Polymeric. The main advantage is resistance to temperature changes, in addition, this material hydrophobic, therefore not affected by water. Used only for finishing works, the layer thickness is 1-3 mm.
3. Cement. Perfect for rough work in wet rooms. The main advantage is a large margin of safety, but at the same time finished coating may crack due to shrinkage. Requires a minimum of 2 coats.
4. Calcareous. Suitable for rough work before surface treatment with lime whitewash. In terms of technical characteristics, they are similar to cement putty, but they are slightly inferior in strength.

To date construction market offers buyers great amount various building mixtures for finishing works. To choose them correctly, you need to carefully read the information indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging, and also remember about the features of the materials given above.

Plaster is a material that is used for high-quality leveling, protection from the external environment or decorating the walls of a house or apartment, workshop or office space... Before using this mixture for the first time, you should figure out which plaster is best to use to level the walls.

It is with the help of a plaster mixture that it is possible to achieve perfectly smooth slopes and walls, corners and a surface intended for painting or gluing wallpaper. It consists of well-known and safe components:

• gypsum;
• cement;
• lime;
• gypsum.

So that the building material sticks better to the walls and has long term operation, it must be carefully selected, specifying the binder.

What plasters are best for leveling walls?

To understand which plaster is better to use for leveling walls, you need to decide on its main types, which are reliable and safe:

1. Cement is not an independent type of plaster mixture, but the basis for two main types:

• Cement-limestone - it consists not only of the main component, but also of lime, therefore it can be used to work in rooms with a high degree of moisture, it does not allow fungus to multiply, but sometimes it becomes covered with cracks;
• Cement-sand - consists of high-quality cement, which also includes sand of various fractions, it is not afraid of moisture, does not change when wet physical properties, can set in just a couple of hours.

1. Gypsum is a plaster for leveling walls, which is made of natural gypsum.

It is necessary to understand the characteristics of each type of mixture that is used in a particular room.

Cement-sand option

If the plaster for the wall is made on the basis of cement, then various additives are added to it, which make it stronger.

If there is a plaster for leveling walls based on cement and sand, then it has a variety of positive aspects:

• acceptable pricing policy of products;
• long service life of the wall covering;
• the ability to independently prepare a solution;
• ease of use;
• lack of special skills when applying a solution, so this can be done not only by an expert in construction, but also by a beginner.

If you choose a cement-sand mixture, then you must immediately decide on its negative sides:

• as a result of applying a thick layer of plaster, the surface may become cracked;
• a reduced level of adhesion requires treatment with a primer mixture before applying to a concrete wall;
• the term of drying of the cement-sand mixture reaches two or two and a half hours.

Cement-lime mixture for plaster

Cement mixtures to which are added additional elements, including lime for increased plasticity and long term exploitation. A cement-lime mixture for plaster is sold not only dry, but also ready-made, so you can choose the ideal composition for use in a particular room.

TO positive sides Experts refer to such a solution:

• the ability to protect against fungi and mold with lime;
• increased plasticity of the mixture;
• the coating is fixed tightly and does not fall off;
• there is no possibility of the appearance of a cobweb of cracks;
• It has elevated level adhesion, therefore it is ideal for applying it to concrete or wood surfaces;
• ability to resist moisture;
• resistance to crumbling and drilling.

The disadvantages of the above material are weak strength at the moment of compression, high cost. Again, cement-lime plaster for leveling the surface is most often purchased ready-made, but you will have to pay attention to the composition and shelf life of the product.

Plaster mix for plaster

As for the gypsum type plaster, it is an excellent alternative to the cement option. Gypsum mix is ​​ideal for leveling the surface of walls in rooms that have a low moisture content.

When applying a leveling or facing plaster mixture to the surface, you will definitely have to do it quickly.

It is customary to refer to the positive sides of gypsum plaster:

• increased level of plasticity;
• ease of application;
• the ability to level the wall instantly after applying the mixture to the surface;
• increased period of processing walls in the room;
• high level of noise insulation;
• can reliably keep warmth in the room and prevent drafts;
• high drying speed (less than 30-40 minutes).

During finishing with plaster-type plaster, it will be possible to apply a thick layer of material to the walls, therefore experts advise using it as finishing... To make the surface even and smooth, it is enough to apply a single layer of gypsum mixture.

There are few disadvantages of a gypsum-based mixture, but the problem arises due to the high cost of production. In addition, this material is afraid of the ingress of any volume of liquids and can only be used when the humidity in the room is sixty percent.

How to make plaster with your own hands?

Buying dry plaster will be much cheaper for builders than getting it ready-made. A material is viable if it is made according to all the basic rules.

For a cement-based mixture, you will have to:

• carefully pour the cement mixture into the water, and not vice versa;
• carefully move the resulting solution;
• use a mixer while stirring construction type or drill;
• let the mixture settle for at least five to seven minutes;
• after that, mix the mixture again so that the additives begin to interact.

V cement mortar it is better to add water immediately, since it is strictly forbidden to refill it. A diluted solution based on cement and sand cannot be stored in a damp or cold room, but it would be better to purchase it ready-made, since it is rather difficult to prepare it.

You can purchase a dry or pasty mixture, or prepare it yourself according to the above rules. There are plaster mix for internal and external work, which are made on the basis of:

• acrylic;
• liquid glass;
• silicone resins;
• marble or mineral chips.

These types are purchased only for decorative processing walls, while minerals will be the cheapest, and silicate types will be more expensive.

Manufacturers rating

To determine which plaster is best to use for leveling walls, you need to consider the rating of leading manufacturers. Before you go for building materials, you should accurately calculate their exact amount. It will be necessary to purchase plaster with a margin so that it is definitely enough for finishing the premises.

It is worth understanding the features of plaster mixes from different manufacturers, relying on the judgment that domestic and foreign companies produce equally high quality products. There are various ratings of plasters on the world wide web, which can be taken as an example.

You will have to choose products based on personal experience of application and reviews of those specialists who have already used a mixture of a particular brand and decided on its positive or negative sides. If you choose a plaster from Knauf or Bolars, then you should purchase a putty and primer of the same brand.

In the first place are in most ratings:

• cement - PLITONIT T1 +;
• gypsum - KNAUF ROTBAND;
• based on synthetic resin - Caparol Streichputz.

These data are approximate, since the ratings are based on the purpose and composition, cost and customer reviews, expert opinions and other criteria.

Plaster prices

It is necessary to decide which plaster is better to use for leveling the walls, relying not only on specifications, but also on the pricing policy.

The price will differ depending on the brand of the manufacturer and what kind of plaster is required for leveling or finishing and decorative work. So for a bag (25 kg) of gypsum plaster mix of domestic production, you will have to pay 190 or 276 rubles, and a proprietary mix of foreign production will cost a little more (starting plaster from Knauf - 225 or 310).

It should be decided that the cost of a dry plaster mixture is more expensive than a pasty one, and it is more profitable to take it in bulk than at retail.

Experts advise novice plasterers to figure out which plaster is suitable for a particular room. Be sure to heed the advice of experts to get the perfect surface, including:

1. It is strictly forbidden to use plaster cladding of surfaces located outside the room.
2. The gypsum version dries up almost instantly, and it is strictly forbidden to use dried plaster, so the dry version is thrown away.
3. For walls that are made of fine-mesh concrete, a special ready-made plaster mixture should be used, since it has a high level of vapor permeability and does not lock moisture inside the pores.
4. The method of applying the plasters must be determined, since the option that is suitable for manual application cannot be applied to walls by machine.
5. Before applying the cement plaster, it is imperative to prime the surface with a layer of several mm for increased adhesion and wet the wall surface with water.
6. In rooms with a high degree of humidity, compositions of a moisture-resistant nature are used; additives of a hydrophobic type are added to this type of plaster, which increases its cost.
7. On the gypsum plaster it is strictly forbidden to lay facing tiles because it tends to fall off.
8. The plaster is the basis for the subsequent layers of the finishing cake, so it should hold just perfectly.
9. A cement-based plaster mixture can be made in advance in large volumes, since it hardens for at least two hours.
10. Dry compositions based on cement will be one third cheaper, so it is worth understanding that gypsum and lime compositions will hit the builder's pocket harder.
11. Before applying the layer, you should prepare the walls: apply shingles to wooden ones, remove dust from concrete and dry them, apply notches to brick walls, and treat stone walls with a metal brush.
12. When using metal-type lighthouses, after the plaster layer has completely dried and leveled, they will have to be removed and the traces must be masked.

Aligning walls with plaster is a relatively difficult and troublesome process. However, for self-fulfillment this work at all not necessary to have many years of experience and be a painter-plasterer of the highest category.

You just have to put in a little effort, and everything will work out. And with a successful outcome the result will pay off the effort, after all, a high-quality plastered surface is always a solid and durable base for finishing.

But before proceeding with practical actions, it is worth understand the theory spending some time on the information below if you wish.

Why is this process necessary?

When it comes to facing works, smooth walls- it is invaluable, if not to say, necessary factor, especially when it comes to wallpapering or laying ceramic tiles.

The smoother the working area, the faster and easier the workflow will be, and the better the result will be.

Therefore, leveling plaster is used to level the wall surfaces.

Speaking specifically about the benefits, the alignment under the wallpaper contains the following positive points:

• careful appearance finished cladding;
• the absence of depressions, bumps, granularity on the surface;
• uniformity of the structure of the wallpaper;
• improved adhesion when gluing decorative coatings;
• no diverging seams.

Now for the tiled cladding. If you lay the tiles on uneven wall trying to achieve an even coverage due to adhesive solution, you can pretty much "overstrain", and without getting a high-quality result.

Indeed, in this case, to obtain a single plane must be controlled by level each tile, which is inevitably associated with laying in different places different thickness adhesive solution. And it is worth making a mistake in any area by at least a couple of millimeters, as it will immediately be noticeable.

Plus, when laying too thick a layer of glue, it is possible for the mortar to slip under its own weight. As a result, you will need to knead a thicker mixture and press each tile against the wall, waiting for her fixation in the right place , which will increase the duration renovation works.

Read also about the types of plaster for interior decoration.

Types of material

For rough work, or, in other words, for leveling the walls, it can be used one of the three main types of plasters:

Which mix is ​​best?

When considering this issue, attention will be paid to the three types listed above, namely, in what cases is it more expedient to use this or that composition? In order to decide which mixture you need to choose, you need pay attention to the material of the walls to be covered.

Cement-sand plaster - more suitable for leveling brick walls. As for concrete surfaces, the adhesion quality of the mortar in this case leaves much to be desired. Therefore, when using such a mixture for plastering concrete walls, you cannot do without a primer.

Lime plaster, unlike the previous one has higher adhesive properties... This allows it to be used for finishing concrete and even wooden surfaces (shingles).

Lime - a component that protects the plaster layer from the formation of mold and mildew, which is an irreplaceable quality in finishing.

For finishing dry rooms, you can use plaster mix, the pluses of which should include shorter drying time unlike the first two options, as well as the ability to carry out cladding finished surface without resorting to additional filler.

Do-it-yourself plaster alignment

The smooth surface of the walls is a decisive, but not the only factor among those that positively affect the appearance of the room. For everything to be perfect, when carrying out plastering work, it is also worth pay attention to the procedure for aligning the corners.

In some cases it may be necessary application of similar measures and in relation to doorways... Below - about everything in order.

Walls

Surface preparation - mandatory procedure , in the process of which the wall is cleared of dust, debris and crumbling fragments.

You also need to make sure that there are no nails or other elements sticking out in the wall that can become a hindrance in the process of plastering.

Once plastered the surface is completely dry, it must be leveled with gypsum or cement putty.

This is usually done in two layers. The first layer is applied with a wide spatula, then the dried surface is sanded and finished finishing putty which further serves as the basis for decorative coating.

Corners

Formation inner corners performed in the process of plastering adjacent walls... In this case, the application of plaster on the lighthouses in itself will allow you to achieve even corners.

When aligning, care must be taken to avoid collecting in the corner. a large number of solution. If, in the process, an excess of the mixture nevertheless formed, their should be carefully removed with a spatula.

As for the alignment of the outer corners, then in this case the easiest way is to use a special corner perforated profile, which pressed into fresh solution, after which excess mixture is removed from its surface.

Doorway

If you need to plaster the doorway, you can use the same perforated profile, which the will protect outer corners from chips.

Profile installed on both sides along the perimeter of the opening, securing with a plaster mixture. The space between the profiles is filled with a solution, leveling it with a rule.

For those who first encountered plastering work and do not have any experience behind them, you can practice on small areas walls by mixing a small amount of mortar. This will allow you to fill your hand a little and give more confidence for larger procedures.

See the following video for how to level the walls with plaster:

Any walls before the decorating process need to be leveled with plaster with or without beacons, or in finishing with any other building materials.

We align the walls with plaster

It is especially important to level the walls with plaster on cracked surfaces or in places where the old coating has lost its former strength. The purpose of plastering is to obtain a flat and smooth surface without visible irregularities and damage.

Which mixture is better: dry or wet?

Drywall is a representative of dry plaster. It is used only for interior decoration. Elementary installation and lack of dirty work provide the simplicity of this process, so it can be chosen for work even by a beginner. If drywall gets into your hands experienced builder, the material allows you to bring to life the most interesting designs not only on walls but also on vertical surfaces.

But, such a dry material also has certain disadvantages. Plasterboard sheets are easily affected by atmospheric conditions, which is why the scope of its application is reduced, and I would like to increase the strength of the material. That is why it is better not to use such material in wet rooms.

Monolithic plaster is a "wet" technique for performing plastering work with the help of which it is possible to achieve the most even and smooth coating, which will be distinguished by a high level of resistance to weather disasters and mechanical damage. Such "wet" materials are durable enough and do not have many disadvantages. These include only the duration of the repair work and the high cost of the material, relative to the sheets of drywall.

Monolithic plaster, in turn, is divided into 2 subspecies:

• ordinary plaster;
• decorative plaster.

The usual plaster mixture is found in our life much more often and is used to level all defects on surfaces. The plastering process is subject to long-term preparatory work, only at the end, which you can proceed to painting works or wallpapering the walls.

Decorative plaster is used as a self-sufficient material that is used to decorate a room. Decorative mixtures have a fairly diverse classification:

• textured;
• structural;
• Venetian.

Which mixture to choose for leveling the walls?

Plastering a brick wall

The binder on the basis of which the plaster is mixed is the main factor in the classification of mortars. If it was possible to give an unambiguous answer to the question, "What kind of plaster is better to use?", Builders would use only one option in their work. But, thanks to the serous competition of materials, the right of choice remains with you, because for different premises and different finishes different building materials are required, there is no absolutely universal one yet.

Here Comparative characteristics the most common mixtures for plastering work on leveling walls (see table).

Gypsum plaster is distinguished by its high elastic properties. It is possible to apply such a substance with a layer of 50 mm at a time and not worry that the surface will be covered with cracks, as happens with cement mortars.

But, do not forget that gypsum-based substances set very quickly, therefore it is better to mix the solution in small batches in order to have time to use up the entire mass.

Gypsum, in comparison with the same cement, has a much lower weight, which allows you to treat a large surface area with the same amount of material. Another plus for gypsum solutions is that it can be applied to the ceiling due to its lightness, and it also provides sound and heat insulation of the room.

It is possible to work with gypsum compositions even on concrete and other flat surfaces without the use of a reinforcing mesh, which also reduces the cost of such finishing work.

Do-it-yourself wall alignment with plaster

Cement plaster mortars They are distinguished by their durability, which is the main indicator during the performance of work in rooms with a high probability of mechanical damage. And if you dig deeper, cement plasters have many advantages, among which the following can be distinguished:

• moisture resistance;
• frost resistance;
• cheap material, etc.

Aligning the walls with lime-based plaster will budget option, but this will not affect the quality in any way. Use lime mortars can be used both for interior and exterior work. One caveat - for finishing surfaces outside the building, it is better to choose lime mixtures not in pure form, but in combination with other components, such as gypsum or cement. Very often, modern manufacturers of such mixtures add synthetic fibers to the composition with lime, which increase the level of surface strength.

The disadvantage of this representative of plaster mixes for leveling walls is the fear of moisture, which is why lime plasters are not used for work in rooms with high humidity levels (bath, kitchen, basement, etc.).

Acrylic-based plasters are considered particularly elastic. Such mixtures are distinguished by good adhesion to the treated surface. You simply will not find a more convenient material for working with problem areas of the structure.

Acrylic plaster is a worthy representative of wear-resistant materials that will serve you long years... Such surfaces can be washed with a brush and detergents without fear of damaging the structure and strength of the coating.

We align the walls in the house under the wallpaper

The disadvantages of this material are the high cost and low level of vapor permeability. For many, the high price category seems to be a significant indicator, but if the calculations are carried out correctly, this disadvantage can be minimized.

As a rule, acrylic-based mixtures are sold already with the addition of coloring pigments, which allows you to reduce financial costs for coloring materials in future. Low vapor permeability can also be dealt with by correct calculation insulation of the room.

Silicate plaster has not gone far from acrylic in the price category. It is based on liquid potassium glass, which gives the mixture a high vapor permeability and allows it to be used for finishing surfaces that have been insulated with mineral wool.

The advantage of silicate plaster is resistance to fungal infections and the "function" of self-cleaning from contamination.

The downside is again the high cost of the material, as well as the likelihood of color change under the influence of moisture. You should not pay too much attention to the last indicator, since after drying, the surface regains its previous color.

There are also plaster mixes made on the basis of silicone resin. Such material does not lend itself to decay and is resistant to mechanical damage and environmental influences.

This representative may have few advantages, but they are very significant:

• high level of vapor permeability;
• good adhesion to any surface;
• hydrophobicity;
• a varied palette of colors;
• the ability to use different techniques for applying the material.

Today instead of traditional materials, which were used for plastering walls, are increasingly using ready-made improved dry mixes for leveling walls and ceilings, which are made from mineral components and additives.

Leveling compounds are intended for any plastering work, as well as - in order to bring the wall into a normal state for tiling or wood finishing. The same mixture is used when wallpapering is required.

There are several types of this material:

• Mortars based on cement. They are used in any rooms and premises, for example: kitchens, swimming pools, saunas, etc.
• Solutions based on adhesive binders. Used in residential areas such as bedrooms, lobbies, shops or offices, etc.

It should be noted that the mixtures differ not only in the above parameters. The alignment of surfaces is distinguished by the thickness of the layer that is applied to them. It ranges from 0 to 30 mm. If you apply the solution to brickwork- it is necessary to carry out plastering work in several stages:

1. The first layer should be "rough". He does the so-called pre-alignment. Often, this is done with the help of materials such as "Nivoplan" or "Betonit TT".
2. The second layer is done using waterproofing materials... This is an intermediate stage.
3. The thickness of the last layer should be from 0 to 2 mm, this is a direct preparation of the wall for painting or wallpapering.

German-made KNAUF plaster mixes are quality material for interior decoration. They gained popularity due to the fact that their production is based on plaster of paris... This material has many useful properties... These include: resistance to fire (it does not ignite), hygiene (gypsum is absolutely harmless to human health), moisture absorption in case of excess (and equally - its return in case of lack). Optimal microclimate, preventing heat loss and much more.

An excellent example is the plaster used for leveling ceilings - "Rotband". It contains special additives that provide high adhesion, which means that the surface will be even and smooth, without any particular difficulties and difficulties. Also "Rotband" is quite suitable for concrete walls. Although for this purpose, they often use dry plaster mix - "GoldbandNoy". It is very simple and easy to apply. It is used for manual plastering of internal surfaces, and - including "rough" (stone or brick masonry). "GoldbandNoy" has a slow setting, which allows you to put any walls in order without much haste.

There are many types of decorative plaster, different in colors, and by invoice. It can be grooved, rustic, rough, etc. For example, the plaster "Atlas Cermit SN" has a texture of crumb thickness equal to or less than 23 mm, as well as the structure of "small lambs". Obviously, the larger the crumb, the more relief the surface will be. Very often for internal and exterior decoration premises, plaster is used, which is created on the basis of a water dispersion of artificial resins. For example - "Cermit N 200" or "CermitR 200".

Materials used to seal the joints formed during installation gypsum plasterboards are also referred to this group of construction products. This can also include lining plastering masses... They serve to prevent dirt and stains from appearing. They are also used as a base for high-quality plaster (including decorative).

Various mortars and plaster mixtures for leveling walls are used for finishing residential, utility and industrial premises; train stations, offices, shops, washrooms, bedrooms, etc. The universal composition of the MAPEL company - "Nivoplan", has a wide range of applications. These are mixtures that serve both for leveling walls and for plastering with a thin layer. different surfaces, for example: concrete, cement-lime, foam concrete, plasterboard and others.

Surface preparation

As a basis for applying plaster, completely different surfaces can act: concrete, cement particle boards, gypsum, ceramic blocks, brick, glass and metal. But, there is one distinctive feature... Leveling mortars of this kind are not recommended for use with wood or plastic. Only a few compounds can be used for the restoration of the external facades of various buildings.

Before starting work with a surface made of bricks or various small elements on which there are raw or unfinished seams, the mixture should be cut out in the seams with a depth of about 10 millimeters with front side finishing area. If it is necessary to finish the bases of concrete or gypsum, it is necessary to make a dense oblique mesh from the front side with a sharp chisel, the depth of each strip should be about 3 millimeters. But it is worth noting that for all solutions there are certain requirements that you need to familiarize yourself with before starting work.

It is important to know that before you start finishing any surface, you should clean it from external contaminants, such as dust, dirt, grease, old paint or glue. It is especially necessary to treat the surface carefully before laying decorative plaster. After all, paint or dust can reduce the adhesion between materials, and this will lead to unpleasant consequences.

The base should be treated with special primers or emulsion. If you need to work on a surface that is coated Oil paint, - then the problem can be solved by adding dispersion to the putty or plaster.

Application secrets

There is a certain technology in accordance with which it is necessary to align walls and ceilings. For an experienced plasterer, it presents absolutely no difficulty, and, knowing the secrets, even a beginner will be able to do this work and what are the ways to level the walls you can also read on our website.

Pour the dry mixture with water at room temperature and mix thoroughly with any in an accessible way: mechanically or manually. The proportions indicated on the packaging should be strictly observed, in otherwise- the solution will turn out to be too liquid or thick, which means that it is of poor quality.

The resulting mixture is applied to the wall evenly with a trowel, the excess can be removed with a wood float. If it is necessary to use a thick layer of mortar, it is leveled with a rail, while strongly pressing on it. If you have to work with decorative plaster- it is applied with a smooth metal float and smoothed to the thickness of a crumb. After that, the surface is rubbed with a float made of artificial materials until the desired result is obtained. Depending on what effect you want to get, you can grout the plaster in both circular and cross-shaped movements. Horizontal and vertical. It all depends on the needs.

Colored plaster mixes are applied to a wet surface. In no case should the "rubbed" place be allowed to dry out before applying another layer. If this happens, there will be a stain on the wall. The time during which the plaster hardens is from 4 hours to 2 days. It all depends on air temperature, humidity and other factors.

Almost all solutions used in the treatment of walls and various surfaces are frost-resistant, environmentally friendly. Some contain hydrophobic compounds. They make the plaster resistant to wash off.

Do not process surfaces and use mixtures for leveling ceilings and walls at temperatures below ± 5 ° С, as well as above ± 25 ° С. Limitations and recommendations can be found on the product packaging.

If we talk about the shelf life of plaster - they range from six months to a year. Although, decorative mixtures based on an aqueous dispersion or artificial resins (with proper storage) can be used one year after production. I often pack them in 25 kg plastic buckets.